Bob Mankoff: Anatomy of a New Yorker cartoon

323,851 views ใƒป 2013-06-26

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: yael ring ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I'm going to be talking about designing humor,
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ,
00:14
which is sort of an interesting thing, but it goes
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ
00:16
to some of the discussions about constraints,
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ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช,
00:20
and how in certain contexts, humor is right,
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ื•ืื™ืš ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ
00:22
and in other contexts it's wrong.
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ื•ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื˜ืขื”.
00:24
Now, I'm from New York,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง,
00:27
so it's 100 percent satisfaction here.
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ื›ืš ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ื‘100% ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ.
00:30
Actually, that's ridiculous, because when it comes to humor,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืžื’ื•ื—ืš, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ,
00:34
75 percent is really absolutely the best you can hope for.
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75 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืœื”.
00:37
Nobody is ever satisfied 100 percent with humor
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžืจื•ืฆื” ื‘100% ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืจ
00:42
except this woman.
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ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช.
00:45
(Video) Woman: (Laughs)
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ืื™ืฉื”: (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:02
Bob Mankoff: That's my first wife.
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ื–ืืช ืืฉืชื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
01:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:06
That part of the relationship went fine.
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ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ.
01:08
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:12
Now let's look at this cartoon.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช.
01:15
One of the things I'm pointing out is that
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ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื
01:17
cartoons appear within the context
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ืฉื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ
01:19
of The New Yorker magazine,
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ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ "ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ",
01:21
that lovely Caslon type, and it seems
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ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืงืกืœื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืกื™ื ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืจืื™ืช
01:23
like a fairly benign cartoon within this context.
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ื›ืžื• ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื“ื™ ื ื—ืžื“ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”.
01:26
It's making a little bit fun of getting older,
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ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ื—ืงืช ืขืœ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช,
01:28
and, you know, people might like it.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืื”ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื”.
01:30
But like I said, you cannot satisfy everyone.
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.
01:33
You couldn't satisfy this guy.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
01:35
"Another joke on old white males. Ha ha. The wit.
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"ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื, ื”ื ื”ื, ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืช.
01:38
It's nice, I'm sure to be young and rude,
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ื–ื” ื ื—ืžื“, ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ื—ื•ืฆืคืŸ,
01:40
but some day you'll be old, unless you drop dead as I wish."
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืืชื ืชื”ื™ื• ื–ืงื ื™ื, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืชืžื•ืชื• ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื—ืœ ืœื›ื".
01:43
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:47
The New Yorker is rather a sensitive environment,
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ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืจื’ื™ืฉื”
01:50
very easy for people to get their nose out of joint.
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ืžืื•ื“ ืงืœ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชืœื”ื.
01:53
And one of the things that you realize
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืžื’ืœื” ื”ื•ื
01:56
is it's an unusual environment.
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ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื“ื™ ืœื ืจื’ื™ืœื”.
01:58
Here I'm one person talking to you.
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ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืœื›ื.
02:00
You're all collective. You all hear each other laugh and know each other laugh.
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ื›ื•ืœื›ื ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘. ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืืชื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื.
02:04
In The New Yorker, it goes out to a wide audience,
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ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ, ื–ื” ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืœืงื”ืœ ืจื—ื‘,
02:08
and when you actually look at that,
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ื•ื›ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืงื•ืจื ืื•ืชื”,
02:10
and nobody knows what anybody else is laughing at,
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ื•ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื” ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืฆื•ื—ืง,
02:13
and when you look at that the subjectivity involved in humor
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ื•ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ
02:17
is really interesting.
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ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช.
02:18
Let's look at this cartoon.
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ื‘ื ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช.
02:20
"Discouraging data on the antidepressant."
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"ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื™ื™ืืฉ ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ".
02:22
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:24
Indeed, it is discouraging.
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ืื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžื™ื™ืืฉ.
02:27
Now, you would think, well, look,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื˜ื•ื‘, ืชืจืื•,
02:29
most of you laughed at that.
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ืจื•ื‘ื›ื ืฆื—ืงืชื ืขืœ ื–ื”.
02:31
Right? You thought it was funny.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืฉื–ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง.
02:32
In general, that seems like a funny cartoon,
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื”.
02:34
but let's look what online survey I did.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืกืงืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™.
02:37
Generally, about 85 percent of the people liked it.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื›85 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืื”ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื”.
02:39
A hundred and nine voted it a 10, the highest. Ten voted it one.
