Kevin Stone: The bio-future of joint replacement

103,097 views ・ 2010-07-23

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sunphil Ga κ²€ν† : Seo Rim Kim
00:16
So let me just start with my story.
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제 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
So I tore my knee joint meniscus cartilage
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λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ 좕ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜λ‹€ 무릎 κ΄€μ ˆ 연골에
00:20
playing soccer in college.
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손상을 μž…μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
Then I went on to tear my ACL, the ligament in my knee,
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무릎의 μΈλŒ€κ°€ 찒어진 ν›„
00:26
and then developed an arthritic knee.
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무릎 κ΄€μ ˆμ—Όμ΄ μ‹¬ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
And I'm sure that many of you in this audience have that same story,
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μ—¬κΈ° 계신 λ§Žμ€ λΆ„λ“€κ»˜μ„œ 같은 이야기λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμœΌμ‹œμ£ .
00:31
and, by the way, I married a woman
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μ €λŠ” 저와 같은 μ²˜μ§€μ— μžˆλŠ”
00:33
who has exactly the same story.
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μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό κ²°ν˜Όμ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
So this motivated me to become an orthopedic surgeon
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이것은 μ œκ°€ μ •ν˜•μ™Έκ°€ μ˜μ‚¬κ°€ λ˜λŠ” 것과
00:39
and to see if I couldn't focus on solutions for those problems
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μ œκ°€ 이 문제 해결에 집쀑 ν•  수 μ—†λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄λ„λ‘ μžκ·Ήμ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:42
that would keep me playing sports and not limit me.
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슀포츠λ₯Ό 계속 ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠, 제게만 κ΅­ν•œ 된 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
00:46
So with that, let me just show you a quick video
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것과 ν•¨κ»˜, 짧은 λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό 톡해 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€
00:49
to get you in the mood of what we're trying to explain.
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우리 연ꡬ진이 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ§μž‘ν•˜μ‹€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
Narrator: We are all aware of the risk of cancer,
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λ‚˜λ ˆμ΄ν„°: μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•”μ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ„±μ„ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
00:54
but there's another disease
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ§ˆλ³‘μ΄ 있죠
00:56
that's destined to affect even more of us: arthritis.
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그것은 심지어 μ’€ 더 λ§Žμ€ ν™˜μžμ— λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€, κ΄€μ ˆμ—Όμ΄μ£ .
00:59
Cancer may kill you, but when you look at the numbers,
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암은 죽음으둜 이끌죠, ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 수치둜 λ³΄μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ,
01:01
arthritis ruins more lives.
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κ΄€μ ˆμ—Όμ€ μ’€ 더 λ§Žμ€ 삢을 κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ ν•˜μ£ .
01:03
Assuming you live a long life, there's a 50 percent chance
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였래 μ‚°λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ, κ΄€μ ˆμ—Όμ΄ 심화 될 ν™•λ₯ μ΄
01:05
you'll develop arthritis.
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50%μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
And it's not just aging that causes arthritis.
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λ…Έν™”κ°€ κ΄€μ ˆμ—Όμ„ μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
Common injuries can lead to decades of pain,
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λ³΄ν†΅μ˜ 뢀상듀은 μˆ˜λ…„κ°„μ˜ κ³ ν†΅μœΌλ‘œ 이끌 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
01:13
until our joints quite literally grind to a halt.
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κ΄€μ ˆμ΄ κ½€ λ‹³μ•„ μ—†μ–΄μ§ˆ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
Desperate for a solution, we've turned to engineering
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해결점이 λ§‰λ§‰ν•˜μ£ , 우리 연ꡬ진은 기술적인 κ³΅ν•™μœΌλ‘œ
01:18
to design artificial components
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인곡의 쑰직을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:20
to replace our worn-out body parts,
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λ‹³μ•„ 없어진 우리 λͺΈμ˜ 일뢀뢄을 κ΅μ²΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•¨μ΄μ£ .
