Why do honeybees love hexagons? - Zack Patterson and Andy Peterson

2,674,105 views

2014-06-10 ・ TED-Ed


New videos

Why do honeybees love hexagons? - Zack Patterson and Andy Peterson

2,674,105 views ・ 2014-06-10

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: μ‹  동창 κ²€ν† : Gemma Lee
00:06
Honeybees are fascinating creatures for a number of reasons:
0
6946
4055
κΏ€λ²Œμ΄ 맀혹적인 생물인 μ΄μœ λŠ”
00:11
their incredible work ethic,
1
11001
1381
κΏ€λ²Œμ˜ λ†€λΌμš΄ μž‘μ—… μœ€λ¦¬μ™€
00:12
the sugary sweet syrup they produce
2
12382
1938
κΏ€λ²Œμ΄ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 섀탕같이 λ‹¬μ½€ν•œ μ‹œλŸ½κ³Ό
00:14
and their intricate social structure.
3
14320
2148
λ’€μ–½νžŒ μ‚¬νšŒ ꡬ쑰 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ
00:16
But another reason is that honeybees are, in fact,
4
16468
3286
사싀 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”
00:19
excellent mathematicians.
5
19754
2013
κΏ€λ²Œμ΄ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μžλΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
Scientists claim the tiny insects can calculate angles,
6
21767
3525
κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ€ μž‘μ€ 곀좩이 각도λ₯Ό 계산할 수 있고
00:25
and can even comprehend the roundness of the Earth.
7
25292
3400
지ꡬ가 λ‘₯κΈ€λ‹€λŠ” 것도 이해할 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
But there's particular mathematical bee genius
8
28692
2560
κΏ€λ²Œμ˜ μƒν™œμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ©΄ λ’€μ—λŠ”
00:31
behind the most important aspect of honeybee life: the hive.
9
31252
3709
νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™ 천재 벌의 μž‘ν’ˆμΈ 'λ²Œμ§‘'에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
Just like humans, bees need food and shelter to stay alive.
10
34961
3993
μ‚¬λžŒμ²˜λŸΌ λ²Œλ„ μŒμ‹κ³Ό μ‚΄μ•„κ°€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ‰Όν„°κ°€ ν•„μš” ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
The hive is not only the bees' home,
11
38954
2078
λ²Œμ§‘μ€ κ·Έμ € λ²Œλ“€μ˜ 집이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
00:41
but doubles as a place to store their honey.
12
41032
2699
꿀을 μ €μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 곡간이기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
Since it's so central to survival,
13
43731
2702
생쑴에 μ•„μ£Ό μ€‘μš”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
00:46
honeybees have to perfect the hive's architectural design.
14
46433
3360
κΏ€λ²Œμ€ λ²Œμ§‘μ˜ 건좕섀계λ₯Ό μ™„λ²½νžˆ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
If you examine any piece of honeycomb,
15
49793
2823
λ²Œμ§‘μ˜ 쑰각을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄
00:52
you'll see that it's constructed from
16
52616
1476
μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ΄λ‚˜ 윑면체인 방이
00:54
tightly packed hexagonal, or six-sided, cells.
17
54092
4083
λΉ½λΉ½ν•˜κ²Œ λ“€μ–΄μ„ ν˜• νƒœλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
Of all the possible designs,
18
58175
1511
λͺ¨λ“  κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 섀계 μ€‘μ—μ„œ
00:59
why do honeybees choose this one?
19
59686
2352
μ™œ κΏ€λ²Œμ€ μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ„ μ„ νƒν–ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:02
To understand, you need to think like a bee.
20
62038
2779
μ•ŒκΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„  벌처럼 생각할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
Bees need a secure place for their entire colony to live.
21
64817
3555
λ²Œμ€ 전체 집단이 살아가기에 μ•ˆμ „ν•œ μž₯μ†Œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
Similarly, there needs to be a place
22
68372
1855
λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 꽃꿀을
01:10
where their nectar can be stored and ripened suitably
23
70227
2858
μ €μž₯ν•˜κ³  λ²ŒκΏ€λ‘œ μˆ™μ„±μ‹œν‚¬
01:13
until it turns into honey.
24
73085
1500
μž₯μ†Œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
That means there's a need for some serious space efficiency.
25
74595
3924
μž₯μ†Œλ₯Ό μ•„μ£Ό 효율적으둜 μ΄μš©ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 뜻이죠.
01:18
A good solution is to build little storage units, or cells,
26
78519
3541
쒋은 해법은 κΏ€λ²Œ ν•œ λ§ˆλ¦¬κ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λŠ” 크기둜
