Tyrone Hayes + Penelope Jagessar Chaffer: The toxic baby?

119,262 views ใƒป 2012-02-13

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shahar Rodrig ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
Penelope Jagessar Chaffer: I was going to ask if there's a doctor in the house.
0
15260
3000
ืคื ืœื•ืคื” ื’'ื’ืกืจ ืฉืืคืจ: ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืจื•ืคื ื‘ืงื”ืœ.
00:18
No, I'm just joking.
1
18260
2000
ืœื, ืื ื™ ืกืชื ืžืชื‘ื“ื—ืช.
00:20
It's interesting, because it was six years ago
2
20260
3000
ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ 6 ืฉื ื™ื
00:23
when I was pregnant with my first child
3
23260
2000
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื” ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
00:25
that I discovered
4
25260
2000
ื›ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™
00:27
that the most commonly used preservative
5
27260
2000
ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ ื”ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:29
in baby care products
6
29260
2000
ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช
00:31
mimics estrogen
7
31260
2000
ืžื—ืงื” ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ึตืŸ
00:33
when it gets into the human body.
8
33260
2000
ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืจ ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื.
00:35
Now it's very easy actually
9
35260
2000
ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“
00:37
to get a chemical compound from products
10
37260
2000
ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
00:39
into the human body through the skin.
11
39260
2000
ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืขื•ืจ.
00:41
And these preservatives had been found
12
41260
2000
ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื ืžืฆืื•
00:43
in breast cancer tumors.
13
43260
2000
ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“.
00:45
That was the start of my journey
14
45260
2000
ืคื” ื”ื—ืœ ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื™
00:47
to make this film, "Toxic Baby."
15
47260
2000
ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืกืจื˜, "ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื”ืจืขื™ืœ".
00:49
And it doesn't take much time
16
49260
2000
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืœื•ืงื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘
00:51
to discover some really astonishing statistics
17
51260
2000
ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช
00:53
with this issue.
18
53260
2000
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื–ื”.
00:55
One is that you and I all have
19
55260
3000
ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ ื•ื‘ื›ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื
00:58
between 30 to 50,000 chemicals
20
58260
2000
ื‘ื™ืŸ 30 ืœ-50 ืืœืฃ ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื
01:00
in our bodies
21
60260
2000
ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื
01:02
that our grandparents didn't have.
22
62260
2000
ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืชื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
01:04
And many of these chemicals
23
64260
2000
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
01:06
are now linked to the skyrocketing incidents
24
66260
3000
ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ืชื” ืžืจืงื™ืขืช ื”ืฉื—ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช
01:09
of chronic childhood disease
25
69260
2000
ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช
01:11
that we're seeing across industrialized nations.
26
71260
3000
ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืขืฉื•ืช.
01:14
I'll show you some statistics.
27
74260
2000
ืืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ื›ืžื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื•ืช.
01:16
So for example, in the United Kingdom,
28
76260
2000
ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”,
01:18
the incidence of childhood leukemia
29
78260
2000
ื”ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ืงืžื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
01:20
has risen by 20 percent just in a generation.
30
80260
3000
ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื›-20 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
01:23
Very similar statistic for childhood cancer in the U.S.
31
83260
3000
ื ืชื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกืจื˜ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
01:26
In Canada, we're now looking at one in 10 Canadian children with asthma.
32
86260
4000
ื‘ืงื ื“ื”, ืื—ื“ ืžืขืฉืจื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ืืกื˜ืžื”.
01:30
That's a four-fold increase.
33
90260
3000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ื” ืคื™ ืืจื‘ืข.
01:33
Again, similar story around the world.
34
93260
2000
ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:35
In the United States,
35
95260
2000
ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
01:37
probably the most astonishing statistic
36
97260
2000
ื›ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:39
is a 600 percent increase
37
99260
2000
ื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 600 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื
01:41
in autism and autistic spectrum disorders
38
101260
3000
ื‘ืื•ื˜ื™ื–ื ื•ื‘ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืช ื”ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช
01:44
and other learning disabilities.
39
104260
2000
ื•ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืื—ืจื•ืช.
01:46
Again, we're seeing that trend
40
106260
2000
ืฉื•ื‘, ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœืžื’ืžื” ื”ื–ื•
01:48
across Europe, across North America.
41
108260
2000
ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
01:50
And in Europe,
42
110260
2000
ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
01:52
there's certain parts of Europe,
43
112260
2000
ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื,
01:54
where we're seeing a four-fold increase
44
114260
2000
ื‘ื”ื ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืคื™ ืืจื‘ืข
01:56
in certain genital birth defects.
45
116260
3000
ื‘ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื™ื”.
01:59
Interestingly, one of those birth defects
46
119260
2000
ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•
02:01
has seen a 200 percent increase in the U.S.
47
121260
3000
ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘-200 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
02:04
So a real skyrocketing
48
124260
2000
ืื– ืื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ื” ืžืจืงื™ืขืช ืฉื—ืงื™ื
02:06
of chronic childhood disease
49
126260
2000
ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช
02:08
that includes other things
50
128260
2000
ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื’ื ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช
02:10
like obesity and juvenile diabetes,
51
130260
2000
ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื ืช ื™ืชืจ ื•ืกื›ืจืช ื ืขื•ืจื™ื,
02:12
premature puberty.
52
132260
2000
ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช.
02:14
So it's interesting for me,
53
134260
2000
ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
02:16
when I'm looking for someone who can really talk to me
54
136260
2000
ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™
02:18
and talk to an audience about these things,
55
138260
3000
ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืงื”ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•,
02:21
that probably one of the most important people in the world
56
141260
3000
ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
02:24
who can discuss toxicity in babies
57
144260
3000
ืืฉืจ ื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช
02:27
is expert in frogs.
