The contributions of female explorers - Courtney Stephens

Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Jessica Ruby

Translator: Ferdyani Atikaputri Reviewer: yenni saputri

Nowadays, we take curiosity for granted.

Kini, kita masa bodoh dengan keingintahuan.

We believe that if we put in the hard work,

Kita yakin jika kita bekerja keras,

we might one day stand before the pyramids,

kita bisa berdiri di depan piramida,

discover a new species of flower,

menemukan spesies bunga baru,

or even go to the moon.

atau bahkan pergi ke Bulan.

But, in the 18th and 19th century,

Namun, pada abad ke-18 dan 19,

female eyes gazed out windows

perempuan memandang ke luar jendela

at a world they were unlikely to ever explore.

pada dunia yang tidak mungkin akan mereka jelajahi.

Life for women in the time of Queen Victoria

Kehidupan perempuan di zaman Ratu Victoria

was largely relegated to house chores and gossip.

banyak dihabiskan untuk pekerjaan rumah tangga dan bergunjing.

And, although they devoured books on exotic travel,

Meski melahap buku tentang perjalanan unik,

most would never would leave the places

kebanyakan tak akan pergi dari

in which they were born.

tempat kelahiran mereka.

However, there were a few Victorian women, who,

Namun, ada beberapa perempuan Victoria, yang,

through privilege,

dengan keistimewaan

endurance,

daya tahan,

and not taking "no" for an answer,

dan kegigihan,

did set sail for wilder shores.

membentangkan layarnya ke alam liar.

In 1860, Marianne North,

Pada tahun 1869, Marianne North,

an amateur gardener and painter,

seorang tukang kebun dan pelukis amatir,

crossed the ocean to America

mengarungi samudra ke Amerika

with letters of introduction,

dengan surat pengantar,

an easel,

papan sangga,

and a love of flowers.

dan kecintaan terhadap bunga.

She went on to travel to Jamaica,

Dia menempuh perjalanan hingga Jamaika,

Peru,

Japan,

Peru,

Jepang,

India,

India,

Australia.

Australia.

In fact, she went to every continent except Antarctica

Bahkan dia mengunjungi semua benua kecuali Antartika

in pursuit of new flowers to paint.

dengan tujuan untuk melukis jenis bunga baru.

"I was overwhelmed with the amount

"Aku kagum dengan banyaknya

of subjects to be painted," she wrote.

objek yang harus dilukis," tulisnya.

"The hills were marvelously blue,

"Bukit-bukit yang biru mempesona,

piled one over the other beyond them.

berbaris satu dengan yang lain.

I never saw such abundance of pure color."

Saya belum pernah melihat warna alami yang begitu kaya."

With no planes or automobiles

Tanpa pesawat ataupun mobil

and rarely a paved street,

dan terbatasnya jalan setapak,

North rode donkeys,

menunggangi keledai,

scaled cliffs,

menelusuri tebing,

and crossed swamps

dan menyeberangi rawa,

to reach the plants she wanted.

agar sampai ke tanaman yang dituju.

And all this in the customary dress of her day,

Semua dilakukan dengan pakaian sehari-harinya,

floor-length gowns.

gaun panjang.

As photography had not yet been perfected,

Dikarenakan fotografi belum sepenuhnya tercipta,

Marianne's paintings gave botanists back in Europe

lukisan Marianne memberikan sekilas pandang bagi ahli botani Eropa,

their first glimpses of some of the world's most unusual plants,

beberapa tanaman paling aneh sedunia,

like the giant pitcher plant of Borneo,

seperti kantong semar dari Kalimantan,

the African torch lily,

lili obor dari Afrika,

and the many other species named for her

dan banyak spesies lain dinamai dengan namanya

as she was the first European to catalog them in the wild.

sebagai orang Eropa pertama yang membuat katalog di alam liar.

Meanwhile, back in London,

Sementara itu di London,

Miss Mary Kingsley was the sheltered daughter

Nona Mary Kingsley, seorang anak rumahan

of a traveling doctor

dari dokter pengelana

who loved hearing her father's tales

yang suka mendengarkan kisah ayahnya

of native customs in Africa.

tentang adat suku pribumi di Afrika.

Midway through writing a book on the subject,

Di tengah masa penulisan buku,

her father fell ill and died.

ayahnya jatuh sakit dan meninggal dunia.

So, Kingsley decided she would finish the book for him.

Ia pun memutuskan untuk menyelesaikan buku itu demi ayahnya.

