Playing with space and light | Olafur Eliasson

184,380 views ・ 2009-08-07

TED


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翻译人员: eva dovč 校对人员: Xu Jiang
00:18
I have a studio in Berlin --
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我在柏林有一个工作室
00:21
let me cue on here --
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让我从这里开始-
00:23
which is down there in this snow, just last weekend.
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就在上个周末,那里刚下了一场大雪。
00:27
In the studio we do a lot of experiments.
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在工作室我们会做很多的试验
00:29
I would consider the studio more like a laboratory.
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我觉得这样的工作室更像是个实验室。
00:31
I have occasional meetings with scientists.
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我偶尔跟一些科学家们见面。
00:34
And I have an academy, a part of the University of Fine Arts in Berlin.
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我在柏林美术大学有一个学会。
00:38
We have an annual gathering of people,
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每年我们都会将人们聚集起来,
00:40
and that is called Life in Space.
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这个就叫做“生命的空间”。
00:42
Life in Space is really not necessarily about
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“生命的空间”不一定是关于
00:46
how we do things, but why we do things.
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我们怎么做事,而是关于我们为什么这样做。
00:50
Do you mind looking, with me, at that little cross in the center there?
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请你们看中间的那小十字架。
00:53
So just keep looking. Don't mind me.
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你们继续看着它。不要理会我。
00:56
So you will have a yellow circle, and we will do an after-image experiment.
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你们会看见黄色的圆圈。你们看完我们要做一个残留图像的试验。
01:00
When the circle goes away you will have another color, the complementary color.
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没有圈子以后,你们会看见另一种颜色,是黄色的互补色。
01:05
I am saying something. And your eyes and your brain are saying something back.
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我在跟你们说的同时,你们的眼睛和脑子也就在给我回答。
01:09
This whole idea of sharing, the idea of constituting reality
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这个关于共享的想法,这样的想法把现实看成
01:12
by overlapping what I say and what you say --
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是我所说的和你所说的互相重叠-
01:16
think of a movie.
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就好像一部电影。
01:18
Since two years now, with some stipends from the science ministry in Berlin,
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这两年以来,用柏林科技部给我们的奖学金,
01:21
I've been working on these films
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我一直忙于完成这些
01:25
where we produce the film together.
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我们共同制作的电影。
01:28
I don't necessarily think the film is so interesting.
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我并不想说这部电影非常有趣。
01:30
Obviously this is not interesting at all in the sense of the narrative.
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显然从叙事角度来看,这部电影没有什么特别。
01:33
But nevertheless, what the potential is --
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可不管怎么样,这部电影的潜力是-
01:35
and just keep looking there --
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请你们继续看 -
01:37
what the potential is, obviously,
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它的潜力是,很明显的,
01:39
is to kind of move the border of who is the author,
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要改变谁是发起人和
01:41
and who is the receiver.
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谁是读者的界线。
01:43
Who is the consumer, if you want,
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换句话说,谁是消费者
01:46
and who has responsibility for what one sees?
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谁对你看到的事情负责任?
01:49
I think there is a socializing dimension
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我觉得改变这个界线
01:52
in, kind of, moving that border.
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也含有社会方面的内容。
01:55
Who decides what reality is?
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是谁来决定什么叫现实?
01:57
This is the Tate Modern in London.
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这个是伦敦的泰特現代藝術館。
01:59
The show was, in a sense, about that.
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可以说,展览的目的就是这个。
02:02
It was about a space in which I put half a semi-circular yellow disk.
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我在半空放了一个半圆形的的黄色圆盘。
02:07
I also put a mirror in the ceiling, and some fog, some haze.
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我在天花板贴了一个镜子,还加了雾和岚。
02:10
And my idea was to make the space tangible.
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我的想法就是把那个空间变成可感知的。
02:13
With such a big space, the problem is
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在那么大的空间内,问题是,
02:15
obviously that there is a discrepancy
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在你身体能接收的空间
02:17
between what your body can embrace,
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和空间本身,
02:19
and what the space, in that sense, is.
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很明显的,两者之间存在有差异的。
02:21
So here I had the hope that by inserting some natural elements,
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我希望加入一些天然的元素,
02:25
if you want -- some fog -- I could make the space tangible.
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比如说雾,可以把空间变成可感知的。
02:28
And what happens is that people, they start to see themselves in this space.
