Just How Small is an Atom?

7,626,461 views ใƒป 2012-04-16

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: eviatar edlerman
00:13
You probably already know
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ืืชื ื›ื ืจืื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
00:15
everything is made up of little tiny things called atoms
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ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืคื™ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื.
00:17
or even that each atom is made up of even smaller particles
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื˜ื•ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงื˜ื ื™ื
00:20
called protons, neutrons and electrons.
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ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื, ื ื™ื•ื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื.
00:22
And you've probably heard that atoms are small.
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืขืชื ืฉืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
00:25
But I bet you haven't ever thought about how small atoms really are.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช.
00:29
Well, the answer is that they are really, really small.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืžืฉ , ืžืžืฉ, ืžืžืฉ ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
00:33
So you ask, just how small are atoms?
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ืื– ืืชื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื, ื›ืžื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื”ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื?
00:36
To understand this, let's ask this question:
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•:
00:40
How many atoms are in a grapefruit?
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ื›ืžื” ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช:?
00:42
Well, let's assume that the grapefruit is made up of only nitrogen atoms,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืจืง ืžืื˜ื•ืžื™ ื—ื ืงืŸ,
00:46
which isn't at all true, but there are nitrogen atoms in a grapefruit.
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ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืื˜ื•ืžื™ ื—ื ืงืŸ ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช.
00:49
To help you visualize this, let's blow up each of the atoms
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื
00:52
to the size of a blueberry.
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ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื”.
00:54
And then how big would the grapefruit have to be?
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ื•ืื– ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช?
00:57
It would have to be the same size of -- well, actually, the Earth.
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ื”ื™ื ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ -- ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
01:01
That's crazy!
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ื–ื” ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ!
01:03
You mean to say that if I filled the Earth with blueberries,
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ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืื ืื ื™ ืืžืœื ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื•ืช,
01:05
I would have the same number of nitrogen atoms as a grapefruit?
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ืื˜ื•ืžื™ ื—ื ืงืŸ ื›ืžื• ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช?
01:08
That's right!
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ!
01:10
So how big is the atom?
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ืื– ื›ืžื” ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื˜ื•ื?
01:12
Well, it's really, really small!
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ, ืžืžืฉ, ืžืžืฉ, ืžืžืฉ ืงื˜ืŸ.
01:15
And you know what? It gets even more crazy.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”? ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ.
01:18
Let's now look inside of each atom -- and thus the blueberry, right? --
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืชื•ืš ื›ืœ ืื˜ื•ื -- ืื• ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ? --
01:21
What do you see there?
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ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื?
01:22
In the center of the atom is something called the nucleus,
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ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืื˜ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืงืจื ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ,
01:25
which contains protons and neutrons,
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ืฉืžื›ื™ืœ ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื•ื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื,
01:27
and on the outside, you'd see electrons.
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ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืชืจืื• ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื.
01:29
So how big is the nucleus?
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ืื– ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ?
01:31
If atoms are like blueberries in the Earth,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื›ืžื• ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
01:33
how big would the nucleus be?
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ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ?
01:35
You might remember the old pictures of the atom from science class,
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ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ืชื–ื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื˜ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืชืช ื”ืžื“ืขื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
01:38
where you saw this tiny dot on the page with an arrow pointing to the nucleus.
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ื‘ื” ืจืื™ืชื ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ืฃ ืขื ื—ืฅ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืœื’ืœืขื™ืŸ.
01:42
Well, those pictures, they're not drawn to scale,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•, ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื”,
01:44
so they're kind of wrong.
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ืื– ื”ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
01:46
So how big is the nucleus?
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ืื– ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ?
01:48
So if you popped open the blueberry and were searching for the nucleus ...
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ืื– ืื ืชืคืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื” ื•ืชื—ืคืฉื• ืืช ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ,
01:53
You know what? It would be invisible.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”? ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”.
01:55
It's too small to see!
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ื”ื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืชื•!
01:57
OK. Let's blow up the atom -- the blueberry --
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืื˜ื•ื -- ื”ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื” --
02:00
to the size of a house.
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ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช.
02:02
So imagine a ball that is as tall as a two-story house.
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ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืงื•ืžื•ืช.
02:05
Let's look for the nucleus in the center of the atom.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืื˜ื•ื.
02:08
And do you know what? It would just barely be visible.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”? ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื•.
02:12
So to get our minds wrapped around how big the nucleus is,
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ืื– ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ,
02:14
we need to blow up the blueberry, up to the size of a football stadium.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื”, ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื™ืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ.
02:19
So imagine a ball the size of a football stadium,
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ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื™ืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ,
02:22
and right smack dab in the center of the atom,
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ื•ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืื˜ื•ื,
02:25
you would find the nucleus, and you could see it!
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ืชืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ, ื•ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื•!
02:28
And it would be the size of a small marble.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืœื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
02:32
And there's more, if I haven't blown your mind by now.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“, ืื ืœื ื”ืฉืชื’ืขืชื ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
02:34
