The Atlantic slave trade: What too few textbooks told you - Anthony Hazard

11,629,641 views

2014-12-22 ・ TED-Ed


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The Atlantic slave trade: What too few textbooks told you - Anthony Hazard

11,629,641 views ・ 2014-12-22

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: suhyeon sim κ²€ν† : JY Kang
00:06
Slavery, the treatment of human beings as property, deprived of personal rights,
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μ‚¬μœ μž¬μ‚°μœΌλ‘œ μ·¨κΈ‰λ˜κ³ , 개인의 ꢌ리쑰차 λ°•νƒˆλ˜λŠ” λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ”
00:11
has occurred in many forms throughout the world.
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
But one institution stands out for both its global scale and its lasting legacy.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν•œ 단체가 세계적인 규λͺ¨μ™€ 였랜 μž”μž¬λ₯Ό 남긴 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λΆ€κ°λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
The Atlantic slave trade,
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[λŒ€μ„œμ–‘ λ…Έμ˜ˆ 무역]
00:22
occurring from the late 15th to the mid 19th century
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15μ„ΈκΈ° ν›„λ°˜μ—μ„œ 19μ„ΈκΈ° μ€‘λ°˜κΉŒμ§€
00:25
and spanning three continents,
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3개 λŒ€λ₯™μ„ 돌며 λ…Έμ˜ˆλ¬΄μ—­μ΄ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œκ³ ,
00:27
forcibly brought more than 10 million Africans to the Americas.
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천 만λͺ… μ΄μƒμ˜ 아프리카인듀이 κ°•μ œλ‘œ λ―ΈλŒ€λ₯™μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄λ‚΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
The impact it would leave affected not only these slaves
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이 일은 λ…Έμ˜ˆ μžμ‹ μ΄λ‚˜
00:35
and their descendants,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν›„μ†λ“€λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:36
but the economies and histories of large parts of the world.
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전세계적인 κ²½μ œμ™€ μ—­μ‚¬μ—κΉŒμ§€ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
There had been centuries of contact between Europe and Africa
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유럽과 아프리카 μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 수 μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ 지쀑해λ₯Ό 톡해
00:43
via the Mediterranean.
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무역이 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
But the Atlantic slave trade began in the late 1400s
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λŒ€μ„œμ–‘ λ…Έμ˜ˆ 무역은 15μ„ΈκΈ° ν›„λ°˜
00:49
with Portuguese colonies in West Africa,
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포트투갈의 μ„œμ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄ 식민지배와
00:51
and Spanish settlement of the Americas shortly after.
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슀페인의 λ―ΈλŒ€λ₯™ μ •μ°© 직후에 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
The crops grown in the new colonies, sugar cane, tobacco, and cotton,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‹λ―Όμ§€μ—μ„œμ˜ λ†μž‘λ¬Ό, μ‚¬νƒ•μˆ˜μˆ˜, λ‹΄λ°°, λͺ©ν™” μž¬λ°°μ—λŠ”
00:59
were labor intensive,
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λ§Žμ€ 노동λ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
and there were not enough settlers or indentured servants
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 지역을 κ²½μž‘ν•  μ •μ°©λ―Όμ΄λ‚˜ 고용된 ν•˜μΈλ“€μ΄
01:04
to cultivate all the new land.
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μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ£ .
01:06
American Natives were enslaved, but many died from new diseases,
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아메리카 원주민듀이 λ…Έμ˜ˆκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ§ˆλ³‘μœΌλ‘œ 인해 λ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ μ£½μ–΄ κ°”κ³ 
01:10
while others effectively resisted.
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남은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 사싀상 λ…Έμ˜ˆμ΄κΈ°λ₯Ό κ±°λΆ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
And so to meet the massive demand for labor,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ…Έλ™λŸ‰μ„ μΆ©μ‘±ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
01:15
the Europeans looked to Africa.
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유럽 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λ‘œ λˆˆμ„ λŒλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
African slavery had existed for centuries in various forms.
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아프리카 λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ” 수 μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
Some slaves were indentured servants,
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μ–΄λ–€ λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€μ€ μΌμ •ν•œ κΈ°κ°„λ™μ•ˆ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 자유λ₯Ό μ‚΄ 수 μžˆλŠ”
01:24
with a limited term and the chance to buy one's freedom.
