Jacqueline Novogratz: A third way to think about aid

譯者: Wen Chao 審譯者: Wang-Ju Tsai

Clearly, we're living in a moment of crisis.

很顯然地，我們現在的生活處處充滿危機

Arguably the financial markets have failed us

我們不但對金融體系失去信心

and the aid system is failing us,

連對援助系統也是。

and yet I stand firmly with the optimists

即使如此，我還是樂觀地認為

who believe that there has probably never been a more exciting moment to be alive.

再也沒有比現在更令人興奮的時刻了。

Because of some of technologies we've been talking about.

想想現在我們所談論的科技

Because of the resources, the skills,

想想我們有的這些資源，技能

and certainly the surge of talent we're seeing all around the world,

當然還有來自世界各地，不斷湧現的各式各樣的人才

with the mindset to create change.

和他們那顆勇於突破現狀的決心。

And we've got a president who sees himself as a global citizen,

我們還有個自許為世界公民的總統

who recognizes that no longer is there a single superpower,

他不只體認到單一強權的時代已不復存在

but that we've got to engage in a different way with the world.

和世界溝通的方式也必須改變。

And by definition, every one of you who is in this room

因此，在此的每一個人

must consider yourself a global soul,

一定要把自己當做全球的一份子

a global citizen.

視自己為世界的公民。

You work on the front lines. And you've seen the best and the worst

你們都是第一線的工作者，看盡了人性中

that human beings can do for one another and to one another.

最美好和最悲慘的事。

And no matter what country you live or work in,

不論你們在哪一個國家工作或是生活

you've also seen the extraordinary things that individuals are capable of,

你們都應該見識過，即使在最平凡的人身上

even in their most ordinariness.

也有成就不平凡事業的可能。

Today there is a raging debate

今時今日一個關於如何消弭貧窮的議題

as to how best we lift people out of poverty,

正被激烈的討論著

how best we release their energies.

究竟我們該如何幫助窮人發揮他們的潛能。

On the one hand, we have people that say

一方面，有人認為

the aid system is so broken we need to throw it out.

援助系統瀕臨崩潰，應該要放棄。

And on the other we have people who say

另一方面，也有人認為

the problem is that we need more aid.

還需要更多的援助。

And what I want to talk about is something that compliments both systems.

在這裡我想談的是一種能讓雙方都接受的方法

We call it patient capital.

我們稱之為＂耐心資本＂。

The critics point to the 500 billion dollars spent

有批評指出，從1970年開始，

in Africa since 1970

算算已有5000億資金投入非洲

and say, and what do we have but environmental degradation

結果呢？只造成當地環境惡化

and incredible levels of poverty, rampant corruption?

令人難以置信的貧困，和貪汙腐敗嗎？

They use Mobutu as metaphor.

他們拿蒙博托（剛果的獨裁者）做例子。

And their policy prescription is to

認為增強政府公信力

make government more accountable,

是最好的解決方法。

focus on the capital markets,

然後只把錢投資在資本市場

invest, don't give anything away.

純粹投資，而不做任何捐助。

On the other side, as I said, there are those who say

另一邊呢？像我之前提的，有人認為

the problem is that we need more money.

問題在於我們投入援助的錢還不夠。

That when it comes to the rich, we'll bail out

當服務的對象是有錢人時，

and we'll hand a lot of aid,

大家很樂意錦上添花，加碼提供贊助。

but when it comes to our poor brethren,

但當談到這些窮人時

we want little to do with it.

願意雪中送炭的人就非常有限。

They point to the successes of aid:

他們提到一個援助的成功案例：

the eradication of smallpox,

天花的消滅

and the distribution of tens of millions

還有透過運送數以千萬的

of malaria bed nets and antiretrovirals.

蚊帳及藥物才得到根除的瘧疾。

Both sides are right.

雙方說法都對

And the problem is that neither side is listening to the other.

但問題在於雙方都各持己見

Even more problematic, they're not listening to

更糟的是，根本沒人去了解

poor people themselves.

窮人的心聲。

After 25 years of working on issues of

25年來我一直專注於

poverty and innovation,

貧窮和創新的問題上

it's true that there are probably no more market-oriented

這是個事實：沒有任何人

individuals on the planet

會比低收入的窮人

than low-income people.

