The breathtaking courage of Harriet Tubman - Janell Hobson

Translator: Jonathan Rebetz Reviewer: Polona Ramšak

Escaping slavery;

Pobegnila je iz suženjstva,

risking everything to save her family;

tvegala vse, da bi rešila svojo družino,

leading a military raid;

vodila vojaški pohod,

championing the cause of women’s suffrage;

podprla volilno pravico žensk.

these are just a handful of the accomplishments

To je le peščica dosežkov

of one of America’s most courageous heroes.

ene izmed ameriških najpogumnejših junakinj.

Harriet Tubman was born Araminta Ross in Dorchester County, Maryland,

Harriet Tubman se je rodila kot Araminta Ross v okraju Dorchester v Marylandu

in the early 1820s.

v zgodnjih 20. letih 19. stoletja.

Born into chattel slavery, Araminta, or Minty, was the fifth of nine children.

Rojena v suženjstvo je bila Araminta ali Minty peta od devetih otrok.

Two of Minty’s older sisters were sold to a chain gang.

Dve od Mintyjinih starejših sester sta bili prodani v suženjstvo.

Even as a small child,

Še kot majhnega otroka

Minty was hired out to different owners,

so Minty najemali različni lastniki,

who subjected her to whippings and punishment.

ki so jo podvrgli bičanju in kaznovanju.

Young Minty’s life changed forever on an errand to a neighborhood store.

Življenje mlade Minty se je za vedno spremenilo med opravkom v špeceriji.

There, an overseer threw a two-pound weight at a fugitive enslaved person,

Tam je nadzornik vrgel kilogramsko utež v sužnja na begu,

missed, and struck Minty instead.

zgrešil in namesto njega zadel Minty.

Her injury caused her to experience sleeping spells,

Poškodba je pri njej sprožila napade spanja,

which we know of today as narcolepsy,

kar danes poznamo pod imenom narkolepsija,

for the rest of her life.

ki so trajali vse življenje.

Minty’s owner tried to sell her,

Mintyjin lastnik jo je poskusil prodati,

but there were no buyers for an enslaved person who fell into sleeping spells.

a nihče ni želel kupiti sužnje z narkolepsijo.

She was instead put to work with her father, Ben Ross,

Namesto tega je začela delati s svojim očetom Benom Rossom,

who taught her how to lumber.

ki jo je naučil sekati drevje.

Lumbering increased Minty’s physical strength

Sekanje drevja je povečalo Mintyjino fizično moč

and put her in touch with free black sailors who shipped the wood to the North.

in prišla je v stik s svobodnimi črnimi mornarji, ki so prevažali les na sever.

From them, Minty learned about the secret communications

Od njih se je Minty naučila skrivne komunikacije,

that occurred along trade routes,

ki se je uporabljala na trgovskih poteh,

information that would prove invaluable later in her life.

znanja, ki se je kasneje v njenem življenju pokazalo za neprecenljivo.

In this mixed atmosphere of free and enslaved blacks working side by side,

V mešanem okolju svobodnih in zasužnjenih črncev, ki so delali skupaj,

Minty met John Tubman, a free black man she married in 1844.

je Minty srečala Johna Tubmana, svobodnega črnca,

s katerim se je poročila leta 1844.

After marriage, she renamed herself Harriet, after her mother.

Po poroki se je preimenovala v Harriet po svoji mami.

Harriet Tubman’s owner died in 1849.

Lastnik Harriet Tubman je umrl leta 1849.

When his widow planned to sell off her enslaved human beings,

Ko je njegova žena načrtovala prodajo svojih sužnjev,

Harriet feared she would be sold away from everyone she loved.

se je Harriet zbala, da jo bodo prodali proč od vseh, ki jih ljubi.

She had heard of an “underground railroad,"

Slišala je za 'podzemno železnico',

a secret network of safe houses,

skrivno mrežo varnih hiš,

boat captains,

kapitanov ladij

and wagon drivers

in voznikov kočij,

willing to harbor fugitive enslaved people on their way north.

ki so bili pripravljeni skrivati pobegle sužnje na poti na sever.

So Tubman fled with two of her brothers, Ben and Harry.

Tako je Tubmanova pobegnila z bratoma, Benom in Harryjem.

They eventually turned back, fearing they were lost.

Nazadnje so se obrnili, ker so se bali, da so se izgubili.

