What causes panic attacks, and how can you prevent them? - Cindy J. Aaronson

4,838,568 views

2020-10-08 ・ TED-Ed


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What causes panic attacks, and how can you prevent them? - Cindy J. Aaronson

4,838,568 views ・ 2020-10-08

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:07
The body becomes its own corset.
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λͺΈμ΄ λ°”λ‘œ 감μ˜₯이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:09
Past, present, and future exist as a single force.
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κ³Όκ±°, ν˜„μž¬, λ―Έλž˜κ°€ ν•œ 힘으둜 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:13
A swing without gravity soars to a terrifying height.
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쀑λ ₯이 μ—†λŠ” 흔듀림이 λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ λ†’μ΄λ‘œ μΉ˜μ†ŸμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
The outlines of people and things dissolve.
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μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό 물체의 윀곽이 μ‚¬λΌμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
Countless poets and writers have tried to put words
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ‹œμΈκ³Ό μž‘κ°€λ“€μ€ 말둜
00:26
to the experience of a panic attackβ€”
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λ € ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
00:28
a sensation so overwhelming, many people mistake it for a heart attack, stroke,
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λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ 압도적인 λŠλ‚ŒμœΌλ‘œ, λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 심μž₯λ§ˆλΉ„, λ‡Œμ‘Έμ€‘,
00:33
or other life-threatening crisis.
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λ˜λŠ” 생λͺ…을 μœ„ν˜‘ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μœ„κΈ°λ‘œ μ˜€μΈν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
Though panic attacks don’t cause long-term physical harm,
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비둝 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ΄ μž₯기적인 윑체적 ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό μ£Όμ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ,
00:40
afterwards, the fear of another attack can limit someone’s daily lifeβ€”
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이후 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³΅ν™©λ°œμž‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ³΅ν¬λŠ” 일상 μƒν™œμ„ μž¬ν•œν•  수 있고
00:44
and cause more panic attacks.
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λ”λ§Žμ€ 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ μΌμœΌν‚¬ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
Studies suggest that almost a third of us
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연ꡬ듀에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ 인ꡬ의 1/3은 μ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„
00:49
will experience at least one panic attack in our lives.
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적어도 ν•œ λ²ˆμ€ κ²½ν—˜ν•  것이라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
And whether it’s your first, your hundredth,
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그리고, 그것이 첫 λ²ˆμ§Έλ“ , λ°± λ²ˆμ§Έλ“ ,
00:55
or you’re witnessing someone else go through one,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ²ͺλŠ” 것을 μ§€μΌœλ³΄λ“ 
00:57
no one wants to repeat the experience.
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λˆ„κ΅¬λΌλ„ λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” 이 κ²½ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
Even learning about them can be uncomfortable, but it’s necessaryβ€”
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심지어 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ λ°°μš°λŠ” 것도 λΆˆνŽΈν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, ν•„μš”ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
because the first step to preventing panic attacks is understanding them.
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ λ§‰λŠ” 첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” 그것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
At its core, a panic attack is an overreaction to the body’s
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ˜ 핡심은 μœ„ν—˜μ„ μΈμ‹ν•œ λ‹€μŒμ— λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ”
01:13
normal physiological response to the perception of danger.
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정상적인 생리적 λ°˜μ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ³Όλ―Όλ°˜μ‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
This response starts with the amygdala,
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이 λ°˜μ‘μ€ νŽΈλ„μ²΄μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
the brain region involved in processing fear.
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λ‡Œμ—μ„œ 두렀움을 λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
When the amygdala perceives danger,
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νŽΈλ„μ²΄κ°€ μœ„ν—˜μ„ κ°μ§€ν•˜λ©΄,
01:24
it stimulates the sympathetic nervous system,
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μ΄λŠ” ꡐ감신경계λ₯Ό μžκ·Ήν•˜λ©°,
01:27
which triggers the release of adrenaline.
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μ΄μ–΄μ„œ μ•„λ“œλ ˆλ‚ λ¦°μ„ λ°©μΆœμ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
Adrenaline prompts an increase in the heart and breathing rate
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μ•„λ“œλ ˆλ‚ λ¦°μ€ μ‹¬λ°•μˆ˜μ™€ ν˜Έν‘μ„ λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ ν•΄μ„œ