更受市場影響。

They must navigate markets daily,

他們每天被迫跟著市場環境

making micro-decisions, dozens and dozens,

為生活中的細節，做出一個又一個的決定

to move their way through society,

好讓日子能過下去。

and yet if a single catastrophic health problem

如果出現一個災難性的健康問題

impacts their family,

降臨到他們的家庭

they could be put back into poverty, sometimes for generations.

可能令好幾世代就此又陷入貧窮。

And so we need both the market

所以我們需要資本市場

and we need aid.

援助系統也不能少。

Patient capital works between,

耐心資本剛好在中間

and tries to take the best of both.

企圖擷取兩邊的優點。

It's money that's invested in entrepreneurs who know their communities

這資本用來投資熟知當地環境的創業家，

and are building solutions

使他們進而提出解決方案

to healthcare, water, housing, alternative energy,

致力於改善醫療品質，提昇水質及住房環境，以及能源替代方案等

thinking of low income people not as passive recipients of charity,

我們不該把窮人想成是只會被動地接受援助

but as individual customers, consumers, clients,

而是和一般獨立個體，消費者及客戶一樣

people who want to make decisions in their own lives.

該是掌控自己的命運的人。

Patient capital requires that we have

耐心資本需要的是

incredible tolerance for risk,

能高度承受風險

a long time horizon in terms of allowing those

並且給這些創業家們足夠的時間

entrepreneurs time to experiment,

實踐他們的計劃

to use the market as the best listening device that we have,

而且願意傾聽市場的聲音

and the expectation of below-market returns,

期待的並非是高額的投資回報

but outsized social impact.

而是擴大對社會的影響。

It recognizes that the market has its limitation,

意識到市場的侷限性，

and so patient capital also works

所以耐心資本也藉由更有效的補貼方案

with smart subsidy to extend the benefits of a global economy

擴大對全球經濟的效益

to include all people.

影響層面將擴及所有的人。

Now, entrepreneurs need patient capital

基於三個原因

for three reasons.

創業家需要耐心資本。

First, they tend to work in markets

第一，他們所運作的市場

where people make one, two, three dollars a day

人們每天收入不到3美元

and they are making all of their decisions within that income level.

所有生活中的決定受限於這微薄收入。

Second, the geographies in which they work

第二，他們所在的地理環境

have terrible infrastructure --

基礎建設嚴重缺乏

no roads to speak of, sporadic electricity

沒有可辨認的道路，也稱不上有電力系統

and high levels of corruption.

貪汙腐敗更是猖獗。

Third, they are often creating markets.

第三，那是個待創造開發的市場

Even if you're bringing clean water

像乾淨的水這麽平凡的東西

for the first time into rural villages, it is something new.

在偏僻村落，都還是前所未見的商品。

And so many low-income people

這些人

have seen so many failed promises broken

經歷過很多次＂狼來了＂

and seen so many quacks and sporadic medicines offered to them

也接受過許多庸醫的治療和零星藥品的援助

that building trust takes a lot of time,

所以要取得他們的信任需要很長的時間

takes a lot of patience.

很多的耐心。

It also requires being connected to a lot of management assistance.

後續的支援管理也很重要。

Not only to build the systems,

不是只有初期的系統架構

the business models that allow us

建立能深入窮人生活

to reach low income people in a sustainable way,

和長久持續的商業模式，

but to connect those business

還要進一步幫他們創造

to other markets, to governments, to corporations --

能與其他市場，政府機關，公司團體相互連結的環境

real partnerships if we want to get to scale.

唯有如此，才能達到我們預期的目標。

I want to share one story

在這，我想和大家分享一個案例

about an innovation called drip irrigation.

關於一個＂滴水灌概＂的創新計劃。

In 2002 I met this incredible entrepreneur

2002時我遇見這個了不起的創業家

named Amitabha Sadangi from India,

Amitabha Sadangi, 印度人

who'd been working for 20 years with some of the poorest farmers on the planet.

20年來他一直致力於幫助世界上最貧困的農民

And he was expressing his frustration

他不斷向我表達他的沮喪

that the aid market had bypassed low-income farmers altogether,

因為援助系統早已忘了這群窮苦的人

despite the fact that 200 million farmers

事實上，光在印度就有2億的農民

alone in India make under a dollar a day.

每天只靠1美元過活。

They were creating subsidies

有一些補助金額

either for large farms,

除了給大的農場使用

or they were giving inputs to the farmers

也直接給這些農民們

that they thought they should use, rather than

並規定這些農民該如何使用補助款

that the farmers wanted to use.

