Comics that ask "what if?" | Randall Munroe

1,038,010 views ใƒป 2014-05-08

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: K Bang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:12
So, I have a feature on my website where every week
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์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ •์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง€๋ฉด
00:15
people submit hypothetical questions
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š”
00:17
for me to answer,
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์ฝ”๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
and I try to answer them using math, science
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณผํ•™, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒํ™”๋ฅผ ์จ์„œ
00:21
and comics.
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
So for example, one person asked,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
what would happen if you tried to hit a baseball
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๋น›์˜ ์†๋„์— 90%๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์†๋„๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ์•ผ๊ตฌ๊ณต์„
00:26
pitched at 90 percent of the speed of light?
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์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
00:29
So I did some calculations.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ข€ ํ•ด๋ดค์ฃ .
00:32
Now, normally, when an object flies through the air,
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๋ณดํ†ต ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด
00:34
the air will flow around the object,
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์œ„ ๋น„๊ปด ํ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
00:36
but in this case, the ball would be going so fast
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณต์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
00:37
that the air molecules wouldn't have time
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๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์„ ๋น„์ผœ์ค„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด
00:39
to move out of the way.
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์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
The ball would smash right into and through them,
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๊ณต์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋•Œ๋ ค
00:44
and the collisions with these air molecules
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๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ถฉ๋Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
00:45
would knock away the nitrogen,
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๋‚˜ํŠธ๋ฅจ์ด๋‚˜ ํƒ„์†Œ, ์ˆ˜์†Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ„์ž์— ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ ธ
00:47
carbon and hydrogen from the ball,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์ž…์ž๋กœ
00:49
fragmenting it off into tiny particles,
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์‚ฐ์‚ฐ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
and also triggering waves of thermonuclear fusion
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ณต ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ธต์—์„œ๋Š”
00:53
in the air around it.
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์—ดํ•ต์œตํ•ฉ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:55
This would result in a flood of x-rays
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ X์„ ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ
00:57
that would spread out in a bubble
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž…์ž์™€ ๋ญ‰์ณ ๋ฐฉ์šธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
00:59
along with exotic particles,
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ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
plasma inside, centered on the pitcher's mound,
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๋ฐฉ์šธ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šค๋งˆ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ ํˆฌ์ˆ˜ ํŒ์— ๋ชฐ๋ ค์žˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:03
and that would move away from the pitcher's mound
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
01:07
slightly faster than the ball.
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ํˆฌ์ˆ˜ํŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
Now at this point, about 30 nanoseconds in,
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์•ฝ 30๋‚˜๋…ธ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ ์‹œ์ ์—
01:12
the home plate is far enough away
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ํ™ˆ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
01:14
that light hasn't had time to reach it,
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์•„์ง ๋น›์ด ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
which means the batter
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ, ํƒ€์ž๊ฐ€
01:17
still sees the pitcher about to throw
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ํˆฌ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ ๊ณต์„ ๋˜์ง€๋ ค๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
01:20
and has no idea that anything is wrong.
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์•„์ง ๋ณ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—†์–ด์š”.
01:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:24
Now, after 70 nanoseconds,
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70๋‚˜๋…ธ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:27
the ball will reach home plate,
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๊ณต์ด ํ™ˆํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
or at least the cloud of expanding plasma
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ ์–ด๋„ ๊ณต์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์˜€๋˜
01:31
that used to be the ball,
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šค๋งˆ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ๋„“์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
01:33
and it will engulf the bat and the batter
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šค๋งˆ๋Š” ํƒ€์ž์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ง์ด ๋ฟ ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:37
and the plate and the catcher and the umpire
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ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ์™€ ํฌ์ˆ˜, ์‹ฌํŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง‘์–ด์‚ผ์ผœ
01:40
and start disintegrating them all
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์ด๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
as it also starts to carry them backward
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๋™์‹œ์— ์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ด€์ค‘์„์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ ๋†“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
through the backstop, which also starts to disintegrate.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ด€์ค‘์„๋„ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜์ฃ .
