5 ways to lead in an era of constant change | Jim Hemerling

467,410 views ・ 2016-11-03

TED


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Prevoditelj: Igor Pureta Recezent: Ivan Stamenković
00:12
Have you ever noticed when you ask someone to talk
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Jeste li primijetili kako su neki ljudi, kada ih
00:15
about a change they're making for the better in their personal lives,
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zamolite da pričaju o promjenama koje rade kako bi unaprijedili
00:18
they're often really energetic?
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svoj privatni život, vrlo energični?
00:21
Whether it's training for a marathon,
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Bez obzira radi li se o treningu za maraton,
00:23
picking up an old hobby,
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bavljenju hobijem
00:24
or learning a new skill,
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ili učenju nove vještine,
00:26
for most people,
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za većinu ljudi
00:27
self-transformation projects occupy a very positive emotional space.
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projekti osobne transformacije zauzimaju vrlo pozitivan emocionani prostor.
00:33
Self-transformation is empowering,
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Osobna transformacija osnažuje,
00:36
energizing, even exhilarating.
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puni nas energijom, pa čak i čini živima.
00:38
I mean just take a look at some of the titles of self-help books:
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Pogledajte samo nazive knjiga za samopomoć:
00:42
"Awaken the Giant Within,"
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"Probudite diva u sebi,"
00:45
"Practicing the Power of Now,"
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"Prakticirajte moć sada,"
00:47
or here's a great one we can all relate to,
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ili ova s kojom se svi možemo povezati
00:50
"You are a Badass:
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"Prava si faca:
00:52
How to Stop Doubting Your Greatness and Start Living an Awesome Life."
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kako prestati sumnjati u svoju veličinu i početi živjeti fantastičan život."
00:57
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:00
When it comes to self-transformation,
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Kada se radi o osobnoj transformaciji
01:03
you can't help but get a sense of the excitement.
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teško je izbjeći uzbuđenje.
01:08
But there's another type of transformation
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No, postoji i druga vrsta transformacije
01:12
that occupies a very different emotional space.
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koja zauzima vrlo različit emocionalni prostor.
01:16
The transformation of organizations.
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Transformacija organizacija.
01:19
If you're like most people,
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Ako ste kao i većina ljudi
01:21
when you hear the words "Our organization is going to start a transformation,"
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kad čujete riječi "Naša će organizacija biti transformirana,"
01:25
you're thinking, "Uh-oh."
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pomislit ćete "O, o..."
01:27
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:28
"Layoffs."
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"Otkazi."
01:30
The blood drains from your face,
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Lice će vam izgubiti boju,
01:32
your mind goes into overdrive,
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mozak će prebaciti u sedmu brzinu,
01:35
frantically searching for some place to run and hide.
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očajnički tražeći mjesto na koje ćete se moći sakriti.
01:40
Well, you can run,
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Mislim, možete trčati,
01:41
but you really can't hide.
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ali se ne možete zaista sakriti.
01:44
Most of us spend the majority of our waking hours
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Većina nas provodi glavninu naših budnih sati
01:47
involved in organizations.
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uvučeni u organizaciju.
01:49
And due to changes in globalization,
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I zahvaljujući globalizacijskim promjenama,
01:52
changes due to advances in technology
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tehnološkom napretku
01:54
and other factors,
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i drugim faktorima,
01:56
the reality is our organizations are constantly having to adapt.
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stvarnost je da se naše organizacije stalno trebaju prilagođavati.
02:02
In fact,
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U stvari,
02:03
I call this the era of "always-on" transformation.
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nazivam ovo doba "stalnom" transformacijom.
02:09
When I shared this idea with my wife Nicola,
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Kada sam podijelio ovu ideju sa suprugom Nicolom
02:11
she said, "Always-on transformation?
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ona je rekla: "Stalna transformacija?
02:14
That sounds exhausting."
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To zvuči iscrpljujuće."
02:17
And that may be exactly what you're thinking --
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I to ste možda pomislili i vi
02:19
and you would be right.
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i bili biste u pravu.
02:21
Particularly if we continue to approach the transformation of organizations
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Naročito ako nastavimo pristupati transformacijama organizacija
02:26
the way we always have been.
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na isti način kao i do sada.
02:28
But because we can't hide,
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Kako se ne možemo sakriti
02:31
we need to sort out two things.
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trebamo odgovoriti na dva pitanja.
02:33
First,
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Prvo,
02:34
why is transformation so exhausting?
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zašto je transformacija iscrpljujuća?
