How can you change someone's mind? (hint: facts aren't always enough) - Hugo Mercier

2,156,892 views

2018-07-26 ใƒป TED-Ed


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How can you change someone's mind? (hint: facts aren't always enough) - Hugo Mercier

2,156,892 views ใƒป 2018-07-26

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: YUJIN LEE ๊ฒ€ํ† : Won Jang
00:06
Three people are at a dinner party.
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์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋””๋„ˆํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Paul, whoโ€™s married, is looking at Linda.
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ํด์€ ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€
00:12
Meanwhile, Linda is looking at John, whoโ€™s not married.
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์กด์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Is someone whoโ€™s married looking at someone whoโ€™s not married?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:20
Take a moment to think about it.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:24
Most people answer that thereโ€™s not enough information to tell.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
And most people are wrong.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Linda must be either married or not marriedโ€”there are no other options.
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๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
์•ˆํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
So in either scenario, someone married is looking at someone whoโ€™s not married.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋“  ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
When presented with the explanation, most people change their minds
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ 
00:43
and accept the correct answer,
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์ •๋‹ต์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
despite being very confident in their first responses.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์—
๋งค์šฐ ํ™•์‹ ํ–ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:48
Now letโ€™s look at another case.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:49
A 2005 study by Brendan Nyhan and Jason Reifler
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2005๋…„์— ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“  ๋‚˜์ดํ•œ๊ณผ ์žฌ์ด์Šจ ๋ผ์ดํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
00:53
examined American attitudes regarding the justifications for the Iraq War.
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์ด๋ผํฌ ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Researchers presented participants with a news article
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์‚ด์ƒ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
that showed no weapons of mass destruction had been found.
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01:05
Yet many participants not only continued to believe that WMDs had been found,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ด์ƒ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:10
but they even became more convinced of their original views.
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์›๋ž˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋” ํ™•์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
So why do arguments change peopleโ€™s minds in some cases and backfire in others?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ 
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์—ญํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:20
Arguments are more convincing when they rest on a good knowledge of the audience,
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์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ์ฒญ์ค‘์„ ์ž˜ ํŒŒ์•…ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋” ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
taking into account what the audience believes,
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์ฒญ์ค‘๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”์ง€
01:27
who they trust,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
01:28
and what they value.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
Mathematical and logical arguments like the dinner party brainteaser work
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋””๋„ˆํŒŒํ‹ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ , ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ•ด์„ค์ด ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
01:35
because even when people reach different conclusions,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„
01:38
theyโ€™re starting from the same set of shared beliefs.
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๊ณต์œ ๋œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
01:41
In 1931, a young, unknown mathematician named Kurt Gรถdel presented a proof
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1931๋…„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž ์ฟ ๋ฅดํŠธ ๊ดด๋ธ์€
๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๋ช…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
that a logically complete system of mathematics was impossible.
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01:51
Despite upending decades of work by brilliant mathematicians
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
๋ฒ„ํŠธ๋Ÿฐ๋“œ ๋Ÿฌ์…€๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ํž๋ฒ„ํŠธ๊ฐ™์€ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:54
like Bertrand Russell and David Hilbert,
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01:56
the proof was accepted
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์ฆ๋ช…์€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
because it relied on axioms that everyone in the field already agreed on.
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์ด ์ฆ๋ช…์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Of course, many disagreements involve different beliefs
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ถฉ๋Œ๋“ค์€
๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ์ •์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
that canโ€™t simply be reconciled through logic.
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02:08
When these beliefs involve outside information,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ์™ธ๋ถ€์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:11
the issue often comes down to what sources and authorities people trust.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๊ท€๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
One study asked people to estimate several statistics
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ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ
๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
related to the scope of climate change.
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02:22
Participants were asked questions,
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ›์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
02:24
such as โ€œhow many of the years between 1995 and 2006
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"1995๋…„์—์„œ 2006๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์ด ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด
02:29
were one of the hottest 12 years since 1850?โ€
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1850๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋”์šด 12๋…„์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ๊นŒ์š”?" ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
After providing their answers,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ๋‚œ ํ›„
02:35
they were presented with data from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ˜‘์˜์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
in this case showing that the answer was 11 of the 12 years.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์ด 12๋…„ ์ค‘ 11๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Being provided with these reliable statistics from a trusted official source
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์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณต์‹ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฏฟ์„๋งŒํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:48
made people more likely to accept the reality that the earth is warming.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:52
Finally, for disagreements that canโ€™t be definitively settled
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ํ•ฉ์˜์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
02:56
with statistics or evidence,
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02:58
making a convincing argument
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์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ฒญ์ค‘๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
may depend on engaging the audienceโ€™s values.
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03:03
For example, researchers have conducted a number of studies
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
03:07
where theyโ€™ve asked people of different political backgrounds
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
03:10
to rank their values.
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๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
Liberals in these studies, on average, rank fairnessโ€”
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ
๊ณต์ •์„ฑ, ์ฆ‰, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
03:15
here meaning whether everyone is treated in the same wayโ€”above loyalty.
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์• ๊ตญ์‹ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
In later studies, researchers attempted to convince liberals
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ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ตฐ๋น„์ง€์ถœ ํ™•๋Œ€์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
03:24
to support military spending with a variety of arguments.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฃผ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Arguments based on fairnessโ€”
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๊ณต์ •์„ฑ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ์ฃผ์žฅ๋“ค
03:30
like that the military provides employment
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด '๊ตฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.' ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€
03:32
and education to people from disadvantaged backgroundsโ€”
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03:35
were more convincing than arguments based on loyaltyโ€”
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'๊ตฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋‹จ๊ฒฐ' ๊ฐ™์€ ์• ๊ตญ์‹ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
such as that the military unifies a nation.
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03:41
These three elementsโ€”
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๋ฏฟ์Œ, ์‹ ๋ขฐํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ์ถœ์ฒ˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๋Š”
03:44
beliefs, trusted sources, and valuesโ€”
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03:47
may seem like a simple formula for finding agreement and consensus.
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๋™์˜์™€ ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ณต์‹์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
The problem is that our initial inclination is to think of arguments
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š”
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฏฟ์Œ, ์ •๋ณด, ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์— ์˜๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ฃผ์žฅ๋งŒ ๋ฏฟ์œผ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
03:55
that rely on our own beliefs, trusted sources, and values.
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03:59
And even when we donโ€™t,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„
04:00
it can be challenging to correctly identify whatโ€™s held dear
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
by people who donโ€™t already agree with us.
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04:07
The best way to find out is simply to talk to them.
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์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
In the course of discussion,
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๋…ผ์˜ ๊ณผ์ • ์†์—์„œ
04:11
youโ€™ll be exposed to counter-arguments and rebuttals.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋ก ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
These can help you make your own arguments and reasoning more convincing
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋” ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
04:19
and sometimes, you may even end up being the one changing your mind.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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