01:50
So if you were watching this whole thing
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ • ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ
01:51
from a hill,
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์–ธ๋• ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
01:53
ideally, far away,
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์ด์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ์„œ,
01:56
what you'd see is a bright flash of light
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ์€ ์„ฌ๊ด‘์ผ ๋ฟ์ธ๋ฐ
01:57
that would fade over a few seconds,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ช‡์ดˆ๋งŒ์— ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ 
01:59
followed by a blast wave spreading out,
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๊ทธ ๋’ค๋กœ ๊ทธ ํญ๋ฐœ์˜ ์ž”ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
shredding trees and houses
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์ง‘๋“ค๋„
02:04
as it moves away from the stadium,
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๊ด€์ค‘์„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚ ๋ ค๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:06
and then eventually a mushroom cloud
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์ข…๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ„์„ฏ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด
02:09
rising up over the ruined city. (Laughter)
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ํํ—ˆ์˜ ๋„์‹œ ์œ„๋กœ ํ”ผ์–ด์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
02:12
So the Major League Baseball rules
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฉ”์ด์ ธ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์•ผ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์€
02:13
are a little bit hazy,
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
but โ€” (Laughter) โ€” under rule 6.02 and 5.09,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ --(์›ƒ์Œ)-- ๊ทœ์ • 6.02์™€ 5.09์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:20
I think that in this situation,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํƒ€์ž๊ฐ€
02:22
the batter would be considered hit by pitch
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์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งž์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ 
02:25
and would be eligible to take first base,
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1๋ฃจ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
if it still existed.
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1๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
02:30
So this is the kind of question I answer,
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์ œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด๋ž€๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์ด์—์š”.
02:32
and I get people writing in with
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„
02:34
a lot of other strange questions.
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๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
I've had someone write and say,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:39
scientifically speaking, what is the best
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๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ๋ชธ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
02:41
and fastest way to hide a body?
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์ˆจ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์˜€์–ด์š”.
02:43
Can you do this one soon?
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ตํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์„ธ์š”?
02:45
And I had someone write in,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์…จ๋˜๋ฐ,
02:47
I've had people write in about,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”.
02:49
can you prove whether or not you can find love again
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์‹ค์—ฐ์„ ๋‹นํ•œ ํ›„์—, ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—†๋Š”์ง€
02:51
after your heart's broken?
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์ฆ๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:53
And I've had people send in
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ณ„์‹œ์ฃ .
02:54
what are clearly homework questions
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ™์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๋ฐ
02:56
they're trying to get me to do for them.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:00
But one week, a couple months ago,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ์ „ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚ ,
03:03
I got a question that was actually about Google.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”.
03:06
If all digital data in the world were stored on punch cards,
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์ƒˆ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฒœ๊ณต ์นด๋“œ์— ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด
03:09
how big would Google's data warehouse be?
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ปค์•ผํ•˜์ฃ ? ๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
Now, Google's pretty secretive about their operations,
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋น„๋ฐ€์Šค๋Ÿฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์–ด์„œ
03:15
so no one really knows how much data Google has,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
and in fact, no one really knows how many data centers Google has,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด ์ •๋ณด ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ ๋ช‡๊ตฐ๋ฐ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.
03:20
except people at Google itself.
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋ง๊ณ ๋Š”์š”.
03:23
And I've tried, I've met them a few times,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ช‡ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜
03:24
tried asking them, and they aren't revealing anything.
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๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
So I decided to try to figure this out myself.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:32
There are a few things that I looked at here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ์—ฌ๊ฒจ ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
I started with money.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋จผ์ € ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:36
Google has to reveal how much they spend,
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด ๋ณดํ†ต ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€์ถœํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐํž ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:38
in general, and that lets you put some caps
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๋ฅผ
03:40
on how many data centers could they be building,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
because a big data center costs a certain amount of money.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:46
And you can also then put a cap on
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋“œ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
03:49
how much of the world hard drive market are they taking up,
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์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ถ”์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:51
which turns out, it's pretty sizable.
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๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
I read a calculation at one point,
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋„ ๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:55
I think Google has a drive failure
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๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ 1~2๋ถ„ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋“œ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ด๋ธŒ์—
03:56
about every minute or two,
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๊ณ ์žฅ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
and they just throw out the hard drive
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
04:01
and swap in a new one.
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์ƒˆ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜์ฃ .
04:02
So they go through a huge number of them.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•˜๋“œ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
And so by looking at money,
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๋ˆ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด
04:06
you can get an idea of how many of these centers they have.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋Œ€์ถฉ ์ง์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:08
You can also look at power.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
You can look at how much electricity they need,
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:14
because you need a certain amount of electricity to run the servers,
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์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ์ •๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:16
and Google is more efficient than most,
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ์œจ์ด ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ
04:18
but they still have some basic requirements,
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:21
and that lets you put a limit
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
04:23
on the number of servers that they have.
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด ๋ณด์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
You can also look at square footage and see
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ์ง€์˜ ๋„“์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
04:29
of the data centers that you know,
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์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ์ง€
04:31
how big are they?
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๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
How much room is that?
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ™•๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€,
04:33
How many server racks could you fit in there?
