Mallika Sarabhai: Dance to change the world

翻译人员: Angelia King 校对人员: Xinli Geng

One day a one-eyed monkey came into the forest.

一天，一只独眼母猴来到森林里。

Under a tree she saw a woman

在树下，她看到一个妇人

meditating furiously.

正在沉思冥想。

The one-eyed monkey recognized the woman, a Sekhri.

独眼猴子认出这妇人，一个刹帝利族人。

She was the wife of an even more famous Brahmin.

她的丈夫是个有名的婆罗门。

To watch her better, the one-eyed monkey climbed onto the tree.

为了更好地看看她的样子，独眼猴子爬到了树上。

Just then, with a loud bang,

恰当其时，伴随着一声轰然巨响，

the heavens opened. (Claps)

天空打开了。（击掌）

And the god Indra jumped into the clearing.

然后天神因陀罗跳到空地中。

Indra saw the woman, a Sekhri.

因陀罗看见了刹帝利妇人。

Ah-hah.

啊哈。

The woman paid him no heed.

那妇人却没注意到因陀罗。

So, Indra, attracted, threw her onto the floor,

于是，受到诱惑的因陀罗将那妇人推倒在地上，

and proceeded to rape her.

上前奸污了她。

Then Indra disappeared. (Clap! Clap!)

事后因陀罗就消失了。（啪！啪！）

And the woman's husband, the Brahmin, appeared.

此时妇人的丈夫，那婆罗门人出现了。

He realized at once what had happened.

他马上就明白过来发生了什么事。

So, he petitioned the higher gods

于是，他向更高处的神灵陈情申诉

so that he may have justice.

希望能够获得公平正义。

So, the god Vishnu arrived.

于是，毗湿奴神降临。

"Are there any witnesses?"

“有无目击证人？”

"Just a one-eyed monkey," said the Brahmin.

“只有独眼猴一只”，婆罗门答道。

Now, the one-eyed monkey

这独眼猴子现在

really wanted for the woman, a Sekhri, to get justice,

确实想为这刹帝利妇人伸张正义，

so she retold events exactly as they had happened.

于是，它就将事情的经过原原本本地讲了一遍。

Vishnu gave his judgment.

毗湿奴做出了裁决。

"The god Indra has sinned,

“因陀罗神犯了罪。

in that he has sinned against ... a Brahmin.

在这罪行中侵害了一位婆罗门。

May he be called to wash away his sins."

我将召唤他来洗刷自己的罪行。”

So, Indra arrived,

于是，因陀罗也降临了，

and performed the sacrifice of the horse.

并且以一匹马作为牺牲。

And so it transpired

这罪行就此便蒸发了，

that a horse was killed,

只有一匹马被杀死了，

a god was made sin-free,

一个神的罪即被免去，

a Brahmin's ego was appeased,

一个婆罗门的尊严得到了安抚，

a woman ... was ruined,

一个妇人……被糟蹋了，

and a one-eyed monkey was left ...

剩下一只独眼猴子……

very confused at what we humans call justice.

为了我们人类所谓的正义而困惑。

In India there is a rape every three minutes.

在印度，每三分钟便有一起强奸。

In India, only 25 percent of rapes

在印度，只有百分之二十五的强奸

come to a police station,

报了警，

and of these 25 percent that come to a police station,

并且这百分之二十五报了警的案子中，

convictions are only in four percent of the cases.

只有百分之四是受害人报警。

That's a lot of women who don't get justice.

有很多妇女不想要得到正义。

And it's not only about women.

然而这不仅仅关乎妇女。

Look around you, look at your own countries.

看看你的周围，看看你自己国家。

There is a certain pattern in who gets charged with crimes.

因犯罪而被起诉的人群有特定的模式。

If you're in Australia, it's mostly aboriginals who are in jail.

如果你在澳大利亚，多数狱囚是原住民。

If you're in India, it's either Muslims or Adivasis,

如果你在印度，监狱里的多是穆斯林或Adivasis原住民，

our tribals, the Naxalites.