而沒有詢問農民們想怎麽用。

At the same time Amitabha was

同時Amitabha

obsessed with this drip irrigation technology

對來自以色列的＂滴水灌溉＂技術

that had been invented in Israel.

相當感興趣。

It was a way of bringing small amounts of water

它將少量的水

directly to the stalk of the plant.

直接灌溉在植物的根莖部

And it could transform

而且它可以

swaths of desert land into fields of emerald green.

把連綿的沙漠荒地變成滿地翠綠。

But the market also had bypassed low income farmers,

但這技術仍舊幫不上貧苦農夫的忙。

because these systems were both too expensive,

因為相關設施非常昂貴

and they were constructed for fields that were too large.

土地面積要達到相當的規模才適用。

The average small village farmer

而這些村落的農夫

works on two acres or less.

所耕種的土地面積也不過就一二畝罷了。

And so, Amitabha decided that he would take that innovation

所以Amitabha決定

and he would redesign it from the perspective

改造這個創新技術

of the poor farmers themselves,

重新設計一個符合這些農夫需求的灌溉系統。

because he spent so many years listening to what they needed

他花了很多年，了解他們真正所需

not what he thought that they should have.

而非憑自己一廂情願的想法

And he used three fundamental principles.

同時設定三個基本原則

The first one was miniaturization.

第一，小型化

The drip irrigation system

縮小滴水灌溉系統

had to be small enough that a farmer only had

要小到讓這些農民只需

to risk a quarter acre,

使用1/4畝的土地去試

even if he had two,

即使他有二畝地

because it was too frightening, given all that he had at stake.

如果必須使用所有的地，對農民來說風險太大了。

Second, it had to be extremely affordable.

第二，要農民負擔得起

In other words, that risk on the quarter acre

也就是說，如果不幸失敗

needed to be repaid in a single harvest,

只需一季收成就能回補損失

or else they wouldn't take the risk.

否則沒人會願意冒險的。

And third, it had to be what Amitabha calls

第三，Amitabha認為

infinitely expandable.

要能無限擴展

What I mean is with the profits from the first quarter acre,

意思是由第一個1/4畝地所賺到的利潤

the farmers could buy a second

能夠再買第二套設備

and a third and a fourth.

甚至第三套，第四套....

As of today, IDE India, Amitabha's organization,

直至今日，Amitabha成立的組織IDE

has sold over 300,000 farmers these systems

已售出30萬套這種系統

and has seen their yields and incomes

而且這些農民的收益報酬

double or triple on average,

都達以往的2倍，甚至3倍。

but this didn't happen overnight.

當然，這些成功並非一夕之間發生

In fact, when you go back to the beginning,

事實上，一開始時

there were no private investors

沒有任何一個私人投資者

who would be willing to take a risk on building a new technology

願意冒風險投資在

for a market class that made under a dollar a day,

日收入只有一美元的市場

that were known to be some of the most risk-averse people on the planet

而且這市場充斥著對風險亳無招架之力的一群人

and that were working in one of the riskiest sectors, agriculture.

更何況農業投資的風險本身已很高。

And so we needed grants. And he used significant grants

所以我們需要資金，讓他可以利用大量資金

to research, to experiment, to fail,

從事研究，做實驗，歷經失敗

to innovate and try again.

並且再接再厲。

And when he had a prototype

一旦具體計劃成形

and had a better understanding of how to market to farmers,

對於如何將系統賣給農民有好的方法時

that's when patient capital could come in.

也就是耐心資本投入的時點

And we helped him build a company, for profit,

這時我們幫助他成立公司，不但以獲利為目標

that would build on IDE's knowledge,

也藉由IDE的專業

and start looking at sales and exports,

尋求擴大營業規摸並增加產品出口的機會

and be able to tap into other kinds of capital.

進而引進其他資金管道。

Secondarily, we wanted to see if we could export

第二，我們也計劃

this drip irrigation and bring it into other countries.

將滴水灌溉系統出口至其他國家。

And so we met Dr. Sono Khangharani in Pakistan.

所以我們也拜訪了巴基斯坦的Sono Khangharani 博士

And while, again, you needed patience

一段時間後，同樣地，藉由耐心資本投入

to move a technology for the poor

我們有機會將這新技術

in India into Pakistan,

由印度引進巴基斯坦

just to get the permits,

只要取得許可

over time we were able to start a company

經過一段時間規劃

with Dr. Sono, who runs a large

我們得以和在塔爾沙漠

community development organization in the Thar Desert,

這個印度最偏僻最貧困的地區之一

which is one of the remote and poorest areas of the country.