01:22
but in the midst of the modern buzz
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 생체 곡학적인 μ‹ μ²΄μ˜ 전망을 λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό
01:24
around the promises of a bionic body,
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ν˜„λŒ€ κ³Όν•™μ˜ μ€‘μ‹¬μ—μ„œ
01:26
shouldn't we stop and ask if there's a better, more natural way?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 μ’‹κ³  μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 방법이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:31
Let's consider an alternative path.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 방법을 생각해보죠.
01:33
What if all the replacements our bodies need
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λ§Œμ•½ 우리 λͺΈμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  이식체가
01:36
already exist in nature,
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μžμ—°μ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜,
01:38
or within our own stem cells?
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ν˜Ήμ€ 우리의 쀄기세포에 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
01:40
This is the field of biologic replacements,
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이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ†μƒλœ 뢀뢄을 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것과
01:42
where we replace worn-out parts with new, natural ones.
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μ•Œλ§žλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ ꡐ체할 수 μžˆλŠ” 생λͺ…ν•™μ˜ 이식뢄야가 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
Kevin Stone: And so, the mission is:
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μΌ€λΉˆ μŠ€ν†€: 그리고 이 μž„λ¬΄λŠ”:
01:47
how do I treat these things biologically?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이런 μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ μƒλ¬Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ 치료 ν• κΉŒ? μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
And let's talk about both what I did for my wife,
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제 μ‚Άκ³Ό 수백λͺ…μ˜ ν™˜μžλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
01:51
and what I've done for hundreds of other patients.
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μ œκ°€ μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜μ£ .
01:53
First thing for my wife,
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μ•„λ‚΄λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ €ν•œ 것과,
01:55
and the most common thing I hear from my patients,
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특히 40λŒ€μ—μ„œ 70, 80λŒ€ 측의 ν™˜μžλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
01:57
particularly in the 40- to 80-year-old age group, 70-year-old age group,
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μ œκ°€ λ“€μ—ˆλ˜ 보편적인 것은,
02:00
is they come in and say,
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그듀이 μ €μ—κ²Œ 와 λ§ν•˜μ…¨μ£ ,
02:02
"Hey, Doc, isn't there just a shock absorber you can put in my knee?
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"μ €κΈ°μš”, μ˜μ‚¬ μ„ μƒλ‹˜, 제 λ¬΄λ¦Žμ— μ£Όμž…ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ™„μΆ©μ œκ°€ μ—†λ‚˜μš”?"
02:04
I'm not ready for joint replacement."
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"μ €λŠ” 아직 κ΄€μ ˆ 이식에 μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”."
02:06
And so for her, I put in a human meniscus allograft donor
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ €λŠ” κ΄€μ ˆ 곡간에
02:09
right into that [knee] joint space.
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κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ λ§žλŠ” κ΄€μ ˆ 쑰직을 μ΄μ‹ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
And [the allograft] replaces [the missing meniscus].
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κ΄€μ ˆ 쑰직이 μ†μƒλœ 쑰직을 λŒ€μ²˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
And then for that unstable ligament,
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이후 λΆˆμ•ˆμ •ν™˜ μΈλŒ€λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
02:15
we put in a human donor ligament
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 무릎의 μ•ˆμ •μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:17
to stabilize the knee.
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기증받은 μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μΈλŒ€λ₯Ό μ΄μ‹ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
And then for the damaged arthritis on the surface,
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그리고 μ†μƒλœ κ΄€μ ˆμ—Ό ν‘œλ©΄μ„ μœ„ν•΄,
02:22
we did a stem cell paste graft,
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쀄기 세포 이식을 μ ‘λͺ©μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
02:24
which we designed in 1991,
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이 μ‹œμˆ μ€ 1991λ…„ κ³ μ•ˆ 됐으며,
02:26
to regrow that articular cartilage surface
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κ΄€μ ˆ 연골 ν‘œλ©΄μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ μ„±μž₯ μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
02:29
and give it back a smooth surface there.
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ν‘œλ©΄μ„ λΆ€λ“œλŸ½κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
So here's my wife's bad knee on the left,
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μ—¬κΈ° 제 μ•„λ‚΄μ˜ 쒋지 μ•Šμ€ 였랜μͺ½ λ¬΄λ¦Žμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€,
02:34
and her just hiking now
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μ§€κΈˆ ν•˜μ΄ν‚Ήμ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€,
02:36
four months later in Aspen, and doing well.
