My Country Will Be Underwater Soon -- Unless We Work Together | Anote Tong | TED Talks

55,895 views ใƒป 2015-12-16

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Vered Cherkez ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
Chris Anderson: Perhaps we could start by just telling us about your country.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ: ืื•ืœื™ ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœืš.
00:16
It's three dots there on the globe. Those dots are pretty huge.
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ืืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ื•ืก. ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื“ื™ ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช.
00:20
I think each one is about the size of California.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
00:23
Tell us about Kiribati.
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ืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™.
00:24
Anote Tong: Well, let me first begin by saying how deeply grateful I am
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ืื ื•ื˜ื” ื˜ื•ื ื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืœื‘
00:29
for this opportunity to share my story with people who do care.
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ืขืœ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืื›ืคืช ืœื”ื.
00:33
I think I've been sharing my story with a lot of people who don't care too much.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืฉื™ืชืคืชื™ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืื›ืคืช ืœื”ื.
00:39
But Kiribati is comprised of three groups of islands:
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ืืš ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื™ื™ื:
00:43
the Gilbert Group on the west,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื’ื™ืœื‘ืจื˜ ื‘ืžืขืจื‘,
00:45
we have the Phoenix Islands in the middle,
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ืื™ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืงืก ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–,
00:49
and the Line Islands in the east.
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ื•ืื™ื™ ื”ืงื• ื‘ืžื–ืจื—.
00:53
And quite frankly, Kiribati is perhaps the only country
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ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช, ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”
00:56
that is actually in the four corners of the world,
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ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ืชื‘ืœ,
00:59
because we are in the Northern Hemisphere, in the Southern Hemisphere,
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™, ื‘ื—ืฆื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจื•ืžื™
01:02
and also in the east and the west of the International Date Line.
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ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืžื–ืจื— ื•ืžืžืขืจื‘ ืœืงื• ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.
01:05
These islands are entirely made up of coral atolls,
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ื”ืื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื ืžืฉื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœืžื•ื’ื™ื,
01:11
and on average about two meters above sea level.
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ื•ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื›ืฉื ื™ ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื
01:16
And so this is what we have.
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ื•ื›ืš ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•.
01:20
Usually not more than two kilometers in width.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื ืœื ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
01:25
And so, on many occasions, I've been asked by people,
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ื•ื›ืš, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื ืฉืืœืชื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื,
01:28
"You know, you're suffering, why don't you move back?"
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"ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืืชื” ืกื•ื‘ืœ, ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ืชื–ื•ื– ืื—ื•ืจื”?"
01:30
They don't understand.
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ื”ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื.
01:31
They have no concept of what it is that's involved.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืžื” ื–ื” ื›ืจื•ืš.
01:35
With the rising sea, they say, "Well, you can move back."
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืื” ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื˜ื•ื‘, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื–ื•ื– ืื—ื•ืจื”".
01:39
And so this is what I tell them.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื.
01:40
If we move back, we will fall off on the other side of the ocean. OK?
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ืื ื ื–ื•ื– ืื—ื•ืจื”, ื ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก. ืื•ืงื™ื™?
01:45
But these are the kinds of issues that people don't understand.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืœื• ื”ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื.
01:50
CA: So certainly this is just a picture of fragility there.
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ื›ื: ืื– ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืžืฉ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืจื™ืจื™ื•ืช
01:54
When was it that you yourself realized
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ืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื” ืืชื” ื”ื‘ื ืช
01:56
that there might be impending peril for your country?
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ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื›ื ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœืš?
02:00
AT: Well, the story of climate change has been one that has been going on
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืฉื ืžืฉืš
02:03
for quite a number of decades.
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ืžื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืœื ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื.
02:05
And when I came into office in 2003,
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ื•ื›ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘- 2003,
02:10
I began talking about climate change at the United Nations General Assembly,
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื ื‘ืืกื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื•"ื,
02:14
but not with so much passion,
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ืืš ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื˜,
02:17
because then there was still this controversy among the scientists
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื
02:20
whether it was human-induced, whether it was real or it wasn't.
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ืื ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ืื ื–ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ ืื• ืœื.
02:26
But I think that that debate was fairly much concluded in 2007
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘- 2007
02:32
with the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC,
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ืขื ื“ื•"ื— ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืื ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื,
02:37
which made a categorical statement that it is real, it's human-induced,
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ืฉื™ืฆื ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืกื•ื™ื’ืช ืฉื–ื” ืืžื™ืชื™, ื•ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื,
02:44
and it's predicting some very serious scenarios
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ื•ืฆืคื” ืžืกืคืจ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื
02:48
for countries like mine.
