Carne Ross: An independent diplomat

翻译人员: Xu Jiang 校对人员: Guo Tang

My story is a little bit about war.

我的故事是关于战争的。

It's about disillusionment.

是关于理想幻灭的。

It's about death.

是关于死亡的。

And it's about rediscovering

是关于在残骸碎片中

idealism

重新发现

in all of that wreckage.

完美主义的。

And perhaps also, there's a lesson

或许，也是一堂课程

about how to deal with

讲述如何面对

our screwed-up, fragmenting

我们糟透了的，残垣断壁的

and dangerous world of the 21st century.

危机重重的二十一世纪。

I don't believe in straightforward narratives.

我不相信直白的故事。

I don't believe in a life or history

我不相信在人生或历史中

written as decision "A" led to consequence "B"

决定A会导致结果B

led to consequence "C" --

从而导致结果C--

these neat narratives that we're presented with,

这些我们被讲授的，

and that perhaps we encourage in each other.

并且我们相互鼓励的简洁的故事。

I believe in randomness,

我相信随机性，

and one of the reasons I believe that

其中原因之一是

is because me becoming a diplomat was random.

因为我成为一名外交官就是很意外的

I'm colorblind.

我是色盲。

I was born unable to see most colors.

我从生下来就分辨不了大多数颜色。

This is why I wear gray and black most of the time,

这就是为什么我总穿灰色和黑色的衣服，

and I have to take my wife with me

我必须带着我的太太

to chose clothes.

为我选衣服。

And I'd always wanted to be a fighter pilot when I was a boy.

我小时候总希望成为一名飞行员。

I loved watching planes barrel over

我喜爱看着飞机快速飞过

our holiday home in the countryside.

我们在乡间的度假屋。

And it was my boyhood dream to be a fighter pilot.

我男孩子时候的梦想就是当一名飞行员。

And I did the tests in the Royal Air Force to become a pilot,

我参加了皇家空军的飞行员测试，

and sure enough, I failed.

当然的，我失败了。

I couldn't see all the blinking different lights,

我分辨不了闪烁的不同信号灯，

and I can't distinguish color.

我分辨不了颜色

So I had to choose another career,

所以，我必须选择别的职业，

and this was in fact relatively easy for me,

这对我来说还算容易的，

because I had an abiding passion all the way through my childhood,

因为在我的童年时期，我就有了这么一个持久的激情，

which was international relations.

那就是国际关系。

As a child,

我还是个孩子时，

I read the newspaper thoroughly.

我就很仔细地读报纸。

I was fascinated by the Cold War,

“冷战"的新闻很让我着迷，

by the INF negotiations

INF(Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces, 中程核导弹力量)

over intermediate-range nuclear missiles,

签署中程导弹条约的谈判也令我着迷，

the proxy war between the Soviet Union and the U.S.

还有苏联和美国在

in Angola or Afghanistan.

在安哥拉或阿富汗的代理战。

These things really interested me.

我对这些内容很感兴趣。

And so I decided quite at an early age

所以我很早就决定了

I wanted to be a diplomat.

我想当一名外交家。

And I, one day, I announced this to my parents --

我，有一天，跟我父母宣布了这个想法--

and my father denies this story to this day --

我父亲现在不承认这个故事--

I said, "Daddy, I want to be a diplomat."

我说道，”爸爸，我想成为一名外交家。“

And he turned to me, and he said,

他看着我，说道，

"Carne, you have to be very clever to be a diplomat."

”卡恩，你必须要特别聪明才能成为外交家。“

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And my ambition was sealed.

而我更加确定了我的抱负。

In 1989,

一九八九年，

I entered the British Foreign Service.

我加入了英国外交事务。

That year, 5,000 people applied to become a diplomat,

那年，有五千人应聘，

and 20 of us succeeded.

只有二十个人胜出了。

And as those numbers suggest,

这个数据说明，

I was inducted into an elite

我也被选入一个充满精英的

and fascinating and exhilarating world.

迷人的令人振奋的世界。

Being a diplomat, then and now,

成为一名外交官，以往和现在，

is an incredible job, and I loved every minute of it --

是一份很棒的工作，我热爱工作的每一分钟。

I enjoyed the status of it.

