Can art amend history? | Titus Kaphar

243,727 views ใƒป 2017-08-15

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Alon Alboher ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I love museums.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ื ื™ื.
00:16
Have you guys ever been to the Natural History Museum?
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข?
00:18
In New York City?
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ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง?
00:20
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
00:21
So one of the things that I do is I take my kids to the museum.
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ืื– ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ.
00:27
Recently I took them to the Natural History Museum.
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
00:30
I had my two sons with me, Sabian and Dabith.
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ื”ื™ื• ืื™ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœื™, ืกื‘ื™ืืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืช'.
00:33
And we go into the front entrance of the museum,
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ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ,
00:36
and there's that amazing sculpture of Teddy Roosevelt out there.
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ื•ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื™ืฉ ืคืกืœ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื“ื™ ืจื•ื–ื•ื•ืœื˜.
00:39
You guys know which one I'm talking about.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืคืกืœ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ.
00:41
Teddy Roosevelt is sitting there with one hand on the horse,
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ื˜ื“ื™ ืจื•ื–ื‘ืœื˜ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืก, ื”ืžื•ืฉื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ ืื—ืช,
00:44
bold, strong, sleeves rolled up.
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ืืžื™ืฅ, ื—ื–ืง, ื”ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื• ืžืงื•ืคืœื™ื.
00:47
I don't know if he's bare-chested, but it kind of feels like it.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื”ื—ื–ื” ืฉืœื• ื—ืฉื•ืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื›ื”.
00:50
(Laughter)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ื—ืง)
00:51
And on the left-hand side of him is a Native American walking.
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ื•ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืžืืœ ืฉืœื•, ื”ื•ืœืš ื™ืœื™ื“ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
00:56
And on the right-hand side of him is an African-American walking.
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ื•ื‘ืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ื”ื•ืœืš ืืคืจื™ืงืื™-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
01:01
And as we're moving up the stairs,
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ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืœื”, ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช,
01:05
getting closer to the sculpture,
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ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืกืœ,
01:07
my oldest son, who's nine, says,
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ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™, ื‘ืŸ ื”9, ืื•ืžืจ:
01:10
"Dad, how come he gets to ride,
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"ืื‘ื, ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืก,
01:14
and they have to walk?"
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"ื•ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช?"
01:18
It stopped me in my tracks.
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ื–ื” ืžื™ื“ ืขืฆืจ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
01:20
It stopped me in my tracks.
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ื–ื” ืขืฆืจ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
01:22
There was so much history
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”
01:23
that we would have to go through to try to explain that,
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ืฉื™ื›ืœื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื”,
01:26
and that's something I try to do with them anyways.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืžื ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืชื.
01:30
It's a question that I probably would have never really asked.
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ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืฉืื ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืืœ.
01:34
But fundamentally what he was saying was,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืืžืจ ื”ื•ื:
01:36
"That doesn't look fair.
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"ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ื”ื•ื’ืŸ."
01:38
Dad, that doesn't look fair.
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"ืื‘ื, ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ื”ื•ื’ืŸ."
01:40
And why is this thing that's so not fair
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"ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ืŸ
01:43
sitting outside of such an amazing institution."
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ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื–ื”?"
01:47
And his question got me wondering,
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ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื• ื’ืจืžื” ืœื™ ืœืชื”ื•ืช,
01:49
is there a way for us to amend our public sculptures,
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืกืœื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
01:54
our national monuments?
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ืืช ื”ืื ื“ืจื˜ืื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•?
01:56
Not erase them,
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ืœื ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืื•ืชืŸ,
01:58
but is there a way to amend them?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื“ืจืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ?
02:00
Now, I didn't grow up going to museums.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ื ื™ื.
02:04
That's not my history.
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ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœื™.
02:07
My mother was 15 years old when I was born.
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ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 15 ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™.
02:09
She is amazing.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
02:11
My father was struggling with his own things
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ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ื ืื‘ืง ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืžืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื•
02:14
for most of my life.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื™.
02:17
If you really want to know the truth,
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ืื ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืืžืช,
02:19
the only reason I got into art is because of a woman.
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืืฉื”.
02:23
There was this amazing, amazing, fantastic, beautiful, smart woman,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืฉื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”, ืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ืช, ื™ืคื™ื™ืคื™ื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื”,
02:28
four years older than me,
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ื•ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ืžืžื ื™ ื‘4 ืฉื ื™ื,
02:30
and I wanted to go out with her.
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ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืฆืืช ืื™ืชื”.
02:31
But she said, "You're too young
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”: "ืืชื” ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžื“ื™
02:33
and you're not thinking about your future."
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"ื•ืืชื” ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœืš."