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ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™.
02:51
And so that's when I got very serious.
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ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืžืื•ื“.
02:54
In the past, I talked about it.
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ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
02:58
We were worried.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื.
02:59
But when the scenarios, the predictions came in 2007,
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ืืš ื›ืฉื”ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื, ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื‘- 2007,
03:03
it became a real issue for us.
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ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•.
03:05
CA: Now, those predictions are, I think, that by 2100,
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ื›ื: ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืื•ืžืจื•ืช, ืื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ, ืฉืขื“ 2100,
03:11
sea levels are forecast to rise perhaps three feet.
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ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื›- 90 ืก"ืž ื‘ืขืจืš.
03:14
There's scenarios where it's higher than that, for sure,
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ื™ืฉื ื ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืœืคื™ื”ื ื–ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื‘ื˜ื—,
03:17
but what would you say to a skeptic who said,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืืชื” ืชืืžืจ ืœืกืคืงืŸ ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“,
03:19
"What's three feet?
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"ืžื” ื–ื” 90 ืก"ืž?
03:20
You're on average six feet above sea level.
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ืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื 180 ืก"ืž ืžืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข.
03:22
What's the problem?"
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ืžื” ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”?"
03:24
AT: Well, I think it's got to be understood
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
03:26
that a marginal rise in sea level
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ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืฉื•ืœื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื
03:28
would mean a loss of a lot of land,
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืื‘ื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงืจืงืข ืžืจื•ื‘ื”,
03:30
because much of the land is low.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
03:34
And quite apart from that, we are getting the swells at the moment.
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ื•ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš, ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข.
03:39
So it's not about getting two feet.
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ืื– ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืฉื ื•ืกืคื™ื 60 ืก"ืž.
03:41
I think what many people do not understand
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื” ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื
03:44
is they think climate change is something that is happening in the future.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ืงืจื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
03:50
Well, we're at the very bottom end of the spectrum.
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ืื ื›ืš, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื.
03:53
It's already with us.
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ืืฆืœื ื• ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื•ืจื”.
03:54
We have communities who already have been dislocated.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืžืงื•ืžืŸ.
03:58
They have had to move, and every parliament session,
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ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืžืžืฉืœื”,
04:02
I'm getting complaints from different communities
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืžืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
04:05
asking for assistance to build seawalls,
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ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืฉื•ื‘ืจื™ ื’ืœื™ื,
04:08
to see what we can do about the freshwater lens
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืขื“ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืงื™ื
04:10
because it's being destroyed,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื”ืจืกืช,
04:12
and so in my trips to the different islands,
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ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื•ืชื™ื™ ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
04:15
I'm seeing evidence of communities
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช
04:18
which are now having to cope with the loss of food crops,
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ืฉื ืืœืฆื•ืช ืขืชื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืื‘ื“ืŸ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
04:21
the contamination of the water lenses,
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ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืขื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื,
04:25
and I see these communities perhaps leaving, having to relocate,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ืขื–ื‘ื•, ื™ืืœืฆื• ืœืขืงื•ืจ,
04:29
within five to 10 years.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ืžืฉ ืขื“ 10 ืฉื ื™ื.
04:32
CA: And then, I think the country suffered its first cyclone,
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ื›ื: ื•ืื–, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืกื‘ืœื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฆื™ืงืœื•ืŸ,
04:35
and this is connected, yes? What happened here?
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ืžื” ืงืจื” ื›ืืŸ?
04:39
AT: Well, we're on the equator,
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืœ ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื”,
04:42
and I'm sure many of you understand that when you're on the equator,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื›ืฉืืชื ืขืœ ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื”,
04:46
it's supposed to be in the doldrums. We're not supposed to get the cyclones.
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ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืคืขื™ืœ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืงืœื•ื ื™ื.
04:50
We create them, and then we send them either north or south.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืชื, ื•ืื– ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืฆืคื•ื ื” ืื• ื“ืจื•ืžื”.
04:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:54
But they aren't supposed to come back.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ.
04:56
But for the first time, at the beginning of this year,
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ืืš ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ื•,
04:58
the Cyclone Pam, which destroyed Vanuatu,
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ื”ืฆื™ืงืœื•ืŸ ืคืื ืฉื”ืจืก ืืช ื•ื ื•ืื˜ื•,
05:02
and in the process, the very edges of it actually touched
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ื•ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš, ืฉื•ืœื™ื• ืžืžืฉ ื ื’ืขื•
05:06
our two southernmost islands,
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
05:08
and all of Tuvalu was underwater when Hurricane Pam struck.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื—ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ ืคืื ื”ื™ื›ืชื”.