58
147260
2000
ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื.
02:29
(Laughter)
59
149260
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:31
Tyrone Hayes: It was a surprise to me as well
60
151260
3000
ื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื–: ื”ื•ืคืชืขืชื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ
02:34
that I would be talking about pesticides,
61
154260
3000
ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื”,
02:37
that I'd be talking about public health,
62
157260
4000
ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช,
02:41
because, in fact, I never thought I would do anything useful.
63
161260
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขืฆื, ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื™ ืžืฉื”ื•.
02:44
(Laughter)
64
164260
3000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:47
Frogs.
65
167260
3000
ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื.
02:50
In fact, my involvement in the whole pesticide issue
66
170260
3000
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื“ื‘ืจื”
02:53
was sort of a surprise as well
67
173260
2000
ื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืžืคืชื™ืข ืืฃ ื”ื™ื
02:55
when I was approached by the largest chemical company in the world
68
175260
3000
ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื ื• ืืœื™ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
02:58
and they asked me if I would evaluate
69
178260
2000
ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš
03:00
how atrazine affected amphibians, or my frogs.
70
180260
3000
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื“ื•-ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ืฉืœื™.
03:03
It turns out, atrazine is the largest selling product
71
183260
3000
ืžืกืชื‘ืจ, ืฉืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื ืžื›ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:06
for the largest chemical company in the world.
72
186260
2000
ืข"ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:08
It's the number one contaminant
73
188260
2000
ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื–ื”ื ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ืช
03:10
of groundwater, drinking water, rain water.
74
190260
3000
ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืชื”ื•ื, ืžื™ ืฉืชื™ื”, ืžื™ ื’ืฉื.
03:13
In 2003, after my studies, it was banned in the European Union,
75
193260
3000
ื‘-2003, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™, ื”ื•ื ื ืืกืจ ืข"ื™ ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™,
03:16
but in that same year,
76
196260
2000
ืื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”,
03:18
the United States EPA re-registered the compound.
77
198260
2000
ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืื™ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
03:20
We were a bit surprised when we found out
78
200260
3000
ื”ื•ืคืชืขื ื• ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื›ื™
03:23
that when we exposed frogs
79
203260
2000
ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ืืฉืจ ื ื—ืฉืคื•
03:25
to very low levels of atrazine -- 0.1 parts per billion --
80
205260
3000
ืœื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื–ืขืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ - 0.1 ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ื ืœืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ --
03:28
that it produced animals that look like this.
81
208260
3000
ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ืš.
03:31
These are the dissected gonads of an animal
82
211260
2000
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ื ืื“ื•ืช (ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ) ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื”
03:33
that has two testes, two ovaries,
83
213260
2000
ื‘ืขืœืช ืฉื ื™ ืืฉื›ื™ื, ืฉื ื™ ืจื—ืžื™ื,
03:35
another large testis, more ovaries,
84
215260
2000
ืืฉืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืขื•ื“ ืจื—ืžื™ื,
03:37
which is not normal ...
85
217260
2000
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื ื•ืจืžืœื™...
03:39
(Laughter)
86
219260
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:41
even for amphibians.
87
221260
2000
ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื•-ื—ื™ื™ื.
03:43
In some cases, another species like the North American Leopard Frog
88
223260
3000
ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงืจื™ื, ื–ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืข ื”ืžื ื•ืžืจ ื”ื—ื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช,
03:46
showed that males exposed to atrazine grew eggs in their testes.
89
226260
3000
ื”ืจืื• ื›ื™ ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉืคื• ืœืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื“ืœื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืฉื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
03:49
And you can see these large, yolked-up eggs
90
229260
2000
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื•ืช
03:51
bursting through the surface of this male's testes.
91
231260
3000
ื”ืžืฆื™ืฆื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืืฉื›ื™ื ื”ื–ื›ืจื™ื™ื.
03:54
Now my wife tells me, and I'm sure Penelope can as well,
92
234260
3000
ืืฉืชื™ ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื™, ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืคื ืœื•ืคื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“,
03:57
that there's nothing more painful than childbirth --
93
237260
3000
ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ืื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœื™ื“ื” --
04:00
which that I'll never experience, I can't really argue that --
94
240260
3000
ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื— ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืื—ื•ื•ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ --
04:03
but I would guess that a dozen chicken eggs in my testicle
95
243260
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืชืจื™ืกืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœ ื‘ืืฉื›ื™ื ืฉืœื™
04:05
would probably be somewhere in the top five.
96
245260
3000
ื™ืชื‘ืจื’ ืื™ืคืฉื”ื• ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื” ื”ืคื•ืชื—ืช.
04:08
(Laughter)
97
248260
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:10
In recent studies that we've published,
98
250260
2000
ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ืคืจืกืžื ื•,
04:12
we've shown that some of these animals when they're exposed to atrazine,
99
252260
2000
ื”ืจืื ื• ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื ื—ืฉืคื•ืช ืœืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ,
04:14
some of the males grow up
100
254260
2000
ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื–ื›ืจื™ื ืžืชื‘ื’ืจื™ื
04:16
and completely become females.
101
256260
2000
ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื‘ื•ืช.
04:18
So these are actually two brothers consummating a relationship.
102
258260
3000
ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื™ื ืžื–ื“ื•ื•ื’ื™ื.
04:21
And not only do these genetic males mate with other males,
103
261260
3000
ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื–ื“ื•ื•ื’ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™,
04:24
they actually have the capacity to lay eggs
104
264260
2000
ื”ื ืื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื
04:26
even though they're genetic males.
