Chris McKnett: The investment logic for sustainability

156,241 views ใƒป 2014-02-12

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kevin Jin ๊ฒ€ํ† : K Bang
00:12
The world is changing
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์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•œ
00:14
in some really profound ways,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:16
and I worry that investors
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋™์ธ์—
00:18
aren't paying enough attention
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ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์ด
00:20
to some of the biggest drivers of change,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
especially when it comes to sustainability.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
And by sustainability, I mean the really juicy things,
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์˜๋‚˜
00:29
like environmental and social issues
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๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
00:31
and corporate governance.
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๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
I think it's reckless to ignore these things,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ ์ค‘์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:36
because doing so can jeopardize
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์ต์—
00:37
future long-term returns.
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์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
00:40
And here's something that may surprise you:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:42
the balance of power to really influence sustainability
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์‹ค์ œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”
00:47
rests with institutional investors,
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ํž˜์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž,
00:49
the large investors like pension funds,
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์—ฐ๊ธˆ ํŽ€๋“œ, ์ž์„  ๋‹จ์ฒด, ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์ฒด ๊ฐ™์€
00:52
foundations and endowments.
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๋Œ€ํ˜• ํˆฌ์ž์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
I believe that sustainable investing
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€
00:57
is less complicated than you think,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ 
00:59
better-performing than you believe,
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์„ฑ๊ณผ๋„ ๋” ์ข‹์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:01
and more important than we can imagine.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
Let me remind you what we already know.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
We have a population that's both growing and aging;
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์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
01:11
we have seven billion souls today
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‚  70์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
01:13
heading to 10 billion
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์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง์—๋Š”
01:14
at the end of the century;
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100์–ต ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋‹ฌ์•„ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
01:16
we consume natural resources
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒœ์—ฐ ์ž์›์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค
01:18
faster than they can be replenished;
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๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
01:21
and the emissions that are mainly responsible
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ฃผ๋œ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
01:24
for climate change just keep increasing.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์€ ๊ณ„์† ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Now clearly, these are environmental and social issues,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ด์ž ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
01:33
but that's not all.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
They're economic issues,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ณ 
01:37
and that makes them relevant
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์œ„ํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ต๊ณผ
01:38
to risk and return.
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๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
And they are really complex
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ 
01:44
and they can seem really far off,
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
01:45
that the temptation may be to do this:
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ํ˜น์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
01:49
bury our heads in the sand and not think about it.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ž˜์†์— ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Resist this, if you can. Don't do this at home.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ง‘์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:55
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:57
But it makes me wonder
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ทœ์น™์ด
01:58
if the investment rules of today
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๋‚ด์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์—
02:00
are fit for purpose tomorrow.
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์ ํ•ฉํ•œ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
We know that investors,
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ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
02:05
when they look at a company and decide whether to invest,
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ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ
02:08
they look at financial data,
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์žฌ๋ฌด ์ž๋ฃŒ,
02:10
metrics like sales growth, cash flow, market share,
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๋งค์ถœ ์„ฑ์žฅ, ํ˜„๊ธˆ ํ๋ฆ„, ์‹œ์žฅ ์ ์œ ์œจ, ๊ฐ€์น˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
valuation -- you know, the really sexy stuff.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ , ์ง„์งœ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
02:19
And these things are fundamental, of course,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
02:22
but they're not enough.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Investors should also look at performance metrics
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ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ์†Œ์œ„ ESG์˜
02:26
in what we call ESG:
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์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
02:28
environment, social and governance.
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ESG๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ(E), ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ(S) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฐฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ(G)๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Environment includes energy consumption,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„, ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ
02:35
water availability, waste and pollution,
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์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ์™€ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:41
just making efficient uses of resources.
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์ž์›์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:44
Social includes human capital,
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š”
02:47
things like employee engagement
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๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:48
and innovation capacity,
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๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ณผ ํ˜์‹  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ™์€
02:51
as well as supply chain management
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์ธ์  ์ž๋ณธ๊ณผ
02:54
and labor rights and human rights.