05:13
But for our two southernmost islands,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
05:17
we had waves come over half the island,
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ื”ื™ื• ื’ืœื™ื ืฉื›ื™ืกื• ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืื™,
05:21
and so this has never happened before.
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ื•ื–ื” ื˜ืจื ืงืจื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
05:23
It's a new experience.
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ื–ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.
05:25
And I've just come back from my own constituency,
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ื–ื” ืขืชื” ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืžืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™,
05:30
and I've seen these beautiful trees which had been there for decades,
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ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื”ื™ืคื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื–ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื,
05:33
they've been totally destroyed.
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ื”ื ื ื”ืจืกื• ื›ืœื™ืœ.
05:35
So this is what's happening,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”.
05:37
but when we talk about the rising sea level,
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ืืš ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื
05:41
we think it's something that happens gradually.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”.
05:44
It comes with the winds, it comes with the swells,
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืขื ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช, ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืขื ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืœื™ื,
05:47
and so they can be magnified,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืฆื,
05:49
but what we are beginning to witness is the change in the weather pattern,
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ืืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
05:55
which is perhaps the more urgent challenge
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ืฉื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื“ื—ื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:58
that we will face sooner than perhaps the rising sea level.
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ืขืžื• ื ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื›ื ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื.
06:03
CA: So the country is already seeing effects now.
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ื›ื: ืื– ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืจื•ืื” ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
06:06
As you look forward,
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืงื“ื™ืžื”,
06:08
what are your options as a country, as a nation?
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ืžื” ื”ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืื•ืžื”?
06:12
AT: Well, I've been telling this story every year.
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”.
06:15
I think I visit a number of --
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ--
06:16
I've been traveling the world to try and get people to understand.
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ื˜ื™ื™ืœืชื™ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ.
06:21
We have a plan, we think we have a plan.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช.
06:24
And on one occasion, I think I spoke in Geneva
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ื“, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ื’'ื ื‘ื”
06:27
and there was a gentleman who was interviewing me
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื’ื‘ืจ ืฉืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™
06:31
on something like this,
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ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
06:33
and I said, "We are looking at floating islands,"
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืฆืคื™ื",
06:35
and he thought it was funny, but somebody said,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง, ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืžืจ,
06:38
"No, this is not funny. These people are looking for solutions."
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"ืœื, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆื—ื™ืง. ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช."
06:42
And so I have been looking at floating islands.
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื™ื ืฆืคื™ื.
06:45
The Japanese are interested in building floating islands.
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ื”ื™ืคื ื™ื ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืื™ื™ื ืฆืคื™ื.
06:49
But, as a country, we have made a commitment
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื ื•
06:52
that no matter what happens, we will try as much as possible
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ืฉืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ื™ืงืจื”, ื ื ืกื” ื›ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื•
06:56
to stay and continue to exist as a nation.
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ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ืื•ืžื”.
07:00
What that will take,
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ืžื” ื–ื” ื™ื“ืจื•ืฉ,
07:01
it's going to be something quite significant,
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™,
07:05
very, very substantial.
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ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ื ืจื—ื‘.
07:07
Either we live on floating islands,
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ืื• ืฉื ื—ื™ื” ืขืœ ืื™ื™ื ืฆืคื™ื,
07:09
or we have to build up the islands to continue to stay out of the water
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ืื• ืฉื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืื™ื™ื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžื™ื
07:13
as the sea level rises and as the storms get more severe.
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ื›ืฉื’ื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืกืขืจื•ืช ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:17
But even that, it's going to be very, very difficult
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืš, ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”
07:20
to get the kind of resourcing that we would need.
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ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื ื–ื“ืงืง.
07:23
CA: And then the only recourse is some form of forced migration.
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ื›ื: ื•ืื– ื”ืžื•ืฆื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื›ืคื•ื™ื”.
07:27
AT: Well, we are also looking at that
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืงืœื™ื ื’ื ืืช ื–ื”
07:29
because in the event that nothing comes forward
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ
07:32
from the international community,
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ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช,
07:34
we are preparing,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื ื ื™ื,
07:35
we don't want to be caught like what's happening in Europe.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ืชืคืก ืœืžืฆื‘ ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
07:38
OK? We don't want to mass migrate at some point in time.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™? ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื’ืจ ื‘ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
07:41
We want to be able to give the people the choice today,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืชืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื•ื,
07:44
those who choose and want to do that, to migrate.
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ืืœื• ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ื•ื™ืจืฆื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ืœื”ื’ืจ.