还有我们的族人，纳萨尔人。

If you're in the U.S., it's mostly the blacks.

如果在美国，则多是黑人。

There is a trend here.

这里面有一种趋势。

And the Brahmins and the gods, like in my story,

就像在我的故事中，婆罗门和神灵们，

always get to tell their truth as The Truth.

总是得以把他们的真实说成真实。

So, have we all become

于是，难道我们不都成了

one-eyed -- two-eyed instead of one-eyed -- monkeys?

独眼的猴子，或者双目健全的但困惑的旁观者？

Have we stopped seeing injustice?

我们是否对不公正已经视若无睹？

Good morning.

早上好。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）

You know, I have told this story

你知道，我已经把这故事

close to 550 times,

讲了550次，

in audiences in 40 countries,

在40个国家对着不同的听众，

to school students, to black-tie dinners at the Smithsonian, and so on and so forth,

从学校里的学生，到史密森纳研究院的黑领结礼服高级宴会等等等等，

and every time it hits something.

每一次这故事都产生一些触动。

Now, if I were to go into the same crowd

如果当时我走进同样的人群，

and say, "I want to lecture you about justice and injustice,"

然后说，“我想给你们讲讲正义和非正义。”

they would say, "Thank you very much, we have other things to do."

他们会说，“非常感谢，我们还有别的事要做。”

And that is the astonishing power of art.

这就是艺术的惊人力量。

Art can go through where other things can't.

其他事物无能为力之处艺术通行无阻。

You can't have barriers, because it breaks through your prejudices,

你无法预设障碍，因为艺术打破了你的偏见，

breaks through everything that you have as your mask,

它打破所有你用来作为面具的东西，

that says, "I am this, I am that, I am that."

就是常说的，“我是这个，我是那个，我是那个。”

No. It breaks through those.

没用，艺术将这些统统打破。

And it reaches somewhere where other things don't.

它触及的地方没有别的事物可以到达。

And in a world where attitudes are so difficult to change,

并且在这样一个态度很难被改变的世界里，

we need a language that reaches through.

我们需要一种语言能穿越这层隔膜。

Hitler knew it; he used Wagner

希特勒明白这一点；他用瓦格纳的音乐

to make all the Nazis feel wonderful and Aryan.

来让纳粹分子感觉无与伦比以及“像雅利安人”。

And Mr. Berlusconi knows it, as he sits atop

意大利总理西尔维奥·贝卢斯科先生也明白这一点，他高坐在

this huge empire of media and television and so on and so forth.

这个巨大的媒体电视帝国之巅。此外不胜列举。

And all of the wonderful creative minds who are in all the advertising agencies,

还有所有广告行业里的最好的创意头脑，

and who help corporate sell us things we absolutely don't require,

他们帮助企业向我们销售我们根本不需要的商品，

they also know the power of the arts.

他们也知道艺术的力量。

For me it came very early.

对我来说，艺术降临很早。

When I was a young child, my mother, who was a choreographer,

当我还是个小孩子，我的母亲，一个编舞者，

came upon a phenomenon that worried her.

注意到一个令她担忧的现象。

It was a phenomenon where young brides

这现象就是在古吉拉特邦边远乡下

were committing suicide in rural Gujarat,

很多年轻的新娘相继结束自己的生命，

because they were being forced to bring more and more money for their in-laws' families.

因为她们被迫要为夫家带来越来越多的嫁妆钱。

And she created a dance piece which then Prime Minister Nehru saw.

于是我妈妈编了一支舞蹈，这支舞后来总理尼赫鲁也看到了。

He came to talk to her and said, "What is this about?"

总理来问我妈妈说，“这舞表达的是什么？”

She told him and he set out the first inquiry

妈妈向他说明年轻妇女自杀的问题，而总理就此开始针对此事最早的调查，

into what today we call Dowry Dance.

今天我们把这舞叫做陪嫁之舞。

Imagine a dance piece

想象一下，一支舞

for the first inquiry into something

引起对某一社会问题的调查，

that even today kills thousands of women.