105
266260
3000
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ื›ืจื™ื.
04:29
What we proposed,
106
269260
2000
ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืฆืขื ื•,
04:31
and what we've now generated support for,
107
271260
2000
ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ืชื™ืžื•ื›ื™ืŸ,
04:33
is that what atrazine is doing
108
273260
2000
ืฉืžื” ืฉืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื”
04:35
is wreaking havoc causing a hormone imbalance.
109
275260
2000
ื”ื™ื ื• ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™.
04:37
Normally the testes should make testosterone,
110
277260
2000
ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื•ืจืžืœื™, ื”ืืฉื›ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื˜ืกื˜ื•ืกื˜ืจื•ืŸ,
04:39
the male hormone.
111
279260
2000
ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืจื™.
04:41
But what atrazine does is it turns on an enzyme,
112
281260
3000
ืื•ืœื ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืื ื–ื™ื,
04:44
the machinery if you will, aromatase,
113
284260
2000
ืื™ื–ื•ืฉื”ื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื”, ืื ืชืจืฆื•, ื”ื ืงืจืืช ืืจื•ืžื˜ืื–.
04:46
that converts testosterone into estrogen.
114
286260
2000
ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ื˜ืกื˜ื•ืกื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืœืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ.
04:48
And as a result, these exposed males
115
288260
2000
ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ื–ื›ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ื ื—ืฉืคื• ืœื—ื•ืžืจ,
04:50
lose their testosterone, they're chemically castrated,
116
290260
3000
ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ืกื˜ื•ืกื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืžืกื•ืจืกื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื™ืžื™,
04:53
and they're subsequently feminized
117
293260
2000
ื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื ืงื‘ื•ืช
04:55
because now they're making the female hormone.
118
295260
2000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ื ืงื‘ื™.
04:57
Now this is what brought me to the human-related issues.
119
297260
3000
ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”
05:00
Because it turns out
120
300260
2000
ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™
05:02
that the number one cancer in women, breast cancer,
121
302260
3000
ื”ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื, ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“,
05:05
is regulated by estrogen and by this enzyme aromatase.
122
305260
3000
ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื ื–ื™ื ื”ื–ื”, ืืจื•ืžื˜ืื–.
05:08
So when you develop a cancerous cell in your breast,
123
308260
2000
ื›ืืฉืจ ืืช ืžืคืชื—ืช ืชื ืกืจื˜ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื“ ืฉืœืš,
05:10
aromatase converts androgens into estrogens,
124
310260
4000
ืืจื•ืžื˜ืื– ื”ื•ืคืš ืื ื“ืจื•ื’ื ื™ื ืœืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ื ื™ื,
05:14
and that estrogen turns on or promotes
125
314260
2000
ื•ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืื• ืžืขื•ื“ื“
05:16
the growth of that cancer
126
316260
2000
ืืช ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืกืจื˜ืŸ
05:18
so that it turns into a tumor and spreads.
127
318260
3000
ืขื“ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื•.
05:21
In fact, this aromatase is so important in breast cancer
128
321260
3000
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืืจื•ืžื˜ืื– ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
05:24
that the latest treatment for breast cancer
129
324260
3000
ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“
05:27
is a chemical called letrozole,
130
327260
2000
ื”ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœ ื‘ืฉื ืœื˜ืจื•ื–ื•ืœ,
05:29
which blocks aromatase, blocks estrogen,
131
329260
2000
ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืกื ืืจื•ืžื˜ืื– ื•ื—ื•ืกื ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ,
05:31
so that if you developed a mutated cell, it doesn't grow into a tumor.
132
331260
3000
ื›ืš ืฉืื ื ื•ืฆืจ ืชื ืžื•ื˜ื ื˜ื™, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชืคืชื— ืœื›ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ.
05:34
Now what's interesting is, of course,
133
334260
2000
ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
05:36
that we're still using 80 million pounds of atrazine,
134
336260
3000
ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘-80 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืคืื•ื ื“ ืฉืœ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ,
05:39
the number one contaminant in drinking water, that does the opposite --
135
339260
3000
ื”ืžื–ื”ื ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื‘ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื”ื™ืคืš --
05:42
turns on aromatase, increases estrogen
136
342260
2000
ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ืืจื•ืžื˜ืื–, ืžืขืœื” ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ
05:44
and promotes tumors in rats
137
344260
2000
ื•ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื›ื‘ืจื™ื
05:46
and is associated with tumors, breast cancer, in humans.
138
346260
4000
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“ ื‘ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื.
05:50
What's interesting is, in fact,
139
350260
2000
ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื”,
05:52
the same company that sold us 80 million pounds of atrazine,
140
352260
2000
ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžื›ืจื” ืœื ื• 80 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืคืื•ื ื“ ืฉืœ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ,
05:54
the breast cancer promoter,
141
354260
2000
ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“,
05:56
now sells us the blocker -- the exact same company.
142
356260
3000
ื›ืขืช ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” -- ืื•ืชื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง.
05:59
And so I find it interesting
143
359260
2000
ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ื–ืืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
06:01
that instead of treating this disease
144
361260
2000
ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœื”
06:03
by preventing exposure to the chemicals that promote it,
145
363260
3000
ืข"ื™ ืžื ื™ืขืช ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชื”,
06:06
we simply respond
146
366260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื
06:08
by putting more chemicals into the environment.
