A new way to heal hearts without surgery | Franz Freudenthal

109,768 views ・ 2016-09-30

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Ju Hye Lim κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
The most complex problems in our time
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우리 μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ€
00:16
can be solved with simple techniques,
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 기술둜 해결될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:19
if we are able to dream.
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κΏˆκΏ€ 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄μš”.
00:22
As a child, I discovered that creativity is the key
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어릴 λ•Œ μ €λŠ” 상상λ ₯이 κΏˆμ„ ν˜„μ‹€λ‘œ λ°”κΎΈλŠ” μ—΄μ‡ λΌλŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
to cross from dreams to reality.
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00:33
I learned this from my grandmother,
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제 ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ—κ²Œμ„œ λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
Dr. Ruth Tichauer,
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루슀 ν‹°μƒ€μš°μ–΄ λ°•μ‚¬μ΄μ…¨λŠ”λ°
00:38
a Jewish refugee that settled in the heart of the Andes.
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μ•ˆλ°μŠ€ μ‚°λ§₯ 쀑심에 μ •μ°©ν•˜μ‹  μœ λŒ€μΈ λ‚œλ―Όμ΄μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
That is how I grew up:
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μ €λŠ” ν¬λ©΄μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ°°μ› μ–΄μš”.
00:46
encouraged to see beyond any limitation.
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ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό λ„˜μ–΄μ„œ 보라고 말이죠.
00:50
So part of my education included helping her
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μ œκ°€ 받은 ꡐ윑의 일뢀가
λ¨Ό 곳의 원주민 κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ—μ„œ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ₯Ό λ•λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
in remote, indigenous communities.
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00:57
I cherish those memories,
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μ œκ°€ μ†Œμ€‘νžˆ μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” μΆ”μ–΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
because they helped me to understand life outside the city,
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λ„μ‹œ λ°–μ˜ μ‚Άκ³Ό κ°€λŠ₯성이 λ§Žμ€ μ‚Ά
01:07
a life with a lot of possibilities,
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μ–Έμ–΄λ‚˜ λ¬Έν™” μž₯벽이 μ—†λŠ” 삢을
01:10
without barriers, as language or culture.
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이해할 수 μžˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
During those trips, my grandmother used to recite a Kipling poem:
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ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ 닀닐 λ•Œ, ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” ν‚€ν”Œλ§μ˜ μ‹œλ₯Ό λ“€λ €μ£Όμ…¨μ–΄μš”.
01:18
"Something hidden. Go and find it.
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"μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ 무언가λ₯Ό κ°€μ„œ 찾아라.
01:22
Go and look behind the Mountains.
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κ°€μ„œ μ‚° λ’€λ₯Ό 보아라.
01:24
Something lost behind the mountains.
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μ‚° 뒀에 μžŠν˜€μ§„ 무언가λ₯Ό 보아라.
01:28
Lost and waiting for you. Go!"
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μžŠν˜€μ Έμ„œ λ„ˆλ₯Ό κΈ°λ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 무언가λ₯Ό. 가거라!"
01:33
In the coming years, I became a medical student.
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— μ €λŠ” μ˜λŒ€μƒμ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
One of every hundred children born worldwide
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ 신생아 100λͺ… 쀑 1λͺ…은
01:43
has some kind of heart disease.
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심μž₯병을 κ°–κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
There's a part of this problem I think I can solve --
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이 문제의 μ–΄λ–€ 뢀뢄은 μ œκ°€ ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
the part of this problem I have spent my life working on.
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제 μΌμƒλ™μ•ˆ μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
The problem starts
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이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
02:02
during pregnancy.
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μž„μ‹  쀑일 λ•Œ μ‹œμž‘λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
The fetus needs to survive inside the mother.
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νƒœμ•„λŠ” μ—„λ§ˆ μ•ˆμ—μ„œ 살아남아야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
Survival depends on communication
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νƒœμ•„μ˜ 생쑴은
μ „μ‹ κ³Ό 폐의 ν˜ˆκ΄€ 사이에 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” ꡐλ₯˜μ— λ‹¬λ €μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
between the systemic and the pulmonary blood.
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02:16
At the moment of birth,
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μΆœμ‚°μ˜ μˆœκ°„μ—
02:19
this communication needs to stop.
