What is verbal irony? - Christopher Warner

Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar

Translator: Nazarbek Nazarov Reviewer: Azizbek Nazarov

Great weather we're having!

Ajoyib ob-havo!

Awesome job!

Ajoyib ish!

You're a tremendous athlete!

Sen zo'r sportchisan!

Compliments, right?

Komplimentlar, shunday emasmi?

Well, maybe.

Balki shundaydir.

Depending on the attitude

Ifodasiga va

and tone of voice behind these lines,

ohangiga qaraganda

they very well may be compliments.

bular kompliment.

They may also be, though,

Lekin aynan shu iboralar, boshqa

pointed and attacking lines.

tomondan haqoratli va zaharhanda bo'lishi mumkin.

This slight change of attitude behind the lines

Ohangda oddiy ifodaviy o'zgarishlar

reveals what we call verbal irony.

bizni aynan og'zaki kinoyaga olib kelishi mumkin.

So when someone says, "Great weather we're having,"

Va kimdir "ajoyib ob-havo!" deganida,

it is quite possible that the person really means that

inson rostan ham aynan yaxshi ob-havoni nazarda tutishi mumkin.

if the sun is shining,

Agar quyosh charaqlab,

the birds are singing,

qushlar sayrayotgan

and the wind is calm.

va deyarli shamol yo'q bo'lsa.

But if the weather is horrible,

Agar ob-havo yomon bo'lsa,

the clouds are looming,

bulutlar yaqinlasha-

and the wind is a raging tempest,

yotgan va bo'ron boshlanayotgan bo'lsa,

and someone says, "Great weather we're having,"

va kimdir "ajoyib ob-havo!" desa,

he probably doesn't actually mean that.

ma'lumki, u aynan teskarisini nazarda tutadi.

He probably means that the weather is horrible,

Aslida bu inson yomon ob-havoni nazarda tutayotib,

but he has said the opposite.

lekin teskarisini aytadi.

This is verbal irony

Xa, og'zaki kinoya — qachonki inson

when the speaker says the opposite of what he means.

biror narsani nazarda tutayotib, aslida teskarisini aytsa.

I know what you're thinking.

Isn't this sarcasm,

Nimalarni

o'ylaganingizni bilaman.

isn't the speaker being sarcastic?

Bu sarkazm emasmi? Bu sarkazmga xos emasmi?

Yes.

Xa.

When a speaker says the opposite of what he means,

Gapirilayotgan gapning aksi nazarda tutilsa,

that is verbal irony.

bu og'zaki kinoya.

When a speaker then goes the step farther

Agar gapiruvchi ushbu

to mean the opposite of what he says

qarama-qarshi iboraga biroz

and seeks to be a little pointed and mean,

zaharhandalik qo'shsa va kimgadir tegadigan yoki

like he's making fun of something,

uning ustidan kuladigan qilib aytsa,

then you have sarcasm.

bu unda sarkazm hisoblanadi.

Take the second example:

Mana yana bir misol:

"Awesome job!"

"Ajoyib ish!"

Someone accomplishing his life-long dream:

Kimdir o'z orzusiga erishdi:

awesome!

zo'r!

Someone winning a sports championship:

Kimdir chempionatda g'olib bo'ldi:

awesome!

ajoyib!

Someone rear-ends another car:

Kimdir mashinaga urildi:

not awesome.

yaxshi emas.

So when the passenger says, "Awesome job!"

Shuning uchun, yo'lovchi "ajoyib ish!" deganida, aslida

they probably mean the opposite

u teskarisini nazarda tutib,

with a hint of poking fun.

biroz hazil ohangini beradi.

That is verbal irony and that is sarcastic.

Bu og'zaki kinoya va sarkazm.

"You're a talented athlete," said to an Olympian:

"Sen qobiliyatli sportsmensan" deb olimpiadachiga aytilsa,

authentic, no verbal irony present.

bu to'g'ri eshitiladi, va bu yerda kinoya yo'q.

Said to the klutzy kid tripping into English class

Lekin aynan shu ibora darsda kitobi va qurollari

and spilling his books and pencil case all over the room,

har joyda yoyilib yotgan o'quvchiga aytilsa,

now that is just harsh and verbally ironic

bu qo'polroq, va shuningdek kinoyali.

because what you said is not what you meant.

Chunki siz aynan nazarda tutgan gapingizni aytmadingiz.

That is verbal irony.

Bu og'zaki kinoya.

You have said the opposite of what you mean.

Nazarda tutganingizning teskarisini

Additionally, since you have the intention

gapirdingiz. Undan tashqari, bu orqali

of mocking this poor person,

siz bu inson ustidan kulishga

you have not only been verbally ironic,

qaror qildingiz, bu nafaqat kinoya bo'ldi,

but sarcastic as well.

balki sarkazm ham.

Beware, though.

Ammo, bitta "lekini" bor.

While all sarcasm fits the definition of verbal irony,

Sarkazm doimo og'zaki kinoya birga kelishiga qaramay,

not all verbal irony is sarcastic.

og'zaki kinoya doim ham sarkastik bo'lavermaydi.

Verbal irony is where what is meant

Og'zaki kinoya shundayki, unda aytilgan gap

is the opposite of what is said,

nazarda tutilayotgan gapning aksi bo'lsa bo'ldi.

while sarcasm adds that little punch of attitude.

Sarkazmda esa biroz zaharhandalik bo'ladi.

There are times, though,

Lekin ba'zida,

where another layer of meaning can be present

shunday ham bo'ladiki, aytilgan gapda yana bitta

without that sarcastic tone.

ma'no bo'ladi — hech qanday sarkazmsiz.

Alright, now go out there

Hammasi shu.

and find those examples of verbal irony and sarcasm.

Endi esa og'zaki kinoya va sarkazmni qidirishda yo'lga otlaning.

Good luck!

Omad!

No, seriously, I mean it, good luck.

Yo'q, chindan ham, omad!

No, no, really,

Yo'q-yo'q, rosti.

I truly want to wish you luck on this difficult task.

Men rostdan ham sizga bu qiyin ishda omad tilashni xohlayman.

Ok, ok, sincerely good luck.

Chin dildan — omad!

You can do it!

Siz uddalaysiz!

No verbal irony here.

Hech qanday kinoyasiz.