擁有大型社區發展組織的Sono博士共同成立公司。

And though that company has just started,

雖然公司才剛成立

our assumption is that there too

但我們預測

we'll see the impact on millions.

它能影響千萬的窮苦人民。

But drip irrigation isn't the only innovation.

滴水灌溉並非唯一的創新發明

We're starting to see these happening all around the world.

後續效應不斷在全世界被擴散蔓延。

In Arusha, Tanzania, A to Z Textile Manufacturing

在坦桑尼亞的阿魯沙，A to Z 紡織廠

has worked in partnership with us,

也和我們一起

with UNICEF, with the Global Fund,

連同聯合國兒童基金會以及全球基金

to create a factory that now employs 7,000 people, mostly women.

創造了一個僱用7000名員工的工廠，而且大多是女性員工

And they produce 20 million lifesaving bednets

每年生產2千萬個防瘧疾的蚊帳

for Africans around the world.

給全世界的非洲人民。

Lifespring Hospital

源泉醫院

is a joint venture between Acumen and the government of India

由Acumen基金和印度政府合資成立

to bring quality, affordable maternal health care

目的是提供給低收入的產婦

to low-income women,

有品質，又能負擔得起的醫療照顧。

and it's been so successful that it's currently building

這醫院做得非當成功

a new hospital every 35 days.

平均每35天蓋一家新醫院。

And 1298 Ambulances decided that it was going to

"1298 救護車" 也計劃

reinvent a completely broken industry,

在這個瀕臨破產的行業重新投入資金

building an ambulance service in Bombay

他們在孟買設立救護車服務

that would use the technology of Google Earth,

利用Google Earth技術

a sliding scale pricing system

和彈性的訂價系統

so that all people could have access,

使所有人都能使用這項服務

and a severe and public decision

而且所有決策採嚴謹公開的過程

not to engage in any form of corruption.

杜絕任何貪瀆行為。

So that in the terrorist attacks of November

所以在去年11月孟買發生恐佈攻擊時

they were the first responder,

"1298救護車"是最先抵達災難現場的

and are now beginning to scale, because of partnership.

之後隨著新伙伴加入，逐步擴大規模。

They've just won four government contracts to build off their 100 ambulances,

他們才剛接受4個政府委託，建造100輛救護車的合約

and are one of the largest and most effective ambulance companies

現在已然成為印度最具規模

in India.

最有效率的救護車公司之一。

This idea of scale is critical.

擴大規模的想法非常重要

Because we're starting to see these enterprises

這些公司都有

reach hundreds of thousands of people. All of the ones I discussed

成千上百的員工，而我所提及的這些公司的員工總數

have reached at least a quarter million people.

超過二十五萬人。

But that's obviously not enough.

但這顯然不夠

And it's where the idea of partnership

所以藉由合作，結合外界資源

becomes so important.

變得十分重要。

Whether it's by finding those innovations

如果這些創新技術

that can access the capital markets,

能由資本市場取得資金

government itself, or partner with major corporations,

或和政府，大企業合作

there is unbelievable opportunity for innovation.

未來都能創造無限的可能。

President Obama understands that.

歐巴馬總統明白這個道理

He recently authorized the creation of a Social Innovation Fund

最近他授權創立了"社會創新基金"

to focus on what works in this country,

除了著眼於增進人民福址

and look at how we can scale it.

也追求世界福址。

And I would submit that it's time to consider

我認為現在是

a global innovation fund

推廣"全球創新基金"的好時機

that would find these entrepreneurs around the world

去資助這些散佈在全球的創業家

who really have innovations, not only for their country,

擁有對自己國家有貢獻的創新科技

but ones that we can use in the developed world as well.

若能藉由財務支援，甚至提供管理系統協助

Invest financial assistance, but also management assistance.

就能將這些創新科技推廣至世界各地

And then measure the returns,

那麼不只在財務方面

both from a financial perspective

甚至是社會影響力層面

and from a social impact perspective.

都能獲得可觀報酬。

When we think about new approaches to aid,

當我們談到新的援助方法時

it's impossible not to talk about Pakistan.