01:33
to get blood and oxygen to the muscles of the arms and legs.
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νŒ”λ‹€λ¦¬μ˜ κ·Όμœ‘μ— 피와 μ‚°μ†Œλ₯Ό λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
This also sends oxygen to the brain, making it more alert and responsive.
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이 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ‡Œμ—λ„ μ‚°μ†Œλ₯Ό 보내며 λ‡Œλ₯Ό λ”μš± λ―Όκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
During a panic attack,
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ΄ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 쀑에,
01:44
this response is exaggerated well past what would be useful
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이 λ°˜μ‘μ€ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ 상황에 ν•„μš”ν•œ 정도애 λΉ„ν•΄
01:48
in a dangerous situation,
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μ§€λ‚˜μΉ˜λ„λ‘ κ³Όμž₯λ˜μ–΄μ„œ,
01:50
causing a racing heart, heavy breathing, or hyperventilation.
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λΉ λ₯Έ 심박, μ‹¬ν•œ 호흑, 즉 κ³Όν˜Έν‘μ„ μœ λ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
The changes to blood flow cause lightheadedness
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혈λ₯˜μ˜ λ³€ν™”λŠ” ν˜„κΈ°μ¦,
01:57
and numbness in the hands and feet.
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μ†λ°œμ˜ 무감각을 μ΄ˆλž˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
A panic attack usually peaks within 10 minutes.
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ€ 10λΆ„ 이내에 정점에 λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
Then, the prefrontal cortex takes over from the amygdala
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그런 λ‹€μŒμ—, 전전두엽 ν”Όμ§ˆμ΄ νŽΈλ„μ²΄λ₯Ό λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜κ³ 
02:07
and stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system.
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뢀ꡐ감 신경계λ₯Ό μžκ·Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
This triggers the release of a hormone called acetylcholine
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이것은 μ•„μ„Έν‹Έμ½œλ¦°μ΄λΌλŠ” 호λ₯΄λͺ¬μ„ λ°©μΆœν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
02:14
that decreases the heart rate and gradually winds down the panic attack.
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이것은 μ‹¬λ°•μˆ˜λ₯Ό κ°μ†Œμ‹œν‚€λ©° 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ΄ λ§ˆλ¬΄λ¦¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
In a panic attack, the body’s perception of danger
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ—μ„œλŠ” μœ„ν—˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 지각이
02:22
is enough to trigger the response we would have to a real threatβ€” and then some.
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μ‹€μž¬ μœ„ν˜‘μ΄ λ‹₯쳀을 λ•Œ 보일 λ°˜μ‘μ„ μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
We don't know for sure why this happens,
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이것이 μ™œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€λŠ” λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ,
02:30
but sometimes cues in the environment that remind us
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κ³Όκ±° 외상 κ²½ν—˜μ„ ν™˜κΈ°μ‹œν‚€λŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ˜ μ‹ ν˜Έκ°€
02:32
of traumatic past experience can trigger a panic attack.
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
Panic attacks can be part of anxiety disorders
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ€ 외상 ν›„ 슀트레슀 μž₯μ• , μ‚¬νšŒ λΆˆμ•ˆ μž₯μ• ,
02:39
like PTSD, social anxiety disorder, OCD, and generalized anxiety disorder.
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κ°•λ°• μž₯μ• , λ²”λΆˆμ•ˆ μž₯μ•  같은 λΆˆμ•ˆ μž₯μ• μ˜ ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μΌ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
Recurring panic attacks, frequent worry about new attacks,
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λ˜ν’€μ΄ν•˜λŠ” 곡황 λ°œμž‘, λ‹€μŒ λ°œμž‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ±±μ •,
02:50
and behavioral changes to avoid panic attacks
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그리고 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ ν”Όν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 행동 λ³€ν™”λŠ”
02:53
can lead to a diagnosis of a panic disorder.
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곡황 μž₯μ•  μ§„λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
The two main treatments for panic disorder
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곡황 μž₯μ• μ˜ μ£Όμš” μΉ˜λ£Œλ²• 두 κ°€μ§€λŠ”
02:59
are antidepressant medication and cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT.
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ν•­μš°μšΈμ œμ™€ 인지적 행동 μΉ˜λ£Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
Both have about a 40% response rateβ€”
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λ‘˜ λ‹€ λ°˜μ‘λ₯ μ€ μ•½ 40%μ΄λ‚˜,
03:08
though someone who responds to one may not respond to the other.
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ν•œ 가지에 λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμ—λŠ” λ°˜μ‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
However, antidepressant medications carry some side effects,
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그런데 ν•­μš°μšΈμ œλŠ” λΆ€μž‘μš©μ΄ 있고
03:16
and 50% of people relapse when they stop taking them.
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50%λŠ” ν•­μš°μšΈμ œλ₯Ό 끊으면 μž¬λ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