时至今日这一社会问题还令成千上万妇女失去生命。

Many years later, when I was working with the director Peter Brook

很多年以后，当我与导演Peter Brook一起工作

in "The Mahabharata" playing this feisty feminine feminist

在“The Mahabharata”里扮演一个活跃的有女人味的女权主义者，

called Draupadi, I had similar experiences.

她名叫Draupadi。我自己也有类似的体验。

Big fat black mamas in the Bronx

来自布朗克斯区的胖黑人大妈

used to come and say, "Hey girl, that's it!"

总会上前来说，“嘿姑娘，就是这么回事！”

And then these trendy young things in the Sorbonne would say,

然后那些巴黎索邦大学的年轻小妞们会说：

"Madame Draupadi, on n'est pas feministe, mais ça? Ça!"

“Draupadi夫人不是女权主义者，是吗？是吧！”

And then aboriginal women in Africa

非洲的原住民妇女

would come and say, "This is it!"

会说，“就是这样！”

And I thought, "This is what we need,

我想，“这就是我们需要的，

as a language."

作为一种通行的语言。“

We had somebody from public health. And Devdutt also mentioned public health.

我们有人来自公共健康领域。并且帕塔奈克博士（Devdutt Pattanaik）也提到了公共健康。

Well, millions of people around the world die

好吧，每年世界各地有数百万人

of waterborne disease every year.

因水传播疾病而死。

And that's because there is no clean water to drink,

仅仅因为没有干净的饮用水，

or in countries like India,

或者象印度这样的国家里，

people don't know that they need to soap their hands before defecation.

人们不知道应该便后洗手。

So, what do they do?

那么，他们是怎么做的呢？

They drink the water they know is dirty,

他们喝下已知不洁的水，

they get cholera, they get diarrhea, they get jaundice

感染霍乱，感染疟疾和黄疸，

and they die.

然后他们就死去了。

And governments have not been able to provide clean water.

政府无力提供干净的水源。

They try and build it. They try and build pipelines; it doesn't happen.

他们尝试建造水源，尝试建造水管系统；但是没有实现。

And the MNCs give them machines that they cannot afford.

众多跨国公司提供了政府无力负担的机器设备。

So what do you do? Do you let them die?

那么我们会怎么做呢？任凭他们死去？

Well, somebody had a great idea.

有人有了个好主意。

And it was a simple idea. It was an idea that could not profit anybody

并且是个简单的主意。这个主意不能为任何人谋取利润，

but would help health in every field.

但能在每个地方令人们更健康。

Most houses in Asia and India

在亚洲和印度的大多数房屋里

have a cotton garment.

都能找到一件棉质外衣。

And it was discovered, and WHO endorses this,

人们发现，并且世界卫生组织也赞成这一点，

that a clean cotton garment folded eight times over,

一件棉布外衣折叠八次后

can reduce bacteria up to 80 percent from water sieved through.

可以从渗过的水中减少百分之八十的细菌。

So, why aren't governments blaring this on television?

那么，为什么各国政府不在电视上大大地宣扬这件事呢？

Why isn't it on every poster across the third world?

为什么这个办法不在世界上每一张招贴海报上出现呢？

Because there is no profit in it.

因为其中没有利润可以赚取。

Because nobody can get a kickback.

因为没有人能得到回扣。

But it still needs to get to people.

但是它还是需要传达给人们。

And here is one of the ways we get it to people.

这视频演示的就是传达给大众的其中一种办法。

[Video] Woman: Then get me one of those fancy water purifiers.

【视频】女人：那么就给我这么一个高级净水器吧。

Man: You know how expensive those are.

男人：你知道这净水器有多贵吗？

I have a solution that requires neither machine,

我有个方法既不需要机器，

nor wood, nor cooking gas.

也不需要木头，也不需要烧饭煤气。

Woman: What solution?

女人： 这解决方法是什么？

Man: Listen, go fetch that cotton sari you have.

男人：听好了，拿来你穿的棉布莎莉。

Boy: Grand-dad, tell me the solution please.