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μ•„μŠ€νŽœμ—μ„œμ˜ 4κ°œμ›” μ „μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•„μ£Ό μž˜ν•˜μ£ .
02:39
And it works, not just for my wife, but certainly for other patients.
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해결이 λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, 단지 제 μ•„λ‚΄ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ‹€λ₯Έ ν™˜μžλ“€κΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨λ‘.
02:42
The girl on the video, Jen Hudak,
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λΉ„λ””μ˜€μ— μžˆλŠ” 여성은, μ–€ ν›„λ‹₯은
02:44
just won the Superpipe in Aspen
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μ•„μ„ΈνŽœ μˆ˜νΌνŒŒμ΄ν”„ κ²½κΈ°μ—μ„œμ˜ μš°μŠΉμžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:46
just nine months after having destroyed her knee,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λ¬΄λ¦Žμ— 손상 된 ν›„ 9κ°œμ›”,
02:49
as you see in the other image --
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이 μ‚¬μ§„μ—μ„œ λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ --
02:51
and having a paste graft to that knee.
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이 λ¬΄λ¦Žμ— λΆ™μ—¬λ„£κΈ° 이식이 되고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
And so we can regrow these surfaces biologically.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μƒλ¬Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ 이 ν‘œλ©΄λ“€μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ μž¬μƒμ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
So with all this success,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 성곡과 ν•¨κ»˜,
02:59
why isn't that good enough, you might ask.
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μ™œ 그것이 μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„κΉŒ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬Όμ–΄λ³΄μ•˜μ£ .
03:02
Well the reason is because there's not enough donor cycles.
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ κΈ°μ¦μžκ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
There's not enough young, healthy people
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μ˜€ν† λ°”μ΄μ— λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ
03:07
falling off their motorcycle
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 쑰직을 기증할
03:09
and donating that tissue to us.
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κ±΄κ°•ν•œ μ Šμ€μ΄λ“€μ΄ μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
And the tissue's very expensive.
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 이 쑰직은 맀우 λΉ„μ‹Έμ£ .
03:15
And so that's not going to be a solution
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것은 해법이 λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:17
that's going to get us global with biologic tissue.
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생물학적 쑰직과 ν•¨κ»˜ 우리λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ μΈλ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
But the solution is animal tissue
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 해법은 동물 μ‘°μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:22
because it's plentiful, it's cheap,
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ν’λΆ€ν•˜κ³ , 가격이 μ‹ΈκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
you can get it from young, healthy tissues,
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μ Šμ–΄μ„œ κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 쑰직을 얻을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
03:27
but the barrier is immunology.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μž₯μ• κ°€ λ˜λŠ” 것은 면역학이죠.
03:29
And the specific barrier
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λͺ…ν™•ν•œ μž₯μ• λŠ”
03:31
is a specific epitope
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ꡬ체적인 ν•­μ›κ²°μ •μΈμž μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:33
called the galactosyl, or gal epitope.
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κ°ˆλ½ν† μ‹œ ν˜Ήμ€ 갈 ν•­μ›κ²°μ •μΈμžλΌκ³  λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” 것이죠.
03:35
So if we're going to transplant animal tissues to people,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ§Œμ•½ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 동물 쑰직을 μ΄μ‹ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
03:37
we have to figure out a way to get rid of that epitope.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ ν•­μ›κ²°μ •μΈμžλ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 이해해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
So my story in working with animal tissues
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동물 쑰직에 κ΄€ν•œ 제 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ”
03:42
starts in 1984.
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1984년에 μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
And I started first
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μ €λŠ” 처음으둜
03:46
with cow Achilles tendon,
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μ†Œ μ•„ν‚¬λ ˆμŠ€κ±΄μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
03:48
where we would take the cow Achilles tendon,
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제 1ν˜• 콜라겐인
03:50
which is type-I collagen,
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μ†Œ μ•„ν‚¬λ ˆμŠ€κ±΄μ„ 가져와,
03:52
strip it of its antigens
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항원을 λ²—κ²¨λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:54
by degrading it with an acid and detergent wash
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μ•„ν‚¬λ ˆμŠ€κ±΄μ„ μ‚°μ„±μœΌλ‘œ μ•½ν™” μ‹œν‚€κ³  깨끗이 씻은 λ’€
03:57
and forming it into a regeneration template.
