Playing with space and light | Olafur Eliasson

186,327 views ใƒป 2009-08-07

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jaeyoon Gimm ๊ฒ€ํ† : BAE HYEONHO
00:18
I have a studio in Berlin --
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๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์— ์ œ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
let me cue on here --
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์ž ๊น ์ด๊ฒƒ ์ข€ ๋„์šฐ๊ณ ์š”
00:23
which is down there in this snow, just last weekend.
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์ €๊ธฐ ์ € ๋ˆˆ ์•„๋ž˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด์ฃ .
00:27
In the studio we do a lot of experiments.
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์ด ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
I would consider the studio more like a laboratory.
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์ €๋Š” ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
00:31
I have occasional meetings with scientists.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด๋ž‘ ๊ฐ€๋” ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
And I have an academy, a part of the University of Fine Arts in Berlin.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์†Œ์†์ด์ฃ .
00:38
We have an annual gathering of people,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋†“๊ณ  ๋ชจ์ด๋Š”๋ฐ
00:40
and that is called Life in Space.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ์ž„์„ '๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Life in Space is really not necessarily about
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'๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์ธ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค'๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์—
00:46
how we do things, but why we do things.
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๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Do you mind looking, with me, at that little cross in the center there?
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์ €๊ธฐ ์ € ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ X์ž๋ฅผ ๋ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
00:53
So just keep looking. Don't mind me.
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๊ณ„์† ๋ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ ์š”.
00:56
So you will have a yellow circle, and we will do an after-image experiment.
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๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ์›์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ณด์ด์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž”์ƒ(ๆฎ˜ๅƒ) ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ• ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
When the circle goes away you will have another color, the complementary color.
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์›์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ‰์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋ณด์ƒ‰์ด์ฃ .
01:05
I am saying something. And your eyes and your brain are saying something back.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ . ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:09
This whole idea of sharing, the idea of constituting reality
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
01:12
by overlapping what I say and what you say --
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๊ฒน์ณ์„œ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
01:16
think of a movie.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:18
Since two years now, with some stipends from the science ministry in Berlin,
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2๋…„์ „ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์‹œ ๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ฐ›์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋น„๋กœ
01:21
I've been working on these films
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
where we produce the film together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์˜์ƒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
01:28
I don't necessarily think the film is so interesting.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์˜ํ™” ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
Obviously this is not interesting at all in the sense of the narrative.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ง์ด ์—†์ฃ .
01:33
But nevertheless, what the potential is --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€...
01:35
and just keep looking there --
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๊ณ„์† ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”...
01:37
what the potential is, obviously,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
01:39
is to kind of move the border of who is the author,
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ™”์ž์ด๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์ž์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
01:41
and who is the receiver.
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๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:43
Who is the consumer, if you want,
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์ด๋ƒ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
01:46
and who has responsibility for what one sees?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ง“๋Š๋ƒ?
01:49
I think there is a socializing dimension
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”
01:52
in, kind of, moving that border.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:55
Who decides what reality is?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ?
01:57
This is the Tate Modern in London.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ๋ชจ๋˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
The show was, in a sense, about that.
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์ด ์ „์‹œ๋Š”, ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:02
It was about a space in which I put half a semi-circular yellow disk.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์•ˆ์— ์›์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋…ธ๋ž€ ๋ฐ˜์›์„ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:07
I also put a mirror in the ceiling, and some fog, some haze.
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์ฒœ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ํ•ด ๋†“์•˜๊ณ , ์•ˆ๊ฐœ์™€ ์•„์ง€๋ž‘์ด๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:10
And my idea was to make the space tangible.
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์ œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์†์— ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ฒด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:13
With such a big space, the problem is
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํด ๋•Œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
02:15
obviously that there is a discrepancy
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
between what your body can embrace,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ
02:19
and what the space, in that sense, is.
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๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:21
So here I had the hope that by inserting some natural elements,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋„ฃ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
02:25
if you want -- some fog -- I could make the space tangible.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ , ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์‹ค์ฒดํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:28
And what happens is that people, they start to see themselves in this space.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ๋ดค๋”๋‹ˆ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
So look at this. Look at the girl.
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์—ฌ๊ธธ ์ข€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ € ์—ฌ์ž๋ฅผ์š”.
02:33
Of course they have to look through a bloody camera
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋“ค์€ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ๋”ฐ์œ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
in a museum. Right? That's how museums are working today.
