The "dementia village" that's redefining elder care | Yvonne van Amerongen

Prevodilac: Ivana Korom Lektor: Milenka Okuka

This is the Hogeweyk.

Ovo je Hogevek.

It's a neighborhood in a small town very near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands.

To je kraj u jednom malom gradu veoma blizu Amsterdama u Holandiji.

There are 27 houses for six, seven people each.

Tu postoji 27 kuća, svaka za po šestoro, sedmoro ljudi.

There's a small mall with a restaurant, a pub, a supermarket, a club room.

Postoji mali tržni centar sa restoranom, kafana, supermarket, klub.

There are streets, alleys, there's a theater.

Tu su i ulice, prolazi, pozorište.

It actually is a nursing home.

To je u stvari dom za stare.

A nursing home for people that live with an advanced dementia

Dom za stare koji žive sa uznapredovalom demencijom

and that need 24-7 care and support.

i kojima je potrebna pomoć i briga 24 sata.

Dementia is a terrible disease,

Demencija je strašna bolest

and we still don't have any cure for it.

i još uvek za nju nemamo nikakav lek.

It's getting to be a major problem in the world,

Ona postaje veliki problem u svetu,

for the people, for the politicians,

za ljude, za političare,

for the world -- it's getting to be a big problem.

za svet - postaje veliki problem.

We see that we have waiting lists in the nursing homes.

Vidimo liste čekanja u domovima za stare.

Most people that come to the nursing homes with dementia are women.

Većina onih koji sa demencijom dolaze u domove su žene.

And that's also because women are used to taking care of people,

To je delom zato što su žene navikle da brinu o drugima,

so they can manage to take care of their husband with dementia,

pa mogu da brinu o svom mužu koji ima demenciju,

but the other way around is not so easy for the gentlemen.

ali obrnuto nije tako jednostavno za gospodu.

Dementia is a disease that affects the brain.

Demencija je bolest koja utiče na mozak.

The brain is confused.

Mozak je zbunjen.

People don't know anymore what the time is,

Ljudi više nemaju pojam o vremenu,

what's going on, who people are.

šta se dešava, ko su ljudi.

They're very confused.

Veoma su zbunjeni.

And because of that confusion,

I zbog te zbunjenosti

they get to be anxious, depressed, aggressive.

postaju anksiozni, depresivni, agresivni.

This is a traditional nursing home.

Ovo je tradicionalni dom za stare.

I worked there in 1992.

Tamo sam radila 1992.

I was a care manager.

Bila sam menadžer za negu.

And we often spoke together about the fact

Često smo razgovarali o činjenici

that what we were doing there was not what we wanted for our parents,

da to što tamo radimo nije ono što želimo za svoje roditelje,

for our friends, for ourselves.

za svoje prijatelje, za nas same.

And one day, we said,

I jednog dana smo rekli:

"When we keep on saying this, nothing is going to change.

"Kad samo pričamo o tome ništa se neće promeniti.

We are in charge here.

Mi ovde upravljamo.

We should do something about this,

Trebalo bi da uradimo nešto povodom ovoga,

so that we do want to have our parents here."

da bismo želeli da nam roditelji budu ovde."

We talked about that, and what we saw every day

Razgovarali smo o tome i svakog dana smo viđali

was that the people that lived in our nursing home

da su ljudi koji žive u našem domu

were confused about their environment,

zbunjeni u vezi sa svojom okolinom,

because what they saw was a hospital-like environment,

jer su videli nešto nalik bolnici,

with doctors and nurses and paramedics in uniform,

sa doktorima i sestrama i tehničarima u uniformama,

and they lived on a ward.

a oni žive na odeljenju.

And they didn't understand why they lived there.

I nisu razumeli zašto žive tu.

And they looked for the place to get away.

Tražili su mesto na koje mogu da pobegnu.

They looked and hoped to find the door to go home again.

Tražili su i nadali se da će naći vrata da ponovo odu kući.

And we said what we are doing in this situation

Rekli smo da mi u toj situaciji

is offering these people that already have a confused brain

nudimo ljudima sa već zbunjenim mozgom

some more confusion.

samo još više zbunjivanja.

We were adding confusion to confusion.

Nagomilavamo konfuziju.

And that was not what these people needed.

A to ovim ljudima nije potrebno.

These people wanted to have a life,

Oni žele da imaju život

and the help, our help, to deal with that dementia.

i imaju pomoć, našu pomoć, u nošenju sa tom demencijom.

These people wanted to live in a normal house,

Oni žele da žive u normalnoj kući,

not in a ward.

ne na odeljenju.

They wanted to have a normal household,

Žele da imaju normalno domaćinstvo,

where they would smell their dinner on the stove in the kitchen.

gde mogu da omirišu večeru na šporetu u kuhinji.

