Why is being scared so fun? - Margee Kerr

1,714,801 views ใƒป 2016-04-21

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Sigal Tifferet ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Roni Ravia
00:07
Somewhere right now, people are lining up to scare themselves,
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ืื™ ืฉื ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืืœื” ืžืžืฉ, ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื,
00:11
maybe with a thrill ride or horror movie.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืจื™ื, ืื• ื‘ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกืจื˜ ืื™ืžื”,
00:14
In fact, in October of 2015 alone,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2015,
00:17
about 28 million people visited a haunted house in the U.S.
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ื›-28 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืจื“ื•ืฃ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
00:23
But many consider this behavior perplexing,
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžืชืžื™ื”ื”,
00:25
asking the question,
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ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื:
00:26
"What could possibly be fun about being scared?"
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"ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›"ื› ื›ื™ืฃ ื‘ืœืคื—ื“?"
00:31
Fear has a bad rap, but it's not all bad.
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ืœืคื—ื“ ื™ืฆื ืฉื ืจืข, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘.
00:34
For starters, fear can actually feel pretty good.
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ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ืคื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื ืขื™ืžื”.
00:38
When a threat triggers our fight or flight response,
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ื›ืฉืื™ื•ื ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื ื• ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”'ื”ื™ืœื—ื ืื• ื‘ืจื—',
00:40
our bodies prepare for danger
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœืกื›ื ื”
00:43
by releasing chemicals that change how our brains and bodies function.
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ืข"ื™ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ืฉืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ื”ื’ื•ืฃ.
00:48
This automatic response jumpstarts systems that can aid in survival.
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ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžืชื ื™ืขื” ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช.
00:52
They do this by making sure we have enough energy
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ื”ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืข"ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
00:55
and are protected from feeling pain,
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ื•ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ืื‘,
00:57
while shutting down nonessential systems, like critical thought.
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ื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืžื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช.
01:02
Feeling pain-free and energized,
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ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืœืื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ื•ื ื˜ื•ืœื™ ื›ืื‘,
01:04
while not getting caught up in worrisome thoughts that normally occupy our brains,
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื•ืจื“ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“"ื› ืžืขืกื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ืžื•ื—ื ื•,
01:09
that all sounds great,
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ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ,
01:11
and it can be because this response is similar, though not exactly the same
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ืื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ื“ื•ืžื”, ืื ื›ื™ ืœื ื–ื”ื”,
01:15
to what we experience in positive, high-arousal states,
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ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื,
01:19
like excitement, happiness, and even during sex.
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช, ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืงืก.
01:23
The difference lays in the context.
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ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ.
01:26
If we're in real danger, we're focused on survival, not fun.
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืกื›ื ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช, ืœื ื‘ื›ื™ืฃ.
01:30
But when we trigger this high arousal response in a safe place,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—,
01:34
we can switch over to enjoying the natural high of being scared.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”'ื”ื™ื™' ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืคื—ื“.
01:39
It's why people on roller coasters can go from screaming to laughing within moments.
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฆืจื—ื•ืช ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื™ื•ืช.
01:46
Your body is already in a euphoric state.
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ื’ื•ืคื›ื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืื•ืคื•ืจื™.
01:48
You're just relabeling the experience.
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ืืชื ืจืง ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื”.
01:51
And though the threat response is universal,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ืช,
01:54
research shows differences between individuals
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ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื
01:57
in how the chemicals associated with the threat response work.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืจืฉื™ื ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื™ื•ื.
02:01
This explains why some are more prone to thrill-seeking than others.
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ื–ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžื” ื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืจื™ื’ื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื—ืจื™ื.
02:06
Other normal physical differences explain
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ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื
02:08
why some may love the dizziness associated with a loop-de-loop,
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ืœืžื” ื—ืœืง ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื—ืจื—ื•ืจืช ืฉื ื’ืจืžืช ื‘ื”ื™ืคื•ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืจื™ื,
02:12
while loathing the stomach-drop sensation of a steep roller coaster,
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื”ืžืชื”ืคื›ืช ืฉื ื’ืจืžืช ื‘ืžืงื˜ืข ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืชืœื•ืœ,
02:17
or why some squeal with delight inside a haunted house,
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ืื• ืœืžื” ื—ืœืง ืฆื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื”ื ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืช ืจื“ื•ืฃ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช,
02:20
but retreat in terror if taken to an actual cemetery.
