Hackers: the internet's immune system | Keren Elazari

1,006,791 views ・ 2014-06-10

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Min-yung Kim κ²€ν† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:12
Four years ago,
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4λ…„ 전에
00:14
a security researcher,
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λ³΄μ•ˆ 쑰사가인,
00:16
or, as most people would call it, a hacker,
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ν˜Ήμ€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ’…μ’… λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ”, 해컀가
00:20
found a way to literally
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문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ ν˜„κΈˆμžλ™μž…μΆœκΈˆκΈ°κ°€ κ·Έμ—κ²Œ
00:22
make ATMs throw money at him.
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λˆμ„ 마ꡬ λ˜μ§€λŠ” 방법을 μ°Ύμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
His name was Barnaby Jack,
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그의 이름은 λ°”λ„ˆλΉ„ μž­μ΄μ—ˆκ³ 
00:29
and this technique was later called "jackpotting"
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κΈ°μˆ μ€ λ‚˜μ€‘μ— κ·Έμ—κ²Œ 경의λ₯Ό ν‘œν•˜λŠ” 의미둜
00:33
in his honor.
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'μž­νŒŸν„°λœ¨λ¦¬κΈ°'라 λΆˆλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
I'm here today because I think
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μ œκ°€ 였늘 이 곳에 온 μ΄μœ λŠ”
00:36
we actually need hackers.
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저희듀이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 해컀듀이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ°λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
Barnaby Jack
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λ°”λ„ˆλΉ„ μž­μ€
00:41
could have easily turned
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그의 지식을 가지고
00:43
into a career criminal or James Bond villain
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μ‰½κ²Œ 전문적인 범죄가 λ˜κ±°λ‚˜
00:47
with his knowledge,
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μ œμž„μŠ€ λ³Έλ“œ μ˜ν™”μ˜ 악당이 될 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
but he chose to show the world
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·ΈλŠ” 세상에 그의 쑰사λ₯Ό
00:51
his research instead.
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λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 길을 λŒ€μ‹  νƒν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
He believed that sometimes
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κ·ΈλŠ” 해결책을 μ°ΎκΈ°μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
00:55
you have to demo a threat
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가끔씩 μœ„ν˜‘μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œμœ„λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Όλœλ‹€κ³ 
00:57
to spark a solution.
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λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
And I feel the same way.
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그리고 저도 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λŠλ‚λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
That's why I'm here today.
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이 것이 λ°”λ‘œ μ œκ°€ 였늘 μ—¬κΈ° 온 μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
We are often terrified and fascinated
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ€ 해컀듀이 μš”μ¦ˆμŒ 가진 νž˜μ„ 보며
01:07
by the power hackers now have.
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자주 λ¬΄μ„œμ›Œν•˜κ³  λ§€λ£Œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:11
They scare us.
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그듀은 우리λ₯Ό λ¬΄μ„­κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
But the choices they make
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그듀이 ν•œ 선택은
01:15
have dramatic outcomes
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ”
01:17
that influence us all.
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극적인 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°€μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
So I am here today because I think we need hackers,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 해컀듀이 ν•„μš”ν•˜κ³ 
01:23
and in fact, they just might be
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 그듀은 λ°”λ‘œ
01:27
the immune system for the information age.
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정보화 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ λ©΄μ—­ 체제 일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
Sometimes they make us sick,
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그듀은 λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 우리λ₯Ό μ•„ν”Œμ •λ„λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ§€λ§Œ
01:33
but they also find those hidden threats
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이 세계에 μˆ¨μ–΄μžˆλŠ” μœ„ν˜‘λ„
01:36
in our world,
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μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄κ³ 
01:38
and they make us fix it.
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ΄ κ·Έ μœ„ν˜‘μ„ κ³ μΉ˜λ„λ‘ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:41
I knew that I might get hacked
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μ œκ°€ 이 λ°œν‘œλ₯Ό ν•˜λ―€λ‘œμ¨
01:43
for giving this talk,
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μ œκ°€ 해킹을 λ‹Ήν•  수 도 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œκ³ μžˆκ³ 
01:45
so let me save you the effort.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ˜ 수고λ₯Ό λœμ–΄ λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
In true TED fashion,
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μ‹€μ œ TED λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
01:50
here is my most embarrassing picture.
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이 사진은 μ œκ°€ 제일 λΆ€λ„λŸ¬μ›Œν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬μ§„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
But it would be difficult for you to find me in it,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ 이 사진 속 μ €λ₯Ό μ°ΎλŠ” 것은 μ–΄λ €μšΈ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
because I'm the one who looks like a boy
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μ™œλƒλ©΄ μ €λŠ” κ°€μž₯μžλ¦¬μ— μ„œ μžˆλŠ”
02:00
standing to the side.
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λ‚¨μžμ²˜λŸΌ 생긴 아이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:02
I was such a nerd back then
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μ €λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μ›Œλ‚™ κΈ°κ΄΄ν•œ μ·¨ν–₯의 μ•„μ΄μ—¬μ„œ
02:04
that even the boys on the Dungeons and Dragons team
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'μ§€ν•˜κ°μ˜₯κ³Ό μš©λ“€' (Dungeons and Dragons: 뢁미 온라인 κ²Œμž„)νŒ€μ˜ λ‚¨μžμ•„μ΄λ“€ μ‘°μ°¨
02:07
wouldn't let me join.
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μ œκ°€ μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λ„둝 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
This is who I was,
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이 것은 λ°”λ‘œ 과거의 μ €μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
02:11
but this is who I wanted to be:
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이 것이 μ œκ°€ 되고 μ‹Άμ–΄ ν–ˆλ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄μ£ .
02:15
Angelina Jolie.
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μ•ˆμ €λ¦¬λ‚˜ 쑸리.