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고용된 ν•˜μΈμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:27
Others were more like European serfs.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€μ€ 유럽의 μ˜μ£Όμ— μ†ν•œ 농민에 κ°€κΉŒμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
In some societies, slaves could be part of a master's family,
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œλŠ”, λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ” 주인의 κ°€μ‘± κ΅¬μ„±μ›μœΌλ‘œμ„œ
01:33
own land, and even rise to positions of power.
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토지λ₯Ό μ†Œμœ ν•˜κ³ , 관직에도 였λ₯Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
But when white captains came offering manufactured goods,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 백인 μ„ μž₯듀이 λ…Έμ˜ˆλ₯Ό μ‚¬λŠ” λŒ“κ°€λ‘œ
01:39
weapons, and rum for slaves,
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κ³΅μ‚°ν’ˆ, 무기, 그리고 럼주λ₯Ό μ œμ‹œν•  λ•Œ
01:42
African kings and merchants had little reason to hesitate.
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아프리카 μ™•κ³Ό μƒμΈλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” 망섀일 μ΄μœ κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:46
They viewed the people they sold not as fellow Africans
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그듀이 λ³΄κΈ°μ—λŠ” κ·Έ λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€μ€ 아프리카 동쑱이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:50
but criminals, debtors, or prisoners of war from rival tribes.
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λ²”μ£„μž, μ±„λ¬΄μž λ˜λŠ” 경쟁 λΆ€μ‘±κ³Όμ˜ μ „μŸ ν¬λ‘œμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
By selling them, kings enriched their own realms,
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그듀을 νŒ”μ•„ 왕듀은 μ§€λ°°μ˜μ—­μ„ ν‚€μš°κ³ 
01:59
and strengthened them against neighboring enemies.
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μ΄μ›ƒμ˜ 적듀에 λŒ€ν•­ν•  νž˜μ„ ν‚€μ› μ£ .
02:01
African kingdoms prospered from the slave trade,
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아프리카 왕ꡭ은 λ…Έμ˜ˆλ¬΄μ—­μœΌλ‘œ λ²ˆμ„±ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:04
but meeting the European's massive demand created intense competition.
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유럽의 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μˆ˜μš”μ— μ§λ©΄ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ κ·Ήμ‹¬ν•œ κ²½μŸλ„ μƒκ²¨λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
Slavery replaced other criminal sentences,
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범죄에 λŒ€ν•œ 벌둜 λ…Έμ˜ˆκ°€ λ˜λ„λ‘ ν–ˆκ³ .
02:11
and capturing slaves became a motivation for war,
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ₯Ό μž‘λŠ” 것이 μ „μŸμ˜ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:15
rather than its result.
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μ „μŸμ„ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” 동기가 λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
02:17
To defend themselves from slave raids,
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ₯Ό 작기 μœ„ν•œ μŠ΅κ²©μ—μ„œ 슀슀둜λ₯Ό λ°©μ–΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:19
neighboring kingdoms needed European firearms,
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μ£Όλ³€ 왕ꡭ듀은 유럽의 무기가 ν•„μš”ν–ˆκ³ 
02:21
which they also bought with slaves.
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κ·Έ 무기도 λ…Έμ˜ˆλ₯Ό νŒŒλŠ” λŒ“κ°€λ‘œ κ΅¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
The slave trade had become an arms race,
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ¬΄μ—­μ΄ κ΅°λΉ„ ν™•μž₯ 경쟁으둜 λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆκ³ 
02:27
altering societies and economies across the continent.
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λ°˜λŒ€νŽΈ λŒ€λ₯™μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ™€ 경제λ₯Ό 바꿔버린 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
As for the slaves themselves, they faced unimaginable brutality.
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€μ—κ²Œλ„ 상상할 수 μ—†λŠ” λ§Œν–‰μ΄ κ°€ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
After being marched to slave forts on the coast,
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€μ€ ν•΄μ•ˆμ˜ μš”μƒˆλ‘œ 끌렀 κ°€μ„œ
02:38
shaved to prevent lice, and branded,
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이λ₯Ό λ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 털을 λ°€κ³ , 낙인을 찍힌 후에
02:41
they were loaded onto ships bound for the Americas.