我享受工作状态。

I bought myself a nice suit and wore leather-soled shoes

我给我自己买一套很好的西装，我穿皮鞋

and reveled in

然后陶醉于

this amazing access I had to world events.

这个让我接近世界大事件的美妙的途径。

I traveled to the Gaza Strip.

我访问过加沙地带。

I headed the Middle East Peace Process section

我领导中东和平进程

in the British Foreign Ministry.

在英国外交部。

I became a speechwriter

我成为了撰稿人

for the British Foreign Secretary.

为英国外交大臣。

I met Yasser Arafat.

我会见过亚西尔 阿拉法特 (注：巴勒斯坦领袖)。

I negotiated

我同萨达姆的外交官们

with Saddam's diplomats at the U.N.

在联合国谈判过。

Later, I traveled to Kabul

后来，我去了喀布尔

and served in Afghanistan after the fall of the Taliban.

在塔利班失势后的阿富汗服务。

And I would travel

我用C-130运输机

in a C-130 transport

旅行

and go and visit warlords

去探访在深山中

in mountain hideaways

躲藏的军阀们

and negotiate with them

同他们谈判

about how we were going to eradicate Al Qaeda from Afghanistan,

关于我们如何在阿富汗消灭基地组织，

surrounded by my Special Forces escort,

我身边都是特种护送部队，

who, themselves, had to have an escort of a platoon of Royal Marines,

他们自己，都必须有一个排的皇家海军护航，

because it was so dangerous.

因为实在是太危险了。

And that was exciting -- that was fun.

是那很刺激，很好玩。

It was really interesting.

真的是很有趣。

And it's a great cadre of people,

他们是精英，

incredibly close-knit community of people.

不可思议的紧紧团结在一起的一群人。

And the pinnacle of my career, as it turned out,

我事业的顶端，事实证明，

was when I was posted to New York.

是我被派遣到纽约的时候

I'd already served in Germany, Norway,

我曾在德国，挪威，

various other places,

还有其他很多地方服务过，

but I was posted to New York

但是我被派遣到纽约

to serve on the U.N. Security Council for the British delegation.

作为英国代表团参加联合国安理会

And my responsibility was the Middle East,

我的责任是中东，

which was my specialty.

也是我的专长。

And there, I dealt with things

在那里，我处理类似

like the Middle East peace process,

中东和平进程，

the Lockerbie issue --

洛克比事件 (注：发生在苏格兰南端小镇的事件)--

we can talk about that later, if you wish --

如果你感兴趣，我们以后可以谈一谈--

but above all, my responsibility was Iraq

但是最重要的是，我的责任是伊拉克

and its weapons of mass destruction

和它的大规模杀伤性武器

and the sanctions we placed on Iraq

以及我们对伊拉克的制裁

to oblige it to disarm itself of these weapons.

以迫使它解除这些武器装备。

I was the chief British negotiator

我原是英国的首席谈判代表

on the subject,

在这个议题上，

and I was steeped in the issue.

我沉浸在这个事件中。

And anyway,

无论如何，

my tour -- it was kind of a very exciting time.

我的旅行--是非常非常令人激动的。

I mean it was very dramatic diplomacy.

我是说它是非常戏剧化的外交。

We went through several wars

我们经历了好几次战争事件

during my time in New York.

当我在纽约的时候。

I negotiated for my country

我代表我的国家

the resolution in the Security Council

在安理会上协商一份决议

of the 12th of September 2001

（这份决议）在二零零一年九月十二日

condemning the attacks of the day before,

谴责前一天的攻击 （注：911事件）

which were, of course, deeply present to us

这件事当然深深地为我们展现了

actually living in New York at the time.

在那个时候真正生活在纽约的情形

So it was kind of the best of time, worst of times

算是最好的时候，也是最坏的时候

kind of experience.

那种经历。

I lived the high-life.

我过着高品质的生活。

Although I worked very long hours,

尽管我工作时间长，

I lived in a penthouse in Union Square.

我住在联合广场的豪华公寓中。

I was a single British diplomat in New York City;

我是纽约市中一名单身的英国外交官；

you can imagine what that might have meant.

你可以想象那意味着什么。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

I had a good time.

我有过一段美好的时光。

But in 2002,

但是在二零零二年，

when my tour came to an end,

当我的任期即将结束的时候，

I decided I wasn't going to go back

我决定我不想回到

to the job that was waiting for me in London.