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ꡐλ₯˜λŠ” λ©ˆμΆ°μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
If it doesn't close, the baby has a hole in the heart.
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ꡐλ₯˜κ°€ λ‹«νžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ μ•„κΈ°μ˜ 심μž₯에 ꡬ멍이 μƒκΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
It is caused by prematurity and genetic conditions.
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μ‘°μ‚°κ³Ό μœ μ „μ  원인 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
But what we know today
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ•Œκ²Œλœ 것은
02:35
is that a lack of oxygen is also one of the causes.
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μ‚°μ†Œ 뢀쑱도 μ›μΈμ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
As you can see in the chart,
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이 λ„ν‘œμ— λ³΄μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
02:43
the frequency of this kind of hole
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ꡬ멍이 μƒκΈ°λŠ” λΉˆλ„μˆ˜λŠ”
02:48
dramatically increases with altitude.
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고도에 따라 κΈ‰κ²©νžˆ μ¦κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
Video: (Baby crying)
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μ˜μƒ: (μ•„κΈ°κ°€ 울고 있음)
02:56
When you look at patients with this condition,
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이런 증상을 가진 ν™˜μžλ₯Ό λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄
02:59
they seem desperate to breathe.
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숨 쉬기 μœ„ν•΄ μ•ˆκ°„νž˜μ„ μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
To close the hole, major surgery used to be the only solution.
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이 ꡬ멍을 막기 μœ„ν•œ μœ μΌν•œ 방법은 λŒ€μˆ˜μˆ λ°–μ— μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
One night, my friend Malte, were camping in the Amazon region.
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μ–΄λŠ λ‚  제 친ꡬ λ§ν…Œμ™€ μ•„λ§ˆμ‘΄μ—μ„œ μ•Όμ˜μ„ ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:14
The only thing that would not burn in the fire was a green avocado branch.
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그런데 녹색 아보카도 κ°€μ§€λ§Œ λΆˆμ— 타지 μ•Šλ”κ΅°μš”.
03:21
Then came a moment of inspiration.
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λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έλ•Œ κΉ¨λ‹¬μŒμ„ μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
So we used the branch as a mold for our first invention.
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우린 λ‚˜λ­‡κ°€μ§€λ‘œ 첫 발λͺ…ν’ˆμ˜ 거푸집을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
The holes in children's hearts can be closed with it.
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이걸둜 아이듀 심μž₯의 ꡬ멍을 막을 수 있죠.
03:32
A coil is a piece of wire wrapped onto itself.
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코일은 돌돌 말린 μ² μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
It maybe doesn't look so fancy to you now,
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•΄ 보이지 μ•Šμ„μ§€ λͺ°λΌλ„
03:40
but that was our first successful attempt
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이 μ»€λ‹€λž€ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν–ˆλ˜
03:44
to create a device for this major problem.
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첫 성곡적인 μ‹œλ„μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
03:49
In this video, we can see how a very tiny catheter
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μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 맀우 μž‘μ€ 관이
03:52
takes the coil to the heart.
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코일을 심μž₯으둜 μš΄λ°˜ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
The coil then closes the hole.
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코일은 ꡬ멍을 막아주죠.
03:57
After that moment of inspiration,
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이 λ°œμƒμ΄ λ– μ˜€λ₯Έ 후에
04:00
there came a very long time of effort
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μ•„μ£Ό κΈ΄ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό λ…Έλ ₯을 λ“€μ—¬
04:06
developing a prototype.
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μ‹œμ œν’ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
In vitro and in vivo studies took thousands of hours of work in the lab.
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생체내, 생체외 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 수 천 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ κ±Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
The coil, if it works, can save lives.
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코일이 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 있으면 생λͺ…을 살릴 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
I returned from Germany to Bolivia,
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μ €λŠ” λ…μΌμ—μ„œ λ³Όλ¦¬λΉ„μ•„λ‘œ λŒμ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
thinking that wherever we go,
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μ–΄λ””λ₯Ό κ°€λ“  λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” 기회λ₯Ό
04:25
we have the opportunity to make a difference.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ°–κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
04:29
With my wife and partner, Dr. Alexandra Heath,
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μ €λŠ” 제 μ•„λ‚΄μ΄μž ν˜‘λ ₯자인 μ•Œλ ‰μ‚°λ“œλΌ 히슀 박사와 ν•¨κ»˜
04:33
we started to see patients.