147
368260
3000
ืข"ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
06:11
PJC: So speaking of estrogen,
148
371260
2000
ืคื ืœื•ืคื”: ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ,
06:13
one of the other compounds that Tyrone talks about in the film
149
373260
3000
ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืกืจื˜
06:16
is something called bisphenol A, BPA,
150
376260
3000
ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืกืคื ื•ืœ ืื™ื™, BPA,
06:19
which has been in the news recently.
151
379260
3000
ืืฉืจ ื›ื™ื›ื‘ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
06:22
It's a plasticizer.
152
382260
2000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžื’ืžืฉ (ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืกื™ื™ื–ืจ).
06:24
It's a compound that's found in polycarbonate plastic,
153
384260
3000
ื–ื”ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืคื•ืœื™ืงืจื‘ื•ื ื˜,
06:27
which is what baby bottles are made out of.
154
387260
2000
ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืžื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื”ืื›ืœื” ืœืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช.
06:29
And what's interesting about BPA
155
389260
2000
ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘-BPA
06:31
is that it's such a potent estrogen
156
391260
3000
ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:34
that it was actually once considered for use
157
394260
2000
ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื•
06:36
as a synthetic estrogen in hormone placement therapy.
158
396260
3000
ื›ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™ื™ื.
06:39
And there have been many, many, many studies that have shown
159
399260
3000
ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืื• ื›ื™
06:42
that BPA leaches from babies' bottles
160
402260
3000
BPA ื–ื•ืœื’ ืžื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ืื›ืœื”
06:45
into the formula, into the milk,
161
405260
2000
ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื”, ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื—ืœื‘,
06:47
and therefore into the babies.
162
407260
2000
ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง.
06:49
So we're dosing our babies,
163
409260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืขืžื™ืกื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
06:51
our newborns, our infants,
164
411260
2000
ื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ืคืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
06:53
with a synthetic estrogen.
165
413260
2000
ื‘ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™.
06:55
Now two weeks ago or so,
166
415260
2000
ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš,
06:57
the European Union passed a law
167
417260
2000
ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืง
06:59
banning the use of BPA
168
419260
2000
ื”ืื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘-BPA
07:01
in babies' bottles and sippy cups.
169
421260
2000
ื›ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื”ืื›ืœื” ื•ืกืคืœื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
07:03
And for those of you who are not parents,
170
423260
2000
ืœืžืขืŸ ืืœื• ืžื›ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื”ื•ืจื™ื,
07:05
sippy cups are those little plastic things
171
425260
2000
ืกืคืœื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง
07:07
that your child graduates to after using bottles.
172
427260
3000
ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื’ืžืœ ืžื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง.
07:10
But just two weeks before that,
173
430260
3000
ืื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ,
07:13
the U.S. Senate refused to even debate
174
433260
3000
ื”ืกื ืื˜ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ืกืจื‘ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ
07:16
the banning of BPA
175
436260
2000
ื‘ื”ื—ืจืžืช ื”-BPA
07:18
in babies' bottles and sippy cups.
176
438260
3000
ืžืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืื›ืœืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช.
07:21
So it really makes you realize
177
441260
2000
ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื’ื•ืจื ืœืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
07:23
the onus on parents
178
443260
2000
ืขืœ ื”ื ื˜ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื•ืจื™ื
07:25
to have to look at this and regulate this and police this
179
445260
2000
ืืฉืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ื˜ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื
07:27
in their own lives
180
447260
2000
ื‘ืขืฆืžื
07:29
and how astonishing that is.
181
449260
2000
ื•ื›ืžื” ืžืคืœื™ื ื–ื”.
07:31
(Video) PJC: With many plastic baby bottles
182
451260
3000
(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ) ืคื ืœื•ืคื”: ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื›ื— ื›ื™ ืœืชื•ืš ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ื”ืื›ืœื” ืจื‘ื™ื
07:34
now proven to leak the chemical bisphenol A,
183
454260
3000
ื“ื•ืœืฃ ื‘ื™ืกืคื ื•ืœ ืื™ื™,
07:37
it really shows how sometimes
184
457260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื
07:39
it is only a parent's awareness
185
459260
2000
ืจืง ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืจื™ืช
07:41
that stands between chemicals and our children.
186
461260
4000
ืžืคืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•.
07:45
The baby bottle scenario proves
187
465260
2000
ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื”ื”ืื›ืœื” ืžื•ื›ื™ื—
07:47
that we can prevent unnecessary exposure.
188
467260
3000
ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช.
07:50
However, if we parents are unaware,
189
470260
2000
ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื ืื ื—ื ื•, ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืœื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื
07:52
we are leaving our children
190
472260
2000
ืื ื• ืžื•ืชื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•
07:54
to fend for themselves.
191
474260
3000
ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื.
08:03
TH: And what Penelope says here
192
483260
2000
ื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ: ืžื” ืฉืคื ืœื•ืคื” ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ืืŸ
08:05
is even more true.
193
485260
2000
ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง.
08:07
For those of you who don't know, we're in the middle of the sixth mass extinction.
194
487260
3000
ืœืืœื• ืžื›ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื”ื›ื—ื“ื” ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
08:10
Scientists agree now.
195
490260
2000
ื›ืš ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืขืช.
08:12
We are losing species from the Earth
196
492260
2000
ืื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
08:14
faster than the dinosaurs disappeared,
197
494260
2000
ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืื•ืจื™ื,
08:16
and leading that loss are amphibians.
198
496260
2000
ื”ืฉื™ืื ื™ื ื”ื ื”ื“ื•-ื—ื™ื™ื.
08:18
80 percent of all amphibians
199
498260
2000
80 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ื“ื•-ื—ื™ื™ื
08:20
are threatened and in come decline.
