The Irish myth of the Giant's Causeway - Iseult Gillespie

1,795,278 views ใƒป 2018-06-12

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Allon Sasson
00:06
On the coast of Northern Ireland,
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ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืจืœื ื“,
00:08
a vast plateau of basalt slabs and columns
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ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืขืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื–ืœืช
00:12
called the Giantโ€™s Causeway
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ืฉื ืงืจื ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืงื™ื
00:14
stretches into the ocean.
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ื ืžืชื— ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก.
00:16
The scientific explanation for this
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ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืžื“ืขื™ ืœื–ื”
00:18
is that itโ€™s the result of molten lava contracting and fracturing
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืœืื‘ื” ืžื•ืชื›ืช ืฉื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื” ื•ื ืกื“ืงื”
00:22
as it cooled in the wake of a volcanic eruption.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชืงืจืจื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ื’ืขืฉื™ืช.
00:25
But an ancient Irish myth has a different accounting.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ืชื•ืก ืื™ืจื™ ืขืชื™ืง ืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ.
00:30
According to legend,
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืื’ื“ื”,
00:32
the giant Finn MacCool lived happily on the North Antrim coast
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ื”ืขื ืง ืคื™ืŸ ืžืง'ืงื•ืœ ื—ื™ ื‘ืื•ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™
00:36
with his wife Oonagh.
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ืขื ืืฉืชื• ืื•ื ืš.
00:38
Their only disturbance came from the taunts and threats
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ื”ื”ืคืจืขื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ื”ืงื ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ื•ืžื™ื
00:41
of the giant Benandonner,
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ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืง ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ,
00:43
or the red man, who lived across the sea in Scotland.
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ืื• ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ืื“ื•ื, ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ืฆื“ื• ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกืงื•ื˜ืœื ื“.
00:47
The two roared insults and hurled rocks at each other
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ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฆืขืงื• ืงืœืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื• ืกืœืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™
00:51
in dramatic shows of strength.
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ื‘ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—.
00:54
Once, Finn tore up a great clump of land and heaved it at his rival,
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ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ืคื™ืŸ ืงืจืข ื’ื•ืฉ ืื“ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•,
00:58
but it fell short of reaching land.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื“ืžื”.
01:01
Instead, the clump became the Isle of Man,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื”ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืคืš ืœืื™ ืžืืŸ,
01:04
and the crater left from the disturbed earth filled with water
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ื•ื”ืžื›ืชืฉ ืฉื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืื“ืžื” ื”ืžื•ืคืจืขืช ื”ืชืžืœื ืžื™ื
01:07
to become Lough Neagh.
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ื•ื”ืคืš ืœืœื•ืš ื ื™ื™.
01:09
The giantsโ€™ tough talk continued,
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ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืงื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื•,
01:12
until one day Benandonner challenged Finn to a fight, face to face.
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ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ืืชื’ืจ ืืช ืคื™ืŸ ืœืงืจื‘, ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื.
01:17
And so the Irish giant tossed enough boulders into the sea
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืขื ืง ื”ืื™ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืžืกืคื™ืง ืกืœืขื™ื ืœื™ื
01:21
to create a bridge of stepping stones to the Scottish coast.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื’ืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ ืžื“ืจืš ืœื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืกืงื•ื˜ื™.
01:26
Finn marched across in a fit of rage.
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ืคื™ืŸ ืฆืขื“ ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืชืงืฃ ืฉืœ ื–ืขื.
01:28
When Scotland loomed before him,
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ื›ืฉืกืงื•ื˜ืœื ื“ ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ืœืคื ื™ื•,
01:30
he made out the figure of Benandonner from afar.
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ื”ื•ื ื–ื™ื”ื” ืืช ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ืžืจื—ื•ืง.
01:33
Finn was a substantial size,
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ืคื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™,
01:36
but at the sight of his colossal enemy thundering towards him,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืจืื” ื”ืื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืกืœื™ ืจื•ืขื ืœืขื‘ืจื•,
01:39
his courage faltered.
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ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœื• ื›ืฉืœ.
01:41
With one look at Benandonnerโ€™s thick neck and crushing fists, Finn turned and ran.
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ืขื ืžื‘ื˜ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฆืื•ื•ืจื• ื”ืขื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ื•ืื’ืจื•ืคื™ื• ื”ืžื ืคืฆื™ื, ืคื™ืŸ ืคื ื” ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืจื—.