男孩：祖父，请告诉我解决方法。

Man: I will tell all of you. Just wait.

男人：我待会儿会告诉你们所有人，稍等一下。

Woman: Here father. (Man: Is it clean?) Woman: Yes, of course.

女人：给你，父亲。（男人：干净吗？）女人：当然。

Man: Then do as I tell you. Fold the sari into eight folds.

男人：好，那就按我说的做。请把这衣服折叠八次。

Woman: All right, father.

女人：好的，父亲。

Man: And you, you count that she does it right. (Boy: All right, grand-dad.)

男人：你来数她折叠的次数。（男孩：没问题，爷爷。）

Man: One, two, three, four folds we make.

男人：一，二，三，我们折叠了四次。

All the germs from the water we take.

我们过滤水中的所有病菌。

Chorus: One, two, three, four folds we make.

齐声：一，二，三，我们折叠了四次。

All the germs from the water we take.

我们过滤水中的所有病菌。

Five, six, seven, eight folds we make.

五，六，七，我们折叠了八次。

Our drinking water safe we make.

我们得到了安全饮用水。

Five, six, seven, eight folds we make.

五，六，七，我们折叠了八次。

Our drinking water safe we make.

我们得到了安全饮用水。

Woman: Here, father, your eight-times folded cotton sari.

女人：父亲，这是你折叠八次的棉莎莉。

Man: So this is the cotton sari.

男人：这就是那件莎莉。

And through this we will have clean water.

通过它的过滤，我们喝上了干净水。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）

I think it's safe to say that all of us here

我想，应该说所有现在在场的人，我们

are deeply concerned about the escalating violence in our daily lives.

对于日常生活中不断升级的暴力都深感担忧。

While universities are trying to devise courses in conflict resolution,

许多大学在试图设计课程来消除矛盾，

and governments are trying to stop skirmishes at borders,

政府则努力减少边界冲突，

we are surrounded by violence, whether it's road rage,

我们被暴力包围，无论是路上的交通暴力，

or whether it's domestic violence,

家庭暴力，

whether it's a teacher beating up a student and killing her

还是教师殴打学生致死，

because she hasn't done her homework, it's everywhere.

仅仅因为她没有完成家庭作业，总之暴力无处不在。

So, why are we not doing something

那么，为什么我们不做点什么

to actually attend that problem on a day to day basis?

用日常的努力还对付这些问题呢？

What are we doing to try and make children

我们正在力图使孩子们

and young people realize

和年轻人意识到

that violence is something that we indulge in,

我们已沉溺于暴力，

that we can stop,

但我们可以停止暴力，

and that there are other ways of actually

并且存在其他的办法能够真正

taking violence, taking anger, taking frustrations

把暴力，愤怒，和挫败变成

into different things that do not harm other people.

不同的情绪并避免伤害别人。

Well, here is one such way.

那么，现在就有这么一个办法。

(Video) (Laughs) You are peaceful people.

（视频）（笑声）你们都是温和的人。

Your parents were peaceful people.

你们的父母都是平和的人。

Your grandparents were peaceful people.

你们的祖父母也都是平和的人。

So much peace in one place?

一家里有这么多平和的人？

How could it be otherwise?

除了平和还能如何？

(Music)

（音乐）

But, what if ...

但是，如果……

Yes. What if ...

是的，如果万一……

One little gene in you

只是你身上的一点点基因

has been trying to get through?

在努力传承下去？

From your beginnings in Africa,

从你在非洲最早的祖先开始，

through each generation, may be passed on to you,

穿越每一代人，也许最终在诞生过程中传递给了你，

in your creation. It's a secret urge, hiding deep in you.

这是一种隐秘的冲动，深藏在你身体里。

And if it's in you, then it's in me too. Oh, dear.

并且如果它在你身体里，那么也就在我身体里。天哪。

It's what made you smack your baby brother,

正是它让你揍你的小弟弟，

stamp on a cockroach, scratch your mother.

打死一只蟑螂，抓伤你的妈妈。

It's the feeling that wells up from deep inside,

这种感觉从心灵深处涌现出来，

when your husband comes home drunk and you wanna tan his hide.