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109 ื ืชื ื• ืœื” 10, ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. 10 ื ืชื ื• ืœื” 1.
02:43
But look at the individual responses.
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ืื‘ืœ ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช.
02:45
"I like animals!!!!!" Look how much they like them.
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"ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื—ื™ื•ืช!!!!!" ืชืจืื• ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื.
02:47
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:51
"I don't want to hurt them. That doesn't seem very funny to me."
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"ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื. ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืฆื—ื™ืง".
02:54
This person rated it a two.
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื” ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 2.
02:56
"I don't like to see animals suffer -- even in cartoons."
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"ืื ื™ ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืจืื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช -- ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”".
03:00
To people like this, I point out we use anesthetic ink.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืœื”, ืื ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื• ืžืจื“ื™ื.
03:05
Other people thought it was funny.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื–ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง.
03:07
That actually is the true nature of the distribution of humor
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ื–ื”ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ
03:10
when you don't have the contagion of humor.
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ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื“ื‘ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ.
03:14
Humor is a type of entertainment.
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ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืจ.
03:16
All entertainment contains a little frisson of danger,
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ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืžื›ื™ืœ ื ื™ืžื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืกื›ื ื”,
03:20
something that might happen wrong,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ,
03:22
and yet we like it when there's protection.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื’ื ื”.
03:24
That's what a zoo is. It's danger. The tiger is there.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื. ื–ื” ืกื›ื ื”. ื”ื˜ื™ื’ืจื™ืก ืฉื.
03:27
The bars protect us. That's sort of fun, right?
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ื”ืกื•ืจื’ื™ื ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื•. ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืฃ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:31
That's a bad zoo.
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ื–ื” ื’ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ืข.
03:33
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:35
It's a very politically correct zoo, but it's a bad zoo.
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ื–ื” ื’ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืœื™ ืงื•ืจืงื˜. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื’ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ืข.
03:39
But this is a worse one.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ืจื•ืข.
03:42
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:45
So in dealing with humor in the context of The New Yorker,
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ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ
03:50
you have to see, where is that tiger going to be?
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ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ืื™ืคื” ื”ื ืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
03:52
Where is the danger going to exist?
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ืื™ืคื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”?
03:54
How are you going to manage it?
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ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืืชื”?
03:56
My job is to look at 1,000 cartoons a week.
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ 1,000 ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
04:00
But The New Yorker only can take 16 or 17 cartoons,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืจืง 16 ืื• 17 ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช,
04:05
and we have 1,000 cartoons.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 1,000 ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช.
04:06
Of course, many, many cartoons must be rejected.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื“ื—ื•ืช.
04:09
Now, we could fit more cartoons in the magazine
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ
04:12
if we removed the articles.
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช.
04:14
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:18
But I feel that would be a huge loss,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืกื“ ืขืฆื•ื,
04:23
one I could live with, but still huge.
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ื›ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืชื•, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื•ื.
04:27
Cartoonists come in through the magazine every week.
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ืžืื™ื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ืœืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
04:30
The average cartoonist who stays with the magazine
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ื”ืžืื™ื™ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืขื ื”ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ
04:32
does 10 or 15 ideas every week.
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ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืจืš 10 ืขื“ 15 ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
04:34
But they mostly are going to be rejected.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ื“ื—ื•.
04:37
That's the nature of any creative activity.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช.
04:40
Many of them fade away. Some of them stay.
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืžืชืžื•ืกืกื™ื. ื—ืœืงื ื ืฉืืจื™ื.
04:44
Matt Diffee is one of them.
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ืžืื˜ ื“ื™ืคื™ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื.
04:45
Here's one of his cartoons.
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ื”ื ื” ืื—ืช ืžื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
04:47
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:53
Drew Dernavich. "Accounting night at the improv."
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ื“ืจื• ื“ืจื ื‘ื™ืฅ'. "ืขืจื‘ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืืœืชื•ืจื™ื".
04:56
"Now is the part of the show when we ask the audience
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"ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื”ืงื”ืœ
04:58
to shout out some random numbers."
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ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืจื ื“ื•ืžืœื™ื™ื".
05:02
Paul Noth. "He's all right. I just wish he were a little more pro-Israel."
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ืคื•ืœ ื ื•ืช. "ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืจืง ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืจื•- ื™ืฉืจืืœื™".
