How much of what you see is a hallucination? - Elizabeth Cox

4,673,186 views ใƒป 2018-06-26

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: GGTC JELLY ๊ฒ€ํ† : Won Jang
00:06
An elderly woman named Rosalie was sitting in her nursing home
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๋กœ์ž˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธ‹ํ•œ ํ•œ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์–‘๋กœ์›์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
00:10
when her room suddenly burst to life with twirling fabrics.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ํœ˜๋‚ ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒœ๋“ค๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
Through the elaborate drapings,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์ฒœ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
00:16
she could make out animals,
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๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค
00:17
children,
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์•„์ด๋“ค
00:18
and costumed characters.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Rosalie was alarmed, not by the intrusion,
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๋กœ์ž˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ž€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฒœ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
00:22
but because she knew this entourage was an extremely detailed hallucination.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ ํ™˜์˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
Her cognitive function was excellent,
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:30
and she had not taken any medications that might cause hallucinations.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์•ฝ์„ ๋ณต์šฉ ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
Strangest of all, had a real-life crowd of circus performers burst into her room,
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์„œ์ปค์Šค ๊ณต์—ฐ๋‹จ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚œ์ž…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:39
she wouldnโ€™t have been able to see them:
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
00:41
she was completely blind.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งน์ธ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Rosalie had developed a condition known as Charles Bonnet Syndrome,
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๋กœ์ž˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋ณด๋„ท ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์„ ์•“๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
in which patients with either impaired vision or total blindness
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์ด๋Š” ์‹œ๋ ฅ์ด ์†์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด
00:52
suddenly hallucinate whole scenes in vivid color.
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์„ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ƒ‰์˜ ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
These hallucinations appear suddenly,
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์ด ํ™˜๊ฐ์€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ 
00:57
and can last for mere minutes or recur for years.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ๋งŒ์— ์—†์–ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
We still donโ€™t fully understand what causes them to come and go,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
01:05
or why certain patients develop them when others donโ€™t.
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๋˜๋Š” ์™œ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์„ ์•“๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
We do know from fMRI studies that these hallucinations
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fMRI ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
ํ™˜๊ฐ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•  ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‡Œ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
activate the same brain areas as sight,
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01:15
areas that are not activated by imagination.
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ์ƒ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž๊ทน๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ง€์š”.
01:20
Many other hallucinations, including smells,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™˜๊ฐ๋“ค
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ํ›„๊ฐ
01:22
sights,
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์‹œ๊ฐ
01:23
and sounds,
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๋˜๋Š” ์ฒญ๊ฐ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฐ๋„
01:24
also involve the same brain areas as real sensory experiences.
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์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‡Œ ์˜์—ญ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
Because of this, the cerebral cortex is thought to play a part in hallucinations.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€๋‡Œํ”ผ์งˆ์ด ํ™˜๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
This thin layer of grey matter covers the entire cerebrum,
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์ด ์–‡์€ ํšŒ์ƒ‰์งˆ์€ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:39
with different areas processing information from each of our senses.
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๋Œ€๋‡Œ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜์—ญ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜จ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„
01:44
But even in people with completely unimpaired senses,
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01:47
the brain constructs the world we perceive from incomplete information.
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
For example, our eyes have blind spots
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ์—๋Š” ๋งน์ ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
where the optic nerve blocks part of the retina.
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์‹œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ง๋ง‰ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์ด์ง€์š”.
01:57
When the visual cortex processes light into coherent images,
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๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ๋น›์„ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
02:00
it fills in these blind spots with information from the surrounding area.
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์‹œ๊ฐ๋ น์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฐ์ง€๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Occasionally, we might notice a glitch, but most of the time weโ€™re none the wiser.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
When the visual cortex is deprived of input from the eyes, even temporarily,
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์‹œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์ž๊ทน์ด ์ž ๊น์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋Š์–ด์ง€๋ฉด
02:15
the brain still tries to create a coherent picture,
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
but the limits of its abilities become a lot more obvious.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€์š”.
02:22
The full-blown hallucinations of Charles Bonnet Syndrome are one example.
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์ฐฐ์Šค ๋ณด๋„ท ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฐ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
Because Charles Bonnet Syndrome only occurs in people
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋ณด๋„ท ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์€
ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ
02:30
who had normal vision and then lost their sight,
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02:33
not those who were born blind,
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์„ ์ฒœ์  ๋งน์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
02:35
scientists think the brain uses remembered images
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์–ต ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
02:38
to compensate for the lack of new visual input.
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์‹œ๊ฐ ์ž๊ทน์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
And the same is true for other senses.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
People with hearing loss often hallucinate music or voices,
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์ฒญ๊ฐ์„ ์žƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข…์ข… ์Œ์•…์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:47
sometimes as elaborate as the cacophony of an entire marching band.