07:48
We don't want something to happen that they are forced to migrate
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ืงืจื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื•ื”ื ื™ืืœืฆื• ืœื”ื’ืจ
07:53
without having been prepared to do so.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
07:55
Of course, our culture is very different, our society is very different,
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื“, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื“,
07:59
and once we migrate into a different environment,
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื ื”ื’ืจ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช,
08:01
a different culture,
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ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช,
08:02
there's a whole lot of adjustments that are required.
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ื ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืชืืžื•ืช.
08:05
CA: Well, there's forced migration in your country's past,
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ื›ื: ื˜ื•ื‘, ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื›ืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืชืš,
08:09
and I think just this week,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืจืง ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
08:10
just yesterday or the day before yesterday,
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ืจืง ืืชืžื•ืœ ืื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ,
08:14
you visited these people.
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ื‘ื™ืงืจืช ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
08:16
What happened here? What's the story here?
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ืžื” ืงืจื” ืฉื? ืžื” ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ?
08:18
AT: Yes, and I'm sorry, I think somebody was asking
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ืื˜: ื›ืŸ, ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืืœ
08:21
why we were sneaking off to visit that place.
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื’ื ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื.
08:24
I had a very good reason, because we have a community of Kiribati people
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™
08:28
living in that part of the Solomon Islands,
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ืฉื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ื™ ืฉืœืžื”.
08:32
but these were people who were relocated from the Phoenix Islands, in fact,
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ืืš ืืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขืงืจื• ืžืื™ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืงืก, ืœืžืขืฉื”,
08:36
in the 1960s.
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”- 60.
08:37
There was serious drought, and the people could not continue to live on the island,
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืงืฉื”, ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื™,
08:42
and so they were moved to live here in the Solomon Islands.
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ืื– ื”ื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื™ื™ ืฉืœืžื”.
08:45
And so yesterday it was very interesting to meet with these people.
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ื•ื›ืš ืืชืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
08:48
They didn't know who I was. They hadn't heard of me.
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื™ ืื ื™. ื”ื ืœื ืฉืžืขื• ืขืœื™.
08:51
Some of them later recognized me,
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื–ื™ื”ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ.
08:53
but I think they were very happy.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืžื—ื™ื.
08:57
Later they really wanted to have the opportunity to welcome me formally.
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ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื ืžืื•ื“ ืจืฆื• ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืคื ื™ ืจืฉืžื™ืช.
09:01
But I think what I saw yesterday was very interesting
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืชืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
09:05
because here I see our people.
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ื›ื™ ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•.
09:06
I spoke in our language, and of course they spoke back, they replied,
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ืฉืคืชื ื•, ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืขื ื•, ื”ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•,
09:12
but their accent, they are beginning not to be able to speak Kiribati properly.
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ืืš ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™
09:17
I saw them, there was this lady with red teeth.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื—ืช ืขื ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช.
09:19
She was chewing betel nuts,
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ื”ื™ื ืœืขืกื” ืื’ื•ื–ื™ ื‘ื˜ืœ,
09:22
and it's not something we do in Kiribati.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™.
09:24
We don't chew betel nuts.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืœื•ืขืกื™ื ืื’ื•ื–ื™ ื‘ื˜ืœ.
09:27
I met also a family who have married the local people here,
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื’ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืชื ื” ืขื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื›ืืŸ,
09:33
and so this is what is happening.
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”.
09:37
As you go into another community, there are bound to be changes.
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ืื—ืจืช, ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช.
09:40
There is bound to be a certain loss of identity,
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื“ืŸ ื–ื”ื•ืช,
09:45
and this is what we will be looking for in the future
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื ื—ืคืฉ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“
09:48
if and when we do migrate.
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ืื ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื”ื’ืจ.
09:50
CA: It must have been just an extraordinarily emotional day
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ื›ื: ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ืžืจื’ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ
09:54
because of these questions about identity,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื–ื”ื•ืช,
09:57
the joy of seeing you and perhaps an emphasized sense of what they had lost.
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ื”ืื•ืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชืš ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื•.
10:02
And it's very inspiring to hear you say you're going to fight to the end
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืื•ืชืš ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชืš ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ
10:05
to try to preserve the nation in a location.
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ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื•.
10:10
AT: This is our wish.
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ืื˜: ื–ื”ื• ืจืฆื•ื ื ื•.
