The next manufacturing revolution is here | Olivier Scalabre

499,118 views ใƒป 2016-09-13

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: JY Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Gichung Lee
00:13
Guys, we have an issue.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ํฐ์ผ ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:17
Growth is fading away, and it's a big deal.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Our global economy stops growing.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
And it's not new.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ์‹๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
00:25
Growth has actually declined for the last 50 years.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ 50๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด๋ฆผ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
If we continue like this, we need to learn
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ถ”์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:31
how to live in a world with no growth in the next decade.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์„ฑ์žฅ์—†๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
This is scary because when the economy doesn't grow,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋‘๋ ค์šด ์ด์œ ๋Š”, ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:39
our children don't get better lives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
What's even scarier is that when the pie does not grow,
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๋” ๋‘๋ ค์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€, ์ „์ฒด ํŒŒ์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด
00:45
each of us get a smaller piece.
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๊ฐ์ž์˜ ๋ชซ๋„ ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์ฃ .
00:47
We're then ready to fight for a bigger one.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
00:50
This creates tensions and serious conflicts.
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๊ทธ๋กœ์จ ๋ถˆํ™”์™€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋นš์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
00:53
Growth matters a lot.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
If we look at the history of growth,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ ์ถ”์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด,
00:59
times of big growth have always been fueled
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๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋™๋ ฅ์›์€
01:02
by big manufacturing revolutions.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
It happened three times, every 50-60 years.
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50-60๋…„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ธ ์ฐจ๋ก€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
01:08
The steam engine in the middle of the 19th century,
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19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์— ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:12
the mass-production model in the beginning of the 20th century --
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์ƒ์‚ฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
thanks, Mr. Ford.
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ํฌ๋“œ์”จ ๋•ํƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:18
And the first automation wave in the 1970s.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1970๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์ž๋™ํ™” ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ์ด ์ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Why did these manufacturing revolutions
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช…๋“ค์ด
01:24
create huge growth in our economies?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œ์ผฐ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:27
Because they have injected huge productivity improvement.
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
It's rather simple:
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
01:33
in order to grow, you need to be producing more,
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๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:36
putting more into our economy.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
This means either more labor or more capital or more productivity.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ณธ, ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:44
Each time, productivity has been the growth lever.
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์€ ๋Š˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์ง€๋ ›๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
I'm here today to tell you
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:52
that we are on the verge of another huge change,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ณ€ํ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋กœ์— ์„œ ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:56
and that this change, surprisingly enough,
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๊ทธ ๋ณ€ํ˜์€ ์˜์™ธ๋กœ
01:59
is going to come from manufacturing, again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
It will get us out of our growth slump
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ๋งŒ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์นจ์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:06
and it will change radically the way globalization has been shaped
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•ด์™”๋˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„
02:10
over the last decade.
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๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
I'm here to tell you about the amazing fourth manufacturing revolution
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์€ ๊ทธ ๋†€๋ผ์šด 4์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์ด
02:17
that is currently underway.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
It's not as if we've done nothing with manufacturing
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์ง€๋‚œ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช… ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์•„๋ฌด ์ง„์ „์ด
02:21
since the last revolution.
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์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Actually, we've made some pretty lame attempts
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋ณ€๋ณ€์ฐฎ์€ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
02:25
to try to revitalize it.
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์ œ์กฐ์—…์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:27
But none of them have been the big overhaul
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹œ๋„๋„ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
02:30
we really need to get us growing again.
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ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
For example, we've tried to relocate our factories offshore
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์žฅ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด์•ˆ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
in order to reduce cost and take advantage of cheap labor.
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์šด์†ก๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์˜€์ฃ .
02:41
Not only did this not inspire productivity,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
02:44
but it only saved money for a short period of time,
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ๊ทธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
because cheap labor didn't stay cheap for long.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
Then, we've tried to make our factories larger
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž, ๊ณต์žฅ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:54
and we specialized them by product.
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์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
The idea was that we can make a lot of one product
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜์ž๋Š” ์ทจ์ง€์˜€๊ณ 
03:00
and stockpile it to be sold with demand.
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ํŒ”๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‘์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
This did help productivity for a while.
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ํ•œ ๋™์•ˆ์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:06
But it introduced a lot of rigidities in our supply chain.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ง์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Let's take fashion retail.