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๋…ธ๋™๊ถŒ ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ถŒ์ด ํฌํ•จ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
And governance relates to the oversight
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฐฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž์— ์˜ํ•œ
03:00
of companies by their boards and investors.
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๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ๋…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
See, I told you this is the really juicy stuff.
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์ž, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„์งœ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
But ESG is the measure of sustainability,
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ESG๋Š” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒ™๋„์ด๊ณ 
03:11
and sustainable investing incorporates ESG factors
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋ž€ ์žฌ๋ฌด์  ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ
03:15
with financial factors into the investment process.
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ESG์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ ‘๋ชฉ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
It means limiting future risk
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ
03:21
by minimizing harm to people and planet,
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์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
03:25
and it means providing capital to users
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:28
who deploy it towards productive
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ
03:30
and sustainable outcomes.
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์ž๋ณธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
So if sustainability matters financially today,
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์ฆ‰, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žฌ๋ฌด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:36
and all signs indicate more tomorrow,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ง•ํ›„๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:39
is the private sector paying attention?
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์Ÿ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:42
Well, the really cool thing is that most CEOs are.
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์Œ, ์ง„์งœ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ CEO๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
They started to see sustainability
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:50
not just as important but crucial to business success.
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์‚ฌ์—… ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
About 80 percent of global CEOs
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๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ CEO์˜ ์•ฝ 80%๊ฐ€
03:56
see sustainability as the root to growth in innovation
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๊ทผ๊ฐ„์ด์ž
04:01
and leading to competitive advantage
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์†ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์„
04:03
in their industries.
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๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
But 93 percent see ESG as the future,
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ํ•œํŽธ, 93%๋Š” ESG๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋‚˜
04:08
or as important to the future of their business.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
So the views of CEOs are clear.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ CEO๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
There's tremendous opportunity in sustainability.
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์—๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
So how are companies actually leveraging ESG
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์™ธํ˜•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:21
to drive hard business results?
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์‹ค์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ESG๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ ›๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:24
One example is near and dear to our hearts.
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๊ฐ€์Šด์— ์™€ ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
In 2012, State Street migrated 54 applications
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2012๋…„, ์Šคํ…Œ์ดํŠธ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ (State Street็คพ)๋Š”
04:30
to the cloud environment,
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54๊ฐœ ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ด€์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ 
04:31
and we retired another 85.
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85๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
We virtualized our operating system environments,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šด์˜ ์ฒด์ œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ˜„์‹คํ™” ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ 
04:36
and we completed numerous automation projects.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋™ํ™” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
Now these initiatives create a more mobile workplace,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ๊ณ„ํš๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋™์‹ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ณ ,
04:42
and they reduce our real estate footprint,
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๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์ด ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ
04:45
and they yield savings of 23 million dollars
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๋งค๋…„ ์šด์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์—์„œ
04:48
in operating costs annually,
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2์ฒœ3๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ 
04:51
and avoid the emissions
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์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋ฉ”ํŠธ๋ฆญํ†ค์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„
04:53
of a 100,000 metric tons of carbon.
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์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
That's the equivalent of taking 21,000 cars
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 21,000๋Œ€์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
05:00
off the road.
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๊ฐ™์€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
So awesome, right?
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ ?
05:05
Another example is Pentair.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ํŽœํ…Œ์–ด(Pentair)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Pentair is a U.S. industrial conglomerate,
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ํŽœํ…Œ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฐ์—… ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…์ธ๋ฐ
05:10
and about a decade ago,
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์•ฝ 10๋…„ ์ „์—
05:11
they sold their core power tools business
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์ „๋™ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๋งค๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
05:14
and reinvested those proceeds in a water business.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์žฌํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
That's a really big bet. Why did they do that?
