What is the world wide web? - Twila Camp

1,350,082 views ใƒป 2014-05-12

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Tal Dekkers
00:07
The World Wide Web,
0
7135
1667
ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
00:08
where you're likely watching this video,
1
8802
1834
ื“ืจื›ื” ืืชื ื›ื ืจืื” ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
00:10
is used by millions of people every day
2
10636
2615
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื
00:13
for everything from
3
13251
960
ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœ
00:14
checking the weather,
4
14211
1124
ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื™ืจ,
00:15
ordering food,
5
15335
1069
ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืื•ื›ืœ,
00:16
and chatting with friends
6
16404
814
ื•ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื
00:17
to raising funds,
7
17218
1087
ืœืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืกืคื™ื,
00:18
sharing news,
8
18305
1017
ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
00:19
or starting revolutions.
9
19322
1803
ืื• ื”ืชื—ืœืช ืžื”ืคื›ื•ืช.
00:21
We use it from our computers, our phones, even our cars.
10
21125
3203
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
00:24
It's just there,
11
24328
1168
ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื,
00:25
all around us, all the time.
12
25496
1554
ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•, ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
00:27
But what is it exactly?
13
27050
1667
ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง?
00:28
Well first of all, the World Wide Web is not the Internet,
14
28717
3334
ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜,
00:32
even though the terms are often used interchangeably.
15
32051
2854
ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื”ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื,
00:34
The Internet is simply the way computers connect to each other
16
34905
2702
ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™
00:37
in order to share information.
17
37607
1863
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืžื™ื“ืข.
00:39
When the Internet first emerged,
18
39470
1675
ื›ืฉื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”,
00:41
computers actually made direct calls to each other.
19
41145
3016
ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขืฉื• ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™.
00:44
Today, networks are all around us,
20
44161
2265
ื”ื™ื•ื, ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
00:46
so computers can communicate seamlessly.
21
46426
2597
ืื– ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
00:49
The communication enabled through the Internet
22
49023
1734
ืœืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืžืชืืคืฉืจืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
00:50
has many uses,
23
50757
1098
ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื,
00:51
such as email, file transfer, and conferencing.
24
51855
2950
ื›ืžื• ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ, ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืงื‘ืฆื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื“ื”.
00:54
But the most common use
25
54805
1387
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื›ื™ ื ืคื•ืฅ
00:56
is accessing the World Wide Web.
26
56192
1803
ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืจืฉืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
00:57
Think of the Web as a bunch of skyscrapers,
27
57995
2612
ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉืช ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื“ื™ ืฉื—ืงื™ื,
01:00
each representing a web server,
28
60607
1926
ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืฉืจืช ืจืฉืช,
01:02
a computer always connected to the Internet,
29
62533
3085
ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜,
01:05
specifically designed to store information and share it.
30
65618
2831
ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืื—ืกืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืื•ืชื•.
01:08
When someone starts a website,
31
68449
1689
ื›ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืคื•ืชื— ืืชืจ,
01:10
they are renting a room in this skyscraper,
32
70138
2556
ื”ื ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืจื“ ื”ืฉื—ืงื™ื,
01:12
filling it with information
33
72694
1547
ื•ืžืžืœืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข
01:14
and linking that information together
34
74241
1701
ื•ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ื—ื“
01:15
in an organized way for others to access.
35
75942
2927
ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ืœื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื.
01:18
The people who own these skyscrapers
36
78869
1777
ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื
01:20
and rent space in them
37
80646
1387
ื•ืžืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืงื•ื
01:22
are called web hosts,
38
82033
1335
ื ืงืจืื™ื ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ืื™ื›ืกื•ืŸ,
01:23
but anyone can set up a web server
39
83368
1519
ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื™ื ืฉืจืช ืื ื˜ืจื ื˜
01:24
with the right equipment a bit of know-how.
40
84887
2313
ืขื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ื•ืžืขื˜ ื™ื“ืข.
01:27
There's another part to having a website,
41
87200
1956
ื™ืฉ ื—ืœืง ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืงืช ืืชืจ,
01:29
without which we would be lost in the city
42
89156
1836
ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ืื‘ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ
01:30
with no way of finding what we need.
43
90992
2434
ื‘ืœื™ ื“ืจืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
01:33
This is the website address,
44
93426
1635
ื–ื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืชืจ,
01:35
which consists of domain names.
45
95061
1603
ืฉืžื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ.
01:36
Just like with a real life address,
46
96664
1733
ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื,
01:38
a website address lets you get where you want to go.
47
98397
2929
ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืชืจ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื›ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืŸ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
01:41
The information stored in the websites
48
101326
1873
ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืืชืจื™ื
01:43
is in web languages,
49
103199
1538
ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืจืฉืช,
01:44
such as HTML and JavaScript.
50
104737
2132
ื›ืžื• HTML ื•ื’'ืื•ื•ืกืงืจื™ืคื˜.