Peers of her father advised her not to go,

Rekan-rekan ayahnya mencegahnya pergi

showing her maps of tropical diseases,

menakutinya dengan peta persebaran penyakit tropis,

but she went anyhow,

tapi, ia tetap pergi,

landing in modern-day Sierra Leone in 1896

mendarat di tempat yang sekarang Sierra Leone di tahun 1896

with two large suitcases and a phrase book.

dengan dua koper besar dan rancangan buku.

Traveling into the jungle,

Bertualang ke dalam hutan,

she was able to confirm the existence

dia membuktikan adanya

makhluk yang masih dianggap mitos,

of a then-mythical creature,

the gorilla.

gorila.

She recalls fighting with crocodiles,

Dia ingat berkelahi dengan buaya,

terjebak dalam tornado,

being caught in a tornado,

and tickling a hippopotamus with her umbrella

dan menggelitiki kuda nil dengan payungnya

so that he'd leave the side of her canoe.

agar menyingkir dari kanonya.

Falling into a spiky pit,

Terjatuh ke lubang berduri,

she was saved from harm by her thick petticoat.

ia terselamatkan oleh roknya yang tebal.

"A good snake properly cooked

"Seekor ular yang dimasak dengan baik

is one of the best meals one gets out here," she wrote.

adalah salah satu makanan enak yang bisa didapat di sana," tulisnya.

Think Indiana Jones was resourceful?

Anda berpikir bahwa Indiana Jones lihai?

Kingsley could out-survive him any day!

Kingsley dapat mengalahkannya dalam waktu singkat!

But when it comes to breaking rules,

Namun, mengenai pembelotan,

perhaps no female traveler was

mungkin tak ada penjelajah wanita

as daring as Alexandra David-Neel.

seberani Alexandra David-Neel.

Alexandra, who had studied Eastern religions

Alexandra yang mempelajari agama-agama Timur

at home in France,

di rumahnya di Prancis,

wanted desperately to prove herself

sangat ingin membuktikan dirinya

to Parisian scholars of the day,

pada akademisi Paris saat itu,

all of whom were men.

yang semuanya adalah laki-laki.

She decided the only way to be taken seriously

Dia memutuskan bahwa satu-satunya cara agar dianggap

was to visit the fabled city of Lhasa

adalah dengan mendatangi negeri dongeng Lhasa

in the mountains of Tibet.

di pegunungan Tibet.

"People will have to say,

"Orang-orang akan berkata,

'This woman lived among the things she's talking about.

"Wanita ini hidup dikelilingi hal yang dia ceritakan.

She touched them and she saw them alive,'" she wrote.

Ia menyentuh dan melihatnya,'" tulisnya.

When she arrived at the border from India,

Saat dia tiba di perbatasan di India,

she was forbidden to cross.

dia dilarang untuk melintas.

So, she disguised herself as a Tibetan man.

Maka, dia pun menyamar menjadi pria Tibet.

Dressed in a yak fur coat

Berbalutkan mantel bulu lembu

and a necklace of carved skulls,

dan kalung tengkorak,

she hiked through the barren Himilayas

dia mendaki Himalaya yang sepi

all the way to Lhasa,

hingga menuju Lhasa,

where she was subsequently arrested.

di mana pada akhirnya dia ditangkap.

She learned that the harder the journey,

Ia tahu makin berat perjalanan,

the better the story,

semakin unik ceritanya,

and went on to write many books on Tibetan religion,

dia kemudian menulis buku tentang agama orang Tibet,

which not only made a splash back in Paris

yang tidak hanya menimbulkan sensasi di Paris

but remain important today.

tapi juga tetap berpengaruh sampai kini.

These brave women, and others like them,

Para wanita pemberani ini, dan lainnya,

went all over the world to prove

menjelajah demi membuktikan

that the desire to see for oneself

bahwa hasrat untuk melihat semua sendiri

not only changes the course of human knowledge,

tidak hanya mengubah alur ilmu pengetahuan,

it changes the very idea of what is possible.

tapi juga mengubah ide tentang apapun yang mungkin.

They used the power of curiosity

Mereka menggunakan energi keingintahuan

to try and understand the viewpoints

untuk mencoba dan memahami sudut pandang

and peculiarities of other places,

dan keunikan dari tempat-tempat baru,

perhaps because they, themselves,

karena mungkin mereka pun

were seen as so unusual in their own societies.

dianggap tidak biasa oleh lingkungannya.

But their journeys revealed to them

Tapi, perjalanan mengungkap

something more than the ways of foreign lands,

hal yang melampaui perjalanan itu sendiri,

they revealed something only they, themselves, could find:

sesuatu yang hanya bisa diungkap sendiri:

a sense of their own self.

kesadaran atas jati diri mereka.