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์ง„์งœ ํฐ ๋„๋ฐ•์ด์ฃ . ์™œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:22
Well, with apologies to the Home Improvement fans,
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์Œ, ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐœ์กฐ ํŒฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:25
there's more growth in water than in power tools,
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์ „๋™ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌผ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์„ฑ์žฅ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ 
05:28
and this company has their sights set
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์œ„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ
05:30
on what they call "the new New World."
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
That's four billion middle class people
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Œ์‹, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:34
demanding food, energy and water.
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40์–ต๋ช…์˜ ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Now, you may be asking yourself,
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์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž๋ฌธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ ,
05:43
are these just isolated cases?
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์ด๊ฑด ์•„์ฃผ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€?
05:44
I mean, come on, really?
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋ผ, ์ง„์งœ์š”?
05:46
Do companies that take sustainability into account
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์ด
05:48
really do well financially?
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์žฌ๋ฌด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ž˜ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:51
The answer that may surprise you is yes.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋†€๋ผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '์˜ˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
The data shows that stocks with better ESG performance
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์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ESG ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ฃผ์‹์ด
05:57
perform just as well as others.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋ชป์ง€์•Š๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
In blue, we see the MSCI World.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์€ MSCI ๊ณ„(็•Œ)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
It's an index of large companies
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MSCI๋Š” ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์„ ์ง„ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์†ํ•œ
06:04
from developed markets across the world.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
And in gold, we see a subset of companies
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰์€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ESG ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€
06:09
rated as having the best ESG performance.
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๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Over three plus years, no performance tradeoff.
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3๋…„์ด ๋„˜๋„๋ก, ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
So that's okay, right? We want more. I want more.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ฃ ?์—ฌ ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ์ €๋‚˜ ์ข€ ๋” (๋…ผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€) ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.
06:20
In some cases, there may be outperformance
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”, ESG๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
06:23
from ESG.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
In blue, we see the performance
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ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ์ƒ‰์€ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ 500๋Œ€
06:28
of the 500 largest global companies,
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๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ด๊ณ ,
06:30
and in gold, we see a subset of companies
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๊ธˆ์ƒ‰์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ „๋žต๊ณผ
06:33
with best practice in climate change strategy
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์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ์šฐ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
06:36
and risk management.
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๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
Now over almost eight years,
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 8๋…„์ด ๋„˜๋„๋ก
06:39
they've outperformed by about two thirds.
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์•ฝ 2/3 ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
So yes, this is correlation. It's not causation.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€ ๊ณ„์ด์ง€ ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
But it does illustrate that environmental leadership
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์ต๊ณผ
06:48
is compatible with good returns.
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์–‘๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
So if the returns are the same or better
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ต์ด ๊ฐ™๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋” ๋‚ซ๊ณ 
06:56
and the planet benefits, wouldn't this be the norm?
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์ง€๊ตฌ์— ํ˜œํƒ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:59
Are investors, particularly institutional investors,
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ํˆฌ์ž์ž, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž์˜
07:02
engaged?
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์žก๋‚˜์š”?
07:04
Well, some are,
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์Œ, ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ 
07:05
and a few are really at the vanguard.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ์ง„์งœ ์•ž์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
Hesta.
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ํ—ค์Šคํƒ€(Hesta)์ฃ .
07:10
Hesta is a retirement fund for health
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ํ—ค์Šคํƒ€๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ
07:12
and community services employees in Australia,
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์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ข…์—…์›์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‡ด์ง ํŽ€๋“œ์ธ๋ฐ
07:15
with assets of 22 billion [dollars].
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์ž์‚ฐ์ด 220์–ต๋ถˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
They believe that ESG has the potential
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ํ—ค์Šคํƒ€๋Š” ESG๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ต์—
07:19
to impact risks and returns,
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฏฟ์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:21
so incorporating it into the investment process
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ESG๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ ‘๋ชฉ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:24
is core to their duty
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ํŽ€๋“œ ํšŒ์›์˜ ์ตœ์„  ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
07:27
to act in the best interest of fund members,
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์˜๋ฌด ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
07:29
core to their duty.
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์˜๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ด์ง€์š”.