02:17
She portrayed Acid Burn
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 95년도 μ˜ν™” "ν•΄μ»€μŠ€"μ—μ„œ
02:19
in the '95 film "Hackers."
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μ• μ‹œλ“œ 번 역할을 μ—°κΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
She was pretty and she could rollerblade,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 예쁘고 λ‘€λŸ¬λΈ”λ ˆμ΄λ“œλ₯Ό νƒˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:24
but being a hacker, that made her powerful.
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ν•΄μ»€λΌλŠ” 점이 κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό κ°•λ ₯ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
And I wanted to be just like her,
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그리고 저도 쑸리처럼 되고 μ‹Άμ–΄μ„œ
02:31
so I started spending a lot of time
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해컀 μ±„νŒ…λ°©μ΄λ‚˜ 온라인 ν¬λŸΌμ—μ„œ
02:33
on hacker chat rooms and online forums.
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λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ“°κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
I remember one late night
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μ €λŠ” μ–΄λŠ λ‚  λŠ¦μ€ λ°€
02:39
I found a bit of PHP code.
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μ œκ°€ PHP (νŒŒμΌκ³΅μœ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨)의 μ½”λ“œλ₯Ό μ°Όμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ κΈ°μ–΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
I didn't really know what it did,
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μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 그게 무얼 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ°λžμ§€λ§Œ
02:42
but I copy-pasted it
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έκ±Έ λ³΅μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  λΆ™μ—¬μ¨μ„œ
02:44
and used it anyway
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λΉ„λ°€λ²ˆν˜Έλ‘œ 보호된 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ— λ“€μ–΄κ°€κΈ°μœ„ν•΄
02:46
to get into a password-protected site
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
like that.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 말이죠.
02:50
Open Sesame.
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열렀라 μ°ΈκΉ¨.
02:52
It was a simple trick,
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이 것은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μ†μž„μˆ˜μ΄κ³ 
02:53
and I was just a script kiddie back then,
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μ €λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μ•„λ§ˆμΆ”μ–΄ ν•΄μ»€μ˜€μ§€λ§Œ
02:56
but to me, that trick,
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μ €μ—κ²Œ κ·Έ μ†μž„μˆ˜λŠ”
02:57
it felt like this,
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제 손가락 λμ—μ„œ
03:00
like I had discovered limitless potential
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λ¬΄ν•œν•œ 잠재λ ₯을 λ°œκ²¬ν•œ 것 같은
03:02
at my fingertips.
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λŠλ‚Œμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
This is the rush of power that hackers feel.
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이 것이 λ°”λ‘œ 해컀듀이 λŠλΌλŠ” 힘의 λ¬Όμ‚΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
It's geeks just like me
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저와 같은 컴퓨터광듀은
03:10
discovering they have access to superpower,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 지λŠ₯으둜 기술과 끈기λ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ”
03:13
one that requires the skill and tenacity
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λ†€λΌμš΄ λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•œ κΆŒν•œμ„ κ°€μ‘ŒμŒμ„
03:16
of their intellect,
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μ•Œκ²Œλ˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:18
but thankfully no radioactive spiders.
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λ‹€ν–‰νžˆλ„ 방사λŠ₯이 μ—†λŠ” 거미와 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
But with great power
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κ·ΈλŸ°λ‚˜ 이런 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ νž˜μ—λŠ”
03:23
comes great responsibility,
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μ±…μž„μ„ μ Έμ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
and you all like to think that if we had such powers,
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λͺ¨λ‘ λ§Œμ•½ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ νž˜μ„ κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λœλ‹€λ©΄
03:29
we would only use them for good.
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쒋은 κ²ƒμ—λ§Œ μ“Έ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
But what if you could read your ex's emails,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ „ μ• μΈμ˜ 이메일을 읽을 수 μžˆκ±°λ‚˜
03:35
or add a couple zeros to your bank account.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ€ν–‰κ³„μ’Œμ— 0을 λͺ‡κ°œ 정도 뢙일 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
03:38
What would you do then?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜μ‹€ κ±΄κ°€μš”?
03:40
Indeed, many hackers do not resist
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ§Žμ€ 해컀듀이
03:42
those temptations,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μœ ν˜Ήμ„ κ±°λΆ€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μ„œ,
03:44
and so they are responsible in one way or another
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그듀은 μ–΄μ°Œλ˜μ—ˆλ“  μ±…μž„μ΄ 있죠,
03:47
to billions of dollars lost each year
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맀년 10μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ 손싀에 λŒ€ν•œ
03:49
to fraud, malware or plain old identity theft,
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사기, 컴퓨터 파괴 μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ ν˜Ήμ€ ν‰λ²”ν•œ μ‹ μ›λ„μš©κ³Ό 같은
03:53
which is a serious issue.
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μ‹¬κ°ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œμš”.
03:55
But there are other hackers,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 규율 μ–΄κΈ°λŠ” 것을
03:57
hackers who just like to break things,
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μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ 해컀듀도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
and it is precisely those hackers
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그리고 그듀은 μžμ„Ένžˆ λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄
04:02
that can find the weaker elements in our world
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μ„Έμƒμ˜ λΆ€μ‹€ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„
04:05
and make us fix it.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ³ μΉ˜λ„λ‘ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” ν•΄μ»€λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:07
This is what happened last year
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이 것은 μž‘λ…„μ— μΌμ–΄λ‚œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
when another security researcher
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ³΄μ•ˆ 쑰사가인
04:11
called Kyle Lovett
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카일 λŸ¬λΉ—μ΄
04:12
discovered a gaping hole
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ§‘μ΄λ‚˜ 사무싀에 μžˆλŠ” 것과 같은
04:14
in the design of certain wireless routers
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무선 λΌμš°ν„°μ˜ λ””μžμΈμ—μ„œ
04:17
like you might have in your home or office.