02:37
And second, how do we fix it?
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I drugo, kako to možemo promijeniti?
02:41
First of all,
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Najprije
02:42
let's acknowledge that change is hard.
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prihvatimo da je promjena teška.
02:45
People naturally resist change,
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Ljudi se prirodno odupiru promjeni,
02:47
especially when it's imposed on them.
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posebno kada im je nametnuta.
02:51
But there are things that organizations do that make change even harder
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A postoje stvari koje organizacije rade i koje promjenu ljudima čine još težom
02:55
and more exhausting for people than it needs to be.
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i iscrpljujućom nego što bi trebala biti.
02:59
First of all,
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Prvo,
03:00
leaders often wait too long to act.
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rukovoditelji često odugovlače s akcijom dulje nego je to potrebno.
03:05
As a result,
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I kao rezultat toga
03:06
everything is happening in crisis mode.
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sve što se dešava ima oznaku krize.
03:10
Which, of course, tends to be exhausting.
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Što, naravno, naginje k iscrpljivanju.
03:13
Or, given the urgency,
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Ili će se, obzirom na hitnost
03:16
what they'll do is they'll just focus on the short-term results,
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fokusirati samo na kratkotrajne rezultate,
03:21
but that doesn't give any hope for the future.
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što opet ne daje nikakvu nadu za budućnost.
03:24
Or they'll just take a superficial, one-off approach,
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Ili će samo poduzeti površan jednostran pristup
03:29
hoping that they can return back to business as usual
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nadajući se da će se moći vratiti uobičajenom poslovanju
03:33
as soon as the crisis is over.
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čim kriza prestane.
03:37
This kind of approach
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Ovakav pristup je prilično
03:38
is kind of the way some students approach preparing for standardized tests.
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sličan načinu na koji se neki studenti pripremaju za standardnizirane ispite.
03:46
In order to get test scores to go up,
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Kako postigli što bolji rezultat na testu,
03:49
teachers will end up teaching to the test.
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učitelji će završiti pripremajući učenike za test.
03:53
Now, that approach can work;
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Takav pristup može funkcionirati
03:54
test results often do go up.
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i rezultati testa će biti bolji.
03:56
But it fails the fundamental goal of education:
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Tako se zanemaruje osnovni cilj obrazovanja:
04:00
to prepare students to succeed over the long term.
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pripremiti studente na uspjeh na dugi rok.
04:06
So given these obstacles,
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Imajući u vidu ove prepreke
04:10
what can we do
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što možemo učiniti
04:12
to transform the way we transform organizations
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kako bismo promijenili način na koji mijenjamo organizacije
04:15
so rather than being exhausting,
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kako bi nas umjesto iscrpljivanja
04:18
it's actually empowering and energizing?
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punile energijom i osnaživale?
04:22
To do that, we need to focus on five strategic imperatives,
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Da bismo to postigli trebamo se fokusirati na pet strateških zapovijedi,
04:27
all of which have one thing in common:
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koje sve imaju nešto zajedničko:
04:29
putting people first.
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ljudi su na prvom mjestu.
04:33
The first imperative for putting people first
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Prva zapovjed da nam ljudi budu na prvom mjestu
04:35
is to inspire through purpose.
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je da nadahnjujemo namjerom.
04:38
Most transformations have financial and operational goals.
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Najveći broj promjena ima finacijske i operativne ciljeve.
04:41
These are important and they can be energizing to leaders,
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Oni su važni i mogu davati energiju rukovoditeljima,
04:46
but they tend not to be very motivating to most people in the organization.
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a naginju k tome da su vrlo demotivirajuće za većinu ljudi u organizaciji.
04:50
To motivate more broadly,
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Postavimo to puno šire,
04:52
the transformation needs to connect with a deeper sense of purpose.
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promjena treba biti povezana sa dubljim smislom namjere.
04:57
Take LEGO.
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Uzmimo za primer LEGO.
04:59
The LEGO Group has become an extraordinary global company.
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LEGO Grupa je postala jedno izvrsno globalno poduzeće.
05:04
Under their very capable leadership,
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Pod njenim vrlo sposobnim vodstvom,
05:06
they've actually undergone a series of transformations.
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oni su zapravo prošli seriju transformacija.
05:09
While each of these has had a very specific focus,
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I dok je svaka od njih imala svoj vrlo specifičan fokus,
05:13
the North Star,
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zvijezdu Sjevernjaču
05:14
linking and guiding all of them,
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koja povezuje i vodi sve promjene,
05:16
has been Lego's powerful purpose:
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i koja je prava namjera LEGO-a:
05:19
inspire and develop the builders of tomorrow.