不可能不提到巴基斯坦。

We've had a rocky relationship with that country

巴基斯坦和美國關係一直不太穩定

and, in all fairness,

事實上

the United States has not always been a very reliable partner.

美國稱不上是個可以信賴的伙伴。

But again I would say that this is our moment

但是我想再一次強調

for extraordinary things to happen.

現在是個非常時刻。

And if we take that notion of a global innovation fund,

如果我們利用全球創新基金的概念

we could use this time to invest

不是直接投資政府

not directly in government, though we would have government's blessing,

雖然這麼做會少了當地政府的庇佑

nor in international experts,

也不是投資於國際貿易

but in the many existing entrepreneurs

而是投資現成的創業家

and civil society leaders

或社會各階層領導者

who already are building wonderful innovations

這些人有很棒的創新

that are reaching people all across the country.

而且能造福全國的人。

People like Rashani Zafar,

例如Rashnai Zafar

who created one of the largest microfinance banks in the country,

創辦世界上最大的小額信貸銀行

and is a real role model for women inside and outside the country.

也給全球女性樹立一個最好的榜樣

And Tasneem Siddiqui, who developed a way

還有Tasneem Siddiqui

called incremental housing,

提出"增量住房"概念

where he has moved 40,000 slum dwellers

同時他成功地讓4萬個貧民窟的居民

into safe, affordable community housing.

擁有安全，且負擔得起的住家。

Educational initiatives like DIL and The Citizen Foundation

還有教育倡導者像是DIL以及公民基金會

that are building schools across the country.

他們在全國各地創辦學校

It's not hyperbole

一點也不誇張的說

to say that these civil society institutions

這些公民社會組織

and these social entrepreneurs

以及社會創業家

are building real alternatives to the Taliban.

為當地人提供了塔利班以外的選擇。

I've invested in Pakistan for over seven years now,

我投資巴基斯坦已超過7年

and those of you who've also worked there

你們之中如果有人在那工作過

can attest that Pakistanis are an incredibly hard working population,

都可以證明巴基斯坦人工作是非常認真的。

and there is a fierce upward mobility in their very nature.

積極向上是他們的天性

President Kennedy said that

甘乃迪總統曾說過

those who make peaceful revolution impossible

那些阻止和平改革發生的人

make violent revolution inevitable.

往往促成暴力革命發生。

I would say that the converse is true.

我覺得這句話反過來說也很有道理

That these social leaders

這些社會領導者

who really are looking at innovation

創新求變

and extending opportunity

開拓機會

to the 70 percent of Pakistanis who make less than two dollars a day,

讓大部份收入微薄的巴基斯坦人

provide real pathways to hope.

對未來燃起了新的希望。

And as we think about how we construct aid for Pakistan,

當我們為巴基斯坦建造援助系統的同時

while we need to strengthen the judiciary,

我們還需要藉助司法力量

build greater stability,

建立穩固的體系

we also need to think about lifting those leaders

同時這些領導者

who can be role models for the rest of the world.

也可以將其影響力擴及世界其他地區。

On one of my last visits to Pakistan,

有次我去巴基斯坦時

I asked Dr. Sono if he would take me

要求Sono醫生帶我去塔爾沙漠

to see some of the drip irrigation in the Thar Desert.

我想看看滴水灌溉設備在那使用的狀況

And we left Karachi one morning before dawn.

天沒亮我們由Karachi出發

It was about 115 degrees.

氣溫高達華氏115度

And we drove for eight hours

開了8小時的車

along this moonscape-like landscape

沿途風景跟月球表面一樣

with very little color, lots of heat,

千篇一律，而且熱氣持續來襲

very little discussion, because we were exhausted.

一路上我們沒什麼交談，因為大家都累壞了

And finally, at the end of the journey,

最後終於抵達目的地

I could see this thin little yellow line across the horizon.

遠遠望去，我看到一條細小的黃線

And as we got closer, its significance became apparent.

靠近時才發現

That there in the desert

原來在這沙漠裡

was a field of sunflowers growing seven feet tall.

竟有一整片7呎高的向日葵

Because one of the poorest farmers on Earth

這令人驚豔的沙漠綠洲來自一個貧苦的農民

had gotten access to a technology

藉由科技的幫助

that had allowed him to change his own life.

讓他的生活從此得到改善

His name was Raja,

這個人叫Raja。

and he had kind, twinkly hazel eyes

淡褐色的雙眼，溫和但烱烱有神

and warm expressive hands

一雙溫暖的大手

that reminded me of my father.