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ν—ˆμ μ„ λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œμ˜€μ£ .
04:20
He learned that anyone could remotely connect
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κ·ΈλŠ” λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ μ›κ²©μœΌλ‘œ κ·Έ 기기듀에 μΈν„°λ„·μœΌλ‘œ μ—°κ²°ν•˜κ³ 
04:22
to these devices over the Internet
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λΌμš°ν„°μ— λΆ€μ°©λœ ν•˜λ“œ λ“œλΌμ΄λΈŒμ—μ„œ
04:24
and download documents from hard drives
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λΉ„λ°€λ²ˆν˜Έ 없이 λ¬Έμ„œλ₯Ό
04:27
attached to those routers,
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λ‹€μš΄ 받을 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을
04:29
no password needed.
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μ•Œκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
He reported it to the company, of course,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 이 것을 λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ νšŒμ‚¬μ— λ³΄κ³ ν•˜μ˜€μ§€λ§Œ
04:34
but they ignored his report.
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그듀은 카일의 쑰사λ₯Ό λ¬΄μ‹œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:36
Perhaps they thought universal access
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 그듀은 보편적 νŠΉμƒ‰μ΄λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆλ‚˜λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
was a feature, not a bug,
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였λ₯˜λΌκΈ° λ³΄λ‹€λŠ”μš”,
04:41
until two months ago
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두달 μ „
04:43
when a group of hackers used it
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ν•΄μ»€λ“€μ˜ 무리가 κ·Έ 것을 μ¨μ„œ
04:44
to get into people's files.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ νŒŒμΌμ— λ“€μ–΄κ°€κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ” 말이죠.
04:46
But they didn't steal anything.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그듀은 아무 것도 ν›”μΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
They left a note:
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그듀은 λ©”λͺ¨λ₯Ό λ‚¨κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
04:51
Your router and your documents
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"λ‹Ήμ‹ λ“€μ˜ λΌμš°ν„°μ™€ λ¬Έμ„œλ“€μ€
04:53
can be accessed by anyone in the world.
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이 μ„Έμƒμ˜ λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ μ ‘κ·Όν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.
04:55
Here's what you should do to fix it.
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λ‹€μŒμ€ 당신듀이 고치기 μœ„ν•΄ ν•΄μ•Όν•  것이닀.
04:57
We hope we helped.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°”λž¬κ³  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 도왔닀.
05:00
By getting into people's files like that,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ νŒŒμΌμ— κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ“€μ–΄κ°μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 말이닀."
05:02
yeah, they broke the law,
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κ·Έλž˜μš”, 그듀은 법을 μ–΄κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
but they also forced that company
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그듀은 νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ μ œν’ˆμ„ κ³ μΉ˜λ„λ‘
05:06
to fix their product.
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κ°•μ œλ ₯을 λ°œνœ˜ν•œκ±°μ£ .
05:08
Making vulnerabilities known to the public
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약점을 λŒ€μ€‘μ—κ²Œ μ•Œλ¦¬λŠ” 것은
05:10
is a practice called full disclosure
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해컀 μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ 'μ™„μ „ κ³΅κ°œμ„±'이라 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ”
05:13
in the hacker community,
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행동이고
05:15
and it is controversial,
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λ…Όλž€μ΄ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:17
but it does make me think of how hackers
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ 이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 해컀듀이
05:19
have an evolving effect on technologies we use
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 맀일 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ— μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ§„ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 효과λ₯Ό μ£Όμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€
05:22
every day.
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μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:24
This is what Khalil did.
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이 것이 λ°”λ‘œ 할릴이 ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
Khalil is a Palestinian hacker from the West Bank,
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ν• λ¦΄λŠ” μ›¨μŠ€νŠΈ 뱅크(μš”λ₯΄λ‹¨κ°• μ„œμ•ˆ 지ꡬ)의 νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈ 해컀이고
05:28
and he found a serious privacy flaw on Facebook
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νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λΆμ—μ„œ μ‹¬κ°ν•œ μ‚¬μƒν™œ μœ μΆœμ„ λ°œκ²¬ν•˜μ—¬
05:32
which he attempted to report
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버그 λ°”μš΄ν‹° ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨( κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ 기업이 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ λ³΄μ•ˆμ„ κ°•ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ œλ„) 을 톡해
05:34
through the company's bug bounty program.
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λ³΄κ³ ν•˜λ €κ³  μ‹œλ„ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
These are usually great arrangements for companies
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이런 λ³΄κ³ λŠ” 보톡 νšŒμ‚¬μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ½”λ“œ μ†μ—μ„œ 찾은
05:40
to reward hackers disclosing vulnerabilities
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약점을 ν­λ‘œν•œ 점을 보상해쀄 만큼
05:43
they find in their code.
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 일 μ²˜λ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:45
Unfortunately, due to some miscommunications,
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μ•ˆνƒ€κΉκ²Œλ„, λͺ‡ λͺ‡ 잘λͺ»λœ μ „λ‹¬λ‘œ 인해
05:48
his report was not acknowledged.
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그의 λ³΄κ³ λŠ” 인정받지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
Frustrated with the exchange,
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κ·Έ κ΅ν™˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 결과둜 ν™”κ°€ λ‚˜μ„œ
05:53
he took to use his own discovery
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할릴은 κ·Έ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ°œκ²¬μ„
05:57
to post on Mark Zuckerberg's wall.
