Whatever happened to the hole in the ozone layer? - Stephanie Honchell Smith

520,171 views ใƒป 2023-04-18

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sean Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
In the 1980s, the world faced a huge problem:
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1980๋…„๋Œ€์— ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:11
there was a rapidly expanding hole in the ozone layer.
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์˜ค์กด์ธต์— ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ปค์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
So, what happened? And is it still there?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
00:17
Letโ€™s go back to the beginning.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:19
The Sun makes life on Earth possible,
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ํƒœ์–‘์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
but too much exposure to its UV radiation damages plant and animal DNA.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์™ธ์„ ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋ฉด ์‹๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ DNA๋ฅผ ์†์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
Thankfully, about 98% of that radiation is absorbed by ozone molecules
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ์ž์™ธ์„ ์˜ ์•ฝ 98%๋Š”
์„ฑ์ธต๊ถŒ์— ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค์กด ๋ถ„์ž์— ํก์ˆ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
dispersed in the stratosphere,
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00:34
which are continuously broken apart and reformed in this process,
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์˜ค์กด ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๊ณ  ์žฌ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
00:38
maintaining a delicate equilibrium.
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์„ฌ์„ธํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
But in the early 1970s, two chemistsโ€” Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowlandโ€”
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 1970๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์— ํ™”ํ•™์ž์ธ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ค ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์™€ ์…”์šฐ๋“œ ๋กœ์šธ๋žœ๋“œ๋Š”
00:46
demonstrated that widely used chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs,
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๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ธ ํด๋กœ๋กœํ”Œ๋ฃจ์˜ค๋กœ์นด๋ณธ,
์ฆ‰, CFC๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
could upset this balance.
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00:54
CFCs were developed in the 1920s by three US-based corporations
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CFC๋Š” 1920๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—… ์„ธ ๊ณณ์ด
00:58
as coolants for refrigerators.
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๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์šฉ ๋ƒ‰๋งค๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
Unlike existing alternativesโ€” such as ammonia or methyl chlorideโ€”
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์•”๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์•„๋‚˜ ์—ผํ™” ๋ฉ”ํ‹ธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ƒ‰๋งค์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
01:05
CFCs were non-flammable and non-toxicโ€”
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CFC๋Š” ๋ถˆ์—ฐ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌด๋…์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
meaning they wouldn't burst into flames or cause deadly gas leaks.
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์ฆ‰, ๋ถˆ๊ธธ์ด ์น˜์†Ÿ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ˆ„์ถœ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
They also made great propellants, foaming agents, and fire-retardants.
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์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ œ, ๋ฐœํฌ์ œ์™€ ๋‚œ์—ฐ์ œ๋กœ๋„ ์“ฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
CFCs soon found their way into a variety of everyday items
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CFC๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ผ์ƒ ์šฉํ’ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ณง ํผ์กŒ๊ณ 
01:20
and became a multi-billion dollar per year industry.
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์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
In the lower atmosphere, CFCs donโ€™t break down or react with other molecules.
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๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ณ ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” CFC๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์ž์™€ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
But Molina and Rowland showed that in the stratosphere,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์™€ ๋กœ๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
01:32
they're broken apart by UV light, releasing chlorine atoms.
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์„ฑ์ธต๊ถŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž์™ธ์„ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜์–ด ์—ผ์†Œ ์›์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
These then react with ozone,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์˜ค์กด๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:37
destroying it faster than it can be replenished.
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๋ณด์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
A single chlorine atom can destroy thousands of ozone molecules
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€
01:44
before finally reacting with something else and forming a stable molecule.
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์—ผ์†Œ ์›์ž ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์กด ๋ถ„์ž ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Seeing the threat to their bottom line,
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์ˆ˜์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•œ CFC ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๋“ค์€
01:50
CFC producers pushed back to discredit the scientists,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
even accusing them of working for the KGB.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด KGB๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Initial estimates showed that within 60 years,
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ถ”์ •์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 60๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์—
02:01
CFCs could reduce ozone concentrations by 7%.
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CFC๋Š” ์˜ค์กด ๋†๋„๋ฅผ 7% ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
But by 1985, it became clear that ozone depletion, especially over Antarctica,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 1985๋…„์—, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‚จ๊ทน์—์„œ
์˜ค์กด์ธต ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
was happening much faster.
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02:12
Here, the extremely cold temperatures and unique structure of Antarctic clouds
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์˜จ๋„์™€ ๋‚จ๊ทน ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€
02:16
accelerated ozone loss.
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์˜ค์กด ์†์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Scientists stationed in Antarctica noticed a massive drop
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๋‚จ๊ทน์— ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋…„ ๋ด„๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‚จ๊ทน ์ƒ๊ณต ์˜ค์กด์ธต์—์„œ
02:21
in overhead ozone occurring every spring.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Satellite data revealed the vast extent of these losses
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์œ„์„ฑ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ด ์†์‹ค์ด ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:27
and chemical tests confirmed that the cause was unquestionably CFCs.