05:07
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:12
Now I know all about rejection,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื›ืœ ืขืœ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื”,
05:14
because when I quit -- actually, I was booted out of -- psychology school
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™ - ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืขื™ืคื• ืื•ืชื™ - ืžื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
05:18
and decided to become a cartoonist, a natural segue,
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื™ื™ืจ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช, ืžืขื‘ืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™,
05:22
from 1974 to 1977 I submitted 2,000 cartoons to The New Yorker,
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ืž-1974 ืขื“ 1977 ื”ื’ืฉืชื™ 2,000 ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ,
05:27
and got 2,000 cartoons rejected by The New Yorker.
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ื•2,000 ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื ื“ื—ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ.
05:31
At a certain point, this rejection slip, in 1977 --
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ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ืคืชืง ื”ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ื”, ื‘-1977 --
05:36
[We regret that we are unable to use the enclosed material. Thank you for giving us the opportunity to consider it.] โ€”
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[ืื ื• ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ. ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ืชืช ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื•ืชื•.] --
05:37
magically changed to this.
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ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืคืœื ื”ืคืš ืœื–ื”.
05:38
[Hey! You sold one. No shit! You really sold a cartoon to the fucking New Yorker magazine.]
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[ื”ื™! ืžื›ืจืช ืื—ื“. ื‘ืืžืช! ืืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžื›ืจืช ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืœื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ].
05:42
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:44
Now of course that's not what happened,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”,
05:47
but that's the emotional truth.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช.
05:51
And of course, that is not New Yorker humor.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ.
05:54
What is New Yorker humor?
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ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ?
05:55
Well, after 1977, I broke into The New Yorker and started selling cartoons.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื—ืจื™ 1977, ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช.
06:00
Finally, in 1980, I received the revered
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘-1980, ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช
06:03
New Yorker contract,
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ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื ืขืจืฅ ืขื ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ,
06:05
which I blurred out parts because it's none of your business.
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ืฉื˜ืฉื˜ืฉืชื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืฉื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื›ื.
06:09
From 1980. "Dear Mr. Mankoff, confirming the agreement
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ืž1980. "ืžืจ ืžื ืงื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืงืจ, ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกื›ื
06:13
there of -- " blah blah blah blah -- blur --
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ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ื–ื” ---" ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืœื” -- ื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ --
06:15
"for any idea drawings."
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"ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ",
06:19
With respect to idea drawings, nowhere in the contract
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"ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ืจื™ื", ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”
06:22
is the word "cartoon" mentioned.
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”" ืื™ื ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช.
06:24
The word "idea drawings," and that's the sine qua non of New Yorker cartoons.
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืจื™ื", ื•ืืœื• ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืœืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ.
06:29
So what is an idea drawing? An idea drawing is something
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ืื– ืžื” ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ? ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื•
06:33
that requires you to think.
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ืฉืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืชืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘.
06:36
Now that's not a cartoon. It requires thinking
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ืœื ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”. ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”
06:39
on the part of the cartoonist and thinking on your part
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ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืื™ื™ืจ ื•ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืฆื“ืš
06:42
to make it into a cartoon.
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ืฉื™ื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”.
06:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:50
Here are some, generally you get my cast of cartoon mind.
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ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘.
06:55
"There is no justice in the world. There is some justice in the world. The world is just."
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"ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืฆื“ืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ืฆื“ืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฆื•ื“ืง".
07:01
This is What Lemmings Believe.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืœืžื™ื ื’ื™ื (ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉื—ืง ืžื—ืฉื‘) ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื.
07:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:09
The New Yorker and I, when we made comments,
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ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื•ืื ื™, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ื”ืขืจื•ืช,
07:12
the cartoon carries a certain ambiguity about what it actually is.
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ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืจืžื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื”.
07:17
What is it, the cartoon? Is it really about lemmings?
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ืžื” ื–ื”, ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”? ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืœืžื™ื ื’ื™ื?
07:19
No. It's about us.
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ืœื, ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœื™ื ื•.
07:21
You know, it's my view basically about religion,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ ื“ืช,
07:24
that the real conflict and all the fights between religion
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ืฉื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืชื•ืช
07:29
is who has the best imaginary friend.
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ื”ื•ื ืœืžื™ ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:32
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:37
And this is my most well-known cartoon.
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ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื™.
07:39
"No, Thursday's out. How about never โ€” is never good for you?"
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"ืœื, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™. ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื - ืืฃ ืคืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš?"
07:43
It's been reprinted thousands of times, totally ripped off.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื“ืคืก ืืœืคื™ ืคืขืžื™ื, ื”ื•ืขืชืง
07:45
It's even on thongs,
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ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื“ืคืก ืขืœ ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ ื—ื•ื˜ื™ื ื™,
07:48
but compressed to "How about never โ€” is never good for you?"
