What is verbal irony? - Christopher Warner

1,989,190 views ・ 2013-03-13

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar
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λ²ˆμ—­: Yun Sojung κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:15
Great weather we're having!
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날씨가 μ’‹λ„€μš”!
00:17
Awesome job!
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•΄μš”!
00:19
You're a tremendous athlete!
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ‹€λ ₯μ΄κ΅°μš”!
00:22
Compliments, right?
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μΉ­μ°¬λ“€μ΄μ—μš”. κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
00:25
Well, maybe.
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음, μ•„λ§ˆμš”.
00:27
Depending on the attitude
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νƒœλ„, 그리고 이런 λŒ€μ‚¬λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜λŠ” λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬ 톀에 λ”°λΌμ„œ
00:28
and tone of voice behind these lines,
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칭찬이 될 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
they very well may be compliments.
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00:33
They may also be, though,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ 그것듀은 κ°€μ‹œ λ‹νžŒ 곡격적인 말이 될 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
pointed and attacking lines.
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00:37
This slight change of attitude behind the lines
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λŒ€μ‚¬ λ°°ν›„μ˜ 이런 μž‘μ€ νƒœλ„ 차이가
00:40
reveals what we call verbal irony.
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β€˜λ°˜μ–΄λ²•β€™μ΄λΌκ³  λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
So when someone says, "Great weather we're having,"
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β€œλ‚ μ”¨κ°€ ν›Œλ₯­ν•˜λ„€μš”β€œλΌκ³  λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ λ§ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
00:48
it is quite possible that the person really means that
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 정말 그런 의미둜 ν•œ λ§μ΄μ—ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
if the sun is shining,
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ν•΄κ°€ λΉ›λ‚˜κ³ 
00:53
the birds are singing,
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μƒˆλ“€μ΄ λ…Έλž˜ν•˜λ©° λ°”λžŒμ΄ μž”μž”ν•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”.
00:54
and the wind is calm.
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00:56
But if the weather is horrible,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ λ§Œμ•½ 날씨가 λ”μ°ν•˜κ³ 
00:58
the clouds are looming,
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ꡬ름이 λͺ°λ €μ˜€κ³  폭풍이 휘λͺ°μ•„μΉ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°
00:59
and the wind is a raging tempest,
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01:01
and someone says, "Great weather we're having,"
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β€œλ‚ μ”¨κ°€ ν›Œλ₯­ν•˜λ„€μš”β€œλΌκ³  λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ λ§ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
01:05
he probably doesn't actually mean that.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 정말 그런 의미둜 λ§ν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
He probably means that the weather is horrible,
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μ•„λ§ˆ 날씨가 λ”μ°ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμ˜€κ² μ§€λ§Œ
01:10
but he has said the opposite.
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κ·Έ λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
This is verbal irony
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이것이 λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
when the speaker says the opposite of what he means.
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ν™”μžκ°€ λœ»ν•˜λŠ” λ°”λ₯Ό λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 무슨 생각을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„μš”.
01:18
I know what you're thinking.
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01:18
Isn't this sarcasm,
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이건 λΉ„κΌ¬λŠ” κ±° μ•„λ‹Œκ°€μš”?
01:20
isn't the speaker being sarcastic?
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ν™”μžκ°€ λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦¬κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ±° μ•„λ‹Œκ°€μš”?
01:22
Yes.
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λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
When a speaker says the opposite of what he means,
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ν™”μžκ°€ μžμ‹ μ΄ λœ»ν•˜λŠ” 것과 λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λŠ” 말을 ν•˜λŠ” 것,
01:25
that is verbal irony.
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그것이 λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
When a speaker then goes the step farther
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λ§ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•œ 걸음 더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€
01:30
to mean the opposite of what he says
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μžμ‹ μ΄ ν•˜λŠ” 말의 λ°˜λŒ€λ₯Ό λœ»ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
01:32
and seeks to be a little pointed and mean,
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그리고 쑰금 μ„±λ§ˆλ₯΄κ³  λͺ»λΌμ§€κ³  싢을 λ•Œ
01:35
like he's making fun of something,
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λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό λ†€λ¦¬λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ§ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
01:37
then you have sarcasm.
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그것은 λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
Take the second example:
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두 번째 μ˜ˆμ‹œλ₯Ό 보죠.
01:40
"Awesome job!"
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β€œλŒ€λ‹¨ν•΄!”
01:41
Someone accomplishing his life-long dream:
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ 였랜 κΏˆμ„ μ‹€ν˜„ν•  λ•Œ,
01:43
awesome!