Or be free to go to the kitchen and grab something to eat or drink.

Ili da slobodno odu u kuhinju i uzmu nešto za jelo ili piće.

That's what these people needed.

To je njima bilo potrebno.

And that's what we should organize for them.

I to bi trebalo da im omogućimo.

And we said we should organize this like at home,

Rekli smo da bi to trebalo da bude kao kod kuće,

so they wouldn't live with a group of 15 or 20 or 30, like in a ward.

da ne moraju da žive kao na odeljenju u grupi od 15, 20, 30 ljudi.

No, a small group of people, six or seven, family-like.

Ne, mala grupa ljudi, šestoro ili sedmoro, nalik porodici.

Like living with friends.

Kao da živite sa prijateljima.

And we should find a way to select people

I trebalo bi da možemo da odaberemo ljude

based on their ideas about life

na osnovu njihovih zamisli o životu

so that they did have a good chance to become friends,

kako bi imali priliku da postanu prijatelji

when they lived together.

kada budu živeli zajedno.

And we interviewed all the families of the residents

Razgovarali smo sa svim porodicama stanara

about "what is important for your father," "what's important for your mother,"

o tome "šta je važno vašem ocu", "šta je važno vašoj majci",

"what is their life like," "what do they want."

"kakav je njihov život", "šta žele".

And we found seven groups, and we call them lifestyle groups.

Pronašli smo sedam grupa i nazvali ih grupama životnih stilova.

And for instance, we found this formal lifestyle.

Na primer, otkrili smo formalni životni stil.

In this lifestyle,

U ovom životnom stilu

people have a more formal way of interacting with each other,

ljudi na formalniji način komuniciraju međusobno,

a distant way.

udaljeniji su.

Their daily rhythm starts later in the day,

Njihov dnevni ritam počinje kasnije,

ends later in the day.

završava se kasnije.

Classical music is more heard in this lifestyle group

Kod njih se više čuje klasična muzika

than in other lifestyle groups.

nego kod drugih životnih stilova.

And their menu,

A njihov jelovnik

well, is more French cuisine than traditional Dutch.

više čini francuska kuhinja nego tradicionalna holandska.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

In contrary to the craftsman lifestyle.

Nasuprot zanatskom životnom stilu.

That's a very traditional lifestyle,

To je veoma tradicionalan životni stil,

and they get up early in the morning, go to bed early,

oni ustaju rano, idu na spavanje rano,

because they have worked hard their whole life, mostly with their hands,

jer celog života su naporno radili, uglavnom svojim rukama,

very often had a very small family business, a small farm, a shop,

često su imali mali porodični posao, malo gazdinstvo, prodavnicu,

or like Mr. B, he was a farmhand.

ili kao gospodin B, koji je bio radnik na farmi.

And he told me that he would go to his work every morning

Rekao mi je da je išao na posao svakog jutra

with a paper bag with his lunch

noseći papirnu kesu sa ručkom

and one cigar.

i jednu cigaru.

That one cigar was the only luxury he could afford for himself.

Ta jedna cigara je bila jedini luksuz koji je sebi mogao da priušti.

And after lunch, he would have that one cigar.

I posle ručka bi je popušio.

And until the day he died in the Hogeweyk,

I do dana kada je umro u Hogeveku,

he was in this little shed, every day, after lunch, to smoke his cigar.

on je bio u ovoj maloj šupi, svakog dana, posle ručka i pušio cigaru.

This is my mother.

Ovo je moja majka.

She's of the cultural lifestyle,

Ona pripada kulturnom stilu,

she's been living in the Hogeweyk six weeks now.

živi već šest nedelja u Hogeveku.

And that lifestyle is about traveling, meeting other people, other cultures,

Taj životni stil obuhvata putovanja, upoznavanje drugih ljudi, kultura,

interest in arts and music.

interesovanje za umetnost i muziku.

There are more lifestyles.

Postoji još životnih stilova.

But that's what we talked about, and that's what we did.

Ali o tome smo razgovarali i to smo uradili.

But that's not life in a house with a group of people,

Ali to nije život, u kući sa grupom ljudi,

like-minded people, your own life, your own household.

ljudi sličnih razmišljanja, vaš život, vaš dom.

There's more in life,

Život je više od toga,

everybody wants fun in life and a meaningful life.

svi žele zabavu u životu, smislen život.

We are social animals --

Mi smo društvene životinje -

we need a social life.

potreban nam je društveni život.

And that's what we started.

I mi smo to započeli.

We want to go out of our house and do some shopping,

Želimo da izađemo iz kuće i obavimo kupovinu,

and meet other people.

da sretnemo druge ljude.

Or go to the pub, have a beer with friends.

Ili da odemo u kafanu i popijemo pivo sa prijateljima.