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๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:35
And for some data centers,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ์—๋Š”
04:37
you might get two of these pieces of information.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ •๋ณด ๋”๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์”ฉ ๋‘์—ˆ์„์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:39
You know how much they spent,
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์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์“ฐ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
04:41
and they also, say, because they had to contract
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์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด
04:43
with the local government
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์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€์™€
04:44
to get the power provided,
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๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:46
you might know what they made a deal to buy,
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๋˜ ๊ตฌ๋งค ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
04:49
so you know how much power it takes.
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์ „๋ ฅ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:50
Then you can look at the ratios of those numbers,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆซ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
04:53
and figure out for a data center
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์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:54
where you don't have that information,
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์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„
04:56
you can figure out,
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์ถ”์ธกํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
but maybe you only have one of those,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋””๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”์ •๊ฐ’์ด์—์š”.
04:59
you know the square footage, then you could figure out
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๋ถ€์ง€์˜ ๋„“์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
05:01
well, maybe the power is proportional.
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์ „๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
05:03
And you can do this same thing with a lot of different quantities,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฉด
05:05
you know, with guesses about the total amount of storage,
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์ „์ฒด ๋ณด๊ด€๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
the number of servers, the number of drives per server,
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์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๋ผ๋“ ๊ฐ€, ์„œ๋ฒ„๋‹น ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„
05:10
and in each case using what you know
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์ถ”์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์„œ, ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
05:13
to come up with a model that narrows down
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์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:16
your guesses for the things that you don't know.
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์ถ”์ •๊ฐ’์„ ์ขํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์•Œ์•„ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:18
It's sort of circling around the number you're trying to get.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์–ป์–ด๋‚ด๋ ค๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
And this is a lot of fun.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:23
The math is not all that advanced,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€
05:25
and really it's like nothing more than
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
05:28
solving a sudoku puzzle.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„์ฟ  ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
So what I did, I went through all of this information,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
05:35
spent a day or two researching.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ดํ‹€ ์ •๋„ ๋ฆฌ์„œ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
And there are some things I didn't look at.
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๋˜, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
05:39
You could always look at the Google
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์–ธ์ œ๋“  ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด ๋‚ด๋†“์€
05:42
recruitment messages that they post.
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๊ตฌ์ธ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:44
That gives you an idea of where they have people.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์  ์ž์›์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:46
Sometimes, when people visit a data center,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”, ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:47
they'll take a cell-cam photo and post it,
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์›๋ž˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ผ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํœด๋Œ€ ์ „ํ™”๋กœ
05:49
and they aren't supposed to,
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์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
05:51
but you can learn things about their hardware that way.
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์˜ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And in fact, you can just look at pizza delivery drivers.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ํ”ผ์ž ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ์›๋งŒ ์•Œ์•„๋ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
Turns out, they know where all the Google data centers are,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
05:59
at least the ones that have people in them.
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:02
But I came up with my estimate,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ธก์ด ๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š”,
06:04
which I felt pretty good about,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ „ ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
06:06
that was about 10 exabytes of data
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ,
06:09
across all of Google's operations,
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์•ฝ 10 ์—‘์‚ฌ๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
and then another maybe five exabytes or so
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋‹ค ์•ฝ 5 ์—‘์‚ฌ๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ ์ •๋„์˜
06:15
of offline storage in tape drives,
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์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์žŽ์— ์ €์žฅํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
which it turns out Google is
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์€ ํ…Œ์žŽ ์ €์žฅ ์žฅ์น˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ
06:18
about the world's largest consumer of.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ž„์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:21
So I came up with this estimate, and this is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์–ด๋‚ธ ์ถ”์ธก์œผ๋กœ
06:25
a staggering amount of data.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
It's quite a bit more than any other organization
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์ฒด๋ณด๋‹ค
06:29
in the world has, as far as we know.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:30
There's a couple of other contenders,
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๋‘์–ด๊ฐœ ์ •๋„ ๋Œ€์ ํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ๊ธดํ•œ๋ฐ,
06:32
especially everyone always thinks of the NSA.
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์•„๋งˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ NSA ๋ฅผ ๋–  ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:35
But using some of these same methods,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋น„์ˆซํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์จ์„œ
06:36
we can look at the NSA's data centers,
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NSA ์ž๋ฃŒ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:38
and figure out, you know, we don't know what's going on there,
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์ถ”์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
06:40
but it's pretty clear that their operation
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ™•์ธ์€ NSA ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ
06:43
is not the size of Google's.
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์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์–‘์€ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์— ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
Adding all of this up, I came up with
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ
06:46
the other thing that we can answer, which is,
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
how many punch cards would this take?