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
Someone winning a sports championship:
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ μš΄λ™ μ„ μˆ˜κΆŒμ—μ„œ μš°μŠΉν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
01:46
awesome!
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
Someone rear-ends another car:
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ°¨λ₯Ό μΆ”λŒν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
01:50
not awesome.
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
01:52
So when the passenger says, "Awesome job!"
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κ·Έλ•Œ 승객이 β€œλŒ€λ‹¨ν•΄!β€œλΌκ³  λ§ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
01:56
they probably mean the opposite
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μ•„λ§ˆ κ·Έ λ°˜λŒ€λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” 것일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
with a hint of poking fun.
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μ•½κ°„ μž¬λ―Έμžˆμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μƒ‰μœΌλ‘œμš”.
02:00
That is verbal irony and that is sarcastic.
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ΄κ³  ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
"You're a talented athlete," said to an Olympian:
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β€œλ‹Ήμ‹ μ€ 재λŠ₯ μžˆλŠ” μ„ μˆ˜μ˜ˆμš”!”라고 μ˜¬λ¦Όν”½ μ„ μˆ˜μ—κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것은
02:06
authentic, no verbal irony present.
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진싀이며 λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
Said to the klutzy kid tripping into English class
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 말을 μ˜μ–΄ ꡐ싀을 λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©΄μ„œ
02:11
and spilling his books and pencil case all over the room,
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μ±…κ³Ό 필톡을 온 ꡐ싀에 ν˜λ¦¬λŠ” 바보 같은 μ•„μ΄μ—κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
02:14
now that is just harsh and verbally ironic
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이제 그것은 κ·Έμ € κ°€ν˜Ήν•˜κ³  λ°˜μ–΄μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:18
because what you said is not what you meant.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•œ 말이 κ·Έ μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
That is verbal irony.
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그것이 λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
You have said the opposite of what you mean.
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λœ»ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ λ°˜λŒ€λ₯Ό λ§ν–ˆμ£ .
02:25
Additionally, since you have the intention
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μΆ”κ°€λ‘œ, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 이 λΆˆμŒν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ‘°λ‘±ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ˜λ„κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 이상
02:27
of mocking this poor person,
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02:29
you have not only been verbally ironic,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ„ 썼을 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:31
but sarcastic as well.
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λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦¬κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
Beware, though.
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ μ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
02:35
While all sarcasm fits the definition of verbal irony,
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λͺ¨λ“  λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦Όμ€ λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ˜ μ •μ˜μ— λ§žμ§€λ§Œ
02:38
not all verbal irony is sarcastic.
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λͺ¨λ“  λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ΄ λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦Όμ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:42
Verbal irony is where what is meant
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λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ€ λ§ν•˜λ €λŠ” 것이
02:44
is the opposite of what is said,
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λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ λ°˜λŒ€λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” 반면,
02:46
while sarcasm adds that little punch of attitude.
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λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦Όμ€ 거기에 μ•½κ°„ ν˜Έμ†Œλ ₯ μžˆλŠ” νƒœλ„λ₯Ό λ”ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
There are times, though,
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그럴 λ•Œλ„ μžˆκΈ΄ν•˜μ£ .
02:51
where another layer of meaning can be present
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œ 측의 μ˜λ―Έκ°€
02:53
without that sarcastic tone.
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λΉ„κΌ¬λŠ” λŠλ‚Œ 없이 μžˆμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:56
Alright, now go out there
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μ’‹μ•„μš”,
02:58
and find those examples of verbal irony and sarcasm.
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μ΄μ œλŠ” λ°–μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜κ°€μ„œ λ°˜μ–΄λ²•κ³Ό λΉˆμ •κ±°λ¦Όμ˜ μ˜ˆμ‹œλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:02
Good luck!
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ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉŒμ–΄μš”!
03:04
No, seriously, I mean it, good luck.
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μ•„λ‹ˆ, μ§„μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ, ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉŒμ–΄μš”.
03:06
No, no, really,
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아뇨, 아뇨, μ •λ§λ‘œμš”.
03:07
I truly want to wish you luck on this difficult task.
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이 μ–΄λ €μš΄ 과제λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉŒμ–΄μ£Όκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄μš”.
03:11
Ok, ok, sincerely good luck.
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μ•Œκ² μ–΄μš”, μ§„μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉŒμ–΄μš”.
03:13
You can do it!
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μš”!
03:14
No verbal irony here.
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이것은 λ°˜μ–΄λ²•μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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