07:30
You gotta love the Aussies, right?
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
07:34
CalPERS is another example.
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์นผํผ์Šค(CalPERS)๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
CalPERS is the pension fund
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์นผํผ์Šค๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
07:39
for public employees in California,
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์—ฐ๊ธˆ ํŽ€๋“œ์ธ๋ฐ
07:41
and with assets of 244 billion [dollars],
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์ž์‚ฐ์ด 2,440์–ต๋ถˆ์ด๋ฉฐ
07:44
they are the second largest in the U.S.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ,
07:46
and the sixth largest in the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ 6๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
Now, they're moving toward 100 percent
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์ž, ์นผํผ์Šค๋Š” 100%๊นŒ์ง€
07:50
sustainable investment
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:52
by systematically integrated ESG
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์ „์ฒด ํŽ€๋“œ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ
07:54
across the entire fund.
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ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ESG์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
Why? They believe it's critical
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์™œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ESG๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์ต์˜ ์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ฑ์—
08:00
to superior long-term returns, full stop.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ด๋ผ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–˜๊ธฐ ๋์ด์ฃ .
08:04
In their own words, "long-term value creation
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, "์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
08:07
requires the effective management
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3๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์˜
08:09
of three forms of capital:
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ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
08:11
financial, human, and physical.
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์žฌ๋ฌด์  (์ž๋ณธ), ์ธ์  (์ž๋ณธ) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์ (์ž๋ณธ).
08:16
This is why we are concerned with ESG."
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ESG์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:20
Now, I do speak to a lot of investors
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์Œ, ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์—…๋ฌด ์ค‘์— ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ
08:22
as part of my job,
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๋งŽ์€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž์™€ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
08:24
and not all of them see it this way.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
Often I hear, "We are required to maximize returns,
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์ €๋Š” ์ข…์ข… , " ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
08:30
so we don't do that here,"
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ ์€ ์•ˆ๋˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:32
or, "We don't want to use the portfolio
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ํ˜น์€, " ํˆฌ์ž ์ง€์นจ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
08:34
to make policy statements."
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์ž์‚ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
The one that just really gets under my skin is,
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์ง„์งœ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
"If you want to do something about that,
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"๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:42
just make money, give the profits to charities."
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด์ต์„ ์ž์„ ๋‹จ์ฒด์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”."
08:45
It's eyes rolling, eyes rolling.
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๋ˆˆ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋„ค์š”, ๋ˆˆ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€.
08:49
I mean, let me clarify something right here.
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์ œ๋ง์€, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
Companies and investors are not
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๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์šด๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
08:55
singularly responsible for the fate of the planet.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
They don't have indefinite social obligations,
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
09:01
and prudent investing and finance theory
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์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์™€ ์žฌ๋ฌด ์ด๋ก ์ด
09:03
aren't subordinate to sustainability.
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์ข…์†๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
They're compatible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–‘๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
So I'm not talking about tradeoffs here.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ์˜คํ”„๋ฅผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
But institutional investors
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๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š”
09:13
are the x-factor in sustainability.
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์š”์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
Why do they hold the key?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ์ฅ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
09:19
The answer, quite simply, is, they have the money.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€, ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
09:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:25
A lot of it.
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๋งŽ์ด์š”.
09:28
I mean, a really lot of it.
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์ œ๋ง์€, ์ง„์งœ ๋งŽ์ด์š”.
09:29
The global stock market is worth 55 trillion dollars.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ฃผ์‹ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” 55์กฐ ๋ถˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
The global bond market, 78 trillion.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ฑ„๊ถŒ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ 78์กฐ ๋ถˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
That's 133 trillion combined.
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ํ•ฉ์ณ์„œ 133์กฐ ๋ถˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
That's eight and a half times the GDP of the U.S.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ GDP์˜ 8.5๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
That's the world's largest economy.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ œ์ผ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์š”.
09:45
That's some serious freaking firepower.
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์ง„์งœ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ํ™”๋ ฅ์ด์ฃ .
