Krista Donaldson: The $80 prosthetic knee that's changing lives

297,626 views ใƒป 2013-12-19

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Tae Young Choi ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:12
Nine years ago, I worked
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9๋…„ ์ „, ์ €๋Š”
00:14
for the U.S. government in Iraq,
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์ด๋ผํฌ ์ฃผ์žฌ ๋ฏธ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:16
helping rebuild the electricity infrastructure.
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์ „๋ ฅ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์žฌ๊ฑด์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
And I was there, and I worked in that job
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„
00:22
because I believe that technology
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๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—
00:24
can improve people's lives.
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์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
One afternoon, I had tea with a storekeeper
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด์š”.
00:29
at the Al Rasheed Hotel in Baghdad,
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๋ฐ”๊ทธ๋‹ค๋“œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•Œ ๋ผ์‰ฌ๋“œ ํ˜ธํ…”์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:32
and he said to me, "You Americans,
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๊ทธ๋Š” "๋‹น์‹  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€
00:35
you can put a man on the moon,
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๋‹ฌ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด๋„
00:36
but when I get home tonight,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ง‘์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด
00:38
I won't be able to turn on my lights."
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๋‚œ ์ง‘์— ์ „๊นƒ๋ถˆ๋„ ์ผœ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:41
At the time, the U.S. government had spent
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
00:42
more than two billion dollars
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2๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ฌ
00:45
on electricity reconstruction.
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์ „๋ ฅ ์žฌ๊ฑด์— ํž˜์ผ์ฃ .
00:47
How do you ensure technology reaches users?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ด์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ๋ป—๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:50
How do you put it in their hands
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์†์— ์ฅ์–ด์ค˜
00:52
so that it is useful?
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์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:55
So those are the questions that my colleagues and I
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์ด ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€
00:58
at D-Rev ask ourselves.
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๋”” ๋ ˆ๋ธŒ(D-Rev) ์—์„œ ์ž๋ฌธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:00
And D-Rev is short for Design Revolution.
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๋”” ๋ ˆ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜๋ช…(Design Revolution)์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
And I took over the organization four years ago
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 4๋…„์ „ ์กฐ์ง์„ ์ „์ˆ˜๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
01:05
and really focused it on developing products
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ ์†์„ ๋ป—์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์„
01:08
that actually reach users,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
and not just any users,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
01:11
but customers who live on less than four dollars a day.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 4 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ์ƒ์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์— ์ฃผ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:16
One of the key areas we've been working on recently
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์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์—
01:17
is medical devices, and while it may not be obvious
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์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:20
that medical devices have something in common
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์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
01:22
with Iraq's electricity grid then,
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์ด๋ผํฌ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ๋ง๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง„ ์•Š์„์ง€๋ผ๋„
01:25
there are some commonalities.
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Despite the advanced technology,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ง„๋ณด์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
01:29
it's not reaching the people who need it most.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
01:32
So I'm going to tell you about one of the projects we've been working on,
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์ด์ œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ค‘์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
the ReMotion Knee, and it's a prosthetic knee
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๋ฆฌ๋ชจ์…˜ (ReMotion) ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
01:38
for above-knee amputees.
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๋ฌด๋ฆŽ ์•„๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ๋‹จ๋œ ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
And this project started when the Jaipur Foot Organization,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์กฑ๊ณผ ์˜์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์ œ์ž‘์‚ฌ์ธ
01:43
the largest fitter of prosthetic limbs in the world,
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์ž์ดํผ ์˜์กฑ ํ˜‘ํšŒ๊ฐ€
01:46
came to the Bay Area and they said,
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๋ฒ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฐœ์„ค๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋์ฃ .
01:47
"We need a better knee."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์š”.
01:50
Chances are, if you're living on less than four dollars a day,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋น„๊ฐ€ 4๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ดํ•˜์ธ๋ฐ
01:53
and you're an amputee,
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์‹ ์ฒด ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ๋‹จ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:55
you've lost your limb in a vehicle accident.
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๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜€์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Most people think it's land mines,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ง€๋ขฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:59
but it's a vehicle accident.
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์‹ค์€ ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
You're walking by the side of the road
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋‹ค๊ฐ€
02:02
and you're hit by a truck,
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ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์— ์น˜์˜€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
02:04
or you're trying to to jump on a moving train,
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ง€๊ฐํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์—
02:05
you're late for work, and your pant leg gets caught.