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ืื‘ืœ ืฆื•ืžืฆื ืœ"ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื - ืืฃ ืคืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš?"
07:54
Now these look like very different forms of humor
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืœื” ื ืจืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ
07:58
but actually they bear a great similarity.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืจื‘.
08:00
In each instance, our expectations are defied.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืžืžื•ืžืฉื•ืช.
08:05
In each instance, the narrative gets switched.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ืžื•ื—ืœืฃ.
08:08
There's an incongruity and a contrast.
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ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื” ื•ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช.
08:11
In "No, Thursday's out. How about never โ€” is never good for you?"
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ื‘"ืœื, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™. ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื - ืืฃ ืคืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš?"
08:14
what you have is the syntax of politeness
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ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื”ื•ื ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื•ืช
08:16
and the message of being rude.
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ื•ืžืกืจ ืฉืœ ื’ืกื•ืช ืจื•ื—.
08:19
That really is how humor works. It's a cognitive synergy
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืš ืฉื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื™ื ืจื’ื™ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช
08:22
where we mash up these two things which don't go together
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ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืชื•ืืžื™ื
08:26
and temporarily in our minds exist.
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ื•ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ืžื ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื ื•.
08:28
He is both being polite and rude.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ ื•ื’ืก ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
08:31
In here, you have the propriety of The New Yorker
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ื›ืืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ
08:34
and the vulgarity of the language.
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ื•ื”ื•ื•ืœื’ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื”.
08:36
Basically, that's the way humor works.
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ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ, ื–ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื” ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“.
08:38
So I'm a humor analyst, you would say.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืื ืœื™ืกื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ.
08:41
Now E.B. White said, analyzing humor is like dissecting a frog.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื.ื‘. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืืžืจ, ืœื ืชื— ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœืคืจืง ืฆืคืจื“ืข.
08:44
Nobody is much interested, and the frog dies.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืข ืžืชื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ.
08:47
Well, I'm going to kill a few, but there won't be any genocide.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ื›ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’'ื ื•ืกื™ื™ื“.
08:52
But really, it makes me โ€”
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช, ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื™ --
08:54
Let's look at this picture. This is an interesting picture,
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ื‘ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช. ื–ืืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช,
08:56
The Laughing Audience.
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ื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ืฆื•ื—ืง.
08:58
There are the people, fops up there,
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ื™ืฉื ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ื”ืžื’ื•ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื”,
08:59
but everybody is laughing, everybody is laughing
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื•ืœื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื, ื›ื•ืœื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื
09:02
except one guy.
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ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ื“.
09:05
This guy. Who is he? He's the critic.
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ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ืžื™ ื”ื•ื? ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ.
09:09
He's the critic of humor,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ,
09:12
and really I'm forced to be in that position,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื ื™ ื ืืœืฅ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช,
09:15
when I'm at The New Yorker, and that's the danger
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”
09:18
that I will become this guy.
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ืฉืื ื™ ืื”ืคื•ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
09:23
Now here's a little video made by Matt Diffee, sort of
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ื” ืกืจื˜ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืื˜ ื“ื™ืคื™, ืฉืžืจืื”
09:26
how they imagine if we really exaggerated that.
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ืื™ืš ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื ื‘ืืžืช ื ื’ื–ื™ื ื‘ื–ื”,
09:30
(Video) Bob Mankoff: "Oooh, no.
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ื‘ื•ื‘ ืžื ืงื•ืฃ: "ืื•, ืœื.
09:33
Ehhh.
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(ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื‘) ืื”ื”ื”ื”.
09:36
Oooh. Hmm. Too funny.
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ืื•. ื”ืžืžืžื. ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ืžื“ื™.
09:45
Normally I would but I'm in a pissy mood.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกื›ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ืขืฆื‘ื ื™.
09:49
I'll enjoy it on my own. Perhaps.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื”ื ื” ืžื–ื” ืœื‘ื“. ืื•ืœื™.
09:52
No. Nah. No.
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ืœื, ืœื, ืœื,
09:55
Overdrawn. Underdrawn.
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ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ ืžื“ื™, ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ.
09:58
Drawn just right, still not funny enough.
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ืžืฆื•ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืฆื—ื™ืง.
10:01
No. No.
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ืœื. ืœื.
10:04
For God's sake no, a thousand times no.