那份在伦敦等待着我的工作。

I decided to take a sabbatical,

我决定休假

in fact, at the New School, Bruce.

实际上，在新学院大学，布鲁斯。

In some inchoate, inarticulate way

早期时，说不清楚的情况下，

I realized that there was something wrong

我意识到有些事情不对劲

with my work, with me.

关于我的工作，和我自身。

I was exhausted,

我精疲力竭，

and I was also disillusioned

我的理想也破灭了

in a way I couldn't quite put my finger on.

从某种方式上说，我并不知道为什么。

And I decided to take some time out from work.

我决定花些时间在工作之外的其他事情上

The Foreign Office was very generous.

外交部很慷慨。

You could take these special unpaid leave, as they called them,

你可以享受这些特殊不带薪假期，他们这么说，

and yet remain part of the diplomatic service, but not actually do any work.

但是仍然属于外交服务的一份子，只是没有具体的工作。

It was nice.

我很好。

And eventually, I decided

终于，我决定

to take a secondment to join the U.N. in Kosovo,

采取借调加入了联合国在科索沃的机构，

which was then under U.N. administration.

也就是那时在联合国的管理之下。

And two things happened in Kosovo,

在科索沃发生了两件事，

which kind of, again,

又一次，

shows the randomness of life,

显示了人生的不确定性，

because these things turned out to be

因为这些事后来成为

two of the pivots of my life

我生命中的两个支点

and helped to deliver me to the next stage.

帮助我到达下一个人生阶段。

But they were random things.

但是，那都是很随机的事情。

One was that, in the summer of 2004,

一件事是，在二零零四年的夏天，

the British government, somewhat reluctantly,

英国政府，有点不情愿地，

decided to have an official inquiry

决定要展开对

into the use of intelligence on WMD

在伊拉克战争中

in the run up to the Iraq War,

对大规模杀伤性武器情报的正式调查，

a very limited subject.

这是个很有限的议题。

And I testified to that inquiry in secret.

我秘密地为那个调查作证。

I had been steeped in the intelligence on Iraq

我一直精通于伊拉克和大规模杀伤性武器的

and its WMD,

情报，

and my testimony to the inquiry said three things:

我对此次调查的证词阐述了三件事：

that the government exaggerated the intelligence,

即，政府夸大了那些情报，

which was very clear in all the years I'd read it.

从过去这些年来我所得知道的看来这很清楚。

And indeed, our own internal assessment was very clear

当然的，我们自己内部的评估很明确地指出

that Iraq's WMD

伊拉克的大规模杀伤性武器

did not pose a threat to its neighbors, let alone to us.

不对其邻国构成威胁，更不用说对我们了。

Secondly, the government had ignored all available alternatives to war,

其次，政府忽视了除了战争以外的所有可行的替代方案，

which in some ways

从某种角度说

was a more discreditable thing still.

这更加可耻。

The third reason, I won't go into.

第三个原因，我就不说了。

But anyway, I gave that testimony,

但是不管怎么样，我所做的证词，

and that presented me with a crisis.

也给我自己带来了危机。

What was I going to do?

我将要做的事。

This testimony was deeply critical of my colleagues,

这次的证词深深地批判了我的同僚们，

of my ministers, who had, in my view

部长们，照我看来，

had perpetrated a war on a falsehood.

正是他们的错误导致了这场战争。

And so I was in crisis.

同时，我也身处危机之中。

And this wasn't a pretty thing.

这不是什么好事情。

I moaned about it, I hesitated,

我呻吟着，我徘徊着，

I went on and on and on to my long-suffering wife,

我同和我一起受煎熬的妻子一同坚持了下来，

and eventually I decided to resign from the British Foreign Service.

终于，我决定从英国外交部辞职。

I felt -- there's a scene in the Al Pacino movie "The Insider," which you may know,

我感觉到--就好像艾尔帕西诺的电影“局内人”，你们可能看过那部电影，

where he goes back to CBS

他回到CBS

after they've let him down over the tobacco guy,

他们（CBS）对烟草公司内部人员决定使得他很失望，

and he goes, "You know, I just can't do this anymore. Something's broken."

然后他说，“你知道，我不能再干了。有些事不对劲。”

And it was like that for me. I love that movie.

这就好像我一样。我很喜欢那部电影。

I felt just something's broken.