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μž¬μƒμš© μ£Όν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν˜• μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
We would then take that regeneration template
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μž¬μƒμš© μ£Όν˜•μ„ 가지고 이것을
04:02
and insert it into the missing meniscus cartilage
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손상이 된 연골에 μ£Όμž…μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
04:05
to regrow that in a patient's knee.
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ν™˜μžμ˜ 무릎 연골이 μž¬μƒν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•¨μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
04:08
We've now done that procedure,
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κ·Έ 과정을 μ§€κΈˆμ€ λλƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
04:10
and it's been done worldwide in over 4,000 cases,
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 4,000 번의 μ‹œμˆ μ΄ ν–‰ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
04:12
so it's an FDA-approved and worldwide-accepted way
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FDA 승인과 μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ κ΄€μ ˆμ„ μž¬μƒμ‹œν‚€λŠ”
04:15
to regrow the meniscus.
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이 방법은 승인 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
And that's great when I can degrade the tissue.
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λ†€λΌμš΄ 것은 μ œκ°€ 쑰직을 손상 μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
But what happens for your ligament when I need an intact ligament?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 손상이 μ—†λŠ” μΈλŒ€λ₯Ό ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•  λ•Œ μΈλŒ€μ— 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚ κΉŒμš”?
04:23
I can't grind it up in a blender.
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λ―Ήμ„œμ— 이것을 갈 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
So in that case,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 상황에,
04:27
I have to design -- and we designed with Uri Galili and Tom Turek --
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λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ -- 유리 갈릴리, ν†° νŠœλ ‰κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
04:30
an enzyme wash
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νš¨μ†Œ 세첫은
04:32
to wash away, or strip,
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μ”»κ·Έ κ°ˆλΌν† μ‹€ 에피토프λ₯Ό
04:34
those galactosyl epitopes
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μ”»κ²¨λ‚΄κ±°λ‚˜ ν˜Ήμ€ 벗겨 λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€,
04:36
with a specific enzyme.
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νŠΉμ •ν•œ νš¨μ†Œλ‘œ 말이죠.
04:38
And we call that a "gal stripping" technique.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 "갈 벗겨내기" 기술이라 ν•˜μ£ .
04:41
What we do is humanize the tissue.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 것은 이 쑰직을 인체에 μ μ‘μ‹œν‚€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
It's by gal stripping that tissue
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"갈 벗겨내기"에 μ˜ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ μ‘°μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:45
we humanize it (Laughter),
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이것을 인체에 적응 μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:47
and then we can put it back
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그리고 닀리 ν™˜μžμ˜ λ¬΄λ¦Žμ—
04:49
into a patient's knee.
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원 μƒνƒœλ‘œ 돌렀 놓을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:53
And we've done that. Now we've taken pig ligament --
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그것을 λλƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 우리 연ꡬ진은 돼지 μΈλŒ€λ₯Ό 가져와 --
04:55
young, healthy, big tissue,
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젊고, κ±΄κ°•ν•œ, 큰 쑰직을
04:57
put it into 10 patients in an FDA-approved trial --
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FDA μŠΉμΈμ— 따라 10λͺ…μ˜ ν™˜μžμ— μ΄μ‹ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
05:00
and then one of our patients went on to have
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그리고 ν™˜μž 쀑 ν•œλΆ„μ€
05:02
three Canadian Masters Downhill championships --
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3μ’…λͺ© μΊλ‚˜λ‹€ λ§ˆμŠ€ν„° ν™œκ°• 경기에 μ°Έκ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
05:05
on his "pig-lig," as he calls it. So we know it can work.
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μ΄μ‹ν•œ μΈλŒ€λ‘œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 μ‹œμˆ μ΄ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•˜μ£ .
05:07
And there's a wide clinical trial of this tissue now pending.
