History vs. Sigmund Freud - Todd Dufresne

2,303,202 views ・ 2020-03-31

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:07
Working in Vienna at the turn of the 20th century,
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20세기에 μ ‘μ–΄λ“œλŠ” μ‹œμ  λΉ„μ—”λ‚˜μ—μ„œ
00:10
he began his career as a neurologist
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹ κ²½ν•™μžλ‘œμ„œ ν™œλ™ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:12
before pioneering the discipline of psychoanalysis.
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μ •μ‹  λΆ„μ„μ˜ κ·œμœ¨λ“€μ„ κ°œμ²™ν•˜κΈ° 전에
00:16
He proposed that people are motivated by unconscious desires
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ  μš•λ§κ³Ό μ–΅λˆŒλ¦° 기얡이
00:20
and repressed memories,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ›€μ§μ΄κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” λ™κΈ°λΌλŠ” μ˜κ²¬μ„ μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³ 
00:22
and their problems can be addressed
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이런 λ¬Έμ œμ μ€ λŒ€ν™” μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μœΌλ‘œ λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ  동기λ₯Ό
00:24
by making those motivations conscious through talk therapy.
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μ˜μ‹μ  λ™κΈ°λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
His influence towers above that of all other psychologists in the public eye.
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λŒ€μ€‘λ“€μ˜ μ‹œμ„ μ—μ„œ 그의 영ν–₯λ ₯은 κ·Έ μ–΄λ–€ μ‹¬λ¦¬ν•™μžλ³΄λ‹€λ„ κ°•ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
But was Sigmund Freud right about human nature?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κ·Έλ¬ΈνŠΈ ν”„λ‘œμ΄λ“œλŠ” μ •λ§λ‘œ 인간 본성에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ˜³μ•˜μ„κΉŒμš”?
00:37
And were his methods scientific?
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λ˜ν•œ 그의 방법듀은 κ³Όν•™μ μ΄μ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
00:39
Order, order. Today on the stand we have… Dad?
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자 μ°©μ„ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 였늘 증인석에 μ˜€μ‹€ 뢄은... 아버지?
00:44
Ahem, no, your honor.
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크흠, μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€, νŒμ‚¬λ‹˜.
00:46
This is Doctor Sigmund Freud,
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이뢄은 μ§€κ·Έλ¬ΈνŠΈ ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈ λ°•μ‚¬λ‹˜μ΄μ‹­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
one of the most innovative thinkers in the history of psychology.
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심리학 μ—­μ‚¬μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 혁λͺ…μ μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ μ‚¬μƒκ°€μ˜€μ£ .
00:52
An egomaniac who propagated pseudoscientific theories.
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사이비 이둠을 퍼뜨린 μžκΈ°μ€‘μ‹¬μ  μΈλ¬Όμ΄μ—ˆμ£ 
00:56
Well, which is it?
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흠, 뭐가 λ§žλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:57
He tackled issues medicine refused to address.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ•½ν•™μ—μ„œ 닀루길 κ±°λΆ€ν–ˆλ˜ μ΄μŠˆλ“€μ— 문제λ₯Ό μ œκΈ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
Freud’s private practice treated women
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μ†Œμœ„ νžˆμŠ€ν…Œλ¦¬λΌλŠ”λ³‘μ„ μ•“λŠ”
01:03
who suffered from what was called hysteria at the time,
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여성듀을 μƒλŒ€λ‘œ 개인 치료 μ‹€μŠ΅μ„ ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λΆˆλ§Œμ€ κ·Έλ‹€μ§€ μ‹¬κ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ°›μ•„λ“€μ—¬μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
and their complaints hadn’t been taken seriously at all.
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01:10
From the women with depression he treated initially
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈκ°€ 초기 μ§„λ£Œν–ˆλ˜ μš°μšΈμ¦μ„ μ•“λ˜ μ—¬μ„±λ“€λΆ€ν„°
01:13
to World War I veterans with PTSD,
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μ „μŸ ν›„μœ μ¦μ„ κ²ͺλŠ” 1μ°¨ 세계 λŒ€μ „ κ΅°μΈλ“€κΉŒμ§€
01:16
Freud’s talking cure worked,
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그의 λŒ€ν™” μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ€ μ„±κ³΅μ μ΄μ—ˆμœΌλ©°
01:19
and the visibility he gave his patients forced the medical establishment
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κ·Έκ°€ ν™˜μžμ—κ²Œ κ±°λ‘” κ°€μ‹œμ  κ²°κ³ΌλŠ”
01:23
to acknowledge their psychological disorders were real.