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마크 μ£Όμ»€λ²„κ·Έμ˜ 페이슀뢁 담벼락에 κ²Œμ‹œν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
This got their attention, all right,
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이 것이 νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ 관심을 산것은 λΆ„λͺ…ν–ˆκ³ 
06:02
and they fixed the bug,
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νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” κ·Έ 였λ₯˜λ₯Ό κ³ μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:06
but because he hadn't reported it properly,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ 할릴은 μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ λ³΄κ³ ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:09
he was denied the bounty usually paid out
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보톡 κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 발견으둜 μ§€λΆˆκΈˆμ„ λ°›μ§€λ§Œ
06:11
for such discoveries.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ°”μš΄ν‹°λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 거절 λ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:13
Thankfully for Khalil,
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ν• λ¦΄μ—κ²ŒλŠ” λ‹€ν–‰νžˆ
06:15
a group of hackers were watching out for him.
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해컀 무리듀이 κ·Έλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 경계λ₯Ό ν•΄μ£Όκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
In fact, they raised more than 13,000 dollars
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싀은, 그듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
06:22
to reward him for this discovery,
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해컀듀이 μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 일을 ν•˜κΈ°μœ„ν•œ μž₯렀책을 생각해낼지에 κ΄€ν•œ
06:24
raising a vital discussion in the technology industry
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기술 μ‚°μ—…μ˜ ν•„μˆ˜μ μΈ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό λŒμ–΄λ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ
06:27
about how we come up with incentives
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ν• λ¦΄μ˜ λ°œκ²¬μ„ λ³΄μƒν•΄μ£ΌκΈ°μœ„ν•΄
06:30
for hackers to do the right thing.
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만3천 λ‹¬λŸ¬ 이상을 λͺ¨μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
But I think there's a greater story here still.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ €λŠ” κ·Έ 곳에 더 ꡉμž₯ν•œ 이야기가 μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
Even companies founded by hackers,
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해컀듀이 μ„€λ¦½ν•œ 페이슀뢁과 같은
06:38
like Facebook was,
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κΈ°μ—…λ“€μ‘°μ°¨
06:41
still have a complicated relationship
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해컀듀에 κ΄€ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
06:43
when it comes to hackers.
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 관계λ₯Ό 아직도 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
And so for more conservative organizations,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ 더 λ§Žμ€ 보수적인 기업듀에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œλŠ”
06:48
it is going to take time and adapting
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해컀 문화와 그듀이 κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ”
06:52
in order to embrace hacker culture
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창의적 ν˜Όλž€μ„ μˆ˜μš©ν•˜κΈ°μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
06:54
and the creative chaos that it brings with it.
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μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό 적응이 ν•„μš”ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
But I think it's worth the effort,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯ν• λ§Œν•œ κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
because the alternative,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λͺ¨λ“  해컀듀과
07:02
to blindly fight all hackers,
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λ¬΄ν„±λŒ€κ³  μ‹Έμš°λŠ” λŒ€μ•ˆμ€
07:05
is to go against the power you cannot control
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μˆ¨λ§‰νž λ“―ν•œ ν˜μ‹ κ³Ό κ·œμ œλ˜λŠ” μ§€μ‹μ˜ λŒ€κ°€μ—μ„œ
07:08
at the cost of stifling innovation
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν†΅μ œν•  수 μ—†λŠ” νž˜μ—
07:11
and regulating knowledge.
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λŒ€ν•­ν•˜λŠ” 것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
These are things that will come back and bite you.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 것듀은 λ‹€μ‹œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λŒμ•„μ™€ 괴둭힐 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
It is even more true
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 것듀은 더 사싀이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:19
if we go after hackers
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만일 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 해컀듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄λ©΄,
07:21
that are willing to risk their own freedom
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그듀은 μ›ΉνŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ˜ μžμœ μ™€ 같은 이상을 μœ„ν•΄
07:24
for ideals like the freedom of the web,
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κ·Έλ“€ 슀슀둜의 자유λ₯Ό κ°μˆ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€,
07:27
especially in times like this, like today even,
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특히, 심지어 였늘과 같은,
07:31
as governments and corporates
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정뢀와 기업듀이
07:34
fight to control the Internet.
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인터넷을 ν†΅μ œν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ μ‹Έμš°λŠ” μ‹œλŒ€μ—μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:37
I find it astounding
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μ „ λ†€λžλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:40
that someone from the shadowy corners of cyberspace
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사이버 κ³΅κ°„μ˜ κ·ΈλŠ˜μ§„ κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œ 온 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€
07:43
can become its voice of opposition,
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λŒ€ν•­μ˜ λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ 되고
07:45
its last line of defense even,
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μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ”, λ°©μ–΄μ˜ 제일 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 전선이 λœλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μš”,
07:48
perhaps someone like Anonymous,
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ–΄λ‚˜λ‹ˆλ¨ΈμŠ€ 같은 μ‚¬λžŒμ²˜λŸΌ, (Anonymous: ꡭ제 μš΄λ™κ°€κ·Έλ£Ή ),
07:51
the leading brand of global hacktivism.
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ꡭ제 해컀문화λ₯Ό μ£Όλ„ν•˜λŠ” λΈŒλžœλ“œκ°€ λœλ‹€λŠ” 것에 말이죠.
07:55
This universal hacker movement
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 세계적인 ν•΄μ»€μ˜ μš΄λ™μ€
07:58
needs no introduction today,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ€ μ†Œκ°œκ°€ ν•„μš”κ°€ ν•„μš”μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
07:59
but six years ago
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6λ…„ μ „μ—λŠ”
08:01
they were not much more than an Internet subculture
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웃긴 κ³ μ–‘μ΄μ˜ μ΅μ‚΄μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 사진을 κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
08:05
dedicated to sharing silly pictures of funny cats
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인터넷에 λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” 선동적인 μΊ νŽ˜μΈμ— ν—Œμ‹ ν•˜λŠ”
08:08
and Internet trolling campaigns.