200
500260
2000
ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืชื—ืช ืื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื—ื“ื•ืช.
08:22
And I believe, many scientists believe
201
502260
2000
ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ, ื•ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื
08:24
that pesticides are an important part of that decline.
202
504260
3000
ืฉื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
08:27
In part, amphibians are good indicators and more sensitive
203
507260
3000
ื“ื•-ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืžื“ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื•ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื•
08:30
because they don't have protection from contaminants in the water --
204
510260
2000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื --
08:32
no eggshells, no membranes
205
512260
2000
ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ืžืžื‘ืจื ื•ืช
08:34
and no placenta.
206
514260
2000
ืื• ืฉืœื™ื”.
08:36
In fact, our invention -- by "our" I mean we mammals --
207
516260
3000
ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช, ื”ื”ืžืฆืื” ืฉืœื ื• -- ื•ื‘"ืฉืœื ื•" ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื --
08:39
one of our big inventions was the placenta.
208
519260
3000
ืื—ืช ื”ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ื”.
08:42
But we also start out as aquatic organisms.
209
522260
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืžื™ื.
08:44
But it turns out that this ancient structure
210
524260
2000
ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ื
08:46
that separates us from other animals, the placenta,
211
526260
3000
ื”ืžืคืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ืฉืœื™ื”,
08:49
cannot evolve or adapt fast enough
212
529260
2000
ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื“ืคื˜ืฆื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืžืกืคื™ืง
08:51
because of the rate that we're generating new chemicals
213
531260
2000
ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
08:53
that it's never seen before.
214
533260
2000
ืฉืœื ื ืจืื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
08:55
The evidence of that is that studies in rats, again with atrazine,
215
535260
3000
ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืงืจื™ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืกื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœื“ื•ืช,
08:58
show that the hormone imbalance atrazine generates causes abortion.
216
538260
3000
ื”ื ืžืจืื™ื ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ืคืœื”.
09:01
Because maintaining a pregnancy is dependent on hormones.
217
541260
3000
ื–ืืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื.
09:04
Of those rats that don't abort,
218
544260
2000
ื”ื—ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืคื™ืœื•ืช,
09:06
atrazine causes prostate disease
219
546260
2000
ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉืชืŸ
09:08
in the pups so the sons
220
548260
2000
ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฆืืฆืื™ื
09:10
are born with an old man's disease.
221
550260
2000
ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ.
09:12
Of those that don't abort,
222
552260
2000
ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืคื™ืœื•ืช,
09:14
atrazine causes impaired mammary, or breast, development
223
554260
2000
ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ืœืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืื• ื”ืฉื“,
09:16
in the exposed daughters in utero,
224
556260
2000
ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืจื—ื,
09:18
so that their breast don't develop properly.
225
558260
2000
ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœืฉื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืคื•ืชื— ื›ืจืื•ื™.
09:20
And as a result, when those rats grow up,
226
560260
2000
ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื›ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื’ื“ืœื•ืช,
09:22
their pups experience retarded growth and development
227
562260
3000
ื”ืฆืืฆืื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžืขื•ื›ื‘ืช
09:25
because they can't make enough milk to nourish their pups.
228
565260
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื—ืœื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื.
09:28
So the pup you see on the bottom is affected by atrazine
229
568260
3000
ื”ื’ื•ืจ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืข ืžืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ
09:31
that its grandmother was exposed to.
230
571260
2000
ืฉืกื‘ืชื ืฉืœื• ื ื—ืฉืคื” ืืœื™ื•.
09:33
And given the life of many of these chemicals,
231
573260
3000
ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื•,
09:36
generations, years, dozens of years,
232
576260
3000
ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื ื™ื, ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื,
09:39
that means that we right now
233
579260
2000
ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืืœื•
09:41
are affecting the health
234
581260
2000
ืื ื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
09:43
of our grandchildren's grandchildren
235
583260
2000
ืฉืœ ื ื›ื“ื™ ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื•
09:45
by things that we're putting into the environment today.
236
585260
3000
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื›ื™ื•ื.
09:48
And this is not just philosophical, it's already known,
237
588260
2000
ืืœื• ืื™ื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ื•ื
09:50
that chemicals like diethylstilbestrol and estrogen,
238
590260
2000
ื›ื™ ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืืชื™ืœืกื˜ื™ืœื‘ืกื˜ืจื•ืœ ื•ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ,
09:52
PCBs, DDT
239
592260
2000
ื‘ื™ืคื ื™ืœื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื™ ื›ืœื•ืจ (PCB), ื•-DDT
09:54
cross the placenta
240
594260
2000
ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื”
09:56
and effectively determine
241
596260
2000
ื•ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื
09:58
the likelihood of developing breast cancer
242
598260
2000
ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“,
10:00
and obesity and diabetes
243
600260
2000
ื”ืฉืžื ืช ื™ืชืจ ื•ืกื›ืจืช
10:02
already when the baby's in the womb.
244
602260
2000
ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื ืื™ืžื•.
10:04
In addition to that, after the baby's born,
245
604260
2000
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง,
10:06
our other unique invention as mammals
246
606260
2000
ืื—ืช ื”ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื
10:08
is that we nourish our offspring after they're born.
247
608260
2000
ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื›ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืืฆื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืœื“.
10:10
We already know that chemicals
248
610260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ
10:12
like DDT and DES and atrazine
249
612260
2000
DDT ื•-DES ื•ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ
10:14
can also pass over into milk,
250
614260
2000
ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืœื‘,
10:16
again, affecting our babies
251
616260
2000
ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช
10:18
even after their born.
252
618260
2000
ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ื ื•ืœื“ื•.