10:11
Nobody wants ever to leave their home,
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืื™ ืคืขื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื•,
10:14
and so it's been a very difficult decision for me.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™
10:17
As a leader, you don't make plans to leave your island, your home,
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ื›ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ืื™ื ืš ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื™ ืฉืœืš, ืืช ื‘ื™ืชืš,
10:22
and so I've been asked on a number of occasions,
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ื•ื›ืš ื ืฉืืœืชื™ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช,
10:25
"So how do you feel?"
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"ืื– ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ?"
10:26
And it doesn't feel good at all.
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ื•ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืื™ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื›ืœืœ.
10:29
It's an emotional thing, and I've tried to live with it,
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ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืืžื•ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ ื•ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื–ื”,
10:33
and I know that on occasions, I'm accused of not trying to solve the problem
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ืžืืฉื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืฉืœื ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”
10:38
because I can't solve the problem.
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ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
10:40
It's something that's got to be done collectively.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™.
10:43
Climate change is a global phenomenon, and as I've often argued,
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืคืขื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื˜ืขื ืชื™ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช,
10:48
unfortunately, the countries, when we come to the United Nations --
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ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืื•"ื---
10:53
I was in a meeting with the Pacific Island Forum countries
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืคื•ืจื•ื ื”ืื™ื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ืคื™ื™ื
10:58
where Australia and New Zealand are also members,
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ื‘ื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ื ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ื•ื ื™ื• ื–ื™ืœื ื“
11:00
and we had an argument.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—.
11:02
There was a bit of a story in the news
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ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
11:05
because they were arguing that to cut emissions,
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ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื• ืฉืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ื
11:09
it would be something that they're unable to do
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช
11:11
because it would affect the industries.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช.
11:15
And so here I was saying,
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ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™,
11:16
OK, I hear you,
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืชื›ืŸ,
11:18
I understand what you're saying,
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืชืŸ ืื•ืžืจื•ืช,
11:20
but try also to understand what I'm saying
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืกื• ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ
11:22
because if you do not cut your emissions,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืœื ืชืฆืžืฆืžื• ืืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ื ืฉืœื›ืŸ,
11:25
then our survival is on the line.
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ืื– ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืฃ.
11:27
And so it's a matter for you to weigh this, these moral issues.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ื›ืŸ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ.
11:32
It's about industry as opposed to the survival of a people.
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ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
11:36
CA: You know, I ask you yesterday what made you angry,
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ื›ื: ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชืš ืืชืžื•ืœ ืžื” ื”ืจื’ื™ื– ืื•ืชืš,
11:38
and you said, "I don't get angry." But then you paused.
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ื•ืืžืจืช, "ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืชืจื’ื–." ืืš ืื– ืขืฆืจืช.
11:42
I think this made you angry.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ื– ืื•ืชืš.
11:44
AT: I'd refer you to my earlier statement at the United Nations.
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ืื˜: ืื ื™ ืžืคื ื” ืื•ืชืš ืœื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืื•"ื.
11:49
I was very angry, very frustrated and then depressed.
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ื›ืขืกืชื™ ืžืื•ื“, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœ ื•ืื– ืžื“ื•ื›ื.
11:53
There was a sense of futility
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช
11:55
that we are fighting a fight that we have no hope of winning.
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ืฉืื ื• ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ื•.
12:01
I had to change my approach.
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ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื™.
12:03
I had to become more reasonable
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ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
12:05
because I thought people would listen to somebody who was rational,
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ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™,
12:08
but I remain radically rational, whatever that is.
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ืืš ื ื•ืชืจืชื™ ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื”.
12:11
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:13
CA: Now, a core part of your nation's identity is fishing.
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ื›ื: ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ื’.
12:16
I think you said pretty much everyone is involved in fishing in some way.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืžืจืช ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื’ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืฉื”ื™.
12:20
AT: Well, we eat fish every day, every day,
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ืื˜: ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื“ื’ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
12:23
and I think there is no doubt that our rate of consumption of fish
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืงืฆื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืืฆืœื ื•
12:27
is perhaps the highest in the world.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
12:29
We don't have a lot of livestock,
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืง,
12:32
so it's fish that we depend on.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื’ื™ื.
12:35
CA: So you're dependent on fish, both at the local level
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ื›ื: ืื– ืืชื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื’ื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช
12:38
and for the revenues that the country receives
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช
12:41
from the global fishing business for tuna,
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ืžืขืกืงื™ ื“ื™ื’ ื”ื˜ื•ื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื,
12:43
and yet despite that, a few years ago you took a very radical step.
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช, ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื ืงื˜ืช ืฆืขื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™.
12:48
Can you tell us about that?
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ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”?
12:50
I think something happened right here in the Phoenix Islands.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืงืจื” ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื™ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืงืก.
12:53
AT: Let me give some of the background of what fish means for us.