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然后人们就开始看到在这个空间的中的自己。
02:31
So look at this. Look at the girl.
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你们看这里。看这个女孩儿。
02:33
Of course they have to look through a bloody camera
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当然,没办法的,在博物馆人们要用照相机。
02:35
in a museum. Right? That's how museums are working today.
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对吧?今天的博物馆就是这样的。
02:38
But look at her face there,
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但是注意她的脸,
02:40
as she's checking out, looking at herself in the mirror.
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她像是就在照镜子,看镜中的自己。
02:42
"Oh! That was my foot there!"
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“哎,这就是我的脚嘛!”
02:44
She wasn't really sure whether she was seeing herself or not.
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她不能确定她看到的是不是自己。
02:47
And in that whole idea,
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所以,问题就是:
02:51
how do we configure the relationship between our body and the space?
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我们怎么能确定我们的身体跟空间的关系?
02:55
How do we reconfigure it?
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我们怎么能重新配置它?
02:57
How do we know that being in a space makes a difference?
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我们怎么知道我们对空间有没有影响?
03:00
Do you see when I said in the beginning, it's about
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你们还记得,我开始时说过的,
03:03
why, rather than how?
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更重要的是为什么,而不是怎么样?
03:05
The why meant really,
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为什么的意思就是,
03:07
"What consequences does it have when I take a step?"
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“当我迈出一步会产生什么样的结果?
03:10
"What does it matter?"
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”这个有关系吗?“
03:12
"Does it matter if I am in the world or not?"
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”我存在不存在于这个世界有什么关系?“
03:15
"And does it matter whether the kind of actions I take
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我是否用责任感来过滤我的行动
03:18
filter into a sense of responsibility?"
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又有什么关系?
03:21
Is art about that?
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艺术就是这样吗?
03:23
I would say yes. It is obviously about
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我看是这样。这显然不仅是
03:25
not just about decorating the world, and making it look even better,
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装饰世界和将它变得更漂亮。
03:28
or even worse, if you ask me.
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或者更差,如果你问我。
03:30
It's obviously also about taking responsibility,
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显然这是关于责任,
03:33
like I did here when throwing some green dye in the river
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像我这样把绿色燃料扔进河里
03:35
in L.A., Stockholm, Norway and Tokyo,
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在洛杉矶,斯德哥尔摩, 挪威,东京
03:39
among other places.
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等等。
03:41
The green dye is not environmentally dangerous,
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绿色燃料对环境没有什么坏处,
03:43
but it obviously looks really rather frightening.
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可看起来很可怕。
03:45
And it's on the other side also, I think, quite beautiful,
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我觉得,另一方面,它很美。
03:49
as it somehow shows the turbulence in these kind of downtown areas,
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在世界上不同的地方,它也算是
03:54
in these different places of the world.
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体现出市中心的喧嚣。
03:56
The "Green river," as a kind of activist idea, not a part of an exhibition,
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“绿河”这样的激进想法,不是展览的一部分,
04:00
it was really about showing people,
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我只是想告诉人们,
04:03
in this city, as they walk by,
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在城市里,就在他们走过的时候,
04:06
that space has dimensions. A space has time.
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他们就在空间的范围内。 空间具有时间性。
04:11
And the water flows through the city with time.
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河流过城市也是需要时间。
04:14
The water has an ability to make
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河水可以把城市变成
04:16
the city negotiable, tangible.
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可探讨的, 可触知的的。
04:18
Negotiable meaning that it makes a difference
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我说的可探讨的是说
04:20
whether you do something or not.
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你做或不做是有区别的。
04:22
It makes a difference whether you say, "I'm a part of this city.
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如果你说:“我是这个城市的一部分,“ 这是很重要的。
04:24
And if I vote it makes a difference.
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我投票也很重要。
04:26
If I take a stand, it makes a difference."
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如果我表明态度,这也很重要。
04:28
This whole idea of a city not being a picture is,
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不把城市看成一幅图片的想法
04:32
I think, something that art, in a sense,
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我认为,在艺术方面
04:34
always was working with.
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一直都很重要。
04:36
The idea that art can actually evaluate the relationship
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这种把艺术看成是
04:39
between what it means to be in a picture,
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确定作为图片的意义和作为空间的意义的关系的观点,
04:44
and what it means to be in a space. What is the difference?
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又有什么分别呢?