10:21
PJC: So when Tyrone tells me
253
621260
2000
ืคื ืœื•ืคื”: ื›ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืœื™
10:23
that the placenta is an ancient organ,
254
623260
3000
ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ื‘ืจ ืขืชื™ืง,
10:26
I'm thinking, how do I demonstrate that?
255
626260
2000
ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช: ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื–ืืช?
10:28
How do you show that?
256
628260
2000
ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื–ื”?
10:30
And it's interesting when you make a film like this,
257
630260
2000
ื–ื” ืžื•ื–ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืจื˜ ื›ื–ื”,
10:32
because you're stuck trying to visualize science
258
632260
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ืชืงื•ืข ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืžื“ืข
10:35
that there's no visualization for.
259
635260
2000
ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉื•.
10:37
And I have to take a little bit of artistic license.
260
637260
3000
ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืงืฆืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืืžื ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
10:45
(Video) (Ringing)
261
645260
5000
(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ) (ืฆืœืฆื•ืœ)
10:50
Old man: Placenta control.
262
650260
2000
ืื™ืฉ ื–ืงืŸ: ื‘ืงืจืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื”.
10:52
What is it?
263
652260
2000
ื‘ืžื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ?
10:54
Oh what?
264
654260
3000
ืžื”?
10:57
(Snoring)
265
657260
3000
(ื ื—ื™ืจื”)
11:00
(Honk)
266
660260
5000
(ืฆืคื™ืจื”)
11:05
Puffuffuff, what?
267
665260
4000
ืคืจืค...ืคืจืคืœ..., ืžื”?
11:11
Perflourooctanoic acid.
268
671260
4000
ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืคืจืคืœื•ืื•ืจื•-ืื•ืงื˜ืื ื•ืื™ืช?
11:18
Blimey.
269
678260
2000
ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ.
11:20
Never heard of it.
270
680260
3000
ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
11:23
PJC: And neither had I actually
271
683260
4000
ืคื ืœื•ืคื”: ื•ื’ื ืื ื™ ืœื, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช.
11:27
before I started making this film.
272
687260
2000
ื˜ืจื ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื”.
11:29
And so when you realize that chemicals can pass the placenta
273
689260
3000
ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืœื™ื”
11:32
and go into your unborn child,
274
692260
3000
ืืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœืš,
11:35
it made me start to think,
275
695260
2000
ืืชื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
11:37
what would my fetus say to me?
276
697260
3000
ืžื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœืš ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืš?
11:40
What would our unborn children say to us
277
700260
3000
ืžื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœื ื•
11:43
when they have an exposure
278
703260
3000
ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืฉื™ืคื”
11:46
that's happening everyday, day after day?
279
706260
3000
ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช, ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื•?
11:49
(Music)
280
709260
18000
(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
12:07
(Video) Child: Today,
281
727260
2000
(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ) ื™ืœื“: ื”ื™ื•ื,
12:09
I had some octyphenols,
282
729260
4000
ืื›ืœืชื™ ืงืฆืช ืื•ืงื˜ื™ืคื ื•ืœื™ื,
12:13
some artificial musks
283
733260
3000
ืงืฆืช ืžื•ืฉืง ืกื™ื ื˜ื˜ื™,
12:16
and some bisphenol A.
284
736260
5000
ื•ืงืฆืช BPA.
12:21
Help me.
285
741260
2000
ืขื–ืจื• ืœื™.
12:26
PJC: It's a very profound notion
286
746260
3000
ืคื ืœื•ืคื”: ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”
12:29
to know that we as women
287
749260
2000
ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื•, ื”ื ืฉื™ื,
12:31
are at the vanguard of this.
288
751260
2000
ื—ื™ืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืฅ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
12:33
This is our issue,
289
753260
2000
ื–ื”ื• ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
12:35
because we collect these compounds our entire life
290
755260
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืกืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
12:38
and then we end up dumping it and dumping them
291
758260
3000
ื•ืื– ืื ื• ืžืฉืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืš
12:41
into our unborn children.
292
761260
3000
ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื•.
12:44
We are in effect
293
764260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื”
12:46
polluting our children.
294
766260
2000
ืขืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
12:48
And this was something that was really brought home to me a year ago
295
768260
4000
ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื ื’ืข ืืœื™ื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืฉื ื”
12:52
when I found out I was pregnant
296
772260
2000
ื›ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ
12:54
and the first scan revealed
297
774260
2000
ื•ื”ืกืจื™ืงื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืจืืชื”
12:56
that my baby had a birth defect
298
776260
3000
ืฉืœื™ืœื“ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื ืžื•ืœื“
12:59
associated with exposure
299
779260
2000
ื”ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื™ืคื”
13:01
to estrogenic chemicals in the womb
300
781260
2000
ืœื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื
13:03
and the second scan
301
783260
2000
ื•ื”ืกืจื™ืงื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื”
13:05
revealed no heartbeat.
302
785260
2000
ื—ืฉืคื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืคืง.
13:07
So my child's death, my baby's death,
303
787260
3000
ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœื™, ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืฉืœื™,
13:10
really brought home the resonance of what I was trying to make in this film.
304
790260
3000
ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ ื”ื“, ืื•ืชื• ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื›ื ืขื ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื”.
13:13
And it's sometimes a weird place
305
793260
2000
ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื”
13:15
when the communicator becomes part of the story,
306
795260
3000
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื—ืœืง ืžื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•,
13:18
which is not what you originally intend.