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๊ตณ์ด ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€๊นŒ์ง€ ์™€์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์ด ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
02:38
But look at her face there,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์จŒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์ข€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”,
02:40
as she's checking out, looking at herself in the mirror.
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๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:42
"Oh! That was my foot there!"
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"์™€! ์ €๊ฑฐ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์ด์•ผ ์ €๊ธฐ!"
02:44
She wasn't really sure whether she was seeing herself or not.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ณธ์ธ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
And in that whole idea,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋˜์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
02:51
how do we configure the relationship between our body and the space?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ด€๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ.
02:55
How do we reconfigure it?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ.
02:57
How do we know that being in a space makes a difference?
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ ์˜ค๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:00
Do you see when I said in the beginning, it's about
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ' ๋ณด๋‹จ '์™œ'์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
03:03
why, rather than how?
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๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:05
The why meant really,
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'์™œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
03:07
"What consequences does it have when I take a step?"
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ฐœ ๋‚ด๋”›์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
03:10
"What does it matter?"
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"์–ด๋–ค ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€?"
03:12
"Does it matter if I am in the world or not?"
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธด ํ• ๊นŒ?"
03:15
"And does it matter whether the kind of actions I take
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€
03:18
filter into a sense of responsibility?"
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์˜ค๊ธด ํ• ๊นŒ?"
03:21
Is art about that?
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์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:23
I would say yes. It is obviously about
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„ํŠธ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
03:25
not just about decorating the world, and making it look even better,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ƒ์„ ์žฅ์‹ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
or even worse, if you ask me.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋” ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์•ˆ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ์š”.
03:30
It's obviously also about taking responsibility,
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์•„ํŠธ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
like I did here when throwing some green dye in the river
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ฐ•์— ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์–ด ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:35
in L.A., Stockholm, Norway and Tokyo,
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LA, ์Šคํ†กํ™€๋ฆ„, ๋…ธ๋ฅด์›จ์ด, ๋„์ฟ„
03:39
among other places.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
The green dye is not environmentally dangerous,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ œ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
03:43
but it obviously looks really rather frightening.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ณตํฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ฃ .
03:45
And it's on the other side also, I think, quite beautiful,
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๋˜ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—”, ๊ฝค ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
as it somehow shows the turbulence in these kind of downtown areas,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ, ์‹œ๋‚ด์˜
03:54
in these different places of the world.
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ํ˜ผ๋ˆ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
The "Green river," as a kind of activist idea, not a part of an exhibition,
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์ด '๋…น์ƒ‰ ๊ฐ•'์€ ์ „์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์šด๋™๊ฐ€ ์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
04:00
it was really about showing people,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ๋œ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
in this city, as they walk by,
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๋„์‹œ์—์„œ, ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:06
that space has dimensions. A space has time.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„. ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
And the water flows through the city with time.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
The water has an ability to make
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๋ฌผ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ต์„ญ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:16
the city negotiable, tangible.
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์†์— ์žกํžˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ .
04:18
Negotiable meaning that it makes a difference
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'๊ต์„ญ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
04:20
whether you do something or not.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
It makes a difference whether you say, "I'm a part of this city.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์•ผ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ .
04:24
And if I vote it makes a difference.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ 
04:26
If I take a stand, it makes a difference."
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
This whole idea of a city not being a picture is,
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๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:32
I think, something that art, in a sense,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”, ์•„ํŠธ๊ฐ€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด
04:34
always was working with.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
The idea that art can actually evaluate the relationship
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์•„ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ์† ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์† ์„ธ์ƒ์˜
04:39
between what it means to be in a picture,
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๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ฆผํ•  ์ˆ˜
04:44
and what it means to be in a space. What is the difference?
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์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ. ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
04:46
The difference between thinking and doing.
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์ƒ๊ฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด.
04:49
So these are different experiments with that. I won't go into them.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค ์ธ๋ฐ์š”. ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
Iceland, lower right corner, my favorite place.
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์šฐ์ธกํ•˜๋‹จ์— ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
04:56
These kinds of experiments, they filter into architectural models.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค์€ ๊ฑด์ถ•์  ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
These are ongoing experiments.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰์ค‘์ธ ์ž‘์—…๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
One is an experiment I did for BMW,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ BMW์˜ ์˜๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์ธ๋ฐ.
05:07
an attempt to make a car.