CBT, meanwhile, is more lasting, with only a 20% relapse rate.
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λ°˜λ©΄μ— 인지적 행동 μΉ˜λ£ŒλŠ” 더 μ˜€λž˜κ°€κ³  재발율이 20% 밖에 λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
The goal of CBT treatment for panic disorder is to help people learn
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인지적 ν–‰λ™μΉ˜λ£Œμ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ΄ 무엇인지 μ•Œκ²Œ 도와주고,
03:29
and practice concrete tools to exert physical, and in turn mental,
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곡황 λ°œμž‘κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ 신체적 정신적인 ν†΅μ œλ₯Ό
03:34
control over the sensations and thoughts associated with a panic attack.
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ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ•λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
CBT begins with an explanation of the physiological causes of a panic attack,
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인지적 ν–‰λ™μΉ˜λ£ŒλŠ” 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ˜ 생리적 μ›μΈμ˜ μ„€λͺ…μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ©°
03:44
followed by breath and muscle exercises designed to help people
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그런 λ‹€μŒμ—, μˆ¨μ‰¬κΈ°μ™€ 근윑 μš΄λ™μœΌλ‘œ
μˆ¨μ‰¬λŠ” 방식을 μ˜μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ ν†΅μ œν•˜λ„λ‘ λ•μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:48
consciously control breathing patterns.
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03:51
Next comes cognitive restructuring,
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” 인지적 쑰정이며,
03:54
which involves identifying and changing the thoughts
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곡황 λ°œμž‘ 도쀑에 ν”ν•˜κ²Œ λ‚˜λŠ” 생각을
03:56
that are common during attacksβ€”
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μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
such as believing you’ll stop breathing, have a heart attack, or dieβ€”
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즉 μˆ¨μ„ 쉴 수 μ—†λ‹€κ±°λ‚˜, 심μž₯ λ§ˆλΉ„, 죽음 λ“±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
and replacing them with more accurate thoughts.
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그런 생각을 더 μ •ν™•ν•œ μƒκ°μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ²΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:07
The next stage of treatment is exposure to the bodily sensations and situations
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λ‹€μŒ λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ΄ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”
04:11
that typically trigger a panic attack.
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μ „ν˜•μ μΈ 상황과 신체적 λŠλ‚Œμ„ κ²½ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
The goal is to change the belief, through experience,
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이 λ‹¨κ³„μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ κ²½ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ
04:17
that these sensations and situations are dangerous.
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이 상황과 λŠλ‚Œμ΄ μœ„ν—˜ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 생각을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
Even after CBT, taking these steps isn’t easy in the grip of an attack.
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인지적 행동 치료 후에라도 λ°œμž‘ 쀑에 이 단계듀을 λ”°λ₯΄κΈ°λŠ” 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
But with practice, these tools can both prevent and de-escalate attacks,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ—°μŠ΅μ„ ν•˜λ©΄ 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ λ§‰κ±°λ‚˜ ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό μ€„μ΄λŠ” 데 도움이 되고
04:32
and ultimately reduce the hold of panic on a person’s life.
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결과적으둜 삢을 μ–΅λˆ„λ₯΄κ³  있던 곡황 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό 쀄일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
Outside formal therapy,
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μ •κ·œ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²• λ°–μ—μ„œ
04:39
many panickers find relief from the same beliefs CBT aims to instill:
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 인지적 행동 μΉ˜λ£Œμ™€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 생각을 μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ ν‰μ•ˆμ„ μ°ΎμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
that fear can’t hurt you, but holding on to it will escalate panic.
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두렀움은 ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό 쀄 수 μ—†κ³ ,
이 생각에 μ§‘μ°©ν•˜λ©΄ 곡황 μƒνƒœκ°€ μ•…ν™”λœλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
Even if you’ve never had a panic attack,
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곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ κ²½ν—˜ν•΄ λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ—ˆλ”λΌλ„
04:52
understanding them will help you identify one in yourself or someone elseβ€”
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그것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ©΄ λ‚˜ λ˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ μΈμ‹ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 되며
04:57
and recognizing them is the first step in preventing them.
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그런 사싀을 μΈμ‹ν•˜λŠ” 게 곡황 λ°œμž‘μ„ λ§‰λŠ” 첫 λ‹¨κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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