307
798260
2000
ืœืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื›ื–ื• ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
13:20
And so when Tyrone talks about
308
800260
3000
ื›ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ
13:23
the fetus being trapped in a contaminated environment,
309
803260
3000
ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื›ื•ื“ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ืžืช,
13:26
this is my contaminated environment.
310
806260
4000
ื–ื• ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ืžืช ืฉืœื™.
13:30
This is my toxic baby.
311
810260
3000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ ื”ืจืขื™ืœ ืฉืœื™.
13:33
And that's something
312
813260
3000
ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื•
13:36
that's just profound and sad,
313
816260
3000
ืขืžื•ืง ื•ืขืฆื•ื‘,
13:39
but astonishing
314
819260
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื
13:41
because so many of us don't actually know this.
315
821260
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืœื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
13:46
TH: One of this things that's exciting and appropriate
316
826260
2000
ื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ: ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื
13:48
for me to be here at TEDWomen
317
828260
2000
ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ื‘-TEDWomen
13:50
is that, well, I think it was summed up best last night at dinner
318
830260
4000
ื”ื•ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืกื™ื›ื ืืช ื–ื” ื™ืคื” ื‘ืืจื•ื—ืช ืขืจื‘ ืืชืžื•ืœ
13:54
when someone said, "Turn to the man at your table and tell them,
319
834260
2000
ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ืคื ื• ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื,
13:56
'When the revolution starts, we've got your back.'"
320
836260
3000
'ื›ืฉืชื—ืœ ื”ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื›ื'."
13:59
The truth is, women,
321
839260
2000
ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื, ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™,
14:01
you've had our back on this issue for a very long time,
322
841260
3000
ืืชืŸ ืขืžื“ืชืŸ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื” ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘,
14:04
starting with Rachel Carson's "Silent Spring"
323
844260
2000
ื”ื—ืœ ืžืจื™ื™ืฆ'ืœ ืงืจืกื•ืŸ ื‘"ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื“ื•ืžื"
14:06
to Theo Colborn's "Our Stolen Future"
324
846260
2000
ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืช'ื™ืื• ืงื•ืœื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื‘"ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื’ื ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•"
14:08
to Sandra Steingraber's books
325
848260
2000
ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกื ื“ืจื” ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื’ืจื™ื™ื‘ืจ
14:10
"Living Downstream" and "Having Faith."
326
850260
3000
"ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืจื" ื•"ื‘ืขืœื™ ืืžื•ื ื”".
14:13
And perhaps it's the connection to our next generation --
327
853260
3000
ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื --
14:16
like my wife and my beautiful daughter here about 13 years ago --
328
856260
3000
ื›ืžื• ืืฉืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืœืคื ื™ 13 ืฉื ื™ื --
14:19
perhaps it's that connection
329
859260
2000
ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื”ืงืฉืจ
14:21
that makes women activists
330
861260
2000
ื”ื“ื•ื—ืฃ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช
14:23
in this particular area.
331
863260
2000
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื”ื–ื”.
14:25
But for the men here, I want to say
332
865260
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื”, ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ
14:27
it's not just women and children that are at risk.
333
867260
2000
ืฉืœื ืจืง ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
14:29
And the frogs that are exposed to atrazine,
334
869260
3000
ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ืœืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ,
14:32
the testes are full of holes and spaces,
335
872260
2000
ื”ืืฉื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ืœืœื™ื,
14:34
because the hormone imbalance,
336
874260
2000
ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™,
14:36
instead of allowing sperm to be generated,
337
876260
2000
ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืชืชืืคืฉืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื–ืจืข,
14:38
such as in the testis here,
338
878260
2000
ื›ืžื• ื‘ืืฉืš ื”ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ,
14:40
the testicular tubules end up empty
339
880260
2000
ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืฉืš ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืจื™ืงื™ื
14:42
and fertility goes down by as much as 50 percent.
340
882260
2000
ื•ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ื‘ื›-50 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
14:44
It's not just my work in amphibians,
341
884260
3000
ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ ื“ื•-ื—ื™ื™ื,
14:47
but similar work has been shown in fish in Europe,
342
887260
3000
ื™ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
14:50
holes in the testes and absence of sperm in reptiles in a group from South America
343
890260
3000
ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืฉืš ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื–ืจืข ื‘ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืžืจื™ืงื”
14:53
and in rats, an absence of sperm
344
893260
2000
ื•ื‘ืขื›ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจืื• ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื–ืจืข
14:55
in the testicular tubules as well.
345
895260
3000
ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืืฉืš ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
14:58
And of course, we don't do these experiments in humans,
346
898260
2000
ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื,
15:00
but just by coincidence,
347
900260
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื”,
15:02
my colleague has shown
348
902260
2000
ืขืžื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ืจืื”
15:04
that men who have low sperm count, low semen quality
349
904260
2000
ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื–ืจืข ื ืžื•ื›ื”, ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื™ืจื•ื“ื”,
15:06
have significantly more atrazine in their urine.
350
906260
3000
ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืชืŸ.
15:09
These are just men who live
351
909260
2000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
15:11
in an agricultural community.
352
911260
2000
ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช.
15:13
Men who actually work in agriculture
353
913260
2000
ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช
15:15
have much higher levels of atrazine.
354
915260
3000
ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ.
15:18
And the men who actually apply atrazine
355
918260
2000
ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืœืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ
15:20
have even more atrazine in their urine,
356
920260
3000
ื™ืฉ ืจืžื•ืช ืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืชืŸ,
15:23
up to levels that are 24,000 times what we know to be active
357
923260
3000
ืขื“ ืœื›ืžื•ืช ืคื™ 24,000 ืžื–ื• ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืœื ื• ื›ืคืขื™ืœื”
15:26
are present in the urine of these men.