我感觉就是有些什么东西不对劲。

I can't actually sit with my foreign minister

我不能再同我的外交部长

or my prime minister again with a smile on my face

或者我的首相坐在一起谈笑风生，

and do what I used to do gladly for them.

像我原先所做的一样让他们高兴。

So took a running leap

那感觉像飞跃起来

and jumped over the edge of a cliff.

跳过悬崖的边缘。

And it was a very, very uncomfortable, unpleasant feeling.

那种感觉非常，非常的不舒服，也不愉快。

And I started to fall.

我开始觉得失落。

And today, that fall hasn't stopped;

直到今天，仍然没有停止；

I'm still falling.

我依然觉得失落。

But, in a way, I've got used to the sensation of it.

但是，从某种方式上说，我已经习惯了这种感觉。

And in a way, I kind of like

从某种方式上说，我甚至有点

the sensation of it a lot better

更喜欢这种感觉。

than I like actually standing on top of the cliff,

比起我真正站在悬崖边

wondering what to do.

不知所措。

A second thing happened in Kosovo,

在科索沃发生的第二件事，

which kind of -- I need a quick gulp of water, forgive me.

不好意思，我要喝点水。

A second thing happened in Kosovo,

在科索沃发生的第二件事，

which kind of delivered the answer,

是关于获得一个答案，

which I couldn't really answer,

我也不能回答的答案，

which is, "What do I do with my life?"

那就是，“我要如何度过我的人生？”

I love diplomacy --

我热爱外交。

I have no career --

却没有一份职业。

I expected my entire life to be a diplomat, to be serving my country.

我期望我的整个人生都是一名外交家，为我的国家服务。

I wanted to be an ambassador,

我希望成为一名大使，

and my mentors, my heroes,

我的导师们，我心目中的英雄们，

people who got to the top of my profession,

那些到达事业的顶峰的人们，

and here I was throwing it all away.

我现在却要舍弃这一切。

A lot of my friends were still in it.

我的很多朋友还在其中。

My pension was in it.

我的养老金也在。

And I gave it up.

我却将它舍弃了。

And what was I going to do?

我下一步该怎么办呢？

And that year, in Kosovo,

那一年，在科索沃，

this terrible, terrible thing happened, which I saw.

发生了一件非常，非常糟糕的事情。

In March 2004, there were terrible riots

二零零四年三月，可怕的骚乱

all over the province -- as it then was -- of Kosovo.

遍布科索沃全部省份--那时的--科索沃

18 people were killed.

十八个人被杀害。

It was anarchy.

那是场混战。

And it's a very horrible thing to see anarchy,

无政府状态是很可怕的，

to know that the police and the military --

明知警察们，军队们--

there were lots of military troops there --

很多的部队驻扎在那里--

actually can't stop that rampaging mob

却不能够阻止蜂拥到

who's coming down the street.

街道上的疯狂暴民。

And the only way that rampaging mob coming down the street will stop

阻止那些冲到大街上的暴民的唯一方式是

is when they decide to stop

他们自己决定停下来

and when they've had enough burning and killing.

当他们觉得烧够了，杀够了

And that is not a very nice feeling to see, and I saw it.

那真不是什么美好的感觉，我亲眼看到了

And I went through it. I went through those mobs.

我经历了这一切。我亲历了那些暴民。

And with my Albanian friends, we tried to stop it, but we failed.

同我的阿尔巴尼亚朋友们，我们试着去阻止，我们却失败了。

And that riot taught me something,

那次骚乱教会我一些事情，

which isn't immediately obvious and it's kind of a complicated story.

不是很明显，也算是个复杂的故事。

But one of the reasons that riot took place --

发生骚乱的原因之一--

those riots, which went on for several days, took place --

那些骚乱，已经持续了好几天，--

was because the Kosovo people

是因为科索沃人们

were disenfranchised from their own future.

未来的公民权被剥夺了。

There were diplomatic negotiations about the future of Kosovo

当时有个关于科索沃未来的

going on then,

外交谈判，

and the Kosovo government, let alone the Kosovo people,

科索沃政府，更不用说科索沃人们，

were not actually

都没有实际地

participating in those talks.

参与到这些谈判中。

There was this whole fancy diplomatic system,

整体看似优良的外交系统，

this negotiation process about the future of Kosovo,

这次关于科索沃未来的谈判过程，

and the Kosovars weren't part of it.