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inspirirati i razviti graditelje budućnosti.
05:24
Expanding globally?
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Proširiti se globalno?
05:26
It's not about increasing sales,
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Ovdje se ne radi o povećanju prodaje
05:28
but about giving millions of additional children access to LEGO building bricks.
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već od stavljanju na raspolaganje LEGO kocaka milijunima djece.
05:33
Investment and innovation?
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Ulaganje i inovacija?
05:35
It's not about developing new products,
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Ne radi se o razvoju novih proizvoda
05:38
but about enabling more children
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već o načinu da više djece
05:40
to experience the joy of learning through play.
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osjeti veselje učenja kroz igru.
05:45
Not surprisingly,
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Nije iznenađenje
05:47
that deep sense of purpose tends to be highly motivating to LEGO's people.
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da je duboki smisao namjere vrlo motivirajuć za LEGO radnike.
05:54
The second imperative for putting people first
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Drugi zakon za stavljanje ljudi na prvo mjesto
05:57
is to go all in.
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je da treba ići punom snagom.
06:00
Too many transformations
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Previše transformacija
06:01
are nothing more than head-count cutting exercises;
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je završilo kao vježba za smanjenje radne snage;
06:05
layoffs under the guise of transformation.
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otkazi pod krinkom transformacije.
06:09
In the face of relentless competition,
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Pred licem nemilosrdne konkurencije
06:12
it may well be that you will have to take the painful decision
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lako se može dogoditi da donesete bolnu odluku
06:16
to downsize the organization,
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o smanjivanju broja radnika
06:18
just as you may have to lose some weight in order to run a marathon.
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baš kao i onu da izgubite nešto kilograma kako biste trčali maraton
06:24
But losing weight alone
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No, sami gubitak težine
06:25
will not get you across the finish line with a winning time.
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neće vas donijeti do ciljne trake s pobjedničkim vremenom
06:28
To win
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Za pobjedu je potrebno
06:30
you need to go all in.
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uložiti sve.
06:32
You need to go all in.
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Morate uložiti sve.
06:37
Rather than just cutting costs,
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Umjesto da samo režete troškove
06:39
you need to think about initiatives
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trebate misliti o inicijativama
06:42
that will enable you to win in the medium term,
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koje će vam omogućiti pobjedu na duži rok,
06:44
initiatives to drive growth,
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inicijativama koje će potaknuti rast,
06:46
actions that will fundamentally change the way the company operates,
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akcije koje će u osnovi promijeniti način na koji poduzeće posluje,
06:51
and very importantly,
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i vrlo važno,
06:52
investments to develop the leadership and the talent.
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investicijama u razvoj rukovoditelja i talenata.
06:58
The third imperative for putting people first
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Treća zapovijed za stavljanje ljudi na prvo mjesto
07:02
is to enable people with the capabilities
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je aktivirati ljude sa sposobnostima
07:05
that they need to succeed during the transformation and beyond.
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koje vam trebaju za uspjeh tijekom transformacije pa i kasnije.
07:12
Over the years I've competed in a number of triathlons.
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Tijekom godina sam nastupao na brojnim triatlonima.
07:16
You know, frankly, I'm not that good,
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Znate, iskreno, nisam baš tako dobar, a
07:18
but I do have one distinct capability;
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ipak imam jednu iznimnu sposobnost;
07:22
I am remarkably fast at finding my bike.
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Iznimno brzo mogu pronaći svoj bicikl.
07:26
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:28
By the time I finish the swim,
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Dok ja završim s plivanjem,
07:30
almost all the bikes are already gone.
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svi ostali bicikli su već otišli.
07:32
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:36
Real triathletes know that each leg --
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Pravi triatlonci znaju da svaki dio --
07:40
the swim, the bike, the run --
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plivanje, bicikl, trčanje --
07:42
really requires different capabilities,
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zahtijevaju različite sposobnosti,
07:44
different tools,
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različite alate,
07:45
different skills, different techniques.
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različite vještine, različite tehnike.
07:48
Likewise when we transform organizations,
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Slično tome, kad transformiramo organizaciju
07:50
we need to be sure that we're giving our people
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trebamo biti sigurni da dajemo svojim ljudima
07:53
the skills and the tools they need along the way.
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vještine i alate koji su im potrebni tijekom transformacije.