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λ―ΈλŒ€λ₯™μœΌλ‘œ ν–₯ν•˜λŠ” 배에 μ‹€λ Έμ£ .
02:44
About 20% of them would never see land again.
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κ·Έ 쀑 20% μ •λ„λŠ” λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” μœ‘μ§€λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
Most captains of the day were tight packers,
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κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ„ μž₯듀은 화물칸에 λΉˆν‹ˆμ„ 두지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
cramming as many men as possible below deck.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κ°‘νŒ μ•„λž˜λ‘œ μ–΅μ§€λ‘œ λ°€μ–΄ λ„£μ—ˆμ£ .
02:53
While the lack of sanitation caused many to die of disease,
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μ—΄μ•…ν•œ μœ„μƒμ‹œμ„€ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ§Žμ€ 이듀이 μ§ˆλ³‘μœΌλ‘œ μ£½μ—ˆκ³ ,
02:57
and others were thrown overboard for being sick,
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병에 κ±Έλ € μžˆλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜ ν˜Ήμ€ ν›ˆμœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ 처벌둜
03:00
or as discipline,
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λ°° λ°–μœΌλ‘œ λ˜μ Έμ§€κΈ°λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:01
the captain's ensured their profits by cutting off slave's ears
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μ„ μž₯듀은 μžμ‹ μ˜ μˆ˜μ΅μ„ 지킀기 μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έμ˜ˆμ˜ κ·€λ₯Ό 잘라
03:05
as proof of purchase.
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ‘œ 거래된 μžμž„μ„ μ¦κ±°μ‚Όμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
Some captives took matters into their own hands.
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μ–΄λ–€ λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€μ€ 그듀이 직접 μž‘μ•„μ˜€κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
Many inland Africans had never seen whites before,
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아프리카인듀 λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜λŠ” 백인을 λ³Έ 적도 μ—†μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:15
and thought them to be cannibals,
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그듀이 계속 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 멀리 데렀가고
03:16
constantly taking people away and returning for more.
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더 데렀가렀고 λŒμ•„μ˜€λŠ” 것을 보고 그듀이 μΈμœ‘μ„ λ¨ΉλŠ”λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
Afraid of being eaten, or just to avoid further suffering,
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μž‘ν˜€λ¨Ήνž 것이 λ‘λ ΅κ±°λ‚˜ μ•žμœΌλ‘œμ˜ 고톡을 ν”Όν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
03:23
they committed suicide or starved themselves,
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μžμ‚΄ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ°₯을 ꡢ기도 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
believing that in death, their souls would return home.
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죽으면 κ·Έλ“€ 영혼이 κ³ ν–₯으둜 λŒμ•„κ°„λ‹€κ³  λ―Ώμ—ˆλ˜κ±°μ£ .
03:31
Those who survived were completley dehumanized,
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남은 μžλ“€μ€ 인간성이 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ¬΄μ‹œλ˜κ³ 
03:34
treated as mere cargo.
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짐짝같은 취급을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
Women and children were kept above deck and abused by the crew,
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μ—¬μžμ™€ μ–΄λ¦° 아이듀은 κ°‘νŒμ—μ„œ μ„ μ›λ“€μ˜ ν•™λŒ€λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜κ³ ,
03:39
while the men were made to perform dances
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κ·Έ λ™μ•ˆ, λ‚¨μžλ“€μ€ ν›ˆλ ¨μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
03:42
in order to keep them exercised and curb rebellion.
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λ°˜ν•­μ„ 막기 μœ„ν•΄ 좀을 좔도둝 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
What happened to those Africans who reached the New World
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μ‹ λŒ€λ₯™μ— λ„μ°©ν•œ 아프리카인듀이 κ²ͺ게 된 μΌλ“€μ΄λ‚˜
03:49
and how the legacy of slavery still affects their descendants today
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€λ„ λ…Έμ˜ˆμ œλ„μ˜ μž”μž¬κ°€ κ·Έ ν›„μ†λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯듀은
03:53
is fairly well known.