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μΈν„°λ„·μ˜ ν•˜μœ„λ¬Έν™”μ— λΆˆκ³Όν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
Their moment of transformation was in early 2008
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν˜μ‹ μ˜ μˆœκ°„μ€ 2008λ…„ μ΄ˆλ°˜μ—
08:16
when the Church of Scientology
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μ‚¬μ΄μ–Έν†¨λ‘œμ§€ κ΅νšŒκ°€
08:18
attempted to remove certain leaked videos
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νŠΉμ • μ›Ή μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ— 올라온
08:21
from appearing on certain websites.
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νŠΉμ •ν•œ 유좜 λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ œκ±°ν•˜λ €ν•  λ•Œμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:25
This is when Anonymous was forged
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이 λ•Œκ°€ λ°”λ‘œ μ–΄λ‚˜λ‹ˆλ¨ΈμŠ€ (Anonoymous)κ°€
08:27
out of the seemingly random collection
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λ„€ν‹°μ¦Œλ“€μ˜ λ¬΄μž‘μœ„ μ§‘λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
08:30
of Internet dwellers.
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μœ„μž₯ν•˜μ—¬ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μ„ λ•Œ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
It turns out,
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κ·Έκ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 판λͺ…λœ 것은,
08:34
the Internet doesn't like it
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인터넷은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 무언가λ₯Ό
08:36
when you try to remove things from it,
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κ·Έ κ³³μ—μ„œ μ œκ±°ν•˜λ €ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜κ³ ,
08:38
and it will react with cyberattacks
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그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 사이버 곡격과
08:41
and elaborate pranks
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κ΅λ¬˜ν•œ μž₯λ‚œμœΌλ‘œ
08:43
and with a series of organized protests
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μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆμ˜ 쑰직된 μ €ν•­μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ²˜ν•˜λ¦¬λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
08:46
all around the world,
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ
08:47
from my hometown of Tel Aviv
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제 κ³ ν–₯인 ν…”μ•„λΉ„λΈŒμ—μ„œ
08:49
to Adelaide, Australia.
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μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ ˆμΌλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ μ—λ“€λ ˆμ΄λ“œκΉŒμ§€ 말이죠.
08:52
This proved that Anonymous and this idea
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μ–΄λ‚˜λ‹ˆλ¨ΈμŠ€ (Anonymous)와 그의 생각이 증λͺ…ν•œ 것은
08:55
can rally the masses from the keyboards
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ν‚€λ³΄λ“œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 무리듀이
08:58
to the streets,
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거리둜 λ‚˜μ˜€λ„λ‘ μ΄λŒμ—ˆκ³ ,
08:59
and it laid the foundations
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κΈ°λ°˜μ„ λ‹¦μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:01
for dozens of future operations
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09:04
against perceived injustices
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μΈμ§€λœ 뢀당함에 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜μ—¬
09:05
to their online and offline world.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 온라인과 μ˜€ν”„λΌμΈ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 말이죠.
09:09
Since then, they've gone after many targets.
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κ·Έν›„λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 그듀은 λ§Žμ€ 타켓을 μ«“μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:11
They've uncovered corruption, abuse.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λΆ€νŒ¨μ™€ λ‚¨μš©μ„ λ“€μΆ°λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:14
They've hacked popes and politicians,
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그듀은 ꡐ황과 μ •μΉ˜κ°€λ“€μ„ ν•΄ν‚Ήν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
09:16
and I think their effect is larger
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 영ν–₯이
09:18
than simple denial of service attacks
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μ›Ή μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλ₯Ό λ‹€μš΄μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
09:21
that take down websites
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심지어 λ―Όκ°ν•œ λ¬Έμ„œλ₯Ό μœ μΆœν•˜λŠ”
09:22
or even leak sensitive documents.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ κ±°λΆ€ 곡격보닀 μ»Έλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:26
I think that, like Robin Hood,
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μ €λŠ” 둜빈 ν›—μ²˜λŸΌ
09:29
they are in the business of redistribution,
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그듀은 μ‚°μ—…μ˜ μž¬λΆ„λ°°μ— μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:33
but what they are after isn't your money.
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단지 그듀이 μ«“λŠ” 것은 돈이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
It's not your documents. It's your attention.
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그듀은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ¬Έμ„œκ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 관심을 μ«“μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:40
They grab the spotlight for causes they support,
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해컀듀은 그듀이 μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 원인에 μ‘°λͺ…을 μž‘μ•„
09:45
forcing us to take note,
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ΄ 관심을 가지도둝 μ§‘μ€‘μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
09:48
acting as a global magnifying glass
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 관심을 κ°€μ Έμ•Όμ§€λ§Œ
09:50
for issues that we are not as aware of
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μΈμ§€ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ ν™”μ œλ“€μ˜
09:52
but perhaps we should be.
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ꡭ제적 λ‹λ³΄κΈ°λ‘œ ν™œλ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:54
They have been called many names
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그듀은 λ²”μ£„μžμ—μ„œ ν…ŒλŸ¬λ¦¬μŠ€νŠΈκΉŒμ§€
09:56
from criminals to terrorists,
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λ§Žμ€ μ΄λ¦„μœΌλ‘œ λΆˆλ €μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
and I cannot justify their illegal means,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λΆˆλ²•μ  방법을 νƒ€λ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€κ³  ν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
10:01
but the ideas they fight for
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그듀이 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜λ €λŠ” λ°œμƒμ΄
10:03
are ones that matter to us all.
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λ°”λ‘œ 우리 λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:07
The reality is,
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ν˜„μ‹€μ μœΌλ‘œ 해컀듀은
10:09
hackers can do a lot more than break things.
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κ·œμœ¨μ„ μ–΄κΈ°λŠ” 것보닀 더 λ§Žμ€ 것을 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
They can bring people together.
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그듀은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 화합을 도λͺ¨ν•  수 있죠.