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์˜๋ฅ˜ ์—…๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
03:13
Traditional clothing companies
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์กฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
03:15
have built offshore, global, rigid supply chains.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์— ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ๋‘๊ณ , ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
When fast-fashion competitors like Zara
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์ œํ’ˆ ํšŒ์ „์ด ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ž๋ผ(Zara)๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฅ˜์—…์ฒด๋Š”
03:23
started replenishing their stocks faster
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์žฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ์ง„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
from two collections a year to one collection a month,
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1๋…„์— 2๊ฐœ ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„, ํ•œ๋‹ฌ์— ํ•œ ๊ฐœ ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:29
none of them have been able to keep up with the pace.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์š”.
03:32
Most of them are in great difficulties today.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์˜๋ฅ˜์—…์ฒด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Yet, with all of their shortcomings,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€
03:39
those are the factories we know today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
When you open the doors,
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๋ฌธ ๋ฐ–์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ด๋„
03:43
they look the same as they did 50 years ago.
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50๋…„ ์ „๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์ฃ .
03:46
We've just changed the location, the size, the way they operate.
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์œ„์น˜์™€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ, ์šด์˜๋ฐฉ์‹๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ด์—์š”.
03:52
Can you name anything else that looks the same
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50๋…„ ์ „๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์—†๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋‘๊ณ 
03:54
as it did 50 years ago?
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฆ„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”.
03:56
It's crazy.
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์ •์‹ ๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ์ง“์ด์ฃ .
03:57
We've made all the tweaks to the model that we could,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ด์™”์ง€๋งŒ,
04:00
and now we hit its limits.
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์ด์ œ ํ•œ๊ณ„์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
After all of our attempts to fix the manufacturing model failed,
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์ œ์กฐ์—… ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๋„๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:09
we thought growth could come from elsewhere.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
We turned to the tech sector --
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ์ฃ .
04:14
there's been quite a lot of innovations there.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Just to name one: the Internet.
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ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ์„œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:19
We hoped it could produce growth.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
And indeed, it changed our lives.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ƒํ™œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์ฃ .
04:24
It made big waves in the media, the service, the entertainment spaces.
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๋ฏธ๋””์–ด, ์„œ๋น„์Šค, ์˜ค๋ฝ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํŒŒ์žฅ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
But it hasn't done much for productivity.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์—๋Š” ๋ณ„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:32
Actually, what's surprising is that productivity is on the decline
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
despite all of those innovation efforts.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:39
Imagine that -- sitting at work, scrolling through Facebook,
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ์•‰์•„์„œ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ๋งŒ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:43
watching videos on YouTube has made us less productive.
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์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ๋™์˜์ƒ๋งŒ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์—์š”.
04:47
Weird.
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ํฌํ•œํ•œ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
04:48
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:49
This is why we are not growing.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
We failed at reinventing the manufacturing space,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜„์žฅ์˜ ์žฌ์ฐฝ์กฐ์— ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
and large technological innovations have played away from it.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํ˜์‹ ์€ ์ด์™€ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:01
But what if we could combine those forces?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ•ฉ์น˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
05:03
What if the existing manufacturing and large technological innovation
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ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณ„์™€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ˜์‹ ์ด
05:08
came together to create the next big manufacturing reinvention.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํž˜์„ ํ•ฉ์น˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
05:13
Bingo!
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์ฃ !
05:14
This is the fourth manufacturing revolution,
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ 4์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
and it's happening right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:19
Major technologies are entering the manufacturing space,
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์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
big time.
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๋Œ€์„ฑ๊ณต์ด์—์š”.
05:24
They will boost industrial productivity by more than a third.
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3์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช… ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ํœ ์”ฌ ๋” ๋†’์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
This is massive, and it will do a lot in creating growth.
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์ด๊ฑด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:33
Let me tell you about some of them.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
05:36
Have you already met advanced manufacturing robots?
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ˜• ์‚ฐ์—… ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ๋ณด์‹  ์  ์žˆ์ฃ ?
05:39
They are the size of humans,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ด๊ณ 
05:41
they actually collaborate with them,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜‘์—…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
and they can be programmed
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
05:45
in order to perform complex, non-repetitive tasks.
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
Today in our factories, only 8 percent of the tasks are automated.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‚ , ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ณต์ • ์ž๋™ํ™” ๋น„์œจ์€ ๋‹จ 8%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
The less complex, the more repetitive ones.