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๋›ฐ์–ด์˜ค๋ฅด๋‹ค ๋ฐ”์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
And the reality is that if you don't have much money,
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๊ทธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:13
like this young named Kamal right here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์นด๋ง์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
02:15
the option you really have
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๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
02:17
is a bamboo staff to get around.
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๋Œ€๋‚˜๋ฌด ์ง€ํŒก์ด ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
And how big a problem is this?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:22
There's over three million amputees every year
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ํ•ด๋งˆ๋‹ค 3๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์ด ์ ˆ๋‹จ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
who need a new or replacement knee.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:28
And what are their options?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ํƒ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
02:30
This is a high-end. This is what we'd call a "smart knee."
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์ด๊ฑด ์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ"์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃ .
02:32
It's got a microprocessor inside.
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:34
It can pretty much do anything,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:37
but it's 20,000 dollars,
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด 2๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
and to give you a sense of who wears this,
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์ด๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
02:40
veterans, American veterans coming back from Afghanistan or Iraq
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๋ฏธ ์ฐธ์ „๊ตฐ๋“ค, ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์ด๋‚˜ ์ด๋ผํฌ์—์„œ ๊ท€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š”
02:44
would be fit with something like this.
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๋ฏธ ์ฐธ์ „๊ตฐ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:46
This is a low-end titanium knee.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ €๊ฐ€์˜ ํ‹ฐํƒ€๋Š„ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
It's a polycentric knee, and all that that means
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๋‹ค๋™์›์ฒด ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ธ๋ฐ,
02:51
is the mechanism, is a four-bar mechanism,
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์‹ค์ œ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:53
that mimics a natural human knee.
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๋‹ค์ถ• ์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
But at 1,400 dollars, it's still too expensive
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1,400 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์—ฌ๋„ ์นด๋ง์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
02:58
for people like Kamal.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์Œ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
And lastly, here you see a low-end knee.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ €๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
03:03
This is a knee that's been designed specifically
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ์ž‘๋œ
03:05
for poor people.
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๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
And while you have affordability,
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๋ฉด
03:09
you've lost on functionality.
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ฃ .
03:10
The mechanism here is a single axis,
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์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ์ถ•์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:13
and a single axis is like a door hinge.
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๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฒฉ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
So you can think about how unstable that would be.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•˜์ฃ .
03:18
And this is the type of mechanism
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์ด ์›๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์ดํผ ์˜์กฑ ํ˜‘ํšŒ๊ฐ€
03:20
that the Jaipur Foot Organization was using when they were looking for a better knee,
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์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
and I just wanted to give you a sense of what a leg system looks like,
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๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
because I'm showing you all these knees
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๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:27
and I imagine it's hard to think how it all fits together.
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๊ทธ ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹คํ…Œ์ฃ .
03:29
So at the top you have a socket,
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์ƒ์œ„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
and this fits over someone's residual limb,
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๋ชธํ†ต์— ๋ผ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
and everyone's residual limb is a little bit different.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:36
And then you have the knee,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ธ๋ฐ์š”
03:37
and here I've got a single axis on the knee
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ถ•์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
so you can see how it rotates,
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ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:41
and then a pylon, and then a foot.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
And we've been able to develop a knee,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋™์›์ฒด ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
03:47
a polycentric knee, so that type of knee
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
03:49
that acts like a human knee, mimics human gait,
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
for 80 dollars retail.
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์†Œ๋งค๊ฐ€๋กœ 80 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ฃ .
03:55
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
03:58
But the key is, you can have this great invention,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ณผ
04:01
you can have this great design, but how do you get it
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:03
to the people who most need it?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
How do you ensure it gets to them and it improves their lives?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:08
So at D-Rev, we've done some other projects,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ D-Rev์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
and we looked at three things that we really believe
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:13
gets technologies to customers, to users,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐ, ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:17
to people who need it.
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์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
And the first thing is that the product needs to be world class.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒซ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์šฐ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
It needs to perform on par
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์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:23
or better than the best products on the market.
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๋” ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Regardless of your income level,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋“ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
04:28
you want the most beautiful,
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์™ธ๊ด€์ƒ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ 
04:30
the best product that there is.
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์›ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:32
I'm going to show you a video now
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์ด์ œ ์• ์‰ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„
04:36
of a man named Ash. You can see him walking.
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๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
04:37
He's wearing the same knee system here
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ถ• ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์˜ ์˜์กฑ์„
04:39
with a single axis knee.
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์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
And he's doing a 10-meter walk test.
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์‹คํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด 10 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:43
And you'll notice that he's struggling with stability as he's walking.