当你的丈夫醉醺醺地回到家，你恨不得上去揍他一顿。

Want to kill that cyclist on the way to work,

或是在上班路上想要杀死那些自行车骑士，

and string up your cousin 'cause she's such a jerk. Oh, dear.

还有想要吊死你的侄女因为她是那么混帐。天哪。

And as for outsiders, white, black or brown,

至于那些外来人，白人，黑人或棕色人种，

tar and feather them, and whip them out of town.

给他们涂满柏油沾满羽毛用鞭子赶出城去。

It's that little gene. It's small and it's mean.

就是这么一小点基因。小而卑劣的基因。

Too small for detection, it's your built-in protection.

太小了以至于难以察觉，它是你的内建保护机制。

Adrenaline, kill. It'll give you the will.

肾上腺激素，杀戮。这基因让你有这样的欲望。

Yes, you'd better face it 'cause you can't displace it.

是的，你最好面对它，因为你无法剔除它。

You're V-I-O-L-E-N-T.

你是 暴——力——的。

Cause you're either a victim, or on top, like me.

因为，你要么就是个暴力受害者，要么，你就凌驾于暴力之上，像我一样。

Goodbye, Abraham Lincoln.

再见，亚伯拉罕·林肯。

Goodbye, Mahatma Gandhi.

再见，圣雄甘地。

Goodbye, Martin Luther King.

再见，马丁·路德金。

Hello, gangs from this neighborhood

你好，这一街区的黑帮

killing gangs from that neighborhood.

对另一街区的帮派大开杀戒。

Hello governments of rich countries

你好，富国的政府们

selling arms to governments of poor countries

把军火卖给穷国的政府们，

who can't even afford to give them food.

以至于穷国政府都无力承担向大众供应食物。

Hello civilization. Hello, 21st century.

你好文明世界。你好二十一世纪。

Look what we've ...

看看我们做的……

look what they've done.

看看人们都做了什么。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）

Mainstream art, cinema,

主流艺术，电影，

has been used across the world to talk about social issues.

在全世界都已经被用来讨论社会问题。

A few years ago we had a film called Rang De Basanti,

几年前有一部电影叫做Rang De Basanti（芭萨提的颜色），

which suddenly spawned thousands of young people

突然令成千上万的年轻人着迷，

wanting to volunteer for social change.

使得他们志愿参与推动社会变革。

In Venezuela, one of the most popular

在委内瑞拉，其中一部最受欢迎的肥皂剧

soap operas has a heroine called Crystal.

有个女主角叫做Crystal。

And when, onscreen, Crystal got breast cancer,

当屏幕上的Crystal患上了乳腺癌，

75,000 more young women went to have mammographies done.

有七万五千新增的年轻女性去做了早期胸部肿瘤X射线照相。

And of course, "The Vagina Monologues" we know about.

当然还有，我们都知道的“阴道独白”。

And there are stand-up comics

还有那些栋笃笑表演

who are talking about racial issues, about ethnic issues.

谈论的是关于伦理道德的尖锐话题。

So, why is it,

那么，为什么会这样呢，

that if we think that we all agree

如果因为我们认为所有人一致同意

that we need a better world,

我们需要一个更好的世界，

we need a more just world,

我们需要一个更公正的世界，

why is it that we are not using the one language

那为什么我们没有在使用那共同的语言，

that has consistently showed us

而这语言已经一直在向我们展示

that we can break down barriers, that we can reach people?

我们有能力打破藩篱，我们有能力触及人们的内心？

What I need to say to the planners of the world,

我要向那些世界的规划者决策者说，

the governments, the strategists

那些政府，策略专家们，

is, "You have treated the arts as the cherry on the cake.

我要向他们说，“你们一直把艺术当作蛋糕上的浆果。

It needs to be the yeast."