02:35
So I ran on down to the junior college,
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ืื– ืจืฆืชื™ ืœืžื›ื™ื ื” ืืงื“ืžืื™ืช,
02:39
registered for some classes,
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ื•ื ืจืฉืžืชื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืงื•ืจืกื™ื,
02:41
ran on back,
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ื•ืจืฆืชื™ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”,
02:43
and basically was like, "I'm thinking about my future now."
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ื•ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ื–ื”: "ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•."
02:46
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:48
"Can we go out?"
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"ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื ืฆื?"
02:50
For the record, she's even more amazing.
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ืœืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ, ื”ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
02:53
I married her.
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ื”ืชื—ืชื ืชื™ ืื™ืชื”.
02:54
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
03:00
So when I randomly ran down to the junior college
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ืื– ื›ืฉื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืจื ื“ื•ืžืœื™ืช ืจืฆืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืžื›ืœืœื”
03:04
and registered for classes,
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ื•ื ืจืฉืžืชื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืงื•ืจืกื™ื,
03:06
I really wasn't paying attention to what I was registering to.
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ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืฉืžืชื™ ืœื‘ ืœืื™ืœื• ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ืื ื™ ื ืจืฉื.
03:09
(Laughter)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ื—ืง)
03:11
So I ended up with an art history class,
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ืงื•ืจืก ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช,
03:14
and I didn't know a thing about art history.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ืœื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช.
03:17
But something amazing happened when I went into that class.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืงืจื” ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืงื•ืจืก ื”ื–ื”.
03:21
For the first time in my academic career,
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื”ืืงื“ืžืื™ืช ืฉืœื™,
03:25
my visual intelligence was required of me.
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ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื” ื”ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™.
03:28
For the first time.
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
03:30
The professor would put up an image,
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ื”ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื”ืขืœื” ืชืžื•ื ื”,
03:32
bold strokes of blues and yellows, and say, "Who's that?"
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ืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื›ื—ื•ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฆื”ื•ื‘, ื•ืฉืืœ: "ืžื™ ื–ื”?"
03:36
And I'd go, "That's Van Gogh. Clearly that is Van Gogh.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ: "ื•ืืŸ ื’ื•ืš, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื–ื” ื•ืืŸ ื’ื•ืš
03:39
I got this."
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"ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื–ื”."
03:41
(Laughter)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ื—ืง)
03:43
I got a B in that class.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ 80 ื‘ืงื•ืจืก ื”ื–ื”.
03:46
For me, that was amazing.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
03:50
In high school, let's just say I wasn't a great student. OK?
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ื‘ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื˜ื•ื‘?
03:54
In high school, my GPA was .65.
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ื‘ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” 0.65 (ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš ืœ30)
03:56
(Laughter)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ื—ืง)
03:58
Decimal point first, six five.
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ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืขืฉืจื•ื ื™ืช ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉืฉ ื•ื—ืžืฉ.
04:02
So me getting a B was huge, huge,
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ืื– ื›ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ 80 ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื ืง, ืขื ืง,
04:06
absolutely huge.
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ืžืžืฉ ืขื ืง.
04:08
And because of the fact that I realized that I was able to learn things visually
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ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช
04:13
that I couldn't learn in other ways,
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ืฉืœื ื™ื›ืœืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช,
04:15
this became my strategy, this became my tactic
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ื–ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื™, ื–ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื™
04:18
for understanding everything else.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:21
I wanted to stay in this relationship. Things were going well.
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื–ื•. ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช.
04:24
I decided, let me keep taking these art history classes.
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ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™, ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช.
04:27
One of the last art history classes, I will not forget, I will never forget.
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ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืื ื™ ืœื ืืฉื›ื—, ืื ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืืฉื›ื—.
04:30
It was one of those survey art history classes.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžืงื•ืจืกื™ ืกื™ืงื•ืจ ืฉื›ืืœื”.
04:33
Anybody ever have one of those survey art history classes,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื™ ืคืขื ืขื‘ืจ ืืช ืื—ื“ ืžืงื•ืจืกื™ ื”ืกื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ืืœื”,
04:35
where they try to teach you the entire history of art
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ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช
04:38
in a single semester?
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ื‘ืกืžืกื˜ืจ ืื—ื“?
04:40
I'm talking about cave paintings and Jackson Pollock
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ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ืžืขืจื•ืช ื•ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ืคื•ืœื•ืง
04:45
just crunched together all in the same --
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื—ื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ --
04:47
It doesn't really work, but they try anyway.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”.
04:51
Well, at the beginning of the semester,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืกืžืกื˜ืจ,
04:54
I looked at the book,
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ,
04:55
and in this 400-page book was about a 14-page section
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ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ 400 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืคืจืง ืฉืœ 14 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื
04:59
that was on black people in painting.
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ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื.
05:01
Now, this was a crammed in section
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคืจืง ืžืžืฉ ื“ื—ื•ืก
05:03
that had representations of black people in painting
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื
05:07
and black people who painted.