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ํฐ ์•…๋‹จ์ด ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •๊ตํ•œ ํ™˜์ฒญ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
In addition to sensory deprivation,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ƒ์‹ค ์™ธ์—๋„
02:55
recreational and therapeutic drugs,
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ „ํ™˜์šฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜
02:57
conditions like epilepsy and narcolepsy,
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๊ฐ„์งˆ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์ฆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋“ค
03:00
and psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia,
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๋˜๋Š” ์กฐํ˜„๋ณ‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์‹  ์žฅ์• ๋“ค๋„
03:03
are a few of the many known causes of hallucinations,
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ํ™˜๊ฐ์˜ ์›์ธ๋“ค๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:06
and weโ€™re still finding new ones.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์›์ธ๋“ค๋„ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Some of the most notorious hallucinations
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฐ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
03:11
are associated with drugs like LSD and psilocybin.
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LSD์™€ ์‹ค๋กœ์‹œ๋นˆ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ฐœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
Their hallmark effects include the sensation that dry objects are wet
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ฆ์ƒ์€ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ์ถ•์ถ•ํ•ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:20
and that surfaces are breathing.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์ˆจ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
At higher doses, the visual world can appear to melt,
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๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋…น์•„๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:26
dissolve into swirls,
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์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด์น˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
03:28
or burst into fractal-like patterns.
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ํญ๋ฐœํ•ด์„œ ํ”„๋ž™ํ„ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŒจํ„ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Evidence suggests these drugs also act on the cerebral cortex.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋“ค ์—ญ์‹œ ๋Œ€๋‡Œํ”ผ์งˆ์˜ ํ™œ๋™์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
03:35
But while visual impairment typically only causes visual hallucinations,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์‹œ์—๋งŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
03:39
and hearing loss auditory ones,
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์ฒญ๋ ฅ ์ƒ์‹ค์ด ํ™˜์ฒญ์—๋งŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
03:41
substances like LSD cause perceptual disturbances across all the senses.
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LSD์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
Thatโ€™s likely because they activate receptors in a broad range of brain areas,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์ด ๋‡Œ์˜ ๋„“์€ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
03:53
including the cortical regions for all the senses.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ”ผ์งˆ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
LSD and psilocybin both function like serotonin in the brain,
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LSD์™€ ์‹ค๋กœ์‹œ๋นˆ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:00
binding directly to one type of serotonin receptor in particular.
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ฒด์— ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒฐ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
While serotoninโ€™s role in the brain is complex and poorly understood,
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๋‡Œ์—์„œ์˜ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ
04:08
it likely plays an important part in integrating information
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์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
from the eyes,
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์‹œ๊ฐ
04:13
nose,
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ํ›„๊ฐ
04:14
ears,
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04:14
and other sensory organs.
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์ฒญ๊ฐ
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
04:16
So one theory is that LSD and psilocybin cause hallucinations
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ LSD์™€ ์‹ค๋กœ์‹œ๋นˆ์ด ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:21
by disrupting the signaling involved in sensory integration.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋“ค ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ „๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
Hallucinations associated with schizophrenia
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์กฐํ˜„๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ™˜๊ฐ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •๋„
04:27
may share a similar mechanism with those caused by LSD and psilocybin.
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LSD์™€ ์‹ค๋กœ์‹œ๋นˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฐ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
Patients with schizophrenia
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์กฐํ˜„๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์€
04:35
often have elevated levels of serotonin in the brain.
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์ข…์ข… ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
And antipsychotic drugs relieve symptoms of schizophrenia
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์กฐํ˜„๋ณ‘ ์ฆ์ƒ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์˜ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€
04:42
by blocking the same serotonin receptors LSD and psilocybin bind to.
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์‹ค๋กœ์‹œ๋นˆ๊ณผ LSD๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ์„ ๋ง‰์•„์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
And, in some cases,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
04:49
these drugs can even relieve the hallucinations
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด
์ฐฐ์Šค ๋ณด๋„ท ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ์™„ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
of patients with Charles Bonnet Syndrome.
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04:54
Weโ€™re still a long way from understanding all the different causes
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ™˜๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์›์ธ๊ณผ
04:57
and interconnected mechanisms of hallucinations.
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ํ™˜๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๋œ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
But itโ€™s clear that hallucinatory experiences
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ™˜๊ฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€
05:03
are much more closely tied to ordinary perception than we once thought.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
And by studying hallucinations,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
05:09
we stand to learn a great deal
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ
05:11
about how our brains construct the world we see,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋“ฃ๊ณ , ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๊ณ , ๋Š๋‚€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
05:14
hear,
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05:15
smell,
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05:15
and touch.
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก
05:17
As we learn more,
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05:18
weโ€™ll likely come to appreciate just how subjective and individual
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์ด
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
each personโ€™s island universe of perception really is.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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