Can you solve the secret assassin society riddle? - Alex Rosenthal

1,091,209 views ใƒป 2023-11-07

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: zeeva livshitz ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:07
Your agent is about to infiltrate a life or death poker game
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ื”ืกื•ื›ื ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืœืžืฉื—ืง ืคื•ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื• ืžื•ื•ืช
00:11
in a hidden back room of the grand casino.
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ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื•ืจื™ ื ืกืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื–ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
00:14
Youโ€™re on the trail of an elite society of assassins,
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ืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื,
00:17
each of whom carries a signature playing card corresponding to their role.
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ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื ื•ืฉื ืงืœืฃ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื•.
00:22
Youโ€™ve received intel from a 100% reliable source about how they operate.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืžืงื•ืจ ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ -100% ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื.
00:27
Their M.O. is to invite their victims to a high stakes game
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ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”
00:31
with one or more killers at the table.
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ืขื ืจื•ืฆื— ืื—ื“ ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
00:33
The game is a variant of poker played with a single, fair deck
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ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื•ื ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœ ืคื•ืงืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ื—ืง ืขื ื—ืคื™ืกื” ืื—ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช
00:37
where every player receives two cards in secret.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืงืœืคื™ื ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื.
00:41
Each assassin immediately and covertly swaps one of the cards
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ื›ืœ ืžืชื ืงืฉ ืžื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžื™ื“ ื•ื‘ื—ืฉืื™ ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืงืœืคื™ื
00:45
theyโ€™ve been fairly dealt with their signature card.
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ืฉื—ื•ืœืงื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืฉืœื•.
00:49
Then the robo-dealer reveals three shared cards on the table.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืžื—ืœืง ื”ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืงืœืคื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
00:53
After betting, the assassins play their signature cards
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ, ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืืช ืงืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื
00:57
as a signal that theyโ€™re ready.
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ื›ืื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื.
00:59
When the last one comes out, they go about their grim business.
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ื›ืฉื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื, ื”ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืขื™ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
01:03
Today's game is no different,
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ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื ื”,
01:04
and your mission is to identify the assassins and save all the victims.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช.
01:09
Everyone at the table is either an assassin or a victim,
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื ืงืฉ ืื• ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ,
01:13
and there must be at least one of each.
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ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืื—ื“.
01:16
The game is about to begin when your agent finds the secret passage
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ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืžื•ืฆืืช ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืกื•ื“ื™
01:19
and talks her way into a seat at the table.
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ื•ืžืฉื›ื ืขืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืžื•ืฉื‘ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
01:23
Meanwhile, youโ€™re monitoring the proceedings with an insect drone.
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ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ืืชื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืขื ืžื–ืœโ€œื˜ ื—ืจืง.
01:27
If you can figure out who has swapped out a fairly dealt card with a new one,
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ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืฉื—ื•ืœืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื—ื“ืฉ,
01:32
you can identify the assassins and alert your agent through her earpiece.
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืœืกื•ื›ื ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื”.
01:37
The game begins.
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ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืžืชื—ื™ืœ.
01:38
Your drone doesnโ€™t catch anyoneโ€™s sleight of hand,
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ื”ืžืœโ€œื˜ ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ืชื•ืคืก ืืช ืื—ื™ื–ืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“,
01:41
but it does manage to get a look at the cards each player holds.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง.
01:46
Suddenly โ€” disaster.
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ืคืชืื•ื - ืืกื•ืŸ.
01:47
Someone swats the drone,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ื•ื‘ื˜ ื‘ืžืœโ€œื˜,
01:49
breaking your video feed before the reveal of the shared cards.
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ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉืœื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื.
01:53
It goes into emergency mode and is just operational enough
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื•ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง
01:57
to send the following string of data about those three shared cards
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ืžื—ืจื•ื–ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:01
before shutting down for good.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืกื’ื™ืจื” ืœืชืžื™ื“.
02:03
And thatโ€™s it; youโ€™ve lost your eyes and ears in the room.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ื–ื”; ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื ื•ืื•ื–ื ื™ื›ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ.