01:47
Back home, with Benandonner fast approaching,
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ืฉื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ืžืชืงืจื‘ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
01:50
Finn trembled as he described his enemyโ€™s bulk to Oonagh.
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ืคื™ืŸ ืจืขื“ ื›ืฉืชืืจ ืืช ืื•ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœืืฉืชื• ืื•ื ืš.
01:55
They knew that if he faced Benandonner head on,
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ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ,
01:58
heโ€™d be crushed.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืžื—ืฅ.
01:59
And so Oonagh hatched a cunning plan -
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ื•ื›ืš ืื•ื ืš ื”ืขืœืชื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืขืจืžื•ืžื™ --
02:02
they needed to create an illusion of size,
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืฉืœื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœ,
02:04
to suggest Finn was a mountain of a man whilst keeping him out of sight.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืคื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจ ืฉืœ ืื“ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื—ืง ืžื˜ื•ื•ื— ืจืื™ื”.
02:09
As Benandonner neared the end of the bridge,
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ื›ืฉื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืงืฆื” ื”ื’ืฉืจ,
02:12
Oonagh stuffed her husband in a huge cradle.
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ืื•ื ืš ื“ื—ืคื” ืืช ื‘ืขืœื” ืœืขืจื™ืกื” ืขื ืงื™ืช.
02:15
Disguised as an enormous baby,
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ื”ืกื•ื•ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ื›ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืขื ืง.
02:18
Finn lay quiet as Benandonnner pounded on the door.
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ืคื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื›ืฉื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ื“ืคืง ืขืœ ื”ื“ืœืช.
02:22
The house shook as he stepped inside.
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ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืจืขื“ ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืก.
02:25
Oonagh told the enraged visitor that her husband wasnโ€™t home,
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ืื•ื ืš ืืžืจ ืœืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ื–ื•ืขื ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
02:29
but welcomed him to sit and eat while he waited.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื›ื”.
02:32
When Benandonner tore into the cakes placed before him,
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ื›ืฉื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ื’ืจืก ืืช ื”ืขื•ื’ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื• ืœืคื ื™ื•,
02:35
he cried out in pain
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืื‘
02:37
for heโ€™d shattered his teeth on the metal Oonagh had concealed inside.
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื ื™ืคืฅ ืืช ืฉื™ื ื™ื• ืžืžืชื›ืช ืฉืื•ื ืš ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื.
02:43
She told him that this was Finnโ€™s favorite bread,
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉืœื• ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืœื—ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ืŸ,
02:45
sowing a seed of doubt in Benandonnerโ€™s mind
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ื•ื–ืจืขื” ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ืกืคืง ื‘ืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ
02:48
that he was any match for his rival.
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ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•.
02:51
When Finn let out a squawk,
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ื›ืฉืคื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื—ืจืจ ืฆื™ื•ืฅ,
02:53
Benandonnerโ€™s attention was drawn to the gigantic baby in the corner.
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ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ื ืžืฉื›ื” ืœืชื™ื ื•ืง ื”ืขื ืง ื‘ืคื™ื ื”.
02:58
So hefty was the infant swaddled under piles of blankets,
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืชื—ืช ืขืจืžื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื›ื•ืช,
03:02
Benandonner shuddered at the thought of what the father would look like.
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ืฉื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ืจืขื“ ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืš ืื‘ื™ื• ื™ืจืื”.
03:07
He decided heโ€™d rather not find out.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื ืœื’ืœื•ืช.
03:09
As he fled, Benandonner tore up the rocks connecting the shores,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื—, ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ื ืจ ืงืจืข ืืช ื”ืกืœืขื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืคื™ื,
03:13
breaking up the causeway.
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ื•ืฉื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ.
03:15
What remains are two identical rock formations:
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ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจ ื”ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืกืœืขื™ื ื–ื”ื•ืช:
03:19
one on the North Antrim coast of Ireland
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ืื—ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืื ื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืจืœื ื“
03:22
and one at Fingalโ€™s Cave in Scotland, right across the sea.
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ื•ืื—ืช ื‘ืžืขืจืช ืคื™ื ื’ืœ ื‘ืกืงื•ื˜ืœื ื“, ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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