The Taino myth of the cursed creator - Bill Keegan

1,499,607 views ใƒป 2019-11-04

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Allon Sasson
00:06
Before the world of humans began,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ืœ,
00:09
there was the world of the gods, made of fields, plains and gardens.
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ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื, ืขืฉื•ื™ ืฉื“ื•ืช, ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื ื™ื.
00:15
Four brothers wandered this celestial realm.
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ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื—ื™ื ื ื“ื“ื• ื‘ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืฉืžื™ืžื™ืช ื”ื–ื•.
00:17
They had no family other than each otherโ€”
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืขืฆืžื --
00:20
they didnโ€™t even know who their parents were.
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ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื.
00:22
One of the brothers, Deminan, looked different from the others.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืื—ื™ื, ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ, ื ืจืื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ืื—ืจื™ื.
00:26
His skin was covered in painful scabs,
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ืขื•ืจื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ืกื” ื‘ืฆืœืงื•ืช ื›ื•ืื‘ื•ืช,
00:28
and he wondered why he alone had been marked with this affliction.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืชื”ื” ืœืžื” ืจืง ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ื”ื–ื”.
00:33
One day, while the supreme spirit Yaya was out in his gardens,
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ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื™ืื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื’ื ื•,
00:37
Deminan and his brothers snuck into Yayaโ€™s house.
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ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ื”ืชื’ื ื‘ื• ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืื™ื.
00:40
After feasting and exploring, they spotted a giant gourd hanging in the corner.
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืกืขื“ื• ื•ื—ืงืจื•, ื”ื ื’ื™ืœื• ื“ืœืขืช ืขื ืง ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคื™ื ื”.
00:46
But as they tried to look inside the gourd, they dropped it.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืœืชื•ื›ื”, ื”ื ื”ืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื”.
00:49
The gourd broke apart, releasing a deluge that swept the brothers away,
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ื”ื“ืœืขืช ื ืฉื‘ืจื”, ื•ืฉื—ืจืจื” ืฉื™ื˜ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืกื—ืฃ ืืช ื”ืื—ื™ื,
00:53
separating them from the celestial lands forever.
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ื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ืžื”ืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื“.
00:57
The waters from the gourd formed a new world.
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ื”ืžื™ื ืžื”ื“ืœืขืช ื™ืฆืจื• ืขื•ืœื ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:00
This realm was covered in seas, which didnโ€™t exist in the godsโ€™ world.
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื›ื•ืกื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืœื™ื.
01:05
The waters were full of fish and other creatures,
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ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืœืื™ื ื“ื’ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
01:08
and dotted with islands and caves.
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ื•ืžื ื•ืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื•ืช.
01:10
This world of seas was also cut off completely from the celestial realm,
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ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืฉืžื™ืžื™ืช,
01:15
and the brothers wandered aimlessly,
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ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ื˜ื• ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื”,
01:17
even more lost than they had been before.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื‘ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื™ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ.
01:21
One day, three of the brothers stumbled upon a house.
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ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ืื—ื™ื ื ืชืงืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
01:25
In the house lived an elder named Bayamanacao, and he invited them in.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื™ ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื‘ื™ืืžื ืงืื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ืคื ื™ืžื”.
01:30
When Deminan caught up slightly later, he followed them into the house.
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ื›ืฉื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
01:34
Bayamanacao told the brothers he was their grandfather
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ื‘ื™ืืžื ืงืื• ืืžืจ ืœืื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื
01:38
and gave them a gift of special cassava bread.
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ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ืœื—ื ืงืกืื•ื•ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
01:41
He revealed their family lineage to them:
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ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื ืืช ืฉื•ืฉืœืชื:
01:43
their mother had been the Earth Mother Goddess Itibi Cahubaba
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ืื™ืžื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ืืœื” ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืงื”ื•ื‘ื‘ื”
01:47
and had died when they were born.
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ื•ืžืชื” ื‘ืœื™ื“ืชื.
01:49
The brothers were grateful for his hospitality and insight into their past.
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ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืกื™ืจื™ ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื•ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจื.
01:55
But then Bayamanacao turned on Deminan,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื‘ื™ืืžื ืงืื• ืคื ื” ืœื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ,
01:59
blowing tobacco spittle from his nose onto Deminanโ€™s back.
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ื ืฉืฃ ืจื•ืง ื˜ื‘ืง ืžืืคื• ืœื’ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ.
02:03
The spot where the spittle landed immediately began to swell and sting.
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ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื”ืจื•ืง ื ื—ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื”ืชื ืคื— ื•ืœืฆืจื•ื‘.
02:08
Soon Deminan was delirious
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ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื ื›ื ืก ืœื”ื–ื™ื•ืช
02:10
and his back was so swollen his brothers feared he would die.
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ื•ื’ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื” ื›ื” ื ืคื•ื— ืฉืื—ื™ื• ืคื—ื“ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืช.
02:15
Not knowing what else to do, they cut open the welt.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื”ื ื—ืชื›ื• ืืช ื”ื ืคื™ื—ื•ืช.
02:19
A turtle emerged from the wound and swam away,
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ืฆื‘ื” ืฆืฆื” ืžื”ืคืฆืข ื•ืฉื—ืชื” ืžืฉื,
02:22
alternating easily between sea and land as she went.
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ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื•ื”ืื“ืžื” ื›ืฉื”ืชืงื“ืžื”.
02:27
When Deminan recovered from his delirium,
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ื›ืฉื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ืžื”ื”ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•,
02:30
he finally understood what the curse of his disease meant:
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืงืœืœืช ื”ืžื—ืœื”:
02:34
he was a caracaracol, able to communicate with the gods.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืงืจืงืจืงื•ืœ, ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืืœื™ื.
02:39
He was the link between the celestial realm and the earthly realm.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืฉืžื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช.
02:43
Deminan was the first in a long lineage of caracaracols.
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ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืงืจืงืจืงื•ืœื™ื.
02:48
The world of seas he and his brothers had created when they dropped the gourd
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ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื•ืื—ื™ื• ื™ืฆืจื• ื›ืฉื”ืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ืœืขืช
02:53
became the world of humans,
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ื”ืคืš ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืื“ื,
02:55
where the caracaracols who followed Deminan maintained the delicate balance
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ืฉื ื”ืงืจืงืจืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืื• ืื—ืจื™ ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ืŸ
02:59
between people and gods.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืœืืœื™ื.
03:01
But their unique power came at a price:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืขื ืžื—ื™ืจ:
03:04
Deminan and all the caracaracols who followed him
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ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจืงืจืงื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•
03:07
continued to suffer from the illness that had first marked Deminan as special.
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ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžื”ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืกื™ืžื ื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ืืช ื“ืžื™ื ืืŸ ื›ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
03:11
Represented in Taino carvings and figurines
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ืžื™ื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ืคื™ื ื•ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืื™ื ื•
03:15
with a swollen back and emaciated arms,
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ืขื ื’ื‘ ื ืคื•ื— ื•ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื›ื—ื•ืฉื•ืช,
03:18
the caracaracol is both cursed and blessed to be a conduit between worlds.
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ื”ืงืจืงืจืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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