Let's consider the atom some more.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืื˜ื•ื ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:36
It contains protons, neutrons and electrons.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื, ื ื™ื•ื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื.
02:38
The protons and neutrons live inside of the nucleus,
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ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื™ื™ื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ,
02:41
and contain almost all of the mass of the atom.
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ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื˜ื•ื.
02:43
Way on the edge are the electrons.
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ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืงืฆื” ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื.
02:45
So if an atom is like a ball the size of a football stadium,
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ืื– ืื ืื˜ื•ื ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื™ืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ,
02:48
with the nucleus in the center, and the electrons on the edge,
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ืขื ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–, ื•ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื”,
02:50
what is in between the nucleus and the electrons?
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื?
02:54
Surprisingly, the answer is empty space.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืคืœื, ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืœ ืจื™ืง.
02:57
(Wind noise)
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(ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื—)
03:00
That's right. Empty!
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืจื™ืง!
03:02
Between the nucleus and the electrons, there are vast regions of empty space.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืœ ืจื™ืง.
03:06
Now, technically there are some electromagnetic fields,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืฉื“ื•ืช ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื,
03:08
but in terms of stuff, matter, it is empty.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ, ื–ื” ืจื™ืง.
03:11
Remember this vast region of empty space is inside the blueberry,
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื• ืฉื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจื—ื‘ ืจื™ืง ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื”,
03:15
which is inside the Earth,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
03:17
which really are the atoms in the grapefruit.
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ืฉื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช.
03:19
OK, one more thing, if I can even get more bizarre.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“, ืื ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื–ืจ.
03:23
Since virtually all the mass of an atom is in the nucleus --
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื˜ื•ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ --
03:27
now, there is some amount of mass in the electrons,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื™ืฉ ืžืขื˜ ืžืกื” ื‘ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื,
03:30
but most of it is in the nucleus --
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ --
03:32
how dense is the nucleus?
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ื›ืžื” ื“ื—ื•ืก ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ?
03:33
Well, the answer is crazy.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช.
03:35
The density of a typical nucleus
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ื”ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ืžืžื•ืฆืข
03:37
is four times 10 to the 17th kilograms per meter cubed.
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ื”ื™ื ืืจื‘ืข ื›ืคื•ืœ ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช 17 ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจื ืœืžื˜ืจ ื ืคื—.
03:41
But that's hard to visualize. OK, I'll put it in English units.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ. ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ื•ืช.
03:44
2.5 times 10 to the 16th pounds per cubic feet.
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2.5 ื›ืคื•ืœ 10 ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืคืื•ื ื“ื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ื ืคื—.16
03:49
OK, that's still kind of hard to figure.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฉื” ืœืชืคื™ืกื”.
03:51
OK, here's what I want you to do.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืขืฉื•.
03:53
Make a box that is one foot by one foot by one foot.
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ืฆืจื• ืงื•ืคืกื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืจื’ืœ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœ.
03:57
Now let's go and grab all of the nuclei from a typical car.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ื ื™ื ืžืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ืช.
04:01
Now, cars on average weigh two tons.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื ื™ ื˜ื•ืŸ.
04:03
How many cars' nuclei would you have to put into the box
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ื›ืžื” ื’ืœืขื™ื ื™ื ืžืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื•ืคืกื”
04:07
to have your one-foot-box have the same density of the nucleus?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืงื•ืคืกืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ืข ืชื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ?
04:10
Is it one car? Two?
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ื”ืื ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื—ืช? ืฉืชื™ื™ื?
04:11
How about 100?
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ืื•ืœื™ 100?
04:13
Nope, nope and nope.
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ืœื, ืœื ื•ืœื.
04:15
The answer is much bigger.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
04:17
It is 6.2 billion.
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ื–ื” 6.2 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“.
04:21
That is almost equal to the number of people in the Earth.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
04:24
So if everyone in the Earth owned their own car --
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ืื– ืื ืœื›ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช --
04:26
and they don't --
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื --
04:27
(Cars honking)
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(ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฆื•ืคืจื•ืช)
04:29
and we put all of those cars into your box ...
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืžื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคืกื” ืฉืœื›ื...
04:33
That would be about the density of a nucleus.
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ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ.
04:36
So I'm saying that if you took every car in the world
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
04:39
and put it into your one-foot box,
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืฉืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื•ืคืกื” ื”ื–ื•,
04:41
you would have the density of one nucleus.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื›ื ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ืื—ื“.
04:44
OK, let's review.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจื•.
04:45
The atom is really,
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ื”ืื˜ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ,
04:46
really, really small.
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ืžืžืฉ, ืžืžืฉ ืงื˜ืŸ.
04:49
Think atoms in a grapefruit like blueberries in the Earth.
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
04:53
The nucleus is crazy small.
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ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช.
04:56
Now look inside the blueberry,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ื›ืžื ื™ื”,
04:57
and blow it up to the size of a football stadium,
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ื•ืชื’ื“ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื” ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื™ืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ,
05:00
and now the nucleus is a marble in the middle.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื–.
05:03
The atom is made up of vast regions of empty space.
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ื”ืื˜ื•ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืžืจื—ื‘ ืจื™ืง ืขืฆื•ื.
05:07
That's weird.
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ื–ื” ืžื•ื–ืจ.
05:08
The nucleus has a crazy-high density.
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ื”ื’ืœืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
05:10
Think of putting all those cars in your one-foot box.
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืงื•ืคืกื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ 30 ืก"ืž ืจื‘ื•ืขื™ื.
05:14
I think I'm tired.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื™ื™ืฃ.

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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