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μ˜ν•™ μ‹œμ„€λ“€μ΄ 심리μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μ‹€μ œν•œλ‹€κ³  μΈμ •ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ£ .
01:26
He certainly didn’t help all his patients.
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κ·Έκ°€ λͺ¨λ“  ν™˜μžλ₯Ό μΉ˜λ£Œν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
Freud was convinced that our behavior is shaped by
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” 우리의 행동은 λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ  μš•λ§κ³Ό μ–΅λˆŒλ¦° 기얡에
01:32
unconscious urges and repressed memories.
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우리의 행동이 μ •ν•΄μ§„λ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€..
01:35
He invented baseless unconscious or irrational drivers
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κ·ΈλŠ” 트라우마 μƒμ‘΄μžμ˜ 행동 밑바탕엔 κ·Όκ±° μ—†λŠ” λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ  ν˜Ήμ€ 비이성인
01:39
behind the behavior of trauma survivorsβ€” and caused real harm.
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쑰절μž₯μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ°œλ…μ„ λ§Œλ“€κ³  이것은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
How’s that?
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01:44
He misrepresented some of his most famous case studies,
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œμš”? 그의 κ°€μž₯ 유λͺ…ν–ˆλ˜ 연ꡬ사둀듀을 μ™œκ³‘ν–ˆκ³ 
01:48
claiming his treatment had cured patients when in fact they had gotten worse.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” ν™˜μžλ“€μ΄ μ•…ν™”λ˜μ—ˆμŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μΉ˜λ£Œκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν–ˆμœΌλ©°
01:53
Later therapists influenced by his theories
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— κ°€μ„œλŠ” 그의 이둠에 영ν–₯을 받은 μΉ˜λ£Œμ‚¬λ“€μ΄
01:56
coaxed their patients into "recovering"
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν™˜μžλ“€μ„ β€œνšŒλ³΅μ€‘β€ 이라고 μ–΄κ±°μ§€λ‘œ κΌ¬λ“œκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
supposedly repressed memories of childhood abuse that never happened.
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μΆ”μ •μ»¨λŒ€ μ–΄λ¦° μ‹œμ ˆμ˜ μ–΅λˆŒλ¦° 기얡듀이 μ „ν˜€ μ—†μ—ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
Lives and families were torn apart.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ‚Άκ³Ό 가쑱이 κ°ˆκ°€λ¦¬ μ°’μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
You can’t blame Freud for later misapplications of his workβ€”
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  후세에 연ꡬλ₯Ό 잘λͺ» μ μš©ν•œ 것을 ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈμ˜ 잘λͺ»μœΌλ‘œ λ³Ό μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
that would be projecting.
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그건 μ±…μž„μ „κ°€μΌ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
Plenty of his ideas were harmful without any misapplication.
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그의 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 아이디어듀은 잘λͺ» 적용된 κ±Έ μ°¨μΉ˜ν•˜κ³ μ„œλΌλ„ μ’‹μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
He viewed homosexuality as a developmental glitch.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 동성애λ₯Ό λ°œλ‹¬μž₯μ• λ‘œ λ³΄μ•˜κ³ 
02:19
He coined the term penis envyβ€”
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νŽ˜λ‹ˆμŠ€ μ„ λ§μ΄λΌλŠ” μš©μ–΄λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
meaning women are haunted for life by their lack of penises.
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여성듀이 νŽ˜λ‹ˆμŠ€κ°€ μ—†λŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 일생 λ™μ•ˆ λΆˆλ§Œμ— μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘ν˜€μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 뜻이죠.