然而它应当成为酵母。”

Because, any future planning,

因为，任何对未来的规划，

if 2048 is when we want to get there,

如果2048年我们还指望存在，

unless the arts are put with the scientists,

除非艺术被所有科学家，

with the economists,

经济学家，

with all those who prepare for the future, badly,

以及所有那些为未来做准备的人所接纳，除非这样，

we're not going to get there.

否则，很不幸到2048年我们美好公正的世界可能不会存在。

And unless this is actually internalized, it won't happen.

并且，除非这一点真正遍及世界，否则这美好公正世界永远不会成为现实。

So, what is it that we require? What is it that we need?

那么我们需要什么呢？我们需要什么来实现呢？

We need to break down our vision

我们需要仔细分析我们的想法

of what planners are,

关于未来规划者应该是什么样，

of what the correct way of a path is.

关于正确合适的道路是什么。

And to say all these years of trying

然而，这么多年

to make a better world, and we have failed.

建立一个更好世界的努力尝试，我们还是失败了。

There are more people being raped. There are more wars.

被强奸的人更多了。战争更多了。

There are more people dying of simple things.

有更多的人因简单的事情而死去。

So, something has got to give. And that is what I want.

所以，应当还要有所付出。这就是我希望的。

Can I have my last audio track please?

能不能请把刚才最后那个音乐放一下？

Once there was a princess who whistled beautifully.

从前有个公主口哨吹得很美。

(Whistling)

（吹口哨）

Her father the king said, "Don't whistle."

她的父亲国王说，“不许吹口哨。”

Her mother the queen said, "Hai, don't whistle."

她母亲皇后说，“哎呀，别吹口哨。”

But the princess continued whistling.

但公主还是接着吹。

(Whistling)

（吹口哨）

The years went by and the princess grew up

时光飞逝公主长大了

into a beautiful young woman,

变成了一个美丽的年轻女子，

who whistled even more beautifully.

口哨吹得甚至比人更美。

(Whistling)

（吹口哨）

Her father the king said, "Who will marry a whistling princess?"

她的父王说，“谁会娶一个吹口哨的公主？”

Her mother the queen said, "Who will marry a whistling princess?"

她的母后说，“谁会娶一个吹口哨的公主？”

But the king had an idea.

然而国王有了个主意。

He announced a Swayamvara.

他宣布了选婿。

He invited all the princes to come and defeat his daughter at whistling.

他邀请来所有的王子与他的女儿比试吹口哨。

"Whoever defeats my daughter shall have half my kingdom

“无论是谁吹口哨胜过我女儿就能得到我的半个王国

and her hand in marriage!"

和我的女儿！”

Soon the palace filled with princes whistling.

很快王宫里挤满了吹着口哨的王子。

(Whistling)

（吹口哨）

Some whistled badly.

有的吹得差。

Some whistled well.

有的吹得好。

But nobody could defeat the princess.

但是没人能胜过公主。

"Now what shall we do?" said the king.

“现在我们怎么办呢？”国王说。

"Now what shall we do?" said the queen.

“现在我们怎么办呢？”王后说。

But the princess said, "Father, Mother, don't worry.

公主却说，“父亲，母亲，别担心。

I have an idea. I am going to go to each of these young men

我有个主意。我要去见这里每个年轻人

and I am going to ask them

并且我要问他们，

if they defeated correctly.

他们是不是确实败给了我？

And if somebody answers, that shall be my wish."

而有谁能承认这一点，那么他就是我心所属。”

So she went up to each and said, "Do you accept that I have defeated you?"

于是她去问每一个人，“你承认不承认我打败了你？”

And they said, "Me? Defeated by a woman?

王子们说，“我？败给一个女子吗？

No way, that's impossible! No no no no no! That's not possible."

没门，那绝不可能！不不不不！那是不可能的。”

Till finally one prince said,

直到最后一个王子说，

"Princess, I accept, you have defeated me."

“公主，我承认，你确实胜过我。”

"Uh-huh ..." she said.

“嗯哼……”她说

"Father, mother, this man shall be my wife."

“父亲，母亲，这个人应该做我的妻子。”

(Whistling)

（吹口哨）

Thank you.

谢谢你们。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）