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이미 잘 μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
But what is not often discussed
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λŒ€μ„œμ–‘ λ…Έμ˜ˆ 무역이
03:56
is the effect that the Atlantic slave trade had on Africa's future.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ λ―Έλž˜μ— 끼친 영ν–₯은 자주 λ…Όμ˜λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
Not only did the continent lose tens of millions of its able-bodied population,
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λŒ€λ₯™μ˜ μˆ˜μ²œλ§Œμ— λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 건μž₯ν•œ 인ꡬλ₯Ό μžƒμ€ 것 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:05
but because most of the slaves taken were men,
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λ…Έμ˜ˆμ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ λ‚¨μ„±μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ 탓에
04:08
the long-term demographic effect was even greater.
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μž₯기적인 인ꡬ톡계학 츑면에 더 큰 영ν–₯을 λΌμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
When the slave trade was finally outlawed in the Americas and Europe,
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κ²°κ΅­ λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ λ…Έμ˜ˆλ¬΄μ—­μ΄ λΆˆλ²•ν™”λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
04:15
the African kingdoms whose economies it had come to dominate collapsed,
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아프리카 μ™•κ΅­μ˜ κ²½μ œλŠ” λΆ•κ΄΄λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
04:20
leaving them open to conquest and colonization.
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점령과 μ‹λ―Όμ§€ν™”λ˜λŠ” 일만 λ‚¨κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
04:23
And the increased competition and influx of European weapons
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μƒν˜Έ 경쟁과 μœ λŸ½μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°μ˜ 무기 μœ μž… μ¦κ°€λŠ”
04:27
fueled warfare and instability that continues to this day.
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μ „μŸκ³Ό λΆˆμ•ˆμ„ λΆ€μ±„μ§ˆν•˜μ—¬ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€λ„ κ³„μ†λ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
The Atlantic slave trade also contributed to the development of racist ideology.
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λŒ€μ„œμ–‘ λ…Έμ˜ˆ 무역은 μΈμ’…μ°¨λ³„μ£Όμ˜μ˜ 원인이기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:36
Most African slavery had no deeper reason than legal punishment
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 아프리카 λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ” 법적 μ²˜λ²Œμ΄λ‚˜ μ’…μ‘±κ°„ μ „μŸ μ™Έμ—λŠ”
04:40
or intertribal warfare,
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달리 λšœλ ·ν•œ μ΄μœ κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
but the Europeans who preached a universal religion,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 쒅ꡐλ₯Ό μ „νŒŒν•˜λ©΄μ„œλ„
04:44
and who had long ago outlawed enslaving fellow Christians,
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였래 μ „λΆ€ν„° 같은 기독ꡐ μ‹ μžλ“€μ„ λΆˆλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ λ…Έμ˜ˆμ‚Όμ•˜λ˜ μœ λŸ½μΈλ“€μ€
04:48
needed justification for a practice
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 평등사상에 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°˜ν•˜λŠ”
04:50
so obviously at odds with their ideals of equality.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 관행을 μ •λ‹Ήν™”ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
So they claimed that Africans were biologically inferior
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 아프리카인듀이 μƒλ¬Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ—΄λ“±ν•˜λ©°
λ…Έμ˜ˆμ˜ 운λͺ…을 타고 났닀고 μ£Όμž₯ν•˜κ³ ,
04:58
and destined to be slaves,
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05:00
making great efforts to justify this theory.
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κ·Έ μ£Όμž₯을 μ •λ‹Ήν™”ν•˜λŠ” 데에 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 곡을 λ“€μ˜€μ£ .
05:03
Thus, slavery in Europe and the Americas acquired a racial basis,
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κ²°κ΅­, 유럽과 미ꡭ의 λ…Έμ˜ˆμ œλ„λŠ” 인쒅차별에 κΈ°λ°˜μ„ 두고,
05:07
making it impossible for slaves and their future descendants
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλ“€κ³Ό κ·Έ 미래의 ν›„μ†λ“€κΉŒμ§€ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ λ™λ“±ν•œ μ§€μœ„λ₯Ό μ–»λŠ” 것을
05:10
to attain equal status in society.
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
In all of these ways,
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이 λͺ¨λ“  λ©΄μ—μ„œ,
05:14
the Atlantic slave trade was an injustice on a massive scale
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λŒ€μ„œμ–‘ λ…Έμ˜ˆ 무역은 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λΆ€λ‹Ήν•œ 일을 ν–ˆκ³ ,
05:18
whose impact has continued long after its abolition.
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λ…Έμ˜ˆμ œλ„ 폐지 이후에도 계속 영ν–₯을 미치고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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