10:15
And if the Internet doesn't like it
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λ§Œμ•½ 인터넷이 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ”λΌλ„
10:17
when you try to remove things from it,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μΈν„°λ„·μ—μ„œ 무언가λ₯Ό μ§€μš°λ € ν•  λ•Œ
10:20
just watch what happens
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무슨일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€ κ·Έμ € μ§€μΌœλ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:21
when you try to shut the Internet down.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 인터넷을 μ°¨λ‹¨μ‹œν‚€λ € ν•  λ•Œ 말이죠.
10:23
This took place in Egypt in January 2011,
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이것은 2011λ…„ 1μ›” μ΄μ§‘νŠΈμ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:28
and as President Hosni Mubarak
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그리고 ν˜ΈμŠ€λ‹ˆ 무라바크 λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ€ λŒ€ν†΅λ ΉμœΌλ‘œμ„œ
10:31
attempted a desperate move
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카이둜 거리의 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 혁λͺ…을 μ§„μ••ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
10:33
to quash the rising revolution on the streets of Cairo,
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μ ˆλ°•ν•œ 움직을 μ‹œλ„ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:37
he sent his personal troops
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그의 개인 κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό
10:39
down to Egypt's Internet service providers
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μ΄μ§‘νŠΈ 인터넷 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ 제곡 νšŒμ‚¬λ‘œ 보내
10:43
and had them physically kill the switch
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무λ ₯으둜 ν•˜λ£»λ°€λ™μ•ˆ μ„Έκ³„μ™€μ˜ 연락을 μ‘°μ •ν•˜λŠ”
10:45
on the country's connection to the world overnight.
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μŠ€μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ μž‘λ™μ•ˆλ˜κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:49
For a government to do a thing like that
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μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” 것은
10:51
was unprecedented,
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μ „λ‘€μ—†λŠ” μΌμ΄μ—ˆκ³ ,
10:53
and for hackers, it made it personal.
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이 일은 ν•΄μ»€λ“€μ—κ²Œ 개인적인 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 되게 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ£ .
10:56
Hackers like the Telecomix group
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ν…”λ ˆμ½”λ―ΉμŠ€ (Telecomix)와 같은 해컀듀은
10:58
were already active on the ground,
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이미 ν˜„μ§€μ—μ„œ
11:00
helping Egyptians bypass censorship
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μ΄μ§‘νŠΈ μš°νšŒκ²€μ—΄μ„
11:03
using clever workarounds like Morse code
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ν˜„λͺ…ν•œ 제2의 해결책인 λͺ¨μŠ€μ½”λ“œμ™€ ν–„λΌλ””μ˜€λ‘œ
11:05
and ham radio.
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도와주고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
It was high season for low tech,
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이 일은 μ •λΆ€κ°€ 막을 수 μ—†λŠ”
11:10
which the government couldn't block,
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μ €κΈ‰κ³Όν•™κΈ°μˆ μ˜ μ„±μˆ˜κΈ°μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
11:12
but when the Net went completely down,
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연결망이 μ™„μ „νžˆ λŠμΌ°μ„ λ•Œ
11:15
Telecomix brought in the big guns.
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ν…”λ ˆμ½”λ―ΉμŠ€ (Telecomix)λŠ” 큰 무기λ₯Ό λ“€μ—¬μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:18
They found European service providers
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그듀은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ 20λ…„μ΄λ‚˜ 된
11:21
that still had 20-year-old
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μ•„λ‚ λ‘œκ·Έ 닀이얼 접속ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό 가진
11:23
analog dial-up access infrastructure.
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유럽 인터넷 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ μ œκ³΅νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:25
They opened up 300 of those lines
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ν…”λ ˆμ½”λ―ΉμŠ€ (Telecomix)λŠ” μ΄μ§‘νŠΈμΈλ“€μ΄ λŠλ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ
11:29
for Egyptians to use,
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인터넷 연결이 μž˜λ˜λŠ”
11:31
serving slow but sweet Internet connection
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300μ—¬κ°œμ˜ 연결망을 μ΄μ§‘νŠΈμΈλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄
11:34
for Egyptians.
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μ—΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:36
This worked.
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이 것은 μž‘λ™ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:37
It worked so well, in fact,
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싀은 λ„ˆλ¬΄ 잘 μž‘λ™λ˜μ–΄
11:39
one guy even used it to download an episode
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 심지어 "λ‚΄κ°€ λ„ˆμ˜ μ—„λ§ˆλ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚œ 방법 (How I Met Your Mother)"의
11:41
of "How I Met Your Mother."
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ν•œ μ—ν”Όμ†Œλ“œλ₯Ό λ‹€μš΄λ°›λŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμ„ μ •λ„μ˜€μ£ .
11:45
But while Egypt's future is still uncertain,
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κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ΄μ§‘νŠΈμ˜ λ―Έλž˜κ°€ λΆˆν™•μ‹€ν•œ λ™μ•ˆμ—
11:49
when the same thing happened in Syria
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λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 일이 일년 후에
11:52
just one year later,
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μ‹œλ¦¬μ•„μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
Telecomix were prepared with those Internet lines,
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ν…”λ ˆμ½”λ―ΉμŠ€ (Telecomix)λŠ” κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 인터넷 연결망에 μ€€λΉ„λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
11:57
and Anonymous,
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μ–΄λ‚˜λ‹ˆλ¨ΈμŠ€ (Anonymous)도 λ˜‘κ°™μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:58
they were perhaps the first international group
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그듀은 μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 자ꡭ의 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ— 흠을낸
12:00
to officially denounce the actions
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μ‹œλ¦¬μ•„ κ΅°λŒ€μ˜ 행동을 맹렬히 λΉ„νŒν•˜λŠ”
12:02
of the Syrian military
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곡식적인 첫번째
12:04
by defacing their website.