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ืื˜: ืื ื™ ืืชืŸ ืงืฆืช ืจืงืข ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•.
12:58
We have one of the largest tuna fisheries remaining in the world.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ืื—ืช ืžืื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
13:02
In the Pacific, I think we own something like 60 percent
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ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืฉืงื˜, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื ื• ื›- 60 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื
13:05
of the remaining tuna fisheries,
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ืžื“ื™ื’ ื”ื˜ื•ื ื” ื”ื ื•ืชืจ,
13:07
and it remains relatively healthy for some species, but not all.
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ื•ื”ื ื ื•ืชืจื• ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื–ื ื™ื, ืืš ืœื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
13:11
And Kiribati is one of the three major resource owners,
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ื•ืงื™ืจื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช,
13:17
tuna resource owners.
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ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื ื”.
13:19
And at the moment, we have been getting
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ื•ื›ืจื’ืข ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื
13:23
something like 80 to 90 percent of our revenue
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ื›- 80 ืขื“ 90 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
13:26
from access fees, license fees.
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ืžื“ืžื™ ื’ื™ืฉื”, ื“ืžื™ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ.
13:28
CA: Of your national revenue.
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ื›ื: ืžื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
13:30
AT: National revenue,
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ืื˜: ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช,
13:32
which drives everything that we do
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ืฉืžื ื™ืขื” ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื
13:35
in governments, hospitals, schools and what have you.
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ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”.
13:39
But we decided to close this, and it was a very difficult decision.
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ืืš ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”.
13:44
I can assure you, politically, locally, it was not easy,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœืš, ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืœ.
13:50
but I was convinced that we had to do this
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ืืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืข ืฉืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
13:54
in order to ensure that the fishery remains sustainable.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื™ืฉืืจื• ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื.
13:58
There had been some indications that some of the species,
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ื”ื™ื• ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ื–ื ื™ื,
14:01
in particular the bigeye, was under serious threat.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื˜ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ืขื™ืŸ, ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
14:05
The yellowfin was also heavily fished.
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ื’ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื ื” ืฆื”ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืกื ืคื™ืจ ื“ื’ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื‘ื“.
14:08
Skipjack remains healthy.
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ืกืคื™ื™ื’'ืง ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ืจื™ืื”.
14:10
And so we had to do something like that, and so that was the reason I did that.
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ื›ืš ืฉื ืืœืฆื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”, ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืคืขืœืชื™ ื›ืš.
14:15
Another reason why I did that
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ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืคืขืœืชื™ ื›ืš
14:19
was because I had been asking the international community
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช
14:24
that in order to deal with climate change, in order to fight climate change,
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ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื,
14:28
there has got to be sacrifice, there has got to be commitment.
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช.
14:32
So in asking the international community to make a sacrifice,
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ,
14:37
I thought we ourselves need to make that sacrifice.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื’ื ืื ื• ืขืฆืžื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื›ื–ื”.
14:40
And so we made the sacrifice.
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ื•ืื›ืŸ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ.
14:42
And forgoing commercial fishing
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ื•ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื™ื’ ืžืกื—ืจื™
14:47
in the Phoenix Islands protected area
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืงืก
14:50
would mean a loss of revenue.
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกื”.
14:52
We are still trying to assess what that loss would be
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ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
14:54
because we actually closed it off at the beginning of this year,
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ื›ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืกื’ืจื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
14:59
and so we will see by the end of this year
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ื›ืš ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ื•
15:02
what it means in terms of the lost revenue.
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ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื”.
15:05
CA: So there's so many things playing into this.
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ื›ื: ืื– ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“.
15:08
On the one hand, it may prompt healthier fisheries.
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ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
15:15
I mean, how much are you able to move the price up
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ
15:17
that you charge for the remaining areas?
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ืฉืืชื ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชืจื™ื?
15:19
AT: The negotiations have been very difficult,
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ืื˜: ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“,
15:24
but we have managed to raise the cost of a vessel day.
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ืืš ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜.
15:28
For any vessel to come in to fish for a day,
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ืœื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœื“ื•ื’ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ื,
15:31
we have raised the fee from -- it was $6,000 and $8,000,
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ื”ืขืœื™ื ื• ืืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืž--- ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” $6,000 ื•- $8,000,
15:34
now to $10,000, $12,000 per vessel day.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” $10,000, $12,000 ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜ ืœื™ื•ื.
15:39
And so there's been that significant increase.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื”ื–ื”.