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์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ ์žก๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ˆ๊ฐ„ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ฃ .
04:47
And something that's not obvious, that you can't see,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:49
is that it's psychologically draining
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ถฉ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ,
04:52
to walk and to be preventing yourself from falling.
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๊ฑธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋„˜์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:56
Now this is a video of Kamal.
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์ด๊ฑด ์นด๋ง์˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
You remember Kamal earlier, holding the bamboo staff.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ์ฃ , ์ด์ „์˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ์นด๋ง์€ ๋Œ€๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:00
He's wearing one of the earlier versions of our knee,
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์ €ํฌ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
05:03
and he's doing that same 10-meter walk test.
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ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 10 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And you can see his stability is much better.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด์ฃ .
05:11
So world class isn't just about technical performance.
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์™ธ์—๋„
05:14
It's also about human performance.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
And most medical devices, we've learned,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜
05:20
as we've dug in, are really designed for Westerners,
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์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์„œ์–‘์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
05:22
for wealthier economies.
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๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
But the reality is our users, our customers,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ €ํฌ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์€
05:27
they do different things. They sit cross-legged more.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ผฌ๊ณ  ์•‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:30
We see that they squat. They kneel in prayer.
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์ชผ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•‰๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฟ‡๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
And we designed our knee to have the greatest range of motion
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
05:35
of almost any other knee on the market.
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์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
So the second thing we learned, and this leads
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์€ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€
05:41
into my second point, which is that we believe
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์ฆ‰, ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
05:43
that products need to be designed to be user-centric.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์š”.
05:46
And at D-Rev, we go one step further and we say
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D-Rev์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ง ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€
05:49
you need to be user-obsessed.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์— ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
So it's not just the end user that you're thinking about,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ตœ์ข… ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:53
but everyone who interacts with the product,
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์ œํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
so, for example, the prosthetist who fits the knee,
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๊ฐ€๋ น, ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๋ผ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ณด์ฒ ์‚ฌ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:58
but also the context in which the knee is being fit.
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์ œํ’ˆ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
What is the local market like?
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์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํŒ๋งค์ฒ˜๋ผ๋“ ์ง€,
06:03
How do all these components get to the clinic?
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๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฃŒ์›์— ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋“ ์ง€,
06:05
Do they all get there on time? The supply chain.
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๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ ์‹œ์ ์ด๋ผ๋“ ์ง€, ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:07
Everything that goes into ensuring
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์˜
06:09
that this product gets to the end user,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์•„์šฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
and it goes in as part of the system, and it's used.
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์œ ํ†ต๋ง์„ ๊ฒฝ์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
06:15
So I wanted to show you some of the iterations
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์ž, ์ž์ดํผ ์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
06:17
we did between the first version, the Jaipur Knee,
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๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
so this is it right here.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
(Clicking)
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(๋”ธ๊ฐ ๋”ธ๊ฐ)
06:25
Notice anything about it?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
06:28
It clicks.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋”ธ๊ฐ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
06:30
We'd seen that users had actually modified it.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:33
So do you see that black strip right there?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊นŒ๋งŒ ๋  ๋ณด์ด์„ธ์š”?
06:37
That's a homemade noise dampener.
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์†Œ์Œ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ํ…Œ์ดํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
We also saw that our users had modified it
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
06:42
in other ways.
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๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
You can see there that that particular amputee,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๋ถ„์€
06:45
he had wrapped bandages around the knee.
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๋ฌด๋ฆŽ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋ถ•๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์•˜์–ด์š”.
06:47
He'd made a cosmesis.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ์„ฑํ˜•์ˆ ์ด์ฃ .
06:49
And if you look at the knee,
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๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:51
it's got those pointy edges, right?
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๋์ด ๋ฝ€์กฑํ•˜์ฃ ?
06:55
So if you're wearing it under pants or a skirt
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๋ฐ”์ง€๋‚˜ ์น˜๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:57
or a sari, it's really obvious
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์‚ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž…์œผ๋ฉด, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ™•์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ
06:59
that you're wearing a prosthetic limb,
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ํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
and in societies where there's social stigma around being disabled,
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์žฅ์• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š”
07:05
people are particularly acute about this.
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์™ธ๊ด€์ƒ ํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ๋˜์ฃ .
07:08
So I'm going to show you some of the modifications we did.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
We did a lot of iterations, not just around this, but some other things.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:13
But here we have the version three, the ReMotion Knee,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‹œ๋„์ธ ReMotion ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
but if you look in here, you can see
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์ด ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
07:17
the noise dampener. It's quieter.