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ꡭ제적 λͺ¨μž„일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:07
But with this sort of power,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ νž˜μ€
12:10
it really depends on where you stand,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ–΄λŠ μœ„μΉ˜μ— μ„œ μžˆλŠ” 가에 λ‹¬λ €μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:13
because one man's hero
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ˜ μ˜μ›…μ€
12:16
can be another's villain,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄λ“€μ˜ 악당이 될 수 있고
12:18
and so the Syrian Electronic Army
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ‹œλ¦¬μ•„μΈμ˜ μ „λ ₯ κ΅°λŒ€ (Syrian Electronic Army)λŠ”
12:21
is a pro-Assad group of hackers
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μ•„μ‚¬λ“œ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ„ μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” ν•΄μ»€λ“€λ‘œ
12:23
who support his contentious regime.
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μ•„μ‚¬λ“œ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ˜ μ •κΆŒμ„ μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έλ£Ήμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:26
They've taken down multiple high-profile targets
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그듀은 졜근 λͺ‡ λ…„κ°„ λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ 이λͺ©μ„ λŒκΈ°μœ„ν•œ
12:29
in the past few years,
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λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό λ‹¬μ„±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:30
including the Associated Press's Twitter account,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ—°ν•© ν†΅μ‹ μ‚¬μ˜ νŠΈμœ„ν„° κ³„μ •μœΌλ‘œ
12:34
in which they posted a message
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백악관을 κ³΅κ²©ν•˜μ—¬ μ˜€λ°”λ§ˆ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ„ λ‹€μΉ˜κ²Œν•˜λŠ” 데에 κ΄€ν•œ
12:37
about an attack on the White House
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메세지λ₯Ό κ²Œμ‹œν•˜λŠ” 사건을
12:39
injuring President Obama.
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ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ£ .
12:42
This tweet was fake, of course,
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이 νŠΈμœ—μ€ λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ κ°€μ§œμ˜€μ§€λ§Œ
12:44
but the resulting drop in the Dow Jones index
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κ·Έ λ‚  λ‹€μš°μ‘΄μŠ€μ§€μˆ˜μ˜ ν•˜λ½κ³Ό
12:47
that day was most certainly not,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λˆμ„ μžƒμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀은 거짓이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκ³ ,
12:51
and a lot of people lost a lot of money.
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μƒλ‹ΉλŸ‰μ˜ λˆμ„ μžƒμ—ˆμ£ .
12:54
This sort of thing is happening all over the world right now.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 사건은 μ§€κΈˆ 온 μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:58
In conflicts from the Crimean Peninsula
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ν¬λ¦Όλ°˜λ„μ˜ κ°ˆλ“±μ—μ„œ
13:01
to Latin America,
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라틴 μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄κΉŒμ§€,
13:03
from Europe to the United States,
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μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ λ―Έκ΅­κΉŒμ§€,
13:05
hackers are a force for social,
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해컀듀은 μ‚¬νšŒ, μ •μΉ˜
13:08
political and military influence.
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그리고 ꡰ사에 κ΄€ν•œ 영ν–₯의 νž˜μ„ κ°€μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:12
As individuals or in groups,
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개인 ν˜Ήμ€ μ§‘λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œμ„œ,
13:14
volunteers or military conflicts,
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λ΄‰μ‚¬μž ν˜Ήμ€ ꡰ사적 κ°ˆλ“±μ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
13:17
there are hackers everywhere.
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ν•΄μ»€λŠ” μ–΄λŠ κ³³μ—λ‚˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:20
They come from all walks of life,
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그듀은 λͺ¨λ“  직업, 인쒅, 이념
13:22
ethnicities, ideologies and genders, I might add.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ μΆ”κ°€ν•˜μžλ©΄ 성별을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:27
They are now shaping the world's stage.
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그듀은 이제 세계 λ¬΄λŒ€λ‘œ λ‚˜κ°€κΈ°μœ„ν•΄ μ€€λΉ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:31
Hackers represent an exceptional force for change
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해컀듀은 21세기에
13:33
in the 21st century.
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μ΄λ‘€μ μΌλ§ŒνΌ μš°μˆ˜ν•œ νž˜μ„ 가진 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λŒ€ν‘œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:36
This is because access to information
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이 ν˜„μƒμ€ 정보에 λŒ€ν•œ 접근이
13:38
is a critical currency of power,
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μ •λΆ€κ°€ ν†΅μ œν•˜λ €ν•˜κ³ 
13:41
one which governments would like to control,
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κ·Έλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ κ³Όλ„ν•œ κ°μ‹œ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨κ³Ό
13:44
a thing they attempt to do by setting up
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μ–΄μ¨Œκ±°λ‚˜ 해컀듀이 ν•„μš”ν•œ 이유λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ”
13:47
all-you-can-eat surveillance programs,
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힘의 λΉ„νŒμ  ν†΅ν™”μ΄κΈ°λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
13:50
a thing they need hackers for, by the way.
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λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:53
And so the establishment has long had
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ ν™•λ¦½κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ
13:56
a love-hate relationship when it comes to hackers,
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ν•΄μ»€λ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” κΈ΄ 애증관계λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:00
because the same people who demonize hacking
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해킹을 μ•…λ§ˆλ‘œ λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•œ λ˜‘κ°™μ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
14:02
also utilize it at large.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ λ˜ν•œ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:07
Two years ago,
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이년 μ „,
14:09
I saw General Keith Alexander.