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ื•ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืฆื™ื™ืจื•.
05:10
It was poorly curated, let's just put it that way.
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ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ืœืฉื”, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื™ื“ ื›ื›ื”.
05:14
(Laughter)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ื—ืง)
05:16
Nonetheless I was really excited about it,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžืžืฉ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื”,
05:19
because in all the other classes that I had,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™,
05:21
we didn't even have that conversation.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ื”ื–ื•.
05:24
We didn't talk about it at all.
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ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
05:27
So imagine my surprise
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ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคืชืขื” ืฉืœื™
05:29
when I get to class
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ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืงื•ืจืก
05:30
and on the day that we're supposed to go over that particular chapter,
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ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื”ื–ื”,
05:35
my professor announces,
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ื”ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื”,
05:37
"We're going to skip this chapter today
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"ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ืœื’ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื,
05:39
because we do not have time to go through it."
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"ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื•."
05:42
"Whoa, I'm sorry, hold on, professor, professor.
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"ื•ื•ื”ื•, ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ืขืฆืจื™ ืจื’ืข, ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ, ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ.
05:45
I'm sorry. This is a really important chapter to me.
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"ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืคืจืง ืžืžืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™."
05:49
Are we going to go over it at any point?"
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"ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•?"
05:51
"Titus, we don't have time for this."
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"ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœื–ื”."
05:53
"I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry,
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"ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ, ืกืœื™ื—ื”, ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ,
05:55
please, I really need to understand.
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"ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ."
05:57
Clearly the author thinks that this is significant.
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"ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคืจ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืคืจืง ื”ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘."
05:59
Why are we skipping over this?"
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"ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ืœื’ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•?"
06:01
"Titus, I do not have time for this."
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"ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก, ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื–ื”."
06:03
"OK, last question, I'm really sorry here.
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"ืื•.ืงื™ื™, ืฉืืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ.
06:05
When can we talk, because we need to talk."
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"ืžืชื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ? ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ."
06:07
(Laughter)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ื—ืง)
06:09
I went to her office hours.
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื”.
06:11
I ended up getting kicked out of her office.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื˜ื” ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”.
06:14
I went to the dean.
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื“ื™ืงืŸ.
06:15
The dean finally told me, "I can't force her to teach anything."
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืืžืจ ืœื™: "ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื— ืื•ืชื” ืœืœืžื“ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ."
06:18
And I knew in that moment if I wanted to understand this history,
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ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื”ื–ื”, ืฉืื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
06:22
if I wanted to understand the roles of those folks who had to walk,
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ืื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช,
06:27
I was probably going to have to figure that out myself.
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ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
06:33
So ...
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ืื–...
06:39
above you right here on the slide
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ืžืขืœื™ื›ื, ืžืžืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื’ืช
06:43
is a painting by Frans Hals.
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ื ืžืฆื ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืฅ ื”ืœืก.
06:47
This is one of the kinds of images
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ื–ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช
06:51
that was in that chapter.
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื”ื•ื.
06:55
I taught myself how to paint
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ืœื™ืžื“ืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืื™ืš ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ
06:57
by going to museums and looking at images like this.
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ืข"ื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืืœื•.
07:03
I want to show you something.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื•.
07:17
I made this.
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ืื ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”.
07:20
I --
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ืื ื™ --
07:21
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
07:22
I made some alterations.
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ืื ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
07:24
You'll see there are some slight differences in the painting.
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ืืชื ืชืจืื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.
07:28
All this art history that I had been absorbing
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ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืกืคื’ืชื™
07:33
helped me to realize that painting is a language.
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ืขื–ืจื” ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืคื”.
07:41
There is a reason
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ
07:47
why he is the highest in the composition here.
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ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืžืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ.
07:57
There is a reason
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ
08:01
why the painter is showing us this gold necklace here.
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ืœืžื” ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ืืช ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืคื”.
08:08
He's trying to tell us something about the economic status
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ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™
08:11
of these people in these paintings.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
08:16
Painting is a visual language
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ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืคื” ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช
08:20
where everything in the painting
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ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ
08:23
is meaningful, is important.
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
08:26
It's coded.
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ื–ื” ืงื•ื“.
08:32
But sometimes, because of the compositional structure,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืžืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื”,
08:35
because of compositional hierarchy,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืžืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื”,
08:38
it's hard to see other things.
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ืงืฉื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
08:56
This silk is supposed to tell us also that they have quite a bit of money.
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ื”ืžืฉื™ ื”ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื ื• ืฉื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื›ืกืฃ.
09:02
There's more written
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ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื
09:04
about dogs in art history
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ืขืœ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช
09:08
than there are about this other character here.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืืŸ.