01:22
just big enough for a bee to fit into,
27
82060
2620
μž‘μ€ μ €μž₯μž₯μΉ˜λ‚˜ 방을 짓고
01:24
which can also double as the containers in which nectar is stored:
28
84680
3681
κ·Έ 방이 꽃꿀을 μ €μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 곡간 역할도 ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
01:28
The bees' very own honey jars.
29
88361
2289
λ²Œλ“€μ΄ 슀슀둜 λ§Œλ“  꿀단지 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
The next thing, is to decide what the little cells should be made out of.
30
90650
3908
λ‹€μŒμ€ μž‘μ€ 방을 μ–΄λ–€ 재료둜 λ§Œλ“œλŠ”μ§€ μ •ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
Bees don't have beaks or arms to pick up things,
31
94558
2926
λ²Œμ€ λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό 집어듀 λΆ€λ¦¬λ‚˜ νŒ”μ΄ μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
01:37
but they are capable of producing wax.
32
97484
2546
λ°€λžμ„ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
The thing is, producing it is a lot of hard work.
33
100030
3382
λ°€λžμ„ λ§Œλ“€λ €λ©΄ 일을 많이 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
Bees have to consume 8 ounces of honey
34
103412
2527
λ²Œμ€ κΏ€ 227g을 μ†ŒλΉ„ν•΄μ•Ό
01:45
to produce just 1 ounce of wax.
35
105939
2679
λ°€λž 28g을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
So they don't want to waste it.
36
108618
1768
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ²Œλ“€μ€ 꿀을 λ‚­λΉ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈΈ λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
So, they need a design that allows them to store
37
110386
2646
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ°€λžμ„ μ΅œμ†Œν•œμœΌλ‘œ μ†Œλͺ¨ν•˜μ—¬
01:53
the largest possible amount of honey
38
113032
2270
μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ λ§Žμ€ 꿀을 μ €μž₯ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
01:55
using the least amount of wax.
39
115302
2276
섀계가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
What shape does that?
40
117578
1487
μ–΄λ–€ λͺ¨μ–‘이 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:59
Imagining for a minute that all bees had to
41
119065
2068
μž μ‹œ λͺ¨λ“  λ²Œλ“€μ΄ 건좕 학ꡐ에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•΄
02:01
attend architecture academy and go to math class.
42
121133
3020
μˆ˜ν•™ ꡐ싀에 μžˆλ‹€κ³  상상해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:04
Let's say they asked their geometry teacher,
43
124153
2528
λ²Œλ“€μ€ κΈ°ν•˜ν•™ μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ—κ²Œ λ¬Όμ–΄λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
"What shape would give us the most space to store our honey,
44
126681
3330
"μ–΄λ–€ λͺ¨μ–‘이 꿀을 μ €μž₯ν•  κ°€μž₯ 큰 곡간을 μ£Όκ³ 
02:10
but require the least amount of wax?"
45
130011
2407
λ°€λžμ€ μ΅œμ†Œν•œλ§Œ ν•„μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?"
02:12
And then geometry teacher replied,
46
132418
1589
그리고 κΈ°ν•˜ν•™ μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ€ λŒ€λ‹΅ ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ£ .
02:14
"The shape that you're seeking is the circle."
47
134007
2679
"학생이 μ°ΎλŠ” λͺ¨μ–‘은 μ›μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€."
02:16
Leaving the bees to return to their trial construction site
48
136686
2676
λ²Œλ“€μ΄ μ‹œλ²” 건좕 ν˜„μž₯에 λŒμ•„μ™€μ„œ
02:19
and begin building their honeycomb using circular cells.
49
139362
3685
μ›ν˜•μ˜ 방으둜 λ²Œμ§‘μ„ 짓기 μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
After a while, some of them might have noticed
50
143047
2543
μž μ‹œ ν›„ μ›ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ 된 방사이에
02:25
a problem with their design:
51
145590
1669
μž‘μ€ ν‹ˆμ΄ μƒκΈ°λŠ” 문제λ₯Ό
02:27
small gaps between the cells.
52
147259
2578
λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
"We can't even fit in there! That's wasted space!"
53
149837
2671
"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ±°κΈ°μ—” λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ μˆ˜λ„ μ—†μ–΄! λ‚­λΉ„λ˜λŠ” 곡간이야!"
02:32
they might have thought.
54
152508
1595
λ²Œλ“€μ€ μƒκ°ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
So, ignoring the geometry lesson,
55
154103
1849
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κΈ°ν•˜ν•™ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ λ¬΄μ‹œν•˜κ³ 