01:46
When we find the website we're looking for,
51
106869
1906
ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ืืชืจ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื,
01:48
our web browser is able to take all the code on the site
52
108775
3258
ื”ื“ืคื“ืคืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ
01:52
and turn it into words, graphics, and videos.
53
112033
3051
ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื™ืœื™ื, ื’ืจืคื™ืงื”, ื•ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื.
01:55
We don't need to know any special computer languages
54
115084
2448
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื•ื ืฉืคืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช
01:57
because the web browser creates a graphic interface for us.
55
117532
3788
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื“ืคื“ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืžืฉืง ื’ืจืคื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•.
02:01
So, in a lot of ways,
56
121320
1463
ืื–, ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื,
02:02
the World Wide Web is a big virtual city
57
122783
2500
ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืขื™ืจ ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
02:05
where we communicate with each other
58
125283
1610
ื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืงืฉืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™
02:06
in web languages,
59
126893
1366
ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืจืฉืช,
02:08
with browsers acting as our translators.
60
128259
2359
ืขื ื“ืคื“ืคื ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื›ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
02:10
And just like no one owns a city,
61
130618
2248
ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจ,
02:12
no one owns the Web;
62
132866
1466
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืœืจืฉืช;
02:14
it belongs to all of us.
63
134332
1617
ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•.
02:15
Anyone can move in and set up shop.
64
135949
1836
ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ื—ื ื•ืช.
02:17
We might have to pay an Internet service provider
65
137785
2055
ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกืคืง ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
02:19
to gain access,
66
139840
1634
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื”,
02:21
a hosting company to rent web space,
67
141474
1894
ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ืื›ืกื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ื,
02:23
or a registrar to reserve our web address.
68
143368
2497
ืื• ืœืจืฉื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช.
02:25
Like utility companies in a city,
69
145865
2083
ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ,
02:27
these companies provide crucial services,
70
147948
2036
ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื,
02:29
but in the end,
71
149984
1382
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ,
02:31
not even they own the Web.
72
151366
1620
ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื ืœื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืจืฉืช.
02:32
But what really makes the Web so special
73
152986
1837
ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืจืฉืช ืœื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช
02:34
lies in its very name.
74
154823
1794
ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉื ืฉืœื”.
02:36
Prior to the Web,
75
156617
1333
ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจืฉืช,
02:37
we used to consume most information
76
157950
1583
ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข
02:39
in a linear fashion.
77
159533
1494
ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื™ื ืืจื™,
02:41
In a book or newspaper article,
78
161027
1836
ื‘ืกืคืจ ืื• ืžืืžืจ ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ,
02:42
each sentence was read from beginning to end,
79
162863
2421
ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื ืงืจื ืžื”ืชื—ืœื” ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ,
02:45
page by page,
80
165284
1548
ื“ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ื“ืฃ,
02:46
in a straight line until you reached the end.
81
166832
2701
ื‘ืงื• ื™ืฉืจ ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื ืœืกื•ืฃ.
02:49
But that isn't how our brains actually work.
82
169533
2039
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ืš.
02:51
Each of our thoughts is linked to other thoughts,
83
171572
2293
ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช,
02:53
memories, and emotions
84
173865
1709
ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืจื’ืฉื•ืช
02:55
in a loose interconnected network, like a web.
85
175574
3037
ื‘ืจืฉืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืจื•ืคืคืช, ื›ืžื• ืจืฉืช.
02:58
Tim Berners-Lee, the father of the World Wide Web,
86
178611
2704
ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจื ืจืก ืœื™, ืื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉืช,
03:01
understood that we needed a way to organize information
87
181315
3202
ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข
03:04
that mirrored this natural arrangement.
88
184517
2335
ืฉืชืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื”ื–ื”.
03:06
And the Web accomplishes this through hyperlinks.
89
186852
2766
ื•ื”ืจืฉืช ืžืฉื™ื’ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื“ืจืš ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื.
03:09
By linking several pages within a website
90
189618
2272
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื“ืคื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืชืจ
03:11
or even redirecting you to other websites
91
191890
2273
ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืคื ื™ื” ืœืืชืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
03:14
to expand on information or ideas immediately
92
194163
2787
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืื• ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™
03:16
as you encounter them,
93
196950
1500
ื›ืฉืืชื ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื,
03:18
hyperlinks allow the Web
94
198450
1074
ืœื™ื ืงื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืจืฉืช
03:19
to operate along the same lines as our thought patterns.
95
199524
2992
ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”.
03:22
The Web is so much a part of our lives
96
202516
2147
ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื›ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
03:24
because in content and structure,
97
204663
1853
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœื”,
03:26
it reflects both the wider society
98
206516
2167
ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื”
03:28
and our individual minds.
99
208683
2124
ื•ืืช ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
03:30
And it connects those minds
100
210807
1764
ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
03:32
across all boundaries,
101
212571
1695
ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช,
03:34
not only enthnicity, gender, and age
102
214266
1916
ืœื ืจืง ื“ืช, ืžื’ื“ืจ ื•ื’ื™ืœ
03:36
but even time and space.
103
216182
1630
ืืœื ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื—ืœืœ ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7