07:58
Chronos,
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Chronos,
07:59
a global software company,
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globalno poduzeće
08:01
recognized the need to transfer from building products --
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prepoznalo je potrebu da se transformira iz proizvođača proizvoda --
08:06
software products --
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softverskih proizvoda --
08:08
to building software as a service.
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u proizvođača softvera kao usluge.
08:11
To enable its people to take that transformation,
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Kako bi omogućili svojim ljudima da pokrenu tu transformaciju
08:15
first of all they invested in new tools
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najprije su uložili u nove alate
08:17
that would enable their employees to monitor the usage of the features
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koje će omogućiti njihovim radnicima nadgledanje korištenje sadržaja
08:22
as well as customer satisfaction with the new service.
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kao i zadovoljstvo kupaca s novom uslugom.
08:26
They also invested in skill development,
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Uložili su u razvoj vještina
08:30
so that their employees would be able
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kako bi njihovim radnicima omogućili
08:31
to resolve customer service problems on the spot.
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rješavanje problema klijenata na licu mjesta.
08:34
And very importantly,
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I jako važno,
08:36
they also reinforced the collaborative behaviors that would be required
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osnažili su suradničko ponašanje koje je potrebno
08:39
to deliver an end-to-end seamless customer experience.
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za isporuku potpunog i izvanrednog iskustva klijenata.
08:44
Because of these investments,
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Zbog tih ulaganja su se
08:46
rather than feeling overwhelmed by the transformation,
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Chronosovi radnici tijekom transformacije, umjesto preplavljeno,
08:49
Chronos employees actually felt energized
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osjećali ispunjeni energijom i
08:52
and empowered in their new roles.
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osnaženo u svojim novim ulogama.
08:56
In the era of "always-on" transformation,
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U doba "stalne" transformacije
08:58
change is a constant.
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promjena je stalna.
08:59
My fourth imperative therefore
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Moja peta zapovjed je stoga
09:01
is to instill a culture of continuous learning.
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sijati kulturu stalnog učenja.
09:06
When Satya Nadella became the CEO of Microsoft
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Kad je Satya Nadella postao CEO Microsofta
09:09
in February 2014,
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u veljači 2014.
09:11
he embarked on an ambitious transformation journey
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otisnuo se na ambiciozno transformacijsko putovanje kako bi pripremio
09:14
to prepare the company to compete in a mobile-first, cloud-first world.
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poduzeće na konkurenciju u svijetu gdje podaci trebaju biti stalno dostupni.
09:19
This included changes to strategy,
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To je uključivalo promjene u strategiji,
09:21
the organization
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organizaciji
09:23
and very importantly, the culture.
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i što je još važnije, kulturi.
09:26
Microsoft's culture at the time was one of silos and internal competition --
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Microsoftova kultura je u to doba bila razdijeljena u odjele i međusobnoj
09:31
not exactly conducive to learning.
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konkurenciji što nije baš poticajno za učenje.
09:34
Nadella took this head-on.
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Nadella je sve uložio u to.
09:37
He rallied his leadership around his vision
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Spojio je svoje vodstvo s vizijom
09:41
for a living, learning culture,
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žive, učeće kulture
09:44
shifting from a fixed mindset,
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pomičući je iz fiksiranog načina razmišljanja
09:46
where your role was to show up as the smartest person in the room,
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gdje je uloga pojedinca bila pokazati se najpametnijim u sobi
09:50
to a growth mindset,
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u stav da je rast važan
09:51
where your role was to listen, to learn and to bring out the best in people.
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i gdje je uloga pojedinca da sluša, uči i izvuče ono najbolje iz ljudi.
09:58
Well, early days,
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Već u početku
10:00
Microsoft employees already noticed this shift in the culture --
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su Microsoftovi radnici uočili promjenu u kulturi --
10:04
clear evidence of Microsoft putting people first.
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jasan dokaz da Microsoft stavlja ljude na prvo mjesto.
10:08
My fifth and final imperative is specifically for leaders.
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Moja peta i zadnja zapovijed je posebno za rukovoditelje.
10:13
In a transformation,
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Tijekom transformacije,
10:14
a leader needs to have a vision,
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rukovoditelj treba imati viziju,
10:17
a clear road map with milestones,
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jasan put s međuciljevima
10:20
and then you need to hold people accountable for results.
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i tada trebate ljude držati odgovornima za rezultat.
10:25
In other words, you need to be directive.
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Drugim riječima, trebate davati uputstva.
10:28
But in order to capture the hearts and minds of people,
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I da bi privukli srca i misli ljudi
10:31
you also need to be inclusive.