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ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฉื ืœื, ืืœืฃ ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื.
10:08
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
10:11
No. No. No. No. No. [Four hours later]
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ืœื. ืœื. ืœื. ืœื. ืœื. [ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช]
10:17
Hey, that's good, yeah, whatcha got there?
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ื”ื™, ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืŸ, ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืฉื?
10:21
Office worker: Got a ham and swiss on rye?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืจื™ืš ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืžืขื•ืฉืŸ? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:23
Office worker: Okay. Pastrami on sourdough?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ืื•ืงื™ื™. ื›ืจื™ืš ืคืกื˜ืจืžื”? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:26
Office worker: Smoked turkey with bacon?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ื”ื•ื“ื• ืžืขื•ืฉืŸ ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:28
Office worker: Falafel?BM: Let me look at it.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ืคืœืืคืœ? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœืจืื•ืช.
10:30
Eh, no.
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ืื”, ืœื.
10:31
Office worker: Grilled cheese?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ื˜ื•ืกื˜ ื’ื‘ื™ื ื”? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:33
Office worker: BLT?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ื›ืจื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืขื’ื‘ื ื™ื”? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:34
Office worker: Black forest ham and mozzarella with apple mustard?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ื›ืจื™ืš ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืžืขื•ืฉืŸ ืขื ืžื•ืฆืจืœื” ื•ื—ืจื“ืœ? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:36
Office worker: Green bean salad?BM: No.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืจื“: ืกืœื˜ ืฉืขื•ืขื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืงื”? ื‘ื•ื‘: ืœื.
10:39
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
10:41
No. No.
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ืœื. ืœื.
10:43
Definitely no. [Several hours after lunch]
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ืžืžืฉ ืœื. [ื›ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืืจื•ื—ืช ืฆื”ืจื™ื]
10:46
(Siren)
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(ืกื™ืจื ื”)
11:08
No. Get out of here.
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ืœื. ืกืข ืžื›ืืŸ.
11:11
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:12
That's sort of an exaggeration of what I do.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื–ืžื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื”.
11:16
Now, we do reject, many, many, many cartoons,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื•ื—ื™ื, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช,
11:19
so many that there are many books called "The Rejection Collection."
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื: "ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ื“ื—ื•ื™ื™ื".
11:22
"The Rejection Collection" is not quite New Yorker kind of humor.
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"ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ื“ื—ื•ื™ื™ื" ืื™ื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืกื•ื’ ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ.
11:26
And you might notice the bum on the sidewalk here
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื‘ืฆืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื›ื” ื›ืืŸ
11:29
who is boozing and his ventriloquist dummy is puking.
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ืฉืฉื•ืชื” ื•ื‘ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื ืฉืœื• ืžืงื™ืื”.
11:33
See, that's probably not going to be New Yorker humor.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ.
11:35
It's actually put together by Matt Diffee, one of our cartoonists.
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ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื•ืคืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืื˜ ื“ื™ืคื™, ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืื™ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
11:38
So I'll give you some examples of rejection collection humor.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืืชื ืœื›ื ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ื“ื—ื•ื™ื™ื.
11:43
"I'm thinking about having a child."
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"ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“". (ืื• ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื™ืœื“)
11:46
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:51
There you have an interesting -- the guilty laugh,
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ื”ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ื”ืืฉื,
11:55
the laugh against your better judgment.
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ื”ืฆื—ื•ืง ืฉืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ื“ืขืชื›ื.
11:58
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:01
"Ass-head. Please help."
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"ืจืืฉ-ืชื—ืช ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขื–ืจื• ืœื™".
12:04
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:06
Now, in fact, within a context of this book,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื”,
12:10
which says, "Cartoons you never saw and never will see
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ืฉื›ื•ืชืจืชื•, "ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืจืื•
12:13
in The New Yorker," this humor is perfect.
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ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ", ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉืœื.
12:16
I'm going to explain why.
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ืื ื™ ืืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžื”.
12:17
There's a concept about humor about it being
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ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืขืœ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
12:19
a benign violation.
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ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
12:21
In other words, for something to be funny, we've got to think
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
12:23
it's both wrong and also okay at the same time.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื’ื ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
12:27
If we think it's completely wrong, we say, "That's not funny."
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ืื ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืืกื•ืจ, ื ืืžืจ, "ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆื—ื™ืง".
12:30
And if it's completely okay, what's the joke? Okay?
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ื•ืื ื–ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ืžื” ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื”? ื˜ื•ื‘?