04:46
The difference between thinking and doing.
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想事和做事的区别。
04:49
So these are different experiments with that. I won't go into them.
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这就是一些不同的试验。我不想给你们讲得太仔细。
04:52
Iceland, lower right corner, my favorite place.
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冰岛,右下角,我最喜欢得地方。
04:56
These kinds of experiments, they filter into architectural models.
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这样的试验可以筛选出建筑模型。
05:01
These are ongoing experiments.
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这些是正在进行的试验。
05:04
One is an experiment I did for BMW,
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有一个是我为宝马公司做的,
05:07
an attempt to make a car.
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计划用于制造汽车。
05:09
It's made out of ice.
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用冰做。
05:11
A crystalline stackable principle in the center on the top,
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利用水晶结晶在顶部推砌的原理
05:14
which I am trying to turn into a concert hall in Iceland.
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我想把它作成冰岛的一个音乐厅。
05:17
A sort of a run track, or a walk track,
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一种跑道或者人行道,
05:20
on the top of a museum in Denmark,
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就在丹麦的一个博物馆的顶部,
05:22
which is made of colored glass, going all around.
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用彩色玻璃环绕着。
05:26
So the movement with your legs
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这样你每走一步,
05:28
will change the color of your horizon.
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地平线的颜色也跟着变化。
05:30
And two summers ago at the Hyde Park in London,
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两年前的夏天在伦敦的海德公园,
05:32
with the Serpentine Gallery:
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蛇形艺廊内:
05:34
a kind of a temporal pavilion where
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有一个时隐时现的亭子,
05:36
moving was the only way you could see the pavilion.
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你只有在移动中才能看到那个亭子。
05:40
This summer, in New York:
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今年夏天,纽约:
05:42
there is one thing about falling water which is very much about
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瀑布的最大的特殊性
05:44
the time it takes for water to fall.
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就是瀑布需要的时间。
05:46
It's quite simple and fundamental.
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这很简单也很基础。
05:49
I've walked a lot in the mountains in Iceland.
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我在冰岛时,爬了很多山。
05:51
And as you come to a new valley,
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当你第一次到新的山谷,
05:53
as you come to a new landscape, you have a certain view.
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看到新的风景,你会有新的看法。
05:55
If you stand still, the landscape
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如果你站不动,周围的环境
05:57
doesn't necessarily tell you how big it is.
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也不一定告诉你它是多么的大。
06:01
It doesn't really tell you what you're looking at.
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它也不会告诉你到底在看什么。
06:04
The moment you start to move, the mountain starts to move.
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你开始行动的时候,山也开始行动。
06:07
The big mountains far away, they move less.
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在远处的山,会动得慢一些。
06:09
The small mountains in the foreground, they move more.
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离你比较近得山,会动得快一些。
06:11
And if you stop again, you wonder,
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如果你又停下来,你会问自己,
06:13
"Is that a one-hour valley?
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“是不是要一个小时?
06:15
Or is that a three-hour hike, or is that a whole day I'm looking at?"
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或者三小时,又或者一天的?”
06:18
If you have a waterfall in there,
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如果周围有瀑布,
06:20
right out there at the horizon; you look at the waterfall
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就在地平线上; 你看着那个瀑布,
06:22
and you go, "Oh, the water is falling really slowly."
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你会说,“哦,瀑布的水流得挺慢。”
06:26
And you go, "My god it's really far away and it's a giant waterfall."
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然后你说,“我的天啊,那个超级大瀑布还是挺远的。”
06:29
If a waterfall is falling faster,
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如果瀑布的水流得快一些,
06:32
it's a smaller waterfall which is closer by --
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那个瀑布大概就是比较小而且比较近的-
06:35
because the speed of falling water is pretty constant everywhere.
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因为流水的速度在任何地方都差不多是一样的。
06:39
And your body somehow knows that.
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你的身体也算知道这些。
06:42
So this means a waterfall is a way of measuring space.
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所以瀑布可以说是测量空间的一种办法。
06:46
Of course being an iconic city like New York,
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像纽约这种象征性的城市,
06:50
that has had an interest in somehow
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在改变空间上
06:52
playing around with the sense of space, you could say that New York
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也十分重要。可以说纽约
06:55
wants to seem as big as possible.