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이 쑰직의 ν™œμš©λ„μ— λ§Žμ€ μž„μƒ μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
So what about the next step?
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그럼 λ‹€μŒ λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
05:14
What about getting to a total biologic knee replacement,
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뢀뢄이 μ•„λ‹Œ, μ™„μ „ν•œ 생물학적 무릎 이식은
05:16
not just the parts?
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μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
05:18
How are we going to revolutionize artificial joint replacement?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 인곡 κ΄€μ ˆ 이식에 혁λͺ…을 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
05:21
Well here's how we're going to do it.
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μ—¬κΈ° 이 λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 우리의 방법이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
So what we're going to do is take
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 것은
05:25
an articular cartilage
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젊고, κ±΄κ°•ν•œ λΌμ§€μ˜
05:27
from a young, healthy pig,
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μ‹€μ œ 연골을 가져와
05:29
strip it of its antigens,
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μ΄κ²ƒμ˜ 항원을 벗겨내고,
05:31
load it with your stem cells,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 쀄기 세포에 μ—°κ²°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€,
05:34
then put it back on to that
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이후 무릎의 μ†μƒλœ κ΄€μ ˆ ν‘œλ©΄μ—
05:36
arthritic surface in your knee,
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λ‹€μ‹œ μ›μœ„μΉ˜μ— λ†“μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
05:39
tack it on there, have you heal that surface
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그곳에 κ³ μ •μ‹œν‚€λ©΄ κ·Έ ν‘œλ©΄μ΄ νšŒλ³΅λ˜λ©΄μ„œ
05:42
and then create a new biologic surface for your knee.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 무릎의 생물학적 ν‘œλ©΄μ΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
So that's our biologic approach right now.
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그것이 λ°”λ‘œ 우리의 생물학적 μ ‘κ·Όλ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
We're going to rebuild your knee with the parts.
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κ·Έ λΆ€λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ¬΄λ¦Žμ„ μ™„μΉ˜ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:54
We're going to resurface it with a completely new surface.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ μ†μƒλœ ν‘œλ©΄μ„ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν‘œλ©΄μœΌλ‘œ μž¬μƒ μ‹œν‚¬ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
But we have other advantages from the animal kingdom.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 동물 μ™•κ΅­μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 이점을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
There's a benefit of 400 million years
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4μ–΅λ…„μ—μ„œ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ ν–‰ν•΄μ‘Œλ˜ λ³΄ν–‰μ˜
06:02
of ambulation.
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μ΄μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:04
We can harness those benefits.
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이 이점듀을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:06
We can use thicker, younger, better tissues
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젊고, 두껍고, 더 쒋은 쑰직을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:09
than you might have injured in your knee,
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λΆ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λ¬΄λ¦Žμ— μƒκΈ°λŠ” 쑰직 ν˜Ήμ€
06:11
or that you might have when you're 40, 50 or 60.
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40,50 ν˜Ήμ€ 60λŒ€μ— κ²ͺλŠ” κ΄€μ ˆμ—Ό 쑰직보닀 말이죠.
06:13
We can do it as an outpatient procedure.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ™Έλž˜ 수술둜써 μ‹œμˆ  ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
We can strip that tissue very economically,
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맀우 경제적인 κ·Έ 쑰직을 벗겨 λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
and so this is how we can get biologic knee replacement
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 생물학적 무릎 이식을 μ „ 세계에 μ „ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
06:21
to go global.
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λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
And so welcome to super biologics.
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졜고의 생물학에 μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:25
It's not hardware.
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이것은 ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ 
06:27
It's not software.
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μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ„ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
It's bioware.
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λ°”μ΄μ˜€μ›¨μ–΄μ£ 
06:32
It's version 2.0 of you.
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ν•œ 단계 λ°œμ „λœ λ²„μ „μ˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
And so with that, coming to a --
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이 방법과 ν•¨κ»˜, κ°€κΉŒμ΄μ— μžˆλŠ”
06:37
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:39
coming to an operating theater near you soon, I believe.
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μˆ˜μˆ μ‹€μ— 곧 μ˜€μ‹œλ¦¬λΌ λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
Thank you very much.
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맀우 κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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