12:34
And so, this benign, that's true of "No, Thursday's out. How about never โ€” is never good for you?"
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ื•ืื–, ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ, "ืœื, ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื™. ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื - ืืฃ ืคืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš?"
12:39
It's rude. The world really shouldn't be that way.
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ื–ื” ืžื—ื•ืฆืฃ. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœ ื›ื›ื”.
12:41
Within that context, we feel it's okay.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
12:44
So within this context, "Asshead. Please help"
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ืื– ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื”, "ืจืืฉ-ืชื—ืช ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขื–ืจื• ืœื™".
12:47
is a benign violation.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
12:49
Within the context of The New Yorker magazine ...
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ...
12:54
"T-Cell Army: Can the body's immune response
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"ืฆื‘ื ืชืื™ T: ื”ืื ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ
12:57
help treat cancer?" Oh, goodness.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ?" ืื•ื™, ืืœื•ื”ื™ื.
13:01
You're reading about this smart stuff,
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ืืชื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
13:05
this intelligent dissection of the immune system.
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ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ.
13:09
You glance over at this, and it says,
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ืืชื ืžืฆื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ,
13:13
"Asshead. Please help"? God.
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"ืจืืฉ-ืชื—ืช ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขื–ืจื• ืœื™"? ืืœื•ื”ื™ื.
13:18
So there the violation is malign. It doesn't work.
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืžื–ื™ืงื”. ื–ื” ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“.
13:22
There is no such thing as funny in and of itself.
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ืื™ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•.
13:25
Everything will be within the context and our expectations.
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ื”ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
13:29
One way to look at it is this.
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ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืช ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืš.
13:33
It's sort of called a meta-motivational theory about how we look,
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืจืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื,
13:37
a theory about motivation and the mood we're in
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ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ื•ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื
13:39
and how the mood we're in determines the things we like
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ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื
13:42
or dislike.
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ืื• ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื.
13:44
When we're in a playful mood, we want excitement.
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ืฉื˜ื•ืชื™, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
13:48
We want high arousal. We feel excited then.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืื–.
13:51
If we're in a purposeful mood, that makes us anxious.
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ืžื˜ืจืชื™, ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื—ืจื“ื”
13:54
"The Rejection Collection" is absolutely in this field.
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"ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ื“ื—ื•ื™ื™ื" ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
13:59
You want to be stimulated. You want to be aroused.
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ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืžืจื™ืฅ. ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื’ืฉ.
14:02
You want to be transgressed.
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ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื”.
14:06
It's like this, like an amusement park.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื•, ื›ืžื• ืคืืจืง ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื.
14:11
Voice: Here we go. (Screams)
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ืงื•ืœ: ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื. (ืฆืขืงื•ืช)
14:20
He laughs. He is both in danger and safe,
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ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื—ืง. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื›ื ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช,
14:24
incredibly aroused. There's no joke. No joke needed.
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ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื“ื”ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื”.
14:27
If you arouse people enough and get them stimulated enough,
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ืื ืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžืกืคื™ืงื” ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืœืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืžืกืคื™ืง,
14:30
they will laugh at very, very little.
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ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืงื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
14:32
This is another cartoon from "The Rejection Collection."
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืž"ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ื“ื—ื•ื™ื™ื".
14:35
"Too snug?"
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"ืฆืžื•ื“ ืžื“ื™" (ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืจื’ื ื’ื ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืžื“ื™)?
14:39
That's a cartoon about terrorism.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื˜ืจื•ืจื™ื–ื.
14:41
The New Yorker occupies a very different space.
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ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื”.
14:45
It's a space that is playful in its own way, and also purposeful,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื• ืฉื˜ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•, ื•ื’ื ืžื˜ืจืชื™,
14:48
and in that space, the cartoons are different.
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
14:52
Now I'm going to show you cartoons The New Yorker did
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœื›ื ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ืคืจืกื
14:54
right after 9/11, a very, very sensitive area when humor could be used.
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ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”-11 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ. ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ.
14:59
How would The New Yorker attack it?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื™ื™ื’ืฉ ืœื–ื”?
15:00
It would not be with a guy with a bomb saying, "Too snug?"
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืขื ืคืฆืฆื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ "ืฆืžื•ื“ ืžื“ื™?"
15:05
Or there was another cartoon I didn't show because
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ืื• ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœื ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ
15:07
actually I thought maybe people would be offended.
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ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื• ืžืžื ื”.