15:42
But at the same time, what's important to note is,
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ืืš ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ,
15:47
whereas in the past these fishing boats
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ืฉื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ ื”ืืœื•
15:51
might be fishing in a day and maybe catch 10 tons,
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ื“ื’ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ื ื•ืชืคืกื• ื‘ืขืจืš 10 ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช,
15:55
now they're catching maybe 100 tons because they've become so efficient.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืคืกื•ืช ื‘ืขืจืš 100 ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื• ืžืื•ื“.
15:59
And so we've got to respond likewise.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืชืื.
16:01
We've got to be very, very careful because the technology has so improved.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืฉืชืคืจื”.
16:06
There was a time when the Brazilian fleet moved from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื” ื”ืฆื™ ื”ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœืื™ ืขื‘ืจ ืžื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™ ืœืฉืงื˜.
16:11
They couldn't.
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœื•.
16:12
They started experimenting if they could, per se.
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ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื.
16:15
But now they've got ways of doing it, and they've become so efficient.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื•ื”ื ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื.
16:21
CA: Can you give us a sense of what it's like in those negotiations?
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ื›ื: ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื•?
16:24
Because you're up against companies
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ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
16:25
that have hundreds of millions of dollars at stake, essentially.
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ืฉืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง, ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
16:29
How do you hold the line?
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ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืขืžื“ืชืš?
16:32
Is there any advice you can give
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืขืฆื•ืช ืœืชืช
16:35
to other leaders who are dealing with the same companies
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ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืื•ืชืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
16:38
about how to get the most for your country,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœืš,
16:42
get the most for the fish?
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ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ื’ื™ื?
16:46
What advice would you give?
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ืื™ื–ื• ืขืฆื” ืชืชืŸ?
16:48
AT: Well, I think we focus too often on licensing
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™
16:54
in order to get the rate of return,
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืฉื•ืื”,
16:55
because what we are getting from license fees
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ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื“ืžื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื™
16:58
is about 10 percent of the landed value of the catch
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืจืš 10 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืขืจืš ื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉื”
17:01
on the side of the wharf, not in the retail shops.
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ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืžื–ื—, ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช.
17:04
And we only get about 10 percent.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืจืง ื›- 10 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
17:08
What we have been trying to do over the years
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ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื
17:11
is actually to increase our participation in the industry,
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ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”,
17:15
in the harvesting, in the processing,
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ื‘ืงืฆื™ืจ, ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“,
17:17
and eventually, hopefully, the marketing.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื, ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง.
17:19
They're not easy to penetrate,
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ืœื ืงืœ ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื,
17:23
but we are working towards that,
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ืืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ื–ื”,
17:25
and yes, the answer would be to enhance.
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ื•ื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืชื”ื™ื™ื” ืœื—ื–ืง.
17:28
In order to increase our rate of return, we have to become more involved.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืฉื•ืื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื.
17:32
And so we've started doing that,
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”,
17:35
and we have to restructure the industry.
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ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”.
17:40
We've got to tell these people that the world has changed.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื”.
17:43
Now we want to produce the fish ourselves.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•.
17:45
CA: And meanwhile, for your local fishermen,
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ื›ื: ื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ืœื“ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
17:48
they are still able to fish,
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ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ื’,
17:51
but what is business like for them?
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ืืš ืื™ืš ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื?
17:53
Is it getting harder? Are the waters depleted?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ื ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ? ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื“ืœื“ืœ?
17:55
Or is that being run on a sustainable basis?
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ืื• ืฉื–ื” ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื?
17:59
AT: For the artisanal fishery,
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ืื˜: ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช,
18:00
we do not participate in the commercial fishing activity
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ืื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช
18:04
except only to supply the domestic market.
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ืœืžืขื˜ ืืกืคืงื” ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.
18:07
The tuna fishery is really entirely for the foreign market,
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ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื”ื˜ื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื• ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื–ืจื™ื,
18:10
mostly here in the US, Europe, Japan.
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ืจื•ื‘ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื™ืคืŸ.
18:16
So I am a fisherman, very much,
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ื’ื ืื ื™ ื“ื™ื’, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”,
18:21
and I used to be able to catch yellowfin.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืชืคื•ืก ื˜ื•ื ื” ืฆื”ื•ื‘ืช ืกื ืคื™ืจ.
18:24
Now it's very, very rare to be able to catch yellowfin
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ื ื“ื™ืจ ืœืชืคื•ืก ื˜ื•ื ื” ืฆื”ื•ื‘ืช ืกื ืคื™ืจ
18:27
because they are being lifted out of the water by the hundreds of tons
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ื›ื™ ืžืจื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื”ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช
18:30
by these purse seiners.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ ื”ืืœื•
18:34
CA: So here's a couple of beautiful girls from your country.