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ํ™”ํ•™ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์‹ฌํ•  ์—ฌ์ง€ ์—†์ด ์›์ธ์€ CFC๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
NASA soon released visualizations, which were broadcast around the world
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๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณง ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:37
and captured public attention.
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
If ozone depletion continued, rates of skin cancer would skyrocket.
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์˜ค์กด์ธต ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์•”์ด ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Photosynthesis would be impaired, making plantsโ€”
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๊ด‘ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ์†์ƒ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
์Œ€, ๋ฐ€, ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค์€
02:46
including rice, wheat, and cornโ€”
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02:48
less productive and more susceptible to disease.
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์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Global agricultural production would plummet,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ๊ธ‰๋ฝํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
02:54
and entire ecosystems would collapse.
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์ „์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
But many politiciansโ€” weighing immediate economic concerns over long-term onesโ€”
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์€
์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:02
disagreed about what to do.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
The fight to ban CFCs found two unlikely allies
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CFC ๊ธˆ์ง€ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—†์–ด ๋ณด์˜€๋˜ ๋™๋งน์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
in US President Ronald Reagan and UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
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๋กœ๋„๋“œ ๋ ˆ์ด๊ฑด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ณผ ์˜๊ตญ ์ด๋ฆฌ ๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Despite their general opposition to government regulation,
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์ •๋ถ€ ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:14
Reagan, who had undergone treatment for skin cancer,
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์•” ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ ˆ์ด๊ฑด๊ณผ
03:17
and Thatcher, who was trained as a chemist,
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ํ™”ํ•™์ž๋กœ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ์Œ“์€ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๋Š”
03:20
recognized the need for immediate action.
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์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•จ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
The US and UK, along with Canada, Norway, Sweden, and Finland,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์˜๊ตญ, ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค, ๋…ธ๋ฅด์›จ์ด, ์Šค์›จ๋ด, ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ๋Š”
03:27
led calls for an international ban on CFCs.
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๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ CFC ๊ธˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
In 1987, representatives signed the Montreal Protocol,
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1987๋…„, ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋“ค์€ ๋ชฌํŠธ๋ฆฌ์˜ฌ ์˜์ •์„œ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
requiring the rapid phasing out of CFCs
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์˜์ •์„œ๋Š” CFC ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•  ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
03:36
and creating a fund to assist Global South countries
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์˜ค์กด์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ
03:39
in obtaining affordable, non-ozone depleting alternatives.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์กฐํ•  ๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
It was later ratified by every country on Earthโ€”
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์˜์ •์„œ๋ฅผ ๋น„์ค€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
the only treaty in history to achieve this.
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์กฐ์•ฝ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:49
In 1995, Molina, Rowland, and their Dutch colleague Paul Crutzen,
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1995๋…„, ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜, ๋กค๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ธ ํด ํฌ๋ฃจ์ธ ์—”์€
03:54
were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
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๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ฒจ ํ™”ํ•™์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
As the use of CFCs declined,
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CFC ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜ค์กด ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
03:59
the ozone hole began shrinking,
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04:01
and is predicted to disappear entirely by 2070.
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2070๋…„์ด๋ฉด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
But weโ€™re not out of the woods yet.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ์—ญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
While the ban was a win for the climate, as CFCs are potent greenhouse gases,
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CFC๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์˜จ์‹ค ๊ธฐ์ฒด์ด๋‹ˆ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:10
the alternatives that replaced themโ€” hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCsโ€” are too.
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๋Œ€์ฒด์žฌ์ธ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋ถˆํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ(HFC)๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
While generally less potent than CFCs,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ CFC๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
04:18
HFCs still trap more heat than carbon dioxide
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HFC๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์—ด์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€๋‘๋ฉฐ
04:22
and are contributing to climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
To address this, in 2016, the Kigali Amendment
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 2016๋…„์— ํ‚ค๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ์ •์ด
04:27
was added to the Montreal Protocol,
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๋ชฌํŠธ๋ฆฌ์˜ฌ ์˜์ •์„œ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:29
calling for an 85% cut in global HFCs by 2047.
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2047๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ HFC 85%๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ถ•ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
This alone could avoid up to 0.5ยฐC of global warming by the end of the century.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€
์ตœ๋Œ€ 0.5ยฐC์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
Today, as we face the existential threat of climate change,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์กด์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:43
the Montreal Protocol serves as a model for the decisive global cooperation
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๋ชฌํŠธ๋ฆฌ์˜ฌ ์˜์ •์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋ฉฐ
04:47
we need to combat it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
The question is, what will it take for us to come together again?
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” โ€˜์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€โ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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