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μ €λŠ” ν‚€μŠ€ μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ” μž₯ꡰ을 λ΅ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:11
He's the NSA director and U.S. cyber commander,
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κ·ΈλŠ” NSA(λ―Έκ΅­κ΅­κ°€μ•ˆμ „κ΅­)의 μž„μ›μœΌλ‘œ λ―Έκ΅­ 사이버 μ‚¬λ Ήκ΄€μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
14:16
but instead of his four star general uniform,
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별 λ„€κ°œ 달린 μ œλ³΅λŒ€μ‹ 
14:19
he was wearing jeans and a t-shirt.
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청바지와 ν‹°μ…”μΈ λ₯Ό μž…κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:22
This was at DEF CON,
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μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ” μž₯ꡰ은 μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 제일 큰 해컀 ν•™νšŒμΈ
14:23
the world's largest hacker conference.
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데프 μ½˜μ—μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μž…μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:27
Perhaps like me, General Alexander
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ € 처럼 μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ” μž₯ꡰ은
14:28
didn't see 12,000 criminals that day in Vegas.
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λ² κ°€μŠ€μ˜ 만2천 건의 범죄λ₯Ό 보지 λͺ»ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:32
I think he saw untapped potential.
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ 아직 μ†λŒ€μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 잠재λ ₯을 λ΄€λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄μš”.
14:35
In fact, he was there to give a hiring pitch.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·ΈλŠ” 고용 홍보λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ κ·Έ 곳에 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:39
"In this room right here," he said,
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κ·Έκ°€ λ§ν–ˆμ£ , "μ§€κΈˆ λ°”λ‘œ 이 μ‹€λ‚΄κ°€
14:41
"is the talent our nation needs."
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우리 κ΅­κ°€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œ 재λŠ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€."
14:44
Well, hackers in the back row replied,
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음, 뒷쀄에 있던 해컀가 λŒ€λ‹΅ν–ˆμ£ ,
14:47
"Then stop arresting us."
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"그럼 저희λ₯Ό 그만 μ²΄ν¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”."
14:49
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
14:53
Indeed, for years,
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μ •λ§λ‘œ λͺ‡ λ…„κ°„
14:55
hackers have been on the wrong side of the fence,
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해컀듀은 μšΈνƒ€λ¦¬μ˜ 잘λͺ»λœ μͺ½μ— μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:58
but in light of what we know now,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ μ΄μ œλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€λ“€λ‘œ
15:01
who is more watchful of our online world?
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λˆ„κ°€ 우리의 온라인 μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 더 μ‹ κ²½μ“°λŠ” 것 κ°™λ‚˜μš”?
15:05
The rules of the game are not that clear anymore,
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κ²Œμž„μ˜ κ·œμΉ™μ€ 더 이상 그닀지 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ
15:08
but hackers are perhaps the only ones
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해컀듀은 μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 도λ₯Ό λ„˜λŠ” 정뢀와
15:12
still capable of challenging overreaching governments
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κ·Έλ“€μ΄ν™œλ™ν•˜λŠ” λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œμ˜ κΈ°μ—…μ²΄μ˜ 정보 독점에
15:16
and data-hoarding corporates
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도전할 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ μΌν•œ
15:18
on their own playing field.
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쑰직일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:20
To me, that represents hope.
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μ €μ—κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 사싀은 희망의 ν‘œλ³Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:23
For the past three decades,
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μ§€λ‚œ μ‚Όμ‹­λ…„ κ°„,
15:25
hackers have done a lot of things,
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해컀듀은 λ§Žμ€ 일을 ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
15:26
but they have also impacted civil liberties,
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그듀은 λ˜ν•œ μ‹œλ―Όμ  자유, 혁λͺ…,
15:30
innovation and Internet freedom,
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그리고 인터넷 μžμœ μ— 영ν–₯을 λ˜ν•œ μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:32
so I think it's time we take a good look
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 이제 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 그듀을 λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•  λ•Œ
15:35
at how we choose to portray them,
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μžμ„Ένžˆ 봐야할 μ‹œκ°„μ΄λΌ μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:37
because if we keep expecting them to be the bad guys,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 계속 그듀이 악당이기λ₯Ό κΈ°λŒ€ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
15:41
how can they be the heroes too?
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그듀이 λ™μ‹œμ— μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ˜μ›…μ΄ 될 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
15:44
My years in the hacker world
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ν•΄μ»€μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œμ˜ 제 μ‹œκ°„μ€
15:46
have made me realize
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해컀에 λŒ€ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμ™€ λ―Έλ₯Ό κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ
15:48
both the problem and the beauty about hackers:
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ν•΄μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:53
They just can't see something broken in the world
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그듀은 μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ λΆ€λŸ¬μ§„ 것듀은 단지 보고
15:57
and leave it be.
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κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ λ‘˜ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:58
They are compelled
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그듀은 μ–΅λˆ„λ₯Ό 수 μ—†μ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€,
16:00
to either exploit it or try and change it,
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문제λ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈκ±°λ‚˜ μ•…μš©ν•˜λ €ν•˜γ…ˆ
16:03
and so they find the vulnerable aspects
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 그듀은 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ
16:07
in our rapidly changing world.
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μ·¨μ•½ν•œ 면을 μ°ΎμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:09
They make us, they force us to fix things
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해컀듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ κ³ μΉ˜λ„λ‘ λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
16:14
or demand something better,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 더 쒋은 것을 μš”κ΅¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:16
and I think we need them
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그리고 μ €λŠ” λ°”λ‘œ κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 일듀을 μœ„ν•΄
16:17
to do just that,
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:20
because after all, it is not information
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ˜λ“  κ·Έ 것은 μžμœ κ°€ 되고 싢은 정보가 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
16:23
that wants to be free, it's us.
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λ°”λ‘œ μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:26
Thank you very much.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:29
Thank you. (Applause)
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ (λ°•μˆ˜)
16:32
Hack the planet!
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λͺ¨λ“  κ±Έ ν•΄ν‚Ήν•΄λ΄μš”!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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