09:49
So we can reconsider
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋„์ „๋“ค ์ค‘
09:51
some of these pressing challenges,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ํ…๋ฐ
09:53
like fresh water, clean air,
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100์–ต๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š”
09:56
feeding 10 billion mouths,
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์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋˜์ฃ .
09:58
if institutional investors
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ฐ€ ESG๋ฅผ
09:59
integrated ESG into investment.
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ํˆฌ์ž์™€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:02
What if they used that firepower
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋„์ „์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ 
10:04
to allocate more of their capital
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ 
10:06
to companies working the hardest
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์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—… ์•ž์œผ๋กœ
10:07
at solving these challenges
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ณธ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
10:09
or at least not exacerbating them?
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ํ™”๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:12
What if we work and save and invest,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:17
only to find that the world we retire into
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์€ํ‡ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค
10:20
is more stressed and less secure than it is now?
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:24
What if there isn't enough clean air and fresh water?
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„์น˜ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:29
Now a fair question might be,
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์— ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋งŒํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„,
10:31
what if all this sustainability risk stuff
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ„ํ—˜๋“ค์€
10:33
is exaggerated, overstated, it's not urgent,
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๊ณผ์žฅ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€ ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
10:37
something for virtuous consumers
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์„ ์˜์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?
10:40
or lifestyle choice?
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๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
Well, President John F. Kennedy said something
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ€๋„ค๋”” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด
10:44
about this that is just spot on:
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๋”ฑ ๋“ค์–ด ๋งž๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:48
"There are risks and costs to a program of action,
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" ํ–‰๋™ ๊ณ„ํš์—๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
10:52
but they are far less than the long-range risks
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋‚˜ํƒœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฌด ํ–‰๋™๋„ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ
10:54
and costs of comfortable inaction."
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๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ํœ ์”ฌ ์ž‘๋‹ค."
10:59
I can appreciate that there is estimation risk in this,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์•ˆ์— ์ถ”์ •๋œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์ง€๋งŒ
11:02
but since this is based on widespread scientific consensus,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
11:06
the odds that it's not completely wrong
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด
11:09
are better than the odds
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์ง‘์ด ๋ถˆ ํƒ€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:10
that our house will burn down
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
11:12
or we'll get in a car accident.
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๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
Well, maybe not if you live in Boston. (Laughter)
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์Œ, ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด์— ์‚ฌ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
11:18
But my point is that we buy insurance
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์ œ ์š”์ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ—˜์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
11:21
to protect ourselves financially
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ฌด์ ์œผ๋กœ
11:23
in case those things happen, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งž์ฃ ?
11:26
So by investing sustainably
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
11:28
we're doing two things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
We're creating insurance,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ค„์ด๋ฉด์„œ
11:32
reducing the risk to our planet and to our economy,
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๋ณดํ—˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ณ 
11:36
and at the same time, in the short term,
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๋™์‹œ์—, ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—๋Š”
11:38
we're not sacrificing performance.
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์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํฌ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
11:41
[Man in comic: "What if it's a big hoax and we create a better world for nothing?"]
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[๋งŒํ™”์˜ ๋‚จ์ž: "๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“์ด๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ—›๋œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด?"]
11:46
Good, you like it. I like it too.
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์ข‹๊ตฐ์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์‹œ๋„ค์š”. ์ €๋„ ์ด๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:49
I like it because it pokes fun
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์Ÿ์ ์˜ ์–‘๋ฉด์„
11:51
at both sides of the climate change issue.
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ํ’์žํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
I bet you can't guess which side I'm on.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋Š ํŽธ์ธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
11:57
But what I really like about it
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์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
11:59
is that it reminds me of something Mark Twain said,
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๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์ด ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
12:02
which is, "Plan for the future,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€, " ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ด๋ผ.
12:04
because that's where you're going to spend
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‚จ์€ ์ƒ์„
12:06
the rest of your life."
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๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค."
12:08
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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