Or like Mr. W -- he likes to go out every day,

Ili kao gospodin V - on voli da izlazi svakog dana,

see if there are nice ladies around.

da vidi da li ima zanimljivih dama.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And he's very courteous to them,

On im se udvara,

and he hopes for smiles and he gets them.

nada se osmesima i dobija ih.

And he dances with them in the pub.

I pleše sa njima u kafani.

It's a feast every day.

Svaki dan je slavlje.

There are people that would rather go to the restaurant,

Postoje ljudi koji bi radije otišli u restoran,

have a wine with friends,

popili čašu vina sa prijateljima,

or lunch or dinner with friends and celebrate life.

ručali ili večerali sa prijateljima i slavili život.

And my mother, she takes a walk in the park,

A moja majka šeta u parku,

and sits on a bench in the sun,

sedi na klupi na suncu,

hoping that a passerby will come and sit next to her

nadajući se da će neki prolaznik naići i sesti pored nje

and have a conversation about life

i razgovarati o životu

or about the ducks in the pond.

ili o patkama u jezeru.

That social life is important.

Taj društveni život je važan.

It means that you're part of society, that you belong.

Znači da ste deo društva, da pripadate.

And that's what we people need.

To je nama ljudima potrebno.

Even if you're living with advanced dementia.

Čak i ako živite sa uznapredovalom demencijom.

This is what I see from my office window.

Ovo je pogled sa prozora moje kancelarije.

And one day, I saw a lady coming from one side,

Jednog dana sam videla jednu gospođu kako dolazi s jedne strane,

and the other lady from the other side, and they met at the corner.

i drugu kako dolazi s druge strane i srele su se na uglu.

And I knew both ladies very well.

Obe sam ih dobro poznavala.

I often saw them walking around outside.

Često sam ih viđala kako šetaju napolju.

And now and then, I tried to have a conversation with them,

I povremeno sam pokušavala da zapodenem razgovor s njima,

but their conversation was ...

ali njihov razgovor je bio...

rather hard to understand.

prilično težak za razumevanje.

But I saw them meeting, and I saw them talking,

Ali videla sam kako se sreću i videla sam da razgovaraju,

and I saw them gesturing.

da gestikuliraju.

And they had fun together.

I zabavljale su se zajedno.

And then they said goodbye, and each went their own way.

A onda su se pozdravile i svaka je otišla na svoju stranu.

And that's what you want in life, meeting other people

To je ono što želite u životu, da srećete druge ljude

and being part of society.

i budete deo društva.

And that's what I saw happening.

I to je ono što sam videla da se dešava.

The Hogeweyk has become a place

Hogevek je postao mesto

where people with very advanced dementia can live,

gde ljudi sa veoma naprednom demencijom mogu da žive,

have freedom and safety,

da budu slobodni i sigurni,

because the professionals working there and the volunteers working there

jer profesionalci i volonteri koji tamo rade

know how to deal with dementia.

znaju kako da se nose sa demencijom.

And the professionals know how to do their professional work

Profesionalci znaju kako da rade svoj posao

in a way that it fits in a natural way in the life of our residents.

na način koji se na prirodan način uklapa u život naših stanovnika.

And that means that the management has to provide everything

A to znači da uprava mora da obezbedi sve

those people need to do their work.

što je tim ljudima potrebno da bi radili svoj posao.

It needs a management that dares to do this.

Potrebna im je uprava koja se usuđuje da ovo radi.

To do things differently than we always have done

Da radi stvari drugačije nego što smo uvek radili

in a traditional nursing home.

u tradicionalnim domovima za stare.

We see that it works.

Mi vidimo da to funkcioniše.

We think this can be done everywhere,

Mislimo da ovo može da se uradi svuda,

because this is not for the rich.

jer ovo nije za bogate.

We've been doing this with the same budget

Mi ovo radimo sa istim budžetom

as any traditional nursing home has in our country.

koji ima bilo koji tradicionalni dom za stare u našoj zemlji.

We work only with the state budget.

Radimo samo sa državnim budžetom.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Because it has to do with thinking different,

Tu se radi o drugačijem razmišljanju,

and looking at the person in front of you

o gledanju u osobu pred sobom

and looking at what does this person need now.

i razumevanju šta je njoj sada potrebno.

And it's about a smile, it's about thinking different,

I radi se o osmehu, drugačijem razmišljanju,

it's about how you act, and that costs nothing.

o načinu ponašanja, a to ništa ne košta.

And there's something else: it's about making choices.

I ima još nešto: tu se radi o izborima.

It's about making choices what you spend your money on.

O biranju na šta trošite novac.

I always say,

Ja uvek kažem:

"Red curtains are as expensive as gray ones."

"Crvene zavese koštaju jednako kao i sive."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

It's possible, everywhere.

Moguće je, svuda.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)