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ν™˜μžλ“€μ„ 보기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
After successfully treating patients with our coil,
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ν™˜μžλ“€μ„ μ½”μΌλ‘œ μ„±κ³΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μΉ˜λ£Œν•œ 뒀에
04:39
we felt really enthusiastic.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—΄μ˜κ°€ μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
But we live in a place
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” 곳은
04:46
that is 12,000 feet high.
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ν•΄λ°œ 만2천 ν”ΌνŠΈ(3,650m)μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
And,
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그리고
04:54
the patients there need a special device to solve their heart condition.
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이곳 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 심μž₯병을 고치렀면 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 기ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
The hole in altitude patients is different,
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κ³ μ§€λŒ€μ— μ‚¬λŠ” ν™˜μžλ“€μ€ 동λ§₯ 사이에 μžˆλŠ” ꡬ멍이
05:02
because the orifice between the arteries is larger.
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더 크기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ‹€λ₯Έ ꡬ멍을 κ°–κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
Most patients cannot afford to be treated on time,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ ν™˜μžλ“€μ€ 제 λ•Œ μΉ˜λ£Œλ°›μ„ 돈이 μ—†μ–΄μ„œ
05:11
and they die.
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μ£½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
The first coil could successfully treat
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첫 번째 코일은 볼리비아에 μžˆλŠ” ν™˜μžμ˜
05:17
only half of the patients in Bolivia.
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μ ˆλ°˜λ°–μ— μΉ˜λ£Œν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
The search started again.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
We went back to the drawing board.
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λ‹€μ‹œ κ΅¬μƒν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ£ .
05:31
After many trials,
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ‹œλ„ 끝에
05:33
and with the help of my grandmother's indigenous friends in the mountains,
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그리고 산에 μ‚¬λŠ” ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ 원주민 μΉœκ΅¬λΆ„λ“€μ˜ λ„μ›€μœΌλ‘œ
05:38
we obtained a new device.
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μƒˆ μž₯치λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
For centuries, indigenous women told stories by weaving complex patterns
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수 μ„ΈκΈ°λ™μ•ˆ 원주민 여인듀은 베틀에 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ νŒ¨ν„΄μ„ μ§œλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
05:46
on looms,
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이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
and an unexpected skill helped us for the new device.
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μ˜ˆμƒμΉ˜ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ 기술이 μƒˆ μž₯치λ₯Ό κ³ μ•ˆν•˜λŠ” 데 도움을 μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
We take this traditional method of weaving
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 베짜기의 전톡적인 방식을 톡해
05:56
and make a design made by a smart material
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ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ” 슀마트 물질둜 λ§Œλ“ 
06:00
that records shape.
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λ””μžμΈμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
It seems this time,
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보기에 μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ”
06:05
the weaving allows us to create a seamless device
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베짜기 덕뢄에 ν•œ 쑰각으둜만 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ Έμ„œ λ…ΉμŠ¬ 일이 μ—†λŠ”
06:10
that doesn't rust
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ μž₯치λ₯Ό
06:13
because it's made of only one piece.
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κ³ μ•ˆν•˜κ²Œ 된 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
It can change by itself into very complex structures
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이건 슀슀둜 맀우 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ ꡬ쑰둜 λ³€ν˜•ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”λ°
06:21
by a procedure that took decades to develop.
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κ°œλ°œν•˜λŠ”λ° μˆ˜μ‹­ 년이 κ±Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
As you can see, the device enters the body
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μž₯μΉ˜λŠ” μžμ—°μ μΈ ν†΅λ‘œλ₯Ό 톡해
06:29
through the natural channels.
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신체 μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
Doctors have only to close the catheter through the hole.
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μ˜μ‚¬λ“€μ€ ꡬ멍을 톡해 관을 λ§‰κΈ°λ§Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:36
Our device expands, places itself
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μž₯μΉ˜λŠ” ν™•μž₯λ˜μ–΄ 자리λ₯Ό 작고
06:38
and closes the hole.
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ꡬ멍을 λ§‰μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:42
We have this beautiful delivery system
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슀슀둜 μ•Œμ•„μ„œ μž‘λ™ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:45
that is so simple to use
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° 맀우 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ
06:47
because it works by itself.
