Kim Gorgens: Protecting the brain against concussion

37,518 views ・ 2010-11-22

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:16
So, a funny thing happened
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on my way to becoming a brilliant, world-class neuropsychologist:
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I had a baby.
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And that's not to say
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I ever went on to become a brilliant, world-class neuropsychologist.
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Sorry, TED.
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But I did go on to be a reasonably astute,
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arguably world-class worrier.
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One of my girlfriends in graduate school, Marie,
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said, "Kim, I figured it out.
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It's not that you're more neurotic than everyone else;
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it's just that you're more honest about how neurotic you are."
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So in the spirit of full disclosure,
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I brought some pictures to share.
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Awwww.
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(Laughter)
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I'll just say: July.
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(Laughter)
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Zip!
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(Laughter)
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For safety.
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(Laughter)
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Water wings --
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an inch of water.
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And then, finally, all suited up
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for the 90-minute drive to Copper Mountain.
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So you can get kind of a feel for this.
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So my baby, Vander, is eight years old now.
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And, despite being cursed with my athletic inability,
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he plays soccer.
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He's interested in playing football.
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He wants to learn how to ride a unicycle.
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So why would I worry?
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Because this is what I do. This is what I teach.
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It's what I study. It's what I treat.
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And I know that kids get concussed every year.
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In fact, more than four million people sustain a concussion every year,
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and these data are just among kids under 14
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who were seen in emergency rooms.
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And so when kids sustain a concussion,
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we talk about them getting dinged or getting their bell rung,
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but what is it that we're really talking about?
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Let's take a look.
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[Concussive Force]
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"Starsky and Hutch"? Arguably, yes.
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So, a car accident.
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Forty miles an hour into a fixed barrier:
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35 Gs.
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A heavyweight boxer punches you straight in the face:
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58 Gs.
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(Music)
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In case you missed it, we'll look again.
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So look to the right-hand side of the screen.
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(Music)
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What would you say?
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How many Gs?
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Close.
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Seventy-two?
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Would it be crazy to know:
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103 Gs?
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The average concussive impact
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is 95 Gs.
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Now, when the kid on the right doesn't get up,
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we know they've had a concussion.
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But how about the kid on the left,
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or the athlete that leaves the field of play?
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How do we know if he or she has sustained a concussion?
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How do we know
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that legislation that would require they be pulled from play,
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cleared for return to play,
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applies to them?
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The definition of concussion
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doesn't actually require a loss of consciousness.
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It requires only a change in consciousness,
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and that can be any one or a number of symptoms,
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including feeling foggy, feeling dizzy,
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hearing a ringing in your ear,
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being more impulsive or hostile than usual.
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So given all of that and given how darn neurotic I am,
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how do I get any sleep at all?
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Because I know our brains are resilient.
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They're designed to recover from an injury.
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If -- God forbid --
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any of us left here tonight and sustained a concussion,
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most of us would go on to fully recover inside of a couple hours
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to a couple of weeks.
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But kids are more vulnerable to brain injury.
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In fact, high-school athletes are three times more likely
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to sustain catastrophic injuries
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relative even to their college-age peers,
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and it takes them longer to return to a symptom-free baseline.
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After that first injury,
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their risk for second injury is exponentially greater.
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From there, their risk for a third injury, greater still, and so on.
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And here's the really alarming part:
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We don't fully understand the long-term impact of multiple injuries.
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You guys may be familiar with this research
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that's coming out of the NFL.
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In a nutshell, this research suggests that,
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among retired NFL players with three or more career concussions,
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the incidence of early-onset dementing disease
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is much greater than it is for the general population.
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So you've all seen that -- New York Times, you've seen it.
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What you may not be familiar with
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is that this research was spearheaded by NFL wives who said,
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"Isn't it weird that my 46-year-old husband
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is forever losing his keys?"
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"Isn't it weird that my 47-year-old husband
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is forever losing the car?"
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"Isn't it weird that my 48-year-old husband
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is forever losing his way home
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in the car, from the driveway?"
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I may have forgotten to mention that my son is an only child.
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So it's going to be really important
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that he be able to drive me around someday.
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(Laughter)
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So, how do we guarantee the safety of our kids?
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How can we 100 percent guarantee the safety of our kids?
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Let me tell you what I've come up with.
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(Laughter)
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If only.
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My little boy's right there, and he's like, "She's not kidding.
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She's totally not kidding."
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So in all seriousness:
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Should my kid play football?
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Should your kid play football?
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I don't know.
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But I do know there are three things you can do.
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The first: study up.
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You have to be familiar with the issues we're talking about today.
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There are some great resources out there.
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The CDC has a program, HEADS UP.
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It's at CDC.gov.
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HEADS UP is specific to concussion in kids.
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The second is a resource I'm personally really proud of.
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We've just rolled this out in the last couple months --
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CO Kids With Brain Injury.
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This is a great resource for student athletes,
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teachers, parents, professionals, athletic and coaching staff.
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It's a great place to start if you have questions.
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The second thing is: speak up.
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Just two weeks ago,
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a bill introduced by Senator Kefalas
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that would have required athletes, kids under 18,
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to wear a helmet when they're riding their bike,
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died in committee.
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It died, in large part,
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because it lacked constituent buy-in;
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it lacked stakeholder traction.
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Now, I'm not here to tell you
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what kind of legislation you should or shouldn't support,
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but I am going to tell you that, if it matters to you,
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your legislators need to know that.
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Speak up also with coaching staff.
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Ask about what kind of protective equipment is available.
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What's the budget for protective equipment?
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How old it is?
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Maybe offer to spearhead a fundraiser to buy new gear.
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Which brings us to: suit up.
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Wear a helmet.
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The only way to prevent a bad outcome
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is to prevent that first injury from happening.
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Recently, one of my graduate students, Tom, said,
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"Kim, I've decided to wear a bike helmet on the way to class."
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And Tom knows that that little bit of foam in a bike helmet
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can reduce the g-force of impact by half.
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Now, I thought it was because I have this totally compelling helmet crusade,
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this epiphany of Tom's.
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As it turns out, it occurred to Tom that a $20 helmet
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is a good way to protect a $100,000 graduate education.
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(Laughter)
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So ...
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Should Vander play football?
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I can't say no,
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but I can guarantee that every time he leaves the house,
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that kid's wearing a helmet --
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like, to the car,
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or at school.
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So whether athlete, scholar,
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overprotected kid, neurotic mom,
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or otherwise,
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here's my baby, Vander,
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reminding you
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to mind your matter.
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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