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ืืš ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ืื™ืžื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™.
02:25
Fear brings more than just a fun, natural high.
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ืคื—ื“ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืœื ืจืง ืชื—ื•ืฉืช 'ื”ื™ื™' ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ื›ื™ื™ืคื™ืช.
02:28
Doing things that we're afraid of can give us a nice boost of self-esteem.
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื”ืขืฆืžื™.
02:32
Like any personal challenge,
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืืชื’ืจ ืื™ืฉื™,
02:34
whether it's running a race or finishing a long book,
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ืื ื–ื” ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื•ืฅ ืื• ืงืจื™ืืช ืกืคืจ ืืจื•ืš,
02:37
when we make it through to the end,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืงื• ื”ืกื™ื•ื,
02:38
we feel a sense of accomplishment.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ืฉื’.
02:41
This is true even if we know we're not really in any danger.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื™ื•ื.
02:45
Our thinking brains may know the zombies aren't real,
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ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืžืชื™ื ื”ืงืžื™ื ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืื™ื ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื,
02:47
but our bodies tell us otherwise.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
02:50
The fear feels real,
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ื”ืคื—ื“ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืžื™ืชื™,
02:52
so when we make it through alive,
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ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
02:54
the satisfaction and sense of accomplishment also feel real.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื’ื ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื.
02:58
This is a great evolutionary adaptation.
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ื–ื• ืื“ืคื˜ืฆื™ื” ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื ื”ื“ืจืช.
03:00
Those who had the right balance of bravery and wit
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ืืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืฅ ืœืฉื›ืœ,
03:04
to know when to push through the fear and when to retreat
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ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ืžืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืคื—ื“, ื•ืžืชื™ ืœืกื’ืช,
03:07
were rewarded with survival,
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ื–ื›ื• ืœืฉืจื•ื“,
03:09
new food,
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ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ,
03:10
and new lands.
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ื•ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
03:12
Finally, fear can bring people together.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืคื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื.
03:14
Emotions can be contagious,
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ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืงื™ื,
03:16
and when you see your friend scream and laugh,
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ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื—ื‘ืจ ืฆื•ืจื— ื•ืฆื•ื—ืง,
03:19
you feel compelled to do the same.
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ืืชื ื—ืฉื™ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื”ื•.
03:21
This is because we make sense of what our friends are experiencing
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช
03:25
by recreating the experience ourselves.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•.
03:28
In fact, the parts of the brain that are active when our friend screams
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื”ืฆื•ืจื—ื™ื,
03:32
are active in us when we watch them.
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ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื’ื ืืฆืœื ื• ื›ืฉืื ื• ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื.
03:35
This not only intensifies our own emotional experience,
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ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
03:38
but makes us feel closer to those we're with.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืžืงืจื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืืœื” ืฉืื™ืชื ื•.
03:42
The feeling of closeness during times of fear
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ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืคื—ื“
03:45
is aided by the hormone oxytocin released during fight or flight.
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ืžื—ื•ื–ืงืช ืข"ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ืŸ ืื•ืงืกื™ื˜ื•ืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืคืจืฉ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืณื”ื™ืœื—ื ืื• ื‘ืจื—ืณ.
03:50
Fear is a powerful emotional experience,
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ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืขื–ื”,
03:53
and anything that triggers a strong reaction
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ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืขื–ื”
03:55
is going to be stored in our memory really well.
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ื ื—ืจื˜ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื ื•.
03:59
You don't want to forget what can hurt you.
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ืืชื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืžื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื›ื.
04:02
So if your memory of watching a horror film with your friends is positive
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ืื– ืื ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกืจื˜ ืื™ืžื” ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื›ื
ื’ืจืžื” ืœื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™, ื•ื”ื•ืชื™ืจื” ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืกื™ืคื•ืง,
04:06
and left you with a sense of satisfaction,
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04:08
then you'll want to do it over and over again.
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ืืชื ืชืจืฆื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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