02:25
Freud was a product of his era.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” 그의 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
Yes, some of the specifics were flawed,
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λ„€, 일뢀뢄은 결함이 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜
02:29
but he created a new space for future scientists to explore,
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미래 κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ΄ 더 λ°ν˜€λ‚΄κ³ , μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , 좕적할 수 μžˆλŠ”
02:34
investigate, and build upon.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 지평을 μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
Modern therapy techniques that millions of people rely on
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ˜μ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” ν˜„λŒ€ 치료 κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ€
02:39
came out of the work he started with psychoanalysis.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈκ°€ κ°œμ²™ν–ˆλ˜ μ‹¬λ¦¬λΆ„μ„μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¨ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
And today everyone knows there’s an unconsciousβ€”
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그리고 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ•„λŠ” λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ΄λΌλŠ” κ°œλ…λ„
02:46
that idea was popularized Freud.
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κ·Έκ°€ λŒ€μ€‘ν™” μ‹œν‚¨ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
Psychologists today only believe in a β€œcognitive unconscious,”
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ‹¬λ¦¬ν•™μžλ“€μ€ μ˜€λ‘œμ§€ β€œμΈμ§€μ  λ¬΄μ˜μ‹β€œμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒλ§Œ μ‹ λ΄‰ν•˜λŠ”λ°
02:53
the fact that you aren’t aware of everything going on at a given moment.
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μ΄λŠ” κ·Έ μˆœκ°„μ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  것을 μΈμ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
Freud took this idea way too far, ascribing deep meaning to everything.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” κ·Έ κ°œλ…μ„ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ“  것에 μ μš©ν•΄ λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€..
03:02
He built his theories on scientific ideas that were outdated even in his own time,
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κ·Έκ°€ μŒ“μ€ 업적듀이 κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ 과학적 κ°œλ…λ“€ μ—­μ‹œ ν˜„λŒ€ κΈ°μ€€λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:07
not just by today’s standardsβ€”
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κ·Έκ°€ μ‚΄λ˜ μ‹œλŒ€μ—μ„œ μ‘°μ°¨ κ΅¬μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬κ²¨μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
for example, he thought individual psychology
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, κ·ΈλŠ” κ°œμΈμ‹¬λ¦¬ν•™μ΄λž€ 것은
03:12
is derived from the biological inheritance of events in ancient history.
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κ³ λŒ€ 역사적 μ‚¬κ±΄μ˜ 생물학적 μœ μ „μ—μ„œ κΈ°μΈν•œλ‹€κ³  μ—¬κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ œκ°€ λ§ν•˜λŠ” μ˜›λ‚ μ΄λž€ λΉ™ν•˜μ‹œλŒ€λ‚˜ λͺ¨μ„Έκ°€ 죽을 λ•Œλ₯Ό λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:18
And I mean ancientβ€”Β  like the Ice Age or the killing of Moses.
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03:22
Freud and his closest allies actually believed these prehistorical traumas
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈμ™€ 그의 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ ν˜‘λ ₯μžλ“€μ€ 이런 μ„ μ‚¬μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ 좩격적인 κ²½ν—˜λ“€μ΄
03:27
had ongoing impacts on human psychology.
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μ—¬νƒœκΉŒμ§€λ„ 인간 심리에 μ—¬μ „νžˆ 영ν–₯을 μ£Όκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―Ώμ—ˆμ£ .
03:30
He thought that the phase of cold indifference to sexuality
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‚¬μΆ˜κΈ° λ•Œ 성에 κ΄€ν•œ λƒ‰λ‹΄ν•œ 무관심이
03:34
during pubescence was literally an echo of the Ice Age.
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말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ λΉ™ν•˜ μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ 반ν–₯이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
With fantastical beliefs like these, how can we take him seriously?