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋Œ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:09
It's made out of ice.
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์–ผ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
A crystalline stackable principle in the center on the top,
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์ƒ๋‹จ ์ค‘์•™์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒˆ๋ฆฐ ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์€
05:14
which I am trying to turn into a concert hall in Iceland.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์— ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ ํ™€์„ ์ง“๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:17
A sort of a run track, or a walk track,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ํŠธ๋ž™, ๋ณดํ–‰์ž ๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
05:20
on the top of a museum in Denmark,
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๋ด๋งˆํฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:22
which is made of colored glass, going all around.
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์ƒ‰์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
So the movement with your legs
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌํ’ˆ์„ ํŒ”๋ฉด
05:28
will change the color of your horizon.
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๋ˆˆ ์•ž์— ํŽผ์ณ์ง€๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
And two summers ago at the Hyde Park in London,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2๋…„์ „ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ ํŒŒํฌ
05:32
with the Serpentine Gallery:
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์„œํŽœํ‹ด ๊ฒ”๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ (Serpentine Gallery)์— ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
05:34
a kind of a temporal pavilion where
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์ž„์‹œ ํŒŒ๋นŒ๋ฆฌ์˜จ ์ธ๋ฐ
05:36
moving was the only way you could see the pavilion.
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ํŒŒ๋นŒ๋ฆฌ์˜จ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
This summer, in New York:
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…๋„ ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
05:42
there is one thing about falling water which is very much about
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๋‚™์ˆ˜(่ฝๆฐด)์˜ ํฐ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
05:44
the time it takes for water to fall.
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๋ฌผ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํฐ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
It's quite simple and fundamental.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ฃ .
05:49
I've walked a lot in the mountains in Iceland.
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์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฐ์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋…”๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
05:51
And as you come to a new valley,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณ„๊ณก์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด
05:53
as you come to a new landscape, you have a certain view.
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๋Šฅ์„ ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด, ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ฃ .
05:55
If you stand still, the landscape
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๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์„œ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ ์•ž์— ํŽผ์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜
05:57
doesn't necessarily tell you how big it is.
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๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
It doesn't really tell you what you're looking at.
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๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋งŒ์œผ๋ก  ๋ญ˜ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ .
06:04
The moment you start to move, the mountain starts to move.
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์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฐ๋„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
The big mountains far away, they move less.
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ์‚ฐ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด์ฃ .
06:09
The small mountains in the foreground, they move more.
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์ข€๋” ๋ˆˆ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ž‘์€ ์‚ฐ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
And if you stop again, you wonder,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์„œ์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
"Is that a one-hour valley?
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'์ €๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ณก์€ ํ•œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฏค ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋‚˜?'
06:15
Or is that a three-hour hike, or is that a whole day I'm looking at?"
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'์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฑธ์–ด์„œ ์„ธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฏค ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋‚˜?'
06:18
If you have a waterfall in there,
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ํญํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํŽธ์— ๋ณด์ด๊ณ 
06:20
right out there at the horizon; you look at the waterfall
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์ง€ํ‰์„ ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ค์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
06:22
and you go, "Oh, the water is falling really slowly."
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค๊ฒ ์ฃ  '์™€ ์ € ํญํฌ ์ •๋ง ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋„ค.'
06:26
And you go, "My god it's really far away and it's a giant waterfall."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ '์™€ ํญํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋‚˜๋ณด๋„ค, ์ •๋ง ํฐ ํญํฌ๊ตฐ.' ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
If a waterfall is falling faster,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:32
it's a smaller waterfall which is closer by --
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์ข€๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ํญํฌ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:35
because the speed of falling water is pretty constant everywhere.
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๋ฌผ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์†๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
06:39
And your body somehow knows that.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
So this means a waterfall is a way of measuring space.
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์ฆ‰ ํญํฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฃ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
Of course being an iconic city like New York,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‰ด์š•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š”
06:50
that has had an interest in somehow
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋Š”
06:52
playing around with the sense of space, you could say that New York
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‰ด์š•์€ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
06:55
wants to seem as big as possible.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œํ•œ ์ปค๋ณด์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:57
Adding a measurement
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฃ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
06:59
to that is interesting:
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
the falling water suddenly gives you a sense
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๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด
07:03
of, "Oh, Brooklyn is exactly this much --
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'์•„ ๋ถ€๋ฅดํด๋ฆฐ์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ €์ •๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋‚˜
07:05
the distance between Brooklyn and Manhattan, in this case
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๋ถ€๋ฅดํด๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ๋งจํ•˜ํƒ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ •๋„ ๊ตฌ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—”
07:08
the lower East River is this big."