科索沃却没有参加。

And funnily enough, they were frustrated about that.

可笑的是，他们感到很沮丧。

Those riots were part of the manifestation of that frustration.

骚乱是体现沮丧的一部分。

It wasn't the only reason,

这并不是唯一的原因，

and life is not simple, one reason narratives.

生活不是简简单单的，一个单一的故事。

It was a complicated thing,

那是个复杂的事情，

and I'm not pretending it was more simple than it was.

我并不是要假装它比表面上看起来的要简单。

But that was one of the reasons.

但是，那是原因之一。

And that kind of gave me the inspiration --

那给了我一个启发--

or rather to be precise,

或者更准确得说，

it gave my wife the inspiration.

给了我妻子一个启发。

She said, "Why don't you advise the Kosovars?

她说道，“你为什么不帮助科索沃呢？

Why don't you advise their government on their diplomacy?"

你为什么不在外交上帮助他们的政府呢？”

And the Kosovars were not allowed a diplomatic service.

科索沃不允许有外交服务。

They were not allowed diplomats.

他们不允许有外交官。

They were not allowed a foreign office

他们不允许有外交部

to help them deal with this immensely complicated process,

帮助他们处理这个极其复杂的过程，

which became known as the Final Status Process of Kosovo.

后来，这成为了众所周知的科索沃的最终地位进程。

And so that was the idea.

这个想法就是这样来的。

That was the origin of the thing that became Independent Diplomat,

那就是后来成为独立外交家的原始想法，

the world's first diplomatic advisory group

是世界上第一个外交事务咨询团体

and a non-profit to boot.

而且也是非营利的。

And it began when I flew back from London

它开始于我飞回伦敦

after my time at the U.N. in Kosovo.

在科索沃的联合国任期结束后。

I flew back and had dinner with the Kosovo prime minister and said to him,

我飞回后，在同科索沃的首相晚餐时，我对他说，

"Look, I'm proposing that I come and advise you on the diplomacy.

“看，我提议我来给你当外交参谋。

I know this stuff. It's what I do. Why don't I come and help you?"

我很了解这个领域。我就是做这个的。为什么我不来帮助你呢？”

And he raised his glass of raki to me and said,

他举起他的葡萄酒酒杯跟我说，

"Yes, Carne. Come."

“好，卡恩。来吧。”

And I came to Kosovo

于是我来到了科索沃

and advised the Kosovo government.

为科索沃政府出谋献策。

Independent Diplomat ended up advising three successive Kosovo prime ministers

独立外交家最终帮助了三位科索沃首相

and the multi-party negotiation team of Kosovo.

和科索沃多党派的谈判。

And Kosovo became independent.

科索沃独立了。

Independent Diplomat is now established

独立外交家也从此在世界上五个外交中心

in five diplomatic centers around the world,

建立起来了，

and we're advising seven or eight

我们帮助咨询了七到八个

different countries, or political groups,

不同的国家，政治团体，

depending on how you wish to define them --

根据你如何定义他们--

and I'm not big on definitions.

我不太注重定义。

We're advising the Northern Cypriots on how to reunify their island.

我们给予北塞关于如何统一它的岛屿的建议。

We're advising the Burmese opposition,

我们为缅甸反对派做咨询，

the government of Southern Sudan,

一个苏丹南部政府，

which -- you heard it here first --

你可能第一次听说他们--

is going to be a new country within the next few years.

在接下来的几年内将成为一个新的国家。

We're advising the Polisario Front of the Western Sahara,

我们给波利萨里奥阵线西撒哈拉提建议，

who are fighting to get their country back

他们为他们的国家

from Moroccan occupation

同摩洛哥而战

after 34 years of dispossession.

夺回34年的被剥夺的领土。

We're advising various island states in the climate change negotiations,

我们帮助多个岛国谈判气候变化

which is suppose to culminate

将会在哥本哈根达到

in Copenhagen.

高潮。

There's a bit of randomness here too

这里也有随机性

because, when I was beginning Independent Diplomat,

因为，当我开始成为一名独立外交家时，

I went to a party in the House of Lords,

我参加了英国上议院的聚会，

which is a ridiculous place,

真是很有趣，

but I was holding my drink like this, and I bumped into

我就这样拿着酒杯，但遇见了

this guy who was standing behind me.