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trebate biti sveobuhvatni.
10:34
Inclusive leadership is critical to putting people first.
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Sveobuhvatno rukovođenje je kritično za stavljanje ljudi na prvo mjesto.
10:39
I live in the San Francisco Bay area.
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Živim u području San Francisco Bay.
10:42
And right now,
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I upravo sada,
10:43
our basketball team is the best in the league.
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naša košarkaška momčad je najbolja u ligi
10:46
We won the 2015 championship,
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Osvojili smo prvenstvo 2015.
10:49
and we're favored to win again this year.
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i imamo velike šanse osvojiti ga i ove godine.
10:52
There are many explanations for this.
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Mnogo je objašnjenja za to.
10:54
They have some fabulous players,
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Imaju stvarno nevjerojatne igrače,
10:57
but one of the key reasons
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a jedan od ključnih razloga
10:58
is their head coach, Steve Kerr, is an inclusive leader.
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je njihov glavni trener, Steve Ker jedan sveobuhvatni voditelj.
11:05
When Kerr came to the Warriors in 2014,
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Kada je Kerr pristupio Warriorsima 2014.
11:08
the Warriors were looking for a major transformation.
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oni su bili spremni za generalnu transformaciju.
11:11
They hadn't won a national championship since 1975.
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Nisu osvojili prvenstvo od 1975.
11:17
Kerr came in, and he had a clear vision,
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Kerr je došao i imao je jasnu viziju
11:20
and he immediately got to work.
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i odmah je prionuo poslu.
11:24
From the outset,
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Od samog početka
11:25
he reached out and engaged the players and the staff.
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posegnuo je za angažmanom igrača i radnika.
11:29
He created an environment of open debate and solicited suggestions.
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Stvorio je okruženje otvorenih razgovora i tražio savjete.
11:35
During games he would often ask,
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Tijekom igre je često pitao:
11:37
"What are you seeing that I'm missing?"
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"VIdite li što ja ne vidim?"
11:40
One the best examples of this came in game four of the 2015 finals.
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Jedan od najboljih primjera takvog stava stigao je u četvrtoj utakmici finala 2015.
11:46
The Warriors were down two games to one
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Warriorsi su već izgubili dvije utakmice
11:49
when Kerr made the decision to change the starting lineup;
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kada je Kerr donio odluku da promijeni startnu petoricu;
11:54
a bold move by any measure.
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Na svaki način hrabar potez.
11:59
The Warriors won the game and went on to win the championship.
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Worriorsi su pobijedili i nastavili niz do osvajanja prvenstva.
12:02
And it is widely viewed
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A taj potez se smatra
12:04
that that move was the pivotal move in their victory.
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onim koji je bio ključan za njihovu pobjedu.
12:09
Interestingly, it wasn't actually Kerr's idea.
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Zanimljivo, to nije bila Kerrova ideja.
12:14
It was the idea of his 28-year-old assistant, Nick U'Ren.
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To je bila ideja njegovog 28-godišnjeg pomoćnika Nick U'Rena.
12:19
Because of Kerr's leadership style,
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Zbog Kerrovog stila rukovođenja,
12:21
U'Ren felt comfortable bringing the idea forward.
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U'Ren se osjećao slobodan iznijeti tu ideju.
12:25
And Kerr not only listened,
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Kerr nije samo slušao,
12:27
but he implemented the idea
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on je tu ideju i primijenio
12:29
and then afterwards,
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i svima pričao da
12:31
gave U'Ren all the credit --
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je U'Ren taj kome pripadaju zasluge --
12:34
actions all consistent with Kerr's highly inclusive approach to leadership.
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što je sve u skladu s Kerrovim sveobuhvatnim pristupom rukovođenju.
12:41
In the era of "always-on" transformation,
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U doba "stalne" transformacije
12:43
organizations are always going to be transforming.
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organizacije će se stalno transformirati.
12:49
But doing so does not have to be exhausting.
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No to ne treba biti iscrpljujuće.
12:54
We owe it to ourselves,
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Mi dugujemo sebi,
12:56
to our organizations
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svojim organizacijama
12:58
and to society more broadly
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i društvu oko nas
13:01
to boldly transform our approach to transformation.
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da hrabro promjenimo naš pristup promjeni.
13:05
To do that,
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Da bismo u tome uspjeli
13:07
we need to start putting people first.
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trebamo početi stavljati ljude na prvo mjesto.
13:11
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
13:13
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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