358
926260
3000
ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืฉืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื•.
15:29
Of course, most of them, 90 percent are Mexican, Mexican-American.
359
929260
3000
ืžืชื•ืš ืืœื•, ืจื•ื‘ื, 90 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื ืžืงืกื™ืงื ื™ื, ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื-ืžืงืกื™ืงื ื™ื™ื.
15:32
And it's not just atrazine they're exposed to.
360
932260
2000
ื•ื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืจืง ืœืื˜ืจืื–ื™ืŸ.
15:34
They're exposed to chemicals like chloropicrin,
361
934260
3000
ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืจื•ืคื™ืงืจื™ืŸ,
15:37
which was originally used as a nerve gas.
362
937260
2000
ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ื’ื– ืขืฆื‘ื™ื.
15:39
And many of these workers
363
939260
2000
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
15:41
have life expectancies of only 50.
364
941260
2000
ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›-50 ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
15:43
It shouldn't come to any surprise that the things that happen in wildlife
365
943260
3000
ื–ื” ืœื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืคืชื™ืข ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข,
15:46
are also a warning to us,
366
946260
2000
ื”ื ืื–ื”ืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•,
15:48
just like Rachel Carson and others have warned.
367
948260
2000
ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ืฆ'ืœ ืงืจืกื•ืŸ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•.
15:50
As evident in this slide from Lake Nabugabo in Uganda,
368
950260
3000
ื›ืจืื™ื”, ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืื’ื ื ืื‘ื•ื’ืื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ื’ื ื“ื”,
15:53
the agricultural runoff from this crop,
369
953260
2000
ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ื–ื•ืจืžืช ืžื”ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืœืื’ื,
15:55
which goes into these buckets,
370
955260
2000
ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœื“ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•,
15:57
is the sole source of drinking, cooking and bathing water for this village.
371
957260
3000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืฉืชื™ื”, ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื•ืžื™ ืจื—ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืคืจ.
16:00
Now if I told the men in this village
372
960260
2000
ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื”ื–ื”
16:02
that the frogs have pour immune function
373
962260
2000
ืฉืœืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื—ืœืฉื”
16:04
and eggs developing in their testes,
374
964260
2000
ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ืืฉื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
16:06
the connection between environmental health and public health
375
966260
2000
ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
16:08
would be clear.
376
968260
2000
ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
16:10
You would not drink water that you knew was having this kind of impact
377
970260
3000
ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืฉื•ืชื™ื ืžื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืคืขืชื ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ื•
16:13
on the wildlife that lived in it.
378
973260
2000
ืขืœ ืืœื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื.
16:15
The problem is, in my village, Oakland,
379
975260
2000
ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื™, ืื•ืงืœื ื“,
16:17
in most of our villages,
380
977260
2000
ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
16:19
we don't see that connection.
381
979260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ.
16:21
We turn on the faucet, the water comes out, we assume it's safe,
382
981260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื–, ื”ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—,
16:23
and we assume that we are masters of our environment,
383
983260
3000
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืื“ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
16:26
rather than being part of it.
384
986260
3000
ื•ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื”.
16:29
PJC: So it doesn't take much to realize
385
989260
2000
ืคื ืœื•ืคื”: ืœื ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกื™ืง
16:31
that actually this is an environmental issue.
386
991260
3000
ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™.
16:34
And I kept thinking over and over again
387
994260
3000
ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ
16:37
this question.
388
997260
2000
ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•.
16:39
We know so much about global warming and climate change,
389
999260
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™ืช, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื,
16:42
and yet, we have no concept
390
1002260
2000
ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’
16:44
of what I've been calling internal environmentalism.
391
1004260
2000
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจืืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช.
16:46
We know what we're putting out there,
392
1006260
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”,
16:48
we have a sense of those repercussions,
393
1008260
2000
ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช,
16:50
but we are so ignorant of this sense
394
1010260
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™
16:52
of what happens when we put things, or things are put
395
1012260
3000
ืžื” ืฉื™ืงืจื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืฉืœื™ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื• ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื
16:55
into our bodies.
396
1015260
2000
ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœื’ื•ืคื ื•.
16:57
And it's my feeling
397
1017260
2000
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉืชื™
16:59
and it's my urging being here
398
1019260
2000
ื•ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื”
17:01
to know that, as we women move forward
399
1021260
2000
ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช
17:03
as the communicators of this,
400
1023260
2000
ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื”,
17:05
but also as the ones who carry that burden
401
1025260
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืฉืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื ื•ืฉืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœ
17:08
of carrying the children, bearing the children,
402
1028260
3000
ื”ื‘ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื,
17:11
we hold most of the buying power in the household,
403
1031260
3000
ื”ื›ื— ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
17:14
is that it's going to be us moving forward
404
1034260
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื”ื™ื” ืืœื• ื”ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช
17:17
to carry the work of Tyrone and other scientists around the world.
405
1037260
3000
ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.
17:20
And my urging is
406
1040260
2000
ืื ื™ ืžืคืฆื™ืจื” ื‘ื›ื
17:22
that when we think about environmental issues
407
1042260
2000
ื›ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื,
17:24
that we remember that it's not just about melting glaciers and ice caps,
408
1044260
4000
ืื ื ื–ื›ืจื• ืฉืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืงืจื—ื•ื ื™ื ื ืžืกื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืคื•ืช ืงืจื—,
17:28
but it's also about our children as well.
409
1048260
2000
ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
17:30
Thank you.
410
1050260
2000
ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
17:32
(Applause)
411
1052260
10000
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7