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์ด์ŠคํŠธ ๊ฐ•(East River) ๋‚จ๋‹จ์ด ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ •๋„์ด๊ตฌ๋‚˜.' ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒํ•˜์ฃ .
07:11
So it was not just necessarily about putting nature into the cities.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๊ตณ์ด '๋„์‹œ์— ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ค์ž'๋Š” ์˜๋„๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
It was also about giving the city a sense of dimension.
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๋„์‹œ์— ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋”ํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:16
And why would we want to do that?
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:18
Because I think it makes a difference
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชธ์ด
07:20
whether you have a body
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ 
07:23
that feels a part of a space,
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๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
07:25
rather than having a body which is just in front of a picture.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ ์•ž์— ๋†“์—ฌ์ง„ ๋ชธ๋šฑ์•„๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
And "Ha-ha, there is a picture and here is I. And what does it matter?"
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'ํ•˜ํ•˜, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ. ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ง€?' ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:30
Is there a sense of consequences?
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š”๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
So if I have a sense of the space,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:35
if I feel that the space is tangible,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฉด
07:37
if I feel there is time,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:39
if there is a dimension I could call time,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:41
I also feel that I can change the space.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:43
And suddenly it makes a difference
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
in terms of making space accessible.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋” ์†์— ์žกํžˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:48
One could say this is about
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ฑ,
07:50
community, collectivity.
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
It's about being together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:54
How do we create public space?
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?
07:57
What does the word "public" mean today anyway?
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  '๊ณต๊ณต'์ด๋ž€ ๋„๋ฐ์ฒด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:59
So, asked in that way,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:01
I think it raises great things about
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋‘๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญํšŒ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ๋“ค, ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜, ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„
08:03
parliamentary ideas, democracy, public space,
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๊ตญํšŒ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ๋“ค, ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜, ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„
08:06
being together, being individual.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ํ˜ผ์ž ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:08
How do we create
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๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:11
an idea which is both tolerant to individuality,
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๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‚ฉ๋“์ด ๊ฐˆ ๋งŒํ•˜๊ณ 
08:14
and also to collectivity,
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์ด ๋‘˜์„ ์–‘๊ทน์œผ๋กœ
08:16
without polarizing the two
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์ด์งˆํ™” ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ
08:18
into two different opposites?
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๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
08:21
Of course the political agendas in the world
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋Š๊ณณ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์˜๋„๋“ค์„ ๋†“๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉด
08:24
has been very obsessed, polarizing the two against each other
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๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™•์—ฐ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ
08:27
into different, very normative ideas.
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์–‘๊ทนํ™” ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ˜ˆ์•ˆ์ด ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
I would claim that art and culture,
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ์š”,
08:31
and this is why art and culture are so incredibly interesting
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์ •๋„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ฃ 
08:34
in the times we're living in now,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์—”
08:36
have proven that one can
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋จน์œผ๋ฉด
08:38
create a kind of a space
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๊ฐœ์ธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋‘์—
08:41
which is both sensitive to individuality
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ํ˜ธ์†Œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„
08:43
and to collectivity.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
It's very much about this causality, consequences.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
It's very much about the way we link
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:52
thinking and doing.
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์ฃผ์•ˆ์ ์ด์ฃ .
08:54
So what is between thinking and doing?
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์‚ฌ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:56
And right in-between thinking and doing,
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์‚ฌ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™์— ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
08:58
I would say, there is experience.
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์ €๋Š” '๊ฒฝํ—˜'์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
And experience is not just
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'๊ฒฝํ—˜'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:02
a kind of entertainment in a non-casual way.
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๊ด€์กฐ์ (non-committal) ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
Experience is about responsibility.
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'๊ฒฝํ—˜'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
09:07
Having an experience is taking part in the world.
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์†์—์„œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
Taking part in the world is really about sharing responsibility.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
09:15
So art, in that sense,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„ํŠธ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ
09:17
I think holds an incredible relevance
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—
09:20
in the world in which we're moving into,
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์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
particularly right now.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:25
That's all I have. Thank you very much.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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