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ื›ื: ืื– ื”ื ื” ืฉืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืคื•ืช ืžืžื“ื™ื ืชืš.
18:39
I mean, as you think about their future,
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
18:42
what message would you have for them
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ืื™ื–ื” ืžืกืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ
18:45
and what message would you have for the world?
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ื•ืื™ื–ื” ืžืกืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืœืขื•ืœื?
18:48
AT: Well, I've been telling the world that we really have to do something
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ืื˜: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•
18:51
about what is happening to the climate
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืœืืงืœื™ื
18:53
because for us, it's about the future of these children.
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ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•, ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
18:56
I have 12 grandchildren, at least.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืœืคื—ื•ืช 12 ื ื›ื“ื™ื.
18:58
I think I have 12, my wife knows.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ 12, ืืฉืชื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช.
19:00
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
19:02
And I think I have eight children.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
19:05
It's about their future.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ื.
19:06
Every day I see my grandchildren, about the same age as these young girls,
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ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื ื›ื“ื™, ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ื’ื™ืœืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
19:10
and I do wonder,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื”,
19:13
and I get angry sometimes, yes I do.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืชืจื’ื– ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ืื›ืŸ.
19:15
I wonder what is to become of them.
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ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ืžื” ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืจืœื.
19:17
And so it's about them
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื”ื
19:20
that we should be telling everybody,
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ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื•ืœื,
19:22
that it's not about their own national interest,
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ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
19:25
because climate change, regrettably, unfortunately,
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ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื, ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ
19:28
is viewed by many countries as a national problem. It's not.
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ื ืชืคืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืœื.
19:33
And this is the argument we got into recently with our partners,
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
19:36
the Australians and New Zealanders,
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ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื ื•ื”ื ื™ื• ื–ื™ืœื ื“ื™ื,
19:37
because they said, "We can't cut any more."
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืืžืจื•,
19:41
This is what one of the leaders, the Australian leader, said,
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื, ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™, ืืžืจ,
19:44
that we've done our part, we are cutting back.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื—ืœืงื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื.
19:49
I said, What about the rest? Why don't you keep it?
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ืืžืจืชื™, ืžื” ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ? ืœืžื” ืื™ื ื›ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื”?
19:52
If you could keep the rest of your emissions
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ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ื
19:55
within your boundaries, within your borders,
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœื›ื, ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื
19:57
we'd have no question.
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ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื”
19:59
You can go ahead as much as you like.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชืจืฆื•.
20:01
But unfortunately, you're sending it our way,
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ืืš ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืืชื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืœืขื‘ืจื ื•,
20:03
and it's affecting the future of our children.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•.
20:05
And so surely I think that is the heart of the problem of climate change today.
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื.
20:10
We will be meeting in Paris at the end of this year,
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ืื ื• ื ืคื’ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื™ื– ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ื•,
20:13
but until we can think of this as a global phenomenon,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
20:17
because we create it, individually, as nations,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืชื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ ื›ืื•ืžื•ืช,
20:21
but it affects everybody else,
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ืืš ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ,
20:23
and yet, we refuse to do anything about it,
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืกืจื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื–ื”,
20:26
and we deal with it as a national problem,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช,
20:29
which it is not -- it is a global issue,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ื–ื• - ื–ื• ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
20:31
and it's got to be dealt with collectively.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ื•ืช.
20:35
CA: People are incredibly bad at responding to graphs and numbers,
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ื›ื: ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœื’ืจืคื™ื ื•ืœืžืกืคืจื™ื,
20:39
and we shut our minds to it.
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ื•ืื ื• ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืžื•ืœ ื–ื”.
20:43
Somehow, to people, we're slightly better at responding to that sometimes.
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ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื•, ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื˜ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื.
20:49
And it seems like it's very possible that your nation,
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ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ืื•ืžื” ืฉืœืš,
20:52
despite, actually because of the intense problems you face,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช, ืื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ ืืชื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื,
20:57
you may yet be the warning light to the world that shines most visibly,
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ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื ื•ืจืช ืื–ื”ืจื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ืฉื–ื•ื”ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืื•ื“,
21:01
most powerfully.
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ื—ื–ืง ืžืื•ื“.
21:03
I just want to thank you, I'm sure, on behalf of all of us,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืš, ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื‘ืฉื ื›ื•ืœื ื•,
21:06
for your extraordinary leadership and for being here.
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ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืชืš ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืืช ื”ื ื”.
21:09
Mr. President, thank you so much.
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ืื“ื•ื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
21:10
AT: Thank you.
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ืื˜: ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš.
21:11
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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