02:07
Your spy canโ€™t see anyone elseโ€™s cards or tell you anything,
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ื”ืžืจื’ืœืช ืฉืœืš ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ ืื• ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš ื›ืœื•ื,
02:11
so itโ€™s up to you to figure this out, and fast.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื›ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ืžื”ืจ.
02:15
Who are the assassins?
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ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื?
02:17
Pause here to figure it out yourself.
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ืขืฆืจื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื.
02:19
Answer in 3
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ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ - 3
02:20
Answer in 2
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ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ - 2
02:22
Answer in 1
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ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ - 1
02:24
You can start by combining the first two rules.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:27
The second tells us that there are at least two queens,
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ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช,
02:30
and the first that there's at least one king.
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ื•ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืœืš ืื—ื“.
02:33
So we must have two queens and a king.
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ืื– ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืœืš.
02:36
The first rule then tells us that the king is either in the middle or the left.
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ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืื– ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืื• ื‘ืฉืžืืœ.
02:41
Thatโ€™s all we can do for now, so letโ€™s look at the suits.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืขืช ืขืชื”, ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื.
02:44
By the same logic, we know that there must be two spades and one heart.
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ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ, ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ืขืœื” ื•ืœื‘ ืื—ื“.
02:49
And by the third rule, that heart must be in the middle or on the right.
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ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืื• ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ.
02:54
We can now make a table with our four possibilities.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขื ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
02:57
We can eliminate this one,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืกืœ ืืช ื–ื•,
02:59
because it would require the deck having two queens of spades.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื—ืคื™ืกืช ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืคื™ืง.
03:02
We canโ€™t rule out any other options, but we donโ€™t actually need to;
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื;
03:07
in every case, the three cards are the king of spades, the queen of hearts,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ื”ื ืžืœืš ืคื™ืง, ืžืœื›ืช ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช
03:11
and the queen of spades, in different orders.
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ื•ืžืœื›ื” ืคื™ืง, ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืฉื•ื ื”.
03:15
And it just so happens that each of these players holds one of those cards.
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืงืœืคื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
03:19
So, theyโ€™re the assassins, right?
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ืื–, ื”ื ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:21
Well, hold on, thereโ€™s something odd.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื—ื›ื• ืจื’ืข, ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื•ื–ืจ.
03:23
Player 2 and the agent both hold the same card.
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ืฉื—ืงืŸ 2 ื•ื”ืกื•ื›ื ืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืงืœืฃ.
03:27
So, one of those must be a signature assassin card.
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ืื–, ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื ืงืฉ .
03:31
But you know from your Intel that thereโ€™s at least one victim who is not the agent.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื›ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื”ืกื•ื›ื ืช.
03:36
How can that be?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
03:37
Oh, no. Thereโ€™s only one possibility:
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ื”ื•, ืœื. ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืื—ืช:
03:40
your spy is the assassin known as the king of diamonds,
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ื”ืžืจื’ืœืช ืฉืœืš ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืชื ืงืฉืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื›ืžืœืš ื”ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื,
03:44
and sheโ€™s been playing you this whole time.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ืงื” ืืชื›ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
03:47
The only victim is player 2.
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ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉื—ืงืŸ 2.
03:50
You rush in, grab hold of player 2 just before the bidding ends,
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ืืชื ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื”, ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืืช ืฉื—ืงืŸ 2 ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืฆืขื”
03:53
and make a run for it.
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ื•ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื.
03:55
On your way out, you lock eyes with your backstabbing partner.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื›ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”, ืืชื ื ื•ืขืœื™ื ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื” ื”ื‘ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
03:58
You search her features, desperate for any sign of remorse or apology.
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ืืชื ืžื—ืคืฉ ื‘ื”ื‘ืขื” ืฉืœื”, ื ื•ืืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ืจื˜ื” ืื• ื”ืชื ืฆืœื•ืช.
04:03
All you get back is a poker face.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื–ื” โ€œืคื•ืงืจ ืคื™ื™ืกโ€œ.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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