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒœ๊ณต ์นด๋“œ์— ๋‹ด์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:50
And so a punch card can hold
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์ฒœ๊ณต ์นด๋“œ์—๋Š” ์•ฝ 80์ž๋ฅผ
06:53
about 80 characters,
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๊ธฐ๋กํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
and you can fit about 2,000 or so cards into a box,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ์ƒ์ž์—๋Š” ์•ฝ 2,000์žฅ์˜ ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
and you put them in, say,
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๊ทธ ์ƒ์ž๋“ค์„
07:00
my home region of New England,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ธ ๋‰ด์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์Œ“์œผ๋ฉด
07:02
it would cover the entire region
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์ „์ฒด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋‹ค ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
up to a depth of a little less than five kilometers,
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๋†’์ด๋ฅผ ์•ฝ 5km ์ •๋„๋กœ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:08
which is about three times deeper
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ์•ฝ 2๋งŒ ๋…„์ „
07:09
than the glaciers during the last ice age
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋น™ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์Œ“์˜€๋˜
07:11
about 20,000 years ago.
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๋น™ํ•˜ ๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ์•ฝ 3๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
So this is impractical, but I think
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ํ˜„์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ง€๋งŒ
07:16
that's about the best answer I could come up with.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
And I posted it on my website. I wrote it up.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
And I didn't expect to get an answer from Google,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
because of course they've been so secretive,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋น„๋ฐ€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•ด์„œ
07:26
they didn't answer of my questions,
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์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ต๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
07:28
and so I just put it up and said,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•ด๋†“๊ณ 
07:29
well, I guess we'll never know.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด?๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:31
But then a little while later
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ณ ๋‚˜์„œ
07:33
I got a message, a couple weeks later, from Google,
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2์ฃผ์ฏค ํ›„์—”๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
saying, hey, someone here has an envelope for you.
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"๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
07:39
So I go and get it, open it up,
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์—ฐ๋ฝ์˜จ ๋ด‰ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์—ด์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ
07:42
and it's punch cards. (Laughter)
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์ฒœ๊ณต ์นด๋“œ์˜€์–ด์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
07:44
Google-branded punch cards.
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆํ™”๋œ ์ฒœ๊ณต ์นด๋“œ์˜€์ฃ .
07:47
And on these punch cards, there are a bunch of holes,
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์ฒœ๊ณต ์นด๋“œ์—๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
and I said, thank you, thank you,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ง™๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:52
okay, so what's on here?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:53
So I get some software and start reading it,
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ฝ์–ด๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
and scan them, and it turns out
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์Šค์บ”์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
07:57
it's a puzzle.
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์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ์˜€์–ด์š”.
07:58
There's a bunch of code,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ฝ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ ํ˜€์žˆ์–ด์„œ
08:00
and I get some friends to help,
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฒญํ–ˆ์ฃ .
08:01
and we crack the code, and then inside that is another code,
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์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์ž ๊ทธ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฝ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
and then there are some equations,
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๋ฐฉ์ •์‹๋„ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:05
and then we solve those equations,
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ
08:06
and then finally out pops a message from Google
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ค€ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
which is their official answer to my article,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ ๊ธ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
and it said, "No comment."
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด "์˜๊ฒฌ์—†์Œ(๋…ธ ์ฝ”๋ฉ˜ํŠธ)"
08:15
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(์›ƒ์Œ) (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
08:26
And I love calculating these kinds of things,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
and it's not that I love doing the math.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:31
I do a lot of math,
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:32
but I don't really like math for its own sake.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
08:35
What I love is that it lets you take
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
08:37
some things that you know,
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
and just by moving symbols around on a piece of paper,
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์ข…์ด ์œ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ๋งŒ ์›€์ง์—ฌ๋ณด๋ฉด
08:43
find out something that you didn't know
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”.
08:45
that's very surprising.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑด ์˜์™ธ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:47
And I have a lot of stupid questions,
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์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ
08:49
and I love that math gives the power
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ์ด๋”ฐ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฌธ์—
08:51
to answer them sometimes.
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๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
And sometimes not.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
08:55
This is a question I got from a reader,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ ๋…์ž๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
08:58
an anonymous reader,
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์ต๋ช…์˜ ๋…์ž์˜ˆ์š”.
08:59
and the subject line just said, "Urgent,"
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์ œ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” "๊ธ‰ํ•จ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ์—ฌ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:01
and this was the entire email:
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ”์ผ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
09:03
"If people had wheels and could fly,
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"์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:06
how would we differentiate them from airplanes?"
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?"
09:09
Urgent. (Laughter)
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๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:11
And I think there are some questions
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”
09:15
that math just cannot answer.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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