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๋œ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ž‘์—…์— ์“ฐ์ด์ฃ .
05:58
It will be 25 percent in 10 years.
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๊ทธ ๋น„์œจ์€ 10๋…„ ๋‚ด์— 25%๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
It means that by 2025,
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์ฆ‰, 2025๋…„๊นŒ์ง€
06:04
advanced robots will complement workers
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ˜• ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์ž‘์—…์ž๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์„œ
06:06
to be, together, 20 percent more productive,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ 20% ๋†’์ด๊ณ 
06:09
to manufacture 20 percent more outputs,
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์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ 20% ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
06:11
to achieve 20 percent additional growth.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์œจ 20%๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
This isn't some fancy, futuristic idea.
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๊ณต์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:18
These robots are working for us right now.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋กœ๋ด‡๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Last year in the US, they helped Amazon prepare and ship all the products
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์ž‘๋…„, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์•„๋งˆ์กด์€ ์ƒํ’ˆ์ค€๋น„์™€ ๋ฐฐ์†ก์— ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
required for Cyber Monday,
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์ผ๋…„ ์ค‘ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํŒ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์กฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š”
06:29
the annual peak of online retail.
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋จผ๋ฐ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:32
Last year in the US,
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์ž‘๋…„, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ
06:34
it was the biggest online shopping day of the year and of history.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์‡ผํ•‘์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
06:40
Consumers spent 3 billion dollars on electronics that day.
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๊ทธ๋‚  ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์€ ์ „์ž์ œํ’ˆ ๊ตฌ๋งค์— 30์–ต๋ถˆ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
That's real economic growth.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด์ฃ .
06:47
Then there's additive manufacturing, 3D printing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ์กฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์ฃ . 3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํŒ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
3D printing has already improved plastic manufacturing
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3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํŒ…์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์ œํ’ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
and it's now making its way through metal.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ธˆ์†๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:58
Those are not small industries.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž‘์€ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Plastic and metals represent 25 percent
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธˆ์†์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜
07:03
of global manufacturing production.
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25%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Let's take a real example.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
07:09
In the aerospace industry,
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์šฐ์ฃผ์‚ฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ
07:11
fuel nozzles are some of the most complex parts to manufacture,
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์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๋…ธ์ฆ์€ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
for one reason:
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ
07:17
they are made up of 20 different parts
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์ด ๋…ธ์ฆ์€ 20๊ฐœ์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
that need to be separately produced
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
07:23
and then painstakingly assembled.
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์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
07:27
Aerospace companies are now using 3D printing,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์‚ฐ์—… ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์€ 3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
which allows them to turn those 20 different parts
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด 20๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„
07:33
into just one.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:35
The results?
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
07:36
40 percent more productivity,
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด 40% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
40 percent more output produced, 40 percent more growth
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์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด 40% ๋Š˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์œจ์ด 40% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:42
for this specific industry.
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์ด ํŠน์ • ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋งŒ์š”.
07:45
But actually, the most exciting part of this new manufacturing revolution
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€, ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€
07:51
goes much beyond productivity.
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋ง๊ณ ๋„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
It's about producing better, smarter products.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ œํ’ˆ, ๋” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ฃ .
07:58
It's about scale customization.
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์ฃผ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž‘์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Imagine a world where you can buy the exact products you want
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:05
with the functionalities you need,
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:08
with the design you want,
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์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋Œ€๋กœ ๋””์ž์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
with the same cost and lead time
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์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์ƒ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ์™€
08:11
as a product that's been mass produced,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
like your car, or your clothes or your cell phone.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ, ์˜๋ณต, ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์„์š”.
08:17
The new manufacturing revolution makes it possible.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์ผ€ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Advanced robots can be programmed
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ˜• ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
08:23
in order to perform any product configuration
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ 
08:26
without any setup time or ramp up.
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์ค€๋น„์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋„ ํ•„์š”์น˜ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
3D printers instantaneously produce any customized design.
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3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๋กœ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
We are now able to produce a batch of one product, your product,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
at the same cost and lead time as a batch of many.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณต์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น  ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ฃ .
08:45
Those are only a few examples of the manufacturing revolution at play.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
Not only will manufacturing become more productive,
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์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:54
it will also become more flexible,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:57
and those were exactly the elements of growth that we are missing.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†“์นœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์š”์ธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
But actually, there are even some bigger implications
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น  ๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
for all of us when manufacturing will find its way back into the limelight.