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이런 κΈ°μƒμ²œμ™Έν•œ 사고방식을 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄μ°Œ μ§„μ§€ν•˜κ²Œ 받아듀일 수 μžˆκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:43
Any renowned thinker from centuries past
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과거의 μ €λͺ…ν–ˆλ˜ 사상가듀은 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ μž…μž₯에도
03:46
has ideas that seem fantastical by today’s standards,
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μ‹€λ‘œ κ΄΄κΈ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
but we can’t discount their influence on this basis.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 이유둜 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 영ν–₯λ ₯을 λ¬΄μ‹œν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:53
Freud was an innovator linking ideas across many fields.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄λ“œλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ λΆ„μ•Ό μ „λ°˜μ— 걸쳐 연결고리가 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬μƒκ°€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
His concepts have become everyday terms
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그의 κ°œλ…λ“€μ€ 이제 일상 μš©μ–΄κ°€ λ˜μ–΄
03:59
that shape how we understand and talk about our own experiences.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ²½ν—˜μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ •μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
The Oedipus complex? Ego and id? Defense mechanisms? Death wishes?
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μ˜€μ΄λ””ν‘ΈμŠ€ μ½€νŽ λ ‰μŠ€? μžμ•„μ™€ μΆ©λ™μžμ•„? λ°©μ–΄ 기제? μ£½μŒμ— μ†Œλ§? λͺ¨λ‘ ν”„λ‘œμ΄λ“œμ£ .
04:09
All Freud.
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04:10
But Freud didn’t present himself as a social theoristβ€”
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” 슀슀둜λ₯Ό μ‚¬νšŒ μ΄λ‘ ν•™μžλΌκ³  ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
he insisted that his work was scientific.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 그의 연ꡬ가 과학적이라고 μ£Όμž₯ν–ˆμ£ .
κ·Έκ°€ λΆˆνŽΈν•œ 진싀을 μ–΅λˆŒλ €λ‹€λŠ” λ§μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:17
Are you saying he… repressed inconvenient facts?
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04:22
Freud’s theories were unfalsifiable.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈμ˜ 이둠듀은 ν—ˆμœ„λ₯Ό μž…μ¦ν•  수 κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
Wait, so you’re saying he was right?
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μž μ‹œλ§Œμš”, κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έκ°€ λ§žμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” λ§μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:27
No, his ideas were framed so that there’s no way to empirically verify them.
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아뇨, 그의 사상듀은 틀에 맞좰져 μ‹€μ¦μ μœΌλ‘œ 증λͺ…ν•  μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
Freud didn’t even necessarily believe in the psychoanalysis he was peddling.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” 심지어 κ·Έκ°€ μ „νŒŒν•˜λ˜ μ •μ‹  뢄석을 κ·Έλ‹€μ§€ 믿지도 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
He was pessimistic about the impact of therapy.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 치료의 νš¨κ³Όμ— λŒ€ν•΄ νšŒμ˜μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
What! I think I need to lie down!
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μ•„λ‹ˆ! μ €λŠ” μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ κΈ°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² κ΅°μš”.
04:43
Many of Sigmund Freud’s ideas don’t hold up to modern science,
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈμ˜ κ°œλ… 쀑 λ§Žμ€ 것듀은 ν˜„λŒ€ 과학을 μ§€μ§€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©°
04:47
and his clinical practices don’t meet today’s ethical standards.
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그의 μž„μƒ μ‹€ν—˜λ“€μ€ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  윀리적 κΈ°μ€€κ³Ό λ§žμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:52
At the same time, he sparked a revolution in psychology and society,
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λ™μ‹œμ— κ·ΈλŠ” 심리학과 μ‚¬νšŒμ— 혁λͺ…을 일으켰으며
04:56
and created a vocabulary for discussing emotion.
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감정을 λ…Όν•  λ•Œ ν•„μš”ν•œ μš©μ–΄λ“€λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
Freud made his share of mistakes.
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ν”„λ‘œμ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν–ˆκ³  그에 λŒ€ν•œ μ±…μž„λ„ μ–΄λŠ 정도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
But is a thinker responsible for how subsequent generations
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν›„λŒ€κ°€ κ·Έ 사상을 μ μš©ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ
05:06
put their ideas to use?
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κ·Έ 사상가가 μ±…μž„μ„ μ Έμ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
05:08
Do they deserve the blame, credit, or redemption
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μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ μ‹¬νŒλŒ€μ— μ„Έμš΄λ‹€λ©΄ λΉ„λ‚œμ„ λ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
05:11
when we put history on trial?
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곡둜λ₯Ό 인정받아야 ν• κΉŒμš”? μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μš©μ„œλ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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