讓我想到父親。

And he said it was the first dry season

他告訴我，這是有始以來第一個乾季

in his entire life that he hadn't taken

他不需要帶著

his 12 children and 50 grandchildren

12個孩子和50個孫子

on a two day journey across the desert

花2天時間橫渡沙漠

to work as day laborers at a commercial farm

為了換取一天50分的工錢

for about 50 cents a day.

到農場打零工。

Because he was building these crops.

這全是因為他所種植的這些作物

And with the money he earned he could stay this year.

加上賣了的錢，今年全家人不再需要奔波勞碌了。

And for the first time ever in three generations,

這也是自祖父輩以降

his children would go to school.

他的小孩終於有機會上學

We asked him if he would send his daughters as well as his sons.

我們問他對女兒會不會也一視同仁

And he said, "Of course I will.

他回答說＂當然

Because I don't want them discriminated against anymore."

因為我不希望他們任何一個再受到歧視＂

When we think about solutions to poverty,

當我們思考著如何擺脫貧窮時

we cannot deny individuals

我們不能忽略

their fundamental dignity.

個人的基本尊嚴。

Because at the end of the day,

終究到了最後

dignity is more important to the human spirit than wealth.

人的尊嚴還是勝過所擁有的財富。

And what's exciting is to see so many entrepreneurs across sectors

令人興奮的是這麼多的創業家

who are building innovations that recognize

致力於突破創新，是因為他們了解到

that what people want is freedom

人們對自由的渴望

and choice and opportunity.

對選擇及機會的渴求。

Because that is where dignity really starts.

這些都是人的基本尊嚴的要求。

Martin Luther King said that

馬丁路德曾經說過

love without power is anemic and sentimental,

失去力量的愛，脆弱無力，容易生悲

and that power without love

而失去愛的力量

is reckless and abusive.

則顯得蠻橫無忌。

Our generation has seen both approaches tried,

在我們這個世代，我們二種方法都嘗試過

and often fail.

多數以失敗告終

But I think our generation also might be the first

我們這一代也許

to have the courage to embrace both love and power.

俱備了同時擁抱愛和力量的勇氣

For that is what we'll need, as we move forward

俱備了邁向夢想中

to dream and imagine what it will really take

想要建立的

to build a global economy that includes all of us,

大公無私的全球經濟體系

and to finally extend that fundamental proposition

並且使＂人生而平等＂這一基礎民主思想

that all men are created equal to every human being on the planet.

得以拓展實現。

The time for us to begin innovating

現在是該展開行動的時候了

and looking for new solutions, a cross sector, is now.

不分國界，尋求創新解決方案。

I can only talk from my own experience,

在此我只能分享自身經驗

but in eight years of running Acumen fund,

但這八年來經營Acumen基金

I've seen the power of patient capital.

我深深感受到耐心資本的力量

Not only to inspire innovation and risk taking,

它不僅僅鼓勵創新和冒險

but to truly build systems that have created

事實上，它所建立起的系統

more than 25,000 jobs

創造了2萬5仟個工作機會

and delivered tens of millions of services and products

提供了數以萬計的服務及產品

to some of the poorest people on the planet.

給世界上最貧苦的一群人。

I know it works.

我知道這概念會成功

But I know that many other kinds of innovation also work.

還有很多其他的創新也會成功

And so I urge you, in whatever sector you work,

在此我懇請各位，不論你的專長領域

in whatever job you do,

也不論你做什麼工作

to start thinking about how we might

請開始思考

build solutions that start

我們能提供的協助

from the perspective of those we're trying to help.

是不是他們真正所需要的

Rather than what we think that they might need.

而不是我們認為他們需要的。

It will take embracing the world with both arms.

我願意用雙手擁抱這世界

And it will take living with the spirit of generosity and accountability,

使我們的生活充滿了慷慨和責任心

with a sense of integrity and perseverance.

以及誠信和毅力。

And yet these are the very qualities

這些好的信念

for which men and women have been honored

是我們代代相傳的

throughout the generations.

榮耀和驕傲。

And there is so much good that we can do.

但我們能做的事還有好多好多

Just think of all those sunflowers in the desert.

想想那些在沙漠裡盛開的向日葵吧！

Thank you.

謝謝大家！

(Applause)

(鼓掌)