But in one of her sleeping spells,

A v eni svoji spalnih epizod

Harriet dreamed that she could fly like a bird.

je Harriet sanjala, da lahko leti kot ptica.

Looking down below, she saw the path to liberation.

Ko je gledala navzdol, je videla pot v svobodo.

And in the autumn of 1849, she set out on her own,

Jeseni leta 1849 se je na pot podala sama

following the North Star to Pennsylvania, and to freedom.

in sledila zvezdi severnici v Pennsylvanijo in svobodo.

Tubman returned to the South 13 times to free her niece,

Tubmanova se je na jug vrnila trinajstkrat,

da je osvobodila svojo nečakinjo, brate,

brothers,

parents,

starše in mnoge druge.

and many others.

She earned the nickname Black Moses

Dobila je vzdevek Črni Mojzes

and worked diligently with fellow abolitionists

in marljivo delala z drugimi abolicionisti,

to help enslaved people escape,

da je pomagala sužnjem pobegniti,

first to the North, and later to Canada.

najprej na sever in kasneje v Kanado.

Harriet Tubman worked as a Union army nurse,

Harriet Tubman je delala kot vojaška medicinska sestra,

scout,

izvidnica in vohunka med državljansko vojno.

and spy during the Civil War.

In 1863, she became the first woman in United States history

Leta 1863 je postala prva ženska v zgodovini ZDA,

to plan and lead a military raid,

ki je načrtovala in vodila vojaški pohod,

liberating nearly 700 enslaved persons in South Carolina.

s katerim je osvobodila skoraj 700 sužnjev v Južni Karolini.

After the war, the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

Po vojni je 13. amandma k ameriški ustavi

legally abolished slavery,

uradno odpravil suženjstvo,

while the 14th expanded citizenship

medtem ko je 14. amandma razširil pojem državljanstva,

and the 15th gave voting rights to formerly enslaved black men.

15. pa je dal volilno pravico prej zasužnjenim črnskim moškim.

But she was undaunted, and she persisted.

A bila je odločna in vztrajna.

She raised funds for formerly enslaved persons

Zbirala je denar za bivše sužnje

and helped build schools and a hospital on their behalf.

in v njihovem imenu pomagala graditi šole in bolnišnico.

In 1888, Tubman became more active in the fight for women’s right to vote.

Leta 1888 je Tubmanova postala bolj aktivna v boju za žensko volilno pravico.

In 1896, she appeared at the founding convention

Leta 1896 se je pojavila na ustanovni konvenciji

of the National Association of Colored Women in Washington D.C.

Nacionalne zveze temnopoltih žensk v Washingtonu, D. C., kasneje

and later at a woman’s suffrage meeting in Rochester, New York.

pa na ženskem srečanju za volilno pravico v Rochestru v New Yorku.

There she told the audience:

Tam je publiki povedala:

“I was a conductor on the Underground Railroad,

"Bila sem sprevodnica na podzemni železnici

and I can say what many others cannot.

in lahko povem, česar mnogi ne morejo.

I never ran my train off the track, and I never lost a passenger.”

Nikoli nisem iztirila svojega vlaka in nikoli nisem izgubila potnika."

As her fame grew,

Ko je postajala bolj slavna,

various friends and allies helped her in the fight

so ji mnogi prijatelji in zavezniki pomagali v njenem boju

to collect a veteran’s pension for her service in the Union Army.

za veteransko pokojnino za svoje služenje v severnjaški vojski.

In 1899, she was finally granted $20 a month.

Leta 1899 so ji končno dodelili 20 dolarjev na mesec.

In a fitting twist of fate,

Naključje je dalo,

the United States Treasury announced in 2016

da je ameriško Ministrstvo za finance leta 2016 naznanilo,

that Tubman’s image will appear on a redesigned twenty dollar bill.

da bo slika Tubmanove krasila novi bankovec za 20 dolarjev.

Harriet Tubman died on March 10, 1913.

Harriet Tubman je umrla 10. marca 1913.

Even on her deathbed at age 91,

Celo na svoji smrtni postelji je pri 91. letih

she kept the freedom of her people in mind.

mislila na svobodo svojih ljudi.

Her final words were:

Njene zadnje besede so bile:

"I go away to prepare a place for you.”

"Odhajam, da pripravim prostor za vas."