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看起来很大的。
06:57
Adding a measurement
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加上一种测量
06:59
to that is interesting:
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变得更有意思:
07:01
the falling water suddenly gives you a sense
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那样的流水瀑布会让你想:
07:03
of, "Oh, Brooklyn is exactly this much --
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“其实布鲁克林就那么大-
07:05
the distance between Brooklyn and Manhattan, in this case
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布鲁克林和曼哈顿的距离,这么看起来,
07:08
the lower East River is this big."
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东河流域以下这么大呀。”
07:11
So it was not just necessarily about putting nature into the cities.
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不仅是绿化城市。
07:14
It was also about giving the city a sense of dimension.
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同时也带来另一种体验。
07:16
And why would we want to do that?
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那么,我们为什么要这样做?
07:18
Because I think it makes a difference
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因为一个处于大空间中的
07:20
whether you have a body
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身体和
07:23
that feels a part of a space,
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和一个只站在照片前面的身体,
07:25
rather than having a body which is just in front of a picture.
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有很大的区别。
07:27
And "Ha-ha, there is a picture and here is I. And what does it matter?"
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还有:“哈哈,那边是照片,这边是我。 这个有关系吗?”
07:30
Is there a sense of consequences?
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有没有后果?
07:33
So if I have a sense of the space,
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如果我感受空间
07:35
if I feel that the space is tangible,
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如果我觉得空间是可感知的,
07:37
if I feel there is time,
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如果我感觉的到时间,
07:39
if there is a dimension I could call time,
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如果我可以将距离称为时间,
07:41
I also feel that I can change the space.
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我觉的我有能力改变空间。
07:43
And suddenly it makes a difference
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突然间,
07:45
in terms of making space accessible.
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感触空间一下子就变得容易了。
07:48
One could say this is about
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可以说这个
07:50
community, collectivity.
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跟社区和集体有关。
07:52
It's about being together.
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是关于生活在一起。
07:54
How do we create public space?
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我们怎么营造公共空间?
07:57
What does the word "public" mean today anyway?
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“公共”到底什么意思?
07:59
So, asked in that way,
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这样提问题,
08:01
I think it raises great things about
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会引发很多关于
08:03
parliamentary ideas, democracy, public space,
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议会,民主,公共空间,
08:06
being together, being individual.
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集体,个体的重要议题。
08:08
How do we create
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我们怎么能想到
08:11
an idea which is both tolerant to individuality,
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一个容纳个体
08:14
and also to collectivity,
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又包含集体的想法,
08:16
without polarizing the two
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而且不把这两个概念
08:18
into two different opposites?
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变成相反的对立呢?
08:21
Of course the political agendas in the world
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当然,世界上的政治议程
08:24
has been very obsessed, polarizing the two against each other
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尽可能地用不同,更标准化的观点
08:27
into different, very normative ideas.
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将两者分开。
08:29
I would claim that art and culture,
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我觉得艺术和文化,
08:31
and this is why art and culture are so incredibly interesting
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这就是为什么今天的艺术和文化
08:34
in the times we're living in now,
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那么有意思。
08:36
have proven that one can
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它们证明了
08:38
create a kind of a space
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我们能创造出一个融合
08:41
which is both sensitive to individuality
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个人和集体
08:43
and to collectivity.
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的空间。
08:45
It's very much about this causality, consequences.
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关于因果关系和后果。
08:48
It's very much about the way we link
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关于我们怎么联系
08:52
thinking and doing.
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想法和做法。
08:54
So what is between thinking and doing?
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在想和做的过程中还有什么?
08:56
And right in-between thinking and doing,
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在想和做的中间,
08:58
I would say, there is experience.
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我想说,肯定有经验。
09:00
And experience is not just
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经验不仅是
09:02
a kind of entertainment in a non-casual way.
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一种不计因果的娱乐。
09:05
Experience is about responsibility.
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也离不开责任。
09:07
Having an experience is taking part in the world.
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积累经验就是体验生活。
09:11
Taking part in the world is really about sharing responsibility.
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体验生活其实就意味着担负责任。
09:15
So art, in that sense,
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所以艺术,在那个层面上,
09:17
I think holds an incredible relevance
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我觉得,对我们现在的生活
09:20
in the world in which we're moving into,
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可以说是非常重要的。
09:23
particularly right now.
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特别是现在。
09:25
That's all I have. Thank you very much.
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这就是我想说的。非常感谢。
09:27
(Applause)
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掌声
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