站在我后边的人

And we started talking, and he said --

我们开始谈话，他说道--

I told him what I was doing,

我告诉他我是干什么的，

and I told him rather grandly

我很隆重地告诉他

I was going to establish Independent Diplomat in New York.

我要在纽约成立独立外交家。

At that time there was just me --

那个时候，只有我，

and me and my wife were moving back to New York.

我和我的妻子准备搬去纽约

And he said, "Why don't you see my colleagues in New York?"

他说道，“为什么你不来看看我在纽约的同事们呢？”

And it turned out

结果是

he worked for an innovation company called ?What If!,

他为一家叫？如果!的创新公司工作。

which some of you have probably heard of.

你们中的有些人可能听说过。

And one thing led to another,

于是一件事引向了另一件事，

and I ended up having a desk

我最后在

in ?What If! in New York,

纽约的？如果！公司工作，

when I started Independent Diplomat.

当我开始独立外交家的时候。

And watching ?What If!

看到？如果！

develop new flavors of chewing gum for Wrigley

为箭牌发明了一种新的口香糖口味

or new flavors for Coke

或者可乐的新口味

actually helped me innovate

实际上帮助我想到

new strategies for the Kosovars

新的外交策略，为科索沃

and for the Saharawis of the Western Sahara.

为西部撒哈拉。

And I began to realize that there are different ways of doing diplomacy --

我开始意识到有很多不同的方式来做外交，

that diplomacy, like business,

外交，就好像做生意，

is a business of solving problems,

是个解决问题的经营，

and yet the word innovation doesn't exist in diplomacy;

虽然在外交中不存在创新这个词；

it's all zero sum games and realpolitik

这一切都是零和游戏以及现实政治

and ancient institutions that have been there for generations

以及存在了几个世纪的元老型机构

and do things the same way they've always done things.

和他们一直处理事情的方式。

And Independent Diplomat, today,

独立外交家，今天看来，

tries to incorporate some of the things I learned at ?What If!.

尝试将我在？如果！学到的一些东西整合起来。

We all sit in one office and shout at each other across the office.

我们都在一间办公室，同办公室内的其他人大吵大嚷。

We all work on little laptops and try to move desks to change the way we think.

我们都在小型笔记本上工作，试着用移动桌子来改变我们的思维方式。

And we use naive experts

我们用天真的专家们

who may know nothing about the countries we're dealing with,

他们可能对我们面对的国家一无所知，

but may know something about something else

但是他们可能知道一些其他的事情

to try to inject new thinking

尝试将新的想法注入

into the problems

到问题解决中

that we try to address for our clients.

这正是我们尝试传达给客户的。

It's not easy, because our clients, by definition,

这并不简单，因为我们的客户，按定义来说，

are having a difficult time, diplomatically.

都在外交上困难重重

There are, I don't know,

我不知道，

some lessons from all of this,

从中的一些经验教训，

personal and political --

个人的，政治上的--

and in a way, they're the same thing.

从某种意义上说，都是同样的。

The personal one

从个人角度上说，

is falling off a cliff

就是从悬崖上摔下去

is actually a good thing, and I recommend it.

这实际上是一件好事，我向你们推荐。

And it's a good thing to do at least once in your life

在你的人生中这么做一次实际上挺好

just to tear everything up and jump.

只是将一切舍弃再跳跃。

The second thing is a bigger lesson about the world today.

第二件事是关于今天这个世界的一个更大的教训。

Independent Diplomat is part of a trend

独立外交家是趋势的一部分

which is emerging and evident across the world,

它正在世界各地兴起，势不可挡，

which is that the world is fragmenting.

世界正在瓦解。

States mean less than they used to,

国家跟它以往的意义相比，已经少了很多，

and the power of the state is declining.

国家的权利也在下降。

That means the power of others things is rising.

那意味着其他东西的权利在上升。

Those other things are called non-state actors.

那些是被称为非国家的东西。

They may be corporations,

它们可能是大公司，

they may be mafiosi, they may be nice NGOs,

它们可能是黑手党，它们可能是好的非营利性组织，

they may anything,

它们可能是任何东西，

any number of things.

任何数量的东西。

We are living in a more complicated and fragmented world.