02:35
and taking matters into their own hands,
56
155952
2277
μžμ‹ μ˜ 힘으둜 문제λ₯Ό ν’€λ €κ³ 
02:38
the bees went back to the drawing board
57
158229
1692
λ²Œμ€ μ œλ„νŒμœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€
02:39
to rethink their beehive design.
58
159921
2226
λ²Œμ§‘ 섀계λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:42
One suggested triangles,
59
162147
1572
μ–΄λ–€ 벌이 μ‚Όκ°ν˜•μ„ μ œμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
"We can use triangles. Look! They fit together perfectly."
60
163719
3600
"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚Όκ°ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν• μˆ˜ μžˆμ–΄. 봐! μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ λ“€μ–΄λ§žμž–μ•„."
02:47
Another bee suggested squares.
61
167319
2631
λ˜λ‹€λ₯Έ λ²Œμ€ μ‚¬κ°ν˜•μ„ μ œμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
Finally, a third bee piped up and said,
62
169950
2085
λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μ„Έλ²ˆμ§Έ λ²Œμ€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜μ£ .
02:52
"Pentagons don't seem to work, but hexagons do!
63
172035
3270
"μ˜€κ°ν˜•μ€ λ§žμ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ€ λ§žμ•„!
02:55
We want the one that will use the least amount of wax
64
175305
2776
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ΅œμ†Œμ˜ λ°€λžμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
02:58
and be able to store the most amount of honey.
65
178081
2472
μ΅œλŒ€μ˜ 꿀을 μ €μž₯ν•˜κΈΈ 원해.
03:00
Yes, I think that's the hexagon."
66
180553
2437
그래, λ‚œ μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ΄λΌκ³  생각해."
03:02
"Why?"
67
182990
1185
"μ™œ κ·ΈλŸ΄κΉŒμš”?"
03:04
"It looks more like the circle than the others."
68
184175
2106
"μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨μ–‘보닀 μ›μ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”."
03:06
"But how do we know for sure?"
69
186281
1791
"μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
03:08
To find out, the industrious insect architects
70
188072
2830
κ·Έ 닡을 찾으렀고 λΆ€μ§€λŸ°ν•œ κ³€μΆ© 건좕가가
03:10
calculated the areas of the triangle, the square and the hexagon
71
190902
3902
μ‚Όκ°ν˜•, μ‚¬κ°ν˜•, μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ˜ 면적을 κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ—¬
03:14
and found that the hexagon was, in fact,
72
194804
2198
μœ‘κ°ν˜•μ΄ 사싀
03:17
the shape that gave them the most storage space.
73
197002
3249
κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 곡간을 μ£ΌλŠ” λͺ¨μ–‘이라고 λ°ν˜€λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
They agreed on an ideal size and returned to work.
74
200251
3138
λ²Œλ“€μ€ 이상적인 λͺ¨μ–‘에 λ™μ˜ ν•˜μ˜€κ³  μž‘μ—…μ„ λ°”κΎΈμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
The space efficient comb that is a bee's trademark today,
75
203389
2840
곡간 효율적인 λ²Œμ§‘μ€ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  벌의 μƒν‘œκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
03:26
is probably the result of this trial and error,
76
206229
2441
μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 진화적 μ—­μ‚¬μ—μ„œ μ˜€λžœμ‹œκ°„μ— 걸친
03:28
but over long periods of evolutionary history.
77
208670
2941
μ‹œν–‰ 착였의 산물일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
However, it paid off.
78
211611
1752
κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ κΈ°λŒ€ν–ˆλ˜ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ νƒ„μƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
Peek into any hive --
79
213363
1301
보호 μ•ˆκ²½κ³Ό 그물망을 μ°©μš©ν•˜κ³ 
03:34
with your protective goggles and netting on, of course --
80
214664
2399
λ²Œμ§‘μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄
03:37
and you'll see the end result: a beautiful compact honeycomb
81
217063
3763
μ›ν–ˆλ˜ 결과인 μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ λ²Œμ§‘μ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
that any architect would have be proud to design.
82
220826
2986
μ–΄λ– ν•œ 건좕가도 μžλž‘μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œν•  μ„€κ³„λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œμ£ .
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7