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μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 전달 μ²΄κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
No open surgery was necessary.
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개볡 수술이 ν•„μš” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
07:04
As doctors, we fight with diseases
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μ˜μ‚¬λ‘œμ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
07:06
that take a long time and effort to heal -- if they do.
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고치기 μœ„ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό λ…Έλ ₯이 λ“œλŠ” μ§ˆλ³‘κ³Ό μ‹Έμ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:11
This is the child from before,
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이게 치료 μ „μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄κ³ 
07:14
after the procedure.
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치료 ν›„μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
As you can see --
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
07:17
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
07:22
As you can see, once the device is in place,
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μž₯μΉ˜κ°€ 자리λ₯Ό 작으면
07:25
the patient is 100 percent healed.
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ν™˜μžλŠ” 100% μ™„μΉ˜λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
From start to finish,
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μ‹œμž‘λΆ€ν„° λκΉŒμ§€
07:30
the whole procedure takes only 30 minutes.
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μΉ˜λ£Œμ— 30뢄밖에 μ†Œμš”λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:35
That's very rewarding from the medical and human point of view.
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μ˜ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œλ„ μΈκ°„μ μœΌλ‘œλ„ 맀우 λ³΄λžŒμžˆλŠ” 일이죠.
07:40
We are so proud that some of our former patients
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μ˜ˆμ „μ— μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΉ˜λ£Œν–ˆλ˜ ν™˜μžκ°€ 이젠 μš°λ¦¬μ™€ ν•œ νŒ€μ΄λΌλŠ” 것이
07:47
are part of our team --
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맀우 μžλž‘μŠ€λŸ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:50
a team, thanks to added close interaction
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더 κ°€κΉŒμ΄μ„œ ν™˜μžμ™€ λŒ€ν™”λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆŒ 수 있게 된 덕뢄에
07:54
with patients that work with us.
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νŒ€μ΄ 될 수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
07:57
Together, we have only one idea:
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우린 λ‹€ 같이 ν•œ 가지 μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λ§Œ 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
the best solutions need to be simple.
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κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 해결책은 λ‹¨μˆœν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
We lost the fear of creating something new.
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우린 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 두렀움을 λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:09
The path, it's not easy.
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이 길이 μ‰¬μš΄ 길은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:12
Many obstacles arise all the time.
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항상 λ‚œκ΄€μ΄ 도사리고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:15
But we receive strength from our patients.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 우린 ν™˜μžλ“€μ—κ²Œμ„œ νž˜μ„ μ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
Their resilience and courage
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ν™˜μžλ“€μ˜ 회볡λ ₯κ³Ό μš©κΈ°λŠ”
08:24
inspire our creativity.
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창의λ ₯을 κ³ μ·¨μ‹œμΌœ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
Our goal is to make sure
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우리의 λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 아이도
08:30
that no child is left behind,
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μ†Œμ™Έμ‹œν‚€μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
not because of cost or access.
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λΉ„μš©μ΄λ‚˜ μ ‘κ·Όμ„± λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 그런 일이 생기지 μ•Šκ²Œμš”.
08:39
So we have to start a foundation
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우린 1:1λͺ¨ν˜•μ„ μ°¨μš©ν•˜μ—¬
08:42
with a one-to-one model.
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μž¬λ‹¨μ„ μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:45
We will give one device for free
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μž₯치 ν•˜λ‚˜μ”©μ„ 무료둜 쀄 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:49
to make sure that every child is treated.
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λͺ¨λ“  아이듀이 μΉ˜λ£Œλ°›μ„ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘μš”.
08:53
We are in many countries now,
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우린 λ§Žμ€ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ 운영되고 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
08:56
but we need to be everywhere.
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λͺ¨λ“  λ‚˜λΌμ— μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:00
This whole thing began
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이 λͺ¨λ“  것이 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•΄ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” λ°œμƒ ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
09:03
with one impossible idea
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09:06
as will continue it, really:
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이 생각은 μ•žμœΌλ‘œλ„ 계속 μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
No child is left behind.
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μ–΄λ–€ 아이도 μ†Œμ™Έλ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
Muchas gracias.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:17
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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