我们生活在一个更加复杂更加支离破碎的世界中。

If governments are less able

如果政府缺乏影响问题

to affect the problems

的能力

that affect us in the world,

从而影响到在这个世界上的我们，

then that means, who is left to deal with them,

那么意味着，接下来谁将来面对它们，

who has to take greater responsibility to deal with them?

谁来担负起更大的责任来面对它们？

Us.

我们。

If they can't do it, who's left to deal with it?

如果它们做不了，谁将去解决？

We have no choice but to embrace that reality.

我们没有选择，只能接受现实。

What this means is

那就是

it's no longer good enough

这些将不能再被说成是足够好的，

to say that international relations, or global affairs,

国际关系或者说全球大事，

or chaos in Somalia,

或者是索马里的混乱，

or what's going on in Burma is none of your business,

又或者是在缅甸发生的事情都跟你没有关系，

and that you can leave it to governments to get on with.

你可以把这些交给政府来处理。

I can connect any one of you

我能够将你们中的任何一个人

by six degrees of separation

用六度分离法

to the Al-Shabaab militia in Somalia.

同索马里的青年保卫兵联系起来。

Ask me how later, particularly if you eat fish, interestingly enough,

待会儿再问我怎么样，但是如果你吃鱼，很有趣的是，

but that connection is there.

那就是一种联系

We are all intimately connected.

我们都紧密地联系在一起

And this isn't just Tom Friedman,

这不仅仅是汤姆 弗莱德曼，

it's actually provable in case after case after case.

这实际上可以通过一个又一个的案件证实。

What that means is, instead of asking your politicians to do things,

那意味着，除了要你们的政治家们处理事情，

you have to look to yourself to do things.

你们得自己处理事情。

And Independent Diplomat is a kind of example of this

独立外交家算是这样的一个例子

in a sort of loose way.

不严密的例子。

There aren't neat examples, but one example is this:

没有完美的例子，但是有这样一个例子：

the way the world is changing

世界运行的方式正在改变

is embodied in what's going on at the place I used to work --

我过去工作过的地方也在改变，

the U.N. Security Council.

联合国安理会也在改变。

The U.N. was established in 1945.

联合国成立于一九四五年。

Its charter is basically designed

联合国宪章基本上

to stop conflicts between states --

适用于阻止国家间的冲突--

interstate conflict.

利益冲突

Today, 80 percent of the agenda

今天，联合国安理会

of the U.N. Security Council

百分之八十的日程

is about conflicts within states,

都是国内的冲突，

involving non-state parties --

牵扯到非执政党--

guerillas, separatists,

游击队，分离主义分子，

terrorists, if you want to call them that,

恐怖分子，如果你们想这么称呼他们，

people who are not normal governments, who are not normal states.

他们是非政府的，非正式国家的人们。

That is the state of the world today.

那就是现今这个世界的状况。

When I realized this,

当我意识到这一点，

and when I look back on my time at the Security Council

当我回顾我在安理会的时光

and what happened with the Kosovars,

科索沃所发生的事情，

and I realize that often

我意识到通常

the people who were most directly affected

那些最直接受

by what we were doing in the Security Council

我们在安理会所作的决定的影响的人们

weren't actually there, weren't actually invited

却不在那里，却没有受到邀请

to give their views to the Security Council,

在安理会发表他们的观点，

I thought, this is wrong.

我认为，这是不对的。

Something's got to be done about this.

我们应该修正这个。

So I started off in a traditional mode.

所以，我开始了传统的方式。

Me and my colleagues at Independent Diplomat

我和我在独立外交家的同事们

went around the U.N. Security Council.

走访了联合国安理会

We went around 70 U.N. member states --

我们拜访了七十个联合国会员国--

the Kazaks, the Ethiopians, the Israelis --

哈萨克人，埃塞俄比亚人，以色列人--

you name them, we went to see them --

你可以一一列举，我们拜访了他们--

the secretary general, all of them,

联合国秘书长，他们所有的人，

and said, "This is all wrong.

都说，"这不对

This is terrible that you don't consult these people who are actually affected.

你不跟那些直接有关系的人们探讨是很糟的。

You've got to institutionalize a system

你应该建立一个系统

where you actually invite the Kosovars

你可以真正邀请科索沃人

to come and tell you what they think.

前来告诉你他们是怎么想的。

This will allow you to tell me -- you can tell them what you think.