15:11
The great Sam Gross cartoon, this happened
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ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ืฉืœ ืกืื ื’ืจื•ืก, ื–ื” ืงืจื”
15:15
after the Muhammad controversy where it's Muhammad in heaven,
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ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจืฉืช ืžื•ื—ืžื“, ื‘ื” ืžื•ื—ืžื“ ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ,
15:19
the suicide bomber is all in little pieces,
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ื”ืžื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืžืชืื‘ื“ ืฉื•ื›ื‘ ืžืคื•ื–ืจ ืœื—ืœืงื™ื,
15:21
and he's saying to the suicide bomber,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืžื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืžืชืื‘ื“,
15:24
"You'll get the virgins when we find your penis."
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"ืชืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ืชื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืฉื ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืŸ ืฉืœืš".
15:27
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
15:31
Better left undrawn.
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ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื”.
15:34
The first week we did no cartoons.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื ืคืจืกืžื ื• ืฉื•ื ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช.
15:37
That was a black hole for humor, and correctly so.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ืฆื“ืง.
15:40
It's not always appropriate every time.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ.
15:43
But the next week, this was the first cartoon.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
15:46
"I thought I'd never laugh again. Then I saw your jacket."
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"ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฆื—ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ืื– ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื’'ืงื˜ ืฉืœืš".
15:51
It basically was about, if we were alive,
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ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ, ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
15:54
we were going to laugh. We were going to breathe.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืฆื—ื•ืง. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื ืฉื•ื.
15:56
We were going to exist. Here's another one.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื. ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช.
15:58
"I figure if I don't have that third martini, then the terrorists win."
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"ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ืœื ืืฉืชื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื˜ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืื– ื–ื” ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ืจื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื".
16:03
These cartoons are not about them. They're about us.
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ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ืœื ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื”ื ืขืœื™ื ื•.
16:07
The humor reflects back on us.
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ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœื™ื ื•.
16:09
The easiest thing to do with humor, and it's perfectly legitimate,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ, ื•ื–ื” ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ,
16:13
is a friend makes fun of an enemy.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืฆื•ื—ืง ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘.
16:17
It's called dispositional humor.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืชื™.
16:19
It's 95 percent of the humor. It's not our humor.
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ื–ื” 95 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
16:22
Here's another cartoon.
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ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”.
16:25
"I wouldn't mind living in a fundamentalist Islamic state."
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"ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ืกืœืืžื™ืช ืคื•ื ื“ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ืช".
16:28
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
16:37
Humor does need a target.
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ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืžื˜ืจื”.
16:42
But interestingly, in The New Yorker, the target is us.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ, ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื•.
16:46
The target is the readership and the people who do it.
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืงื”ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื”ืœ ื–ื”.
16:48
The humor is self-reflective
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ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ืขืฆืžื™
16:51
and makes us think about our assumptions.
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ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
16:53
Look at this cartoon by Roz Chast, the guy reading the obituary.
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ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื– ืฆ'ืืกื˜, ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืงื•ืจื ืืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืœ
16:57
"Two years younger than you, 12 years older than you,
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"ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืžืš ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืžืžืš ื‘12 ืฉื ื™ื,
17:00
three years your junior, your age on the dot,
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ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืžืš ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœืš,
17:03
exactly your age."
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœืš".
17:05
That is a deeply profound cartoon.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืžืื•ื“.
17:09
And so The New Yorker is also trying to, in some way,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ืžื ืกื” ื’ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•,
17:13
make cartoons say something besides funny
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืฆื—ื™ืงื”
17:17
and something about us. Here's another one.
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ื•ืืžื™ืจื” ืขืœื™ื ื•. ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช.
17:19
"I started my vegetarianism for health reasons,
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"ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ื‘ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช,
17:21
Then it became a moral choice, and now it's just to annoy people."
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ื•ืื– ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื".
17:25
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
17:30
"Excuse me โ€” I think there's something wrong with this
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"ืกืœื™ื—ื” - ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืงื•ืœืงืœ
17:33
in a tiny way that no one other than me would ever be able to pinpoint."
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ืจื™ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœืžืฆื•ื".
17:39
So it focuses on our obsessions, our narcissism,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื ืจืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
17:43
our foils and our foibles, really not someone else's.
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ื‘ืžื’ืจืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ.
17:47
The New Yorker demands
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ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉ
17:50
some cognitive work on your part,
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ืžืขื˜ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฆื“ื ื•,
17:53
and what it demands is what Arthur Koestler,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืืจืชื•ืจ ืงื•ืกื˜ืœืจ,
17:55
who wrote "The Act of Creation" about the relationship
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ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช "ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”" ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื
17:58
between humor, art and science,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ, ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืข,
18:01
is what's called bisociation.