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์†Œ์Œ ๋ฐฉ์ง€์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ . ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜์ฃ .
07:22
The other thing we did is that we smoothed the profile.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์„ ์„ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:26
We made it thinner.
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๋” ์–‡๊ฒŒ์š”.
07:27
And something that's not obvious is that we
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก
07:29
designed it for mass production.
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์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:32
And this goes into my last point.
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์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์š”์ง€๋Š”,
07:34
We really, truly believe that if a product
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”, ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
07:36
is going to reach users at the scale that it's needed,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ™•๋ณด๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด
07:38
it needs to be market-driven,
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์‹œ์žฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
and market-driven means that products are sold.
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์ฆ‰, ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
07:43
They're not donated. They're not heavily subsidized.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
07:46
Our product needs to be designed to offer value
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์ œํ’ˆ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์น˜์žˆ๋Š”
07:48
to the end user.
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๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
It also has to be designed to be very affordable.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์ €๋ ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
07:52
But a product that is valued by a customer
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๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉด, ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋Š”
07:54
is used by a customer,
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์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
07:56
and use is what creates impact.
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์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜์ฃ .
07:58
And we believe that as designers,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
08:00
it holds us accountable to our customers.
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์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
And with centralized manufacturing,
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์ œ์กฐ ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ์›ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
08:06
you can control the quality control,
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
08:08
and you can hit that $80 price point
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80๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์—์„œ
08:09
with profit margins built in.
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๋งˆ์ง„์„ ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:12
And now, those profit margins are critical,
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์ˆ˜์ต ๋งˆ์ง„์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ์š”,
08:14
because if you want to scale, if you want to reach
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
08:16
all the people in the world who possibly need a knee,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ณต ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
08:18
it needs to be economically sustainable.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
So I want to give you a sense of where we are at.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ค์ ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด,
08:24
We have fit over 5,000 amputees,
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5,000๋ช…์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:27
and one of the big indicators we're looking at, of course,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก 
08:30
is, does it improve lives?
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๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฐ€? ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
Well, the standard is, is someone
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์Œ, ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ 6๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„์—๋„
08:33
still wearing their knee six months later?
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์ €ํฌ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
The industry average is about 65 percent.
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์‚ฐ์—… ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” 65%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
Ours is 79 percent,
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์ €ํฌ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ 79%์ฃ .
08:41
and we're hoping to get that higher.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋” ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
Right now, our knees are worn in 12 countries.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š”, 12๊ฐœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
This is where we want to get, though,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”
08:48
in the next three years.
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3๋…„ ํ›„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์ด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
We'll double the impact in 2015,
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2015๋…„์—๋Š” ๋‘๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€,
08:52
and we'll double it each of the following years after that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๋„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์† ๋‘๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
But then we hit a new challenge,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋‚œ๊ด€์€,
08:57
and that's the number of skilled prosthetists
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์ˆ™๋ จ๋œ ๋ณด์ฒ ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
08:59
who are able to fit knees.
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๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
So I want to end with a story of Pournima.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋์œผ๋กœ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ๋งˆ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ• ๊นŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
Pournima was 18 years old
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ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ๋งˆ๋Š” 18์‚ด ๋•Œ
09:07
when she was in a car accident where she lost her leg,
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์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
and she traveled 12 hours by train
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12์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ 
09:13
to come to the clinic to be fit with a knee,
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์˜์กฑ์„ ๋งŸ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜๋ฃŒ์›์— ์™”๊ณ ,
09:15
and while all of the amputees who wear our knees
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์ €ํฌ ์ œํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘
09:18
affect us as the designers,
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์ œํ’ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
09:20
she's particularly meaningful to me as an engineer and as a woman,
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ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ๋งˆ๋Š” ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด์ด์ž ์—ฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
09:24
because she was in school,
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
she had just started school to study engineering.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹œ, ๊ณตํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž…ํ•™์„ ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์–ด์š”.
09:29
And she said, "Well, now that I can walk again,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ , "์Œ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋์œผ๋‹ˆ
09:31
I can go back and complete my studies."
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ํ•™๊ต๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์–ด์š”."
09:33
And to me she represents the next generation
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์ €๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๊ณตํ•™๋„์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
09:36
of engineers solving problems
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ 
09:39
and ensuring meaningful technologies
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์˜๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋ฉฐ
09:42
reach their users.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ๋ป—์ฃ .
09:44
So thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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