这使得你告诉我--你可以告诉他们你是怎么想的。

It'll be great. You can have an exchange.

它太棒了。你们可以互换。

You can actually incorporate these people's views into your decisions,

你可以将这些人的观点整合进你的决定中，

which means your decisions will be more effective and durable."

这样你的决定变得最有效，最耐用。“

Super-logical, you would think.

完美的逻辑，你可能这么想。

I mean, incredibly logical. So obvious, anybody could get it.

我说，这个想法太棒了。很明显的，任何人都能做到。

And of course, everybody got it. Everybody went, "Yes, of course, you're absolutely right.

当然，每个人都懂了。每个人都说，”对，当然得，你绝对正确。

Come back to us

六个月后

in maybe six months."

回来吧。“

And of course, nothing happened -- nobody did anything.

当然，什么都没有发生。没有人做任何事情

The Security Council does its business

安理会还是老样子

in exactly the same way today

今天做事的方式同

that it did X number of years ago,

以往的方式一模一样，

when I was there 10 years ago.

同我十年前在那里的时候一样

So we looked at that observation

我们看着

of basically failure

这次的失败，

and thought, what can we do about it.

想着我们还能做些什么。

And I thought, I'm buggered

我想到，如果我

if I'm going to spend the rest of my life

将我的余生用于

lobbying for these crummy governments

游说于这些政府

to do what needs to be done.

我会累死的。

So what we're going to do

所以，接下来

is we're actually going to set up these meetings ourselves.

我们自己举办这些会议。

So now, Independent Diplomat

现在，独立外交家

is in the process of setting up meetings

正在筹备在联合国安理会

between the U.N. Security Council

和充满纠纷的党派之间

and the parties to the disputes

的会议

that are on the agenda of the Security Council.

在安理会日程上的会议。

So we will be bringing

我们带来了

Darfuri rebel groups,

达尔富尔反政府组织，

the Northern Cypriots and the Southern Cypriots,

北塞普勒斯人和南塞普勒斯人，

rebels from Aceh,

来自亚齐省的叛军，

and awful long laundry list

还有造成世界混乱冲突的

of chaotic conflicts around the world.

一份长长的名单。

And we will be trying to bring the parties to New York

我们打算将各党派带到纽约

to sit down in a quiet room

在一间安静的房屋做下来

in a private setting with no press

没有媒体的私下面谈

and actually explain what they want

同联合国的安理会的成员们

to the members of the U. N. Security Council,

好好谈谈他们想要什么，

and for the members of the U.N. Security Council

联合国的安理会成员们也来谈谈

to explain to them what they want.

他们想要什么。

So there's actually a conversation,

这样一个真实的谈话，

which has never before happened.

从来没有发生过的谈话。

And of course, describing all this,

当然，描述这些，

any of you who know politics will think this is incredibly difficult,

任何对政治有所了解的人都知道这相当相当的困难，

and I entirely agree with you.

我完全的赞同。

The chances of failure are very high,

失败的可能性非常非常高，

but it certainly won't happen

但是并不是不可能发生

if we don't try to make it happen.

如果我们尽力促使它发生。

And my politics has changed fundamentally

我的政治观点完全改变了

from when I was a diplomat to what I am today,

从我是一名外交家到今天的我，

and I think that outputs is what matters, not process,

我认为结果是重要的，而不是过程，

not technology, frankly, so much either.

坦白的说，也不是科技。

Preach technology

宣讲技术

to all the Twittering members of all the Iranian demonstrations

所有伊朗示威的Twittering成员

who are now in political prison in Tehran,

现在正在德黑兰的政治监狱里，

where Ahmadinejad remains in power.

那里内贾德依旧掌权。

Technology has not delivered political change in Iran.

在伊朗，科技不再传达政治变革。

You've got to look at the outputs, and you got to say to yourself,

看看结果，你会对自己说，

"What can I do to produce that particular output?"

”我能对造成这样的结果做些什么吗？“

That is the politics of the 21st century,

这就是二十一世纪世界的政治。

and in a way, Independent Diplomat

从某种方式上说，独立外交家

embodies that fragmentation, that change,

呈现出了那些正在发生的我们身边的

that is happening to all of us.

那些片断，那些改变。

That's my story. Thanks.

那就是我的故事。谢谢。