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ืžื›ื ื” ื‘ื™-ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
18:03
You have to bring together ideas from different frames of reference,
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,
18:06
and you have to do it quickly to understand the cartoon.
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ื•ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”.
18:09
If the different frames of reference don't come together
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ืื ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
18:12
in about .5 seconds, it's not funny,
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›0.5 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆื—ื™ืง.
18:14
but I think they will for you here.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืŸ ื™ืชื—ื‘ืจื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื›ืืŸ.
18:16
Different frames of reference.
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ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
18:18
"You slept with her, didn't you?"
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"ืฉื›ื‘ืช ืืชื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?"
18:21
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
18:26
"Lassie! Get help!!"
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"ืœืืกื™! ืชืฉื™ื’ื™ ืœืขื–ืจื”!!"
18:28
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
18:32
It's called French Army Knife.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช
18:35
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
18:42
And this is Einstein in bed. "To you it was fast."
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ื•ื–ื” ืื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”. "ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœืš".
18:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
18:51
Now there are some cartoons that are puzzling.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉื ื ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืชืžื•ื”ื•ืช.
18:55
Like, this cartoon would puzzle many people.
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ื›ืžื•, ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืžื•ื”ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
18:59
How many people know what this cartoon means?
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ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช?
19:03
The dog is signaling he wants to go for a walk.
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ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืžืกืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ.
19:07
This is the signal for a catcher to walk the dog.
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ื–ื” ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœืชื•ืคืก "ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ" (ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืœ)
19:13
That's why we run a feature in the cartoon issue every year
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”
19:16
called "I Don't Get It: The New Yorker Cartoon I.Q. Test."
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ืฉื ืงืจืืช "ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ: ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”IQ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ".
19:19
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
19:21
The other thing The New Yorker plays around with
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ ืžืฉื—ืง ืืชื• ื”ื•ื
19:23
is incongruity, and incongruity, I've shown you,
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื”, ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื”, ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื,
19:25
is sort of the basis of humor.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ.
19:27
Something that's completely normal or logical isn't going to be funny.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ืื• ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง.
19:30
But the way incongruity works is, observational humor
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื” ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื, ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช
19:34
is humor within the realm of reality.
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ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
19:37
"My boss is always telling me what to do." Okay?
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"ื”ื‘ื•ืก ืฉืœื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช". ืื•ืงื™ื™?
19:42
That could happen. It's humor within the realm of reality.
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช. ื–ื” ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
19:45
Here, cowboy to a cow:
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ื›ืืŸ, ื”ืงืื•ื‘ื•ื™ ืœืคืจื”:
19:47
"Very impressive. I'd like to find 5,000 more like you."
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"ืžืจืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื•ื“ 5,000 ื›ืžื•ืš".
19:52
We understand that. It's absurd. But we're putting the two together.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ื™. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
19:55
Here, in the nonsense range:
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ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื•ื -ืกื ืก:
19:59
"Damn it, Hopkins, didn't you get yesterday's memo?"
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"ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ ื”ื•ืคืงื™ื ืก, ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืืช ื”ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืืชืžื•ืœ?"
20:04
Now that's a little puzzling, right? It doesn't quite come together.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ืชืžื•ื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ.
20:08
In general, people who enjoy more nonsense,
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ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื•ื -ืกื ืก,
20:11
enjoy more abstract art,
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ื ื”ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ืช,
20:13
they tend to be liberal, less conservative, that type of stuff.
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ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืžืจื ื™ื™ื, ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
20:16
But for us, and for me, helping design the humor,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•, ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ืฉืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ,
20:20
it doesn't make any sense to compare one to the other.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
20:22
It's sort of a smorgasbord that's made all interesting.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
20:27
So I want to sum all this up with a caption to a cartoon,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกื›ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืœืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื”,
20:31
and I think this sums up the whole thing, really,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžืกื›ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื‘ืขืฆื.
20:34
about The New Yorker cartoons.
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ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ.
20:36
"It sort of makes you stop and think, doesn't it."
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"ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื’ื•ืจื ืœืš ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื"
20:39
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
20:43
And now, when you look at New Yorker cartoons,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงืจ,
20:45
I'd like you to stop and think a little bit more about them.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืขืฆืจื• ื•ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.
20:47
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
20:48
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
20:52
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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