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์ œ์กฐ์—…์ด ์˜ˆ์ „์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:12
It will create a huge macroeconomic shift.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑฐ์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
First, our factories will be relocated into our home markets.
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๋จผ์ €, ๊ณต์žฅ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์‹œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
In the world of scale customization,
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์ฃผ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž‘์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
09:24
consumer proximity is the new norm.
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์†Œ๋น„์ž ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
Then, our factories will be smaller, agile.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž‘์•„์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฏผ์ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
09:31
Scale does not matter anymore, flexibility does.
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๋”์ด์ƒ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์ง€๊ณ , ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
They will be operating on a multi-product, made-to-order basis.
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๋งž์ถค์ œ์ž‘์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ ์ œ์กฐ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:39
The change will be drastic.
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๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Globalization will enter a new era.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ ‘์–ด๋“ค๊ณ 
09:47
The East-to-West trade flows
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๋™์„œ ๋ฌด์—ญ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋Š”
09:50
will be replaced by regional trade flows.
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์ง€์—ญ๋‚ด ๊ต์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
East for East, West for West.
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๋™์ชฝ์€ ๋™์ชฝ๋ผ๋ฆฌ, ์„œ์ชฝ์€ ์„œ์ชฝ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๊ต์—ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:55
When you think about that,
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์ด๊ฑธ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:57
the old model was pretty much insane.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
Piling up stocks, making products travel the whole world
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์žฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์Œ“์•„๋‘๊ณ , ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•ด์•ผ
10:04
before they reach their end consumers.
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์†Œ๋น„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
The new model, producing just next to the consumer market,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์‹œ์žฅ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
will be much cleaner, much better for our environment.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:16
In mature economies, manufacturing will be back home,
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ๋ณธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
creating more employment,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
10:22
more productivity and more growth.
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๋” ๋†’์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋” ํฐ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ฃ .
10:25
Good news, isn't it?
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
10:28
But here's the thing with growth --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ๋„
10:30
it does not come automatically.
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์ €์ ˆ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Mature economies will have to seize it.
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์„ฑ์ˆ™๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋งŒ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์›€์ผœ์ฅ˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:35
We'll have to massively re-train our workforce.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์žฌ๊ต์œกํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
In most countries, like in my country, France,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ์ œ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์ธ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š”
10:41
we've told our children that manufacturing had no future.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
That it was something happening far away.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์™”์ฃ .
10:46
We need to reverse that
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
and teach manufacturing again at university.
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๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฐ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ต์œกํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
Only the countries that will boldly transform
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๊ณผ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋งŒ์ด
10:54
will be able to seize this growth.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์›€์ผœ์ฅ˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
It's also a chance for developing economies.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
Of course China and other emerging economies
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ ํฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ด์ œ
11:06
won't be the factory of the world anymore.
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๋”์ด์ƒ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณต์žฅ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
Actually, it was not a sustainable model in the long term,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
as those countries are becoming richer.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๋„ ์ ์  ๋ถ€๊ตญ์ด ๋  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:17
Last year, it was already as expensive to produce in Brazil
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์ž‘๋…„, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋น„์šฉ์€
11:22
as to produce in France.
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์ด๋ฏธ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
By 2018, manufacturing costs in China will be on par with the US.
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2018๋…„์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
The new manufacturing revolution
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์œผ๋กœ
11:35
will accelerate the transition of those emerging economies
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹ ํฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”๋˜๊ณ 
11:40
towards a model driven by domestic consumption.
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๋‚ด์ˆ˜์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
And this is good,
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜์ฃ .
11:44
because this is where growth will be created.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
In the next five years,
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ 5๋…„๊ฐ„
11:49
the next billion consumers in China will inject more growth in our economies
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์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
than the top five European markets together.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ƒ์œ„ 5๊ฐœ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ํ•ฉ์นœ ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:59
This fourth manufacturing revolution is a chance for all of us.
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4์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
If we play it right,
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:07
we'll see sustainable growth in all of our economies.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
This means more wealth distributed to all of us
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ถ€์˜ ์žฌ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ 
12:14
and a better future for our children.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ํŽผ์ณ์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
12:17
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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