09:13
Historically speaking, in research on these kinds of paintings,
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”,
09:16
I can find out more about the lace
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืจื”
09:20
that the woman is wearing in this painting --
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ืฉื”ืืฉื” ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช --
09:23
the manufacturer of the lace -- than I can about this character here,
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ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ืจื” -- ืžืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื›ืืŸ,
09:27
about his dreams, about his hopes,
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ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื•,
09:30
about what he wanted out of life.
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
09:35
I want to show you something.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื•.
09:39
I don't want you to think
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื—ืฉื‘ื•
09:40
that this is about eradication.
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ืฉื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขืงื™ืจื”.
09:44
It's not.
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ื–ื” ืœื.
09:46
The oil that you saw me just put inside of this paint
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ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืจืื™ืชื ืื•ืชื™ ืฉื ื›ืจื’ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื–ื”
09:50
is linseed oil.
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ื–ื” ืฉืžืŸ ื–ืจืขื™ ืคืฉืชืŸ.
09:51
It becomes transparent over time,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืฉืงื•ืฃ ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
09:54
so eventually what's going to happen
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ืฉื™ืงืจื”
09:57
is these faces
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ื–ื” ืฉื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ืืœื•
10:00
will emerge a little bit.
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ื™ืฆื•ืฆื• ืงืฆืช.
10:04
What I'm trying to do,
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
10:06
what I'm trying to show you,
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื,
10:08
is how to shift your gaze just slightly,
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ื–ื” ืื™ืš ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื›ื ืงืฆืช,
10:11
just momentarily,
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ืจืง ืœืจื’ืข,
10:13
just momentarily,
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ืจืง ืœืจื’ืข,
10:14
to ask yourself the question,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”,
10:18
why do some have to walk?
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ืœืžื” ื—ืœืง ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœ?
10:20
What is the impact of these kinds of sculptures at museums?
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ืžื” ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืคืกืœื™ื ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ?
10:24
What is the impact of these kinds of paintings
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ืžื” ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื”
10:28
on some of our most vulnerable in society,
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ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืืœื• ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•,
10:30
seeing these kinds of depictions of themselves all the time?
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ?
10:34
I'm not saying erase it.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื ืกื” ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื–ื”.
10:36
We can't erase this history.
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
10:39
It's real. We have to know it.
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ื–ื” ืืžื™ืชื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื”.
10:41
I think of it in the same way
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฆื•ืจื”
10:43
we think of --
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ --
10:47
Let me step back a second.
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ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ืจื’ืข.
10:49
You remember old-school cameras,
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ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ,
10:52
where when you took a picture, you actually had to focus. Right?
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ื›ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื ืœืฆืœื ืชืžื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœืžืงื“ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
10:55
You'd put the camera up,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืจื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื”,
10:56
and if I wanted you in focus,
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ื•ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืืชื ืชื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืคื•ืงื•ืก,
10:58
I would move the lens a little to the left
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื“ืฉื” ืงืฆืช ืœืฉืžืืœ
11:00
and you would come forward.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืงืจื‘ ืืชื›ื ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
11:02
I could move the lens a little to the right,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื“ืฉื” ืงืฆืช ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ,
11:04
and you would go back and the folks in the background would come out.
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ื•ืืชื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืื—ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืจืงืข ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื.
11:07
I'm just trying to do that here.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืกื”"ื› ืžื ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ.
11:09
I'm trying to give you that opportunity.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช.
11:13
I'm trying to answer that question
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืชืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื”
11:15
that my son had.
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ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืฉืืœ.
11:19
I want to make paintings,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื,
11:21
I want to make sculptures
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืคืกืœ ืคืกืœื™ื,
11:24
that are honest,
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ืฉื”ื ื›ื ื™ื.
11:26
that wrestle with the struggles of our past
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ืฉื ืื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ
11:31
but speak to the diversity and the advances of our present.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื”.
11:36
And we can't do that by taking an eraser and getting rid of stuff.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ืงื— ืžื—ืง, ื•ื ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
11:39
That's just not going to work.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
11:41
I think that we should do it in the same way
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ื“ืจืš
11:43
the American Constitution works.
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ืฉื‘ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
11:45
When we have a situation
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ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืฆื‘
11:46
where we want to change a law in the American Constitution,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื—ื•ืงื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช,
11:50
we don't erase the other one.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื•ื—ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืื—ืจ.
11:53
Alongside that is an amendment,
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ืœื™ื“ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืžื™ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ,
11:55
something that says,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ,
11:56
"This is where we were, but this is where we are right now."
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"ืฉื ื–ื” ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ื•ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ืคื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•"
12:01
I figure if we can do that,
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”,
12:03
then that will help us understand a little bit
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ืื– ื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืฆืช
12:06
about where we're going.
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ืœืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื.
12:38
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
12:39
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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