How online abuse of women has spiraled out of control | Ashley Judd

Translator: Leslie Gauthier Reviewer: Joanna Pietrulewicz

譯者: Winston Szeto

[This talk contains graphic language and descriptions of sexual violence]

【演說內容涉及不雅用語及性暴力描述】

[Viewer discretion is advised]

【請自行決定是否觀看】

"Ashley Judd, stupid fucking slut.

「艾希莉．賈德，無腦的蕩婦。」

"You can't sue someone for calling them a cunt."

「就算是罵她賤貨也不用怕被告。」

"If you can't handle the Internet, fuck off, whore."

「如果不懂網路， 就滾開這裡！婊子！」

"I wish Ashley Judd would die a horrible death.

「衷心期望艾希莉．賈德不得好死。」

She is the absolute worst."

「她絕對是最爛的。」

"Ashley Judd, you're the reason women shouldn't vote."

「就是因為艾希莉．賈德， 我認為女人不應該有投票權。」

"'Twisted' is such a bad movie,

「《非常命案》 這齣電影爛到爆，

I don't even want to rape it."

爛到我根本不屑一顧。」

"Whatever you do,

「無論你做甚麼，

don't tell Ashley Judd. She'll die alone with a dried out vagina."

千萬不要告訴艾希莉．賈德， 她會孤獨死於陰道乾澀。」

"If I had to fuck an older woman,

若要選個老女人來幹，

oh my God,

不用想，

I would fuck the shit out of Ashley Judd,

我一定要幹艾希莉．賈德，

that bitch is hot af.

那個身材火辣的婊子。

The unforgivable shit I would do to her."

我唯一想做的就是幹她。」

Online misogyny is a global gender rights tragedy,

網路仇女現象， 是全球性別平權運動的災難，

and it is imperative that it ends.

我們必須終結這個亂象。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Girls' and women's voices,

女性的聲音，不論老少，

and our allies' voices are constrained in ways

甚至捍衞女權的男性聲音， 一直受到打壓，

that are personally, economically,

打擊和欺凌的行為 損害了女性個人福祉、

professionally and politically damaging.

經濟自主、職場機會及政治權益。

And when we curb abuse,

一旦我們遏制虐待，

we will expand freedom.

我們就會擴大自由的空間。

I am a Kentucky basketball fan,

我是肯塔基籃球隊的球迷，

so on a fine March day last year,

去年三月某一天，

I was doing one of the things I do best:

我做我擅長做的事：

I was cheering for my Wildcats.

到場為野貓隊打氣。

The daffodils were blooming,

當天水仙花開得燦爛，

but the referees were not blowing the whistle when I was telling them to.

但裁判沒有照我意思去吹哨。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Funny, they're very friendly to me before the opening tip,

我未作出批評前， 他們還對我很友善，

but they really ignore me during the game.

但在球賽進行時就不理睬我。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Three of my players were bleeding, so I did the next best thing ...

看到野貓隊三名球員受傷， 我做了一件最棒的事，

I tweeted.

就是發推文。

[@ArkRazorback dirty play can kiss my team's free throw making a --

【阿肯色野豬隊犯規， 我隊應有罰球權。

@KySportsRadio @marchmadness @espn Bloodied 3 players so far.]

野貓隊三名球員受傷。】

It is routine for me to be treated in the ways I've already described to you.

剛才跟你們說的髒話， 我已司空見慣，

It happens to me every single day

我每天都見到這些留言，

on social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook.

無論是在推特或是臉書上。

Since I joined Twitter in 2011,

自從我在 2011 年登記推特帳號，

misogyny and misogynists have amply demonstrated

仇女主義者開始群起狙擊我，

they will dog my every step.

監視我的一舉一動，

My spirituality, my faith,

我的個人信仰。

being a hillbilly -- I can say that, you can't --

身為鄉下人，能用那些詞彙，

all of it is fair game.

怎麼罵都不算過分。

And I have responded to this with various strategies.

我用各種方法回應。

I've tried engaging people.

我嘗試接觸他們。

This one guy was sending me hypersexual, nasty stuff,

其中一人多次發給我 特別淫穢的內容，

and there was a girl in his avatar.

我見他的個人頭像中有個女孩，

I wrote him back and said ...

於是回信問他：

"Is that your daughter?

這是否是你的女兒？

I feel a lot of fear that you may think about

你這樣子看待女性、跟女性溝通，

and talk to women this way."

令我感覺很害怕。

And he surprised me by saying,

他的回應出人意料。

"You know what? You're right. I apologize."

你說得沒錯，我為此道歉。

Sometimes people want to be held accountable.

人有時候就需要這種責任感。

This one guy was musing to I don't know who

另外一人似是高深地向我說：

that maybe I was the definition of a cunt.

也許我就是媽逼的代名詞。

I was married to a Scot for 14 years,

我跟一個蘇格蘭人結婚 14 年，

so I said, "Cunt means many different things in different countries --

所以我回應說： 媽逼這概念，在各地有不同的涵義。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

but I'm pretty sure you epitomize the global standard of a dick."

但我能肯定的是， 你這條屌絲天下無雙。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

(Applause)

（喝采聲）

I've tried to rise above it, I've tried to get in the trenches,

我嘗試努力了解他們的想法，

but mostly I would scroll through these social media platforms

但我在社交媒體上所看到的，

with one eye partially closed, trying not to see it,

盡是不堪入目的東西。

but you can't make a cucumber out of a pickle.

所謂覆水難收。

What is seen goes in.

帖子發出就收不回來，

It's traumatic.

只有帶來傷害。

And I was always secretly hoping in some part of me

我經常偷偷地自言自語，

that what was being said to me and about me wasn't ...

希望這些關於我的留言

true.

都是假的。

Because even I,

因為即使是像我這樣，

an avowed, self-declared feminist,

一個內心堅強的女性主義者，

who worships at the altar of Gloria --

一個集所有女性優點 於一身的女神…

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

internalize the patriarchy.

仍然會將父權思想內化。

This is really critical.

這絕對不容忽視。

Patriarchy is not boys and men.

父權社會不只是由男性構成。

It is a system in which we all participate,

而是人人都參與其中的體制，

including me.

我也是當中的一份子。

On that particular day, for some reason,

從那天之後，不知為什麼，

that particular tweet after the basketball game

我那則關於籃球賽的推文，

triggered something called a "cyber mob."

引發了一場「網路暴民攻擊事件」。

This vitriolic, global outpouring of the most heinous hate speech:

由四方八面傳來 喪心病狂的仇恨言論：

death threats, rape threats.

死亡恐嚇、強姦恐嚇。

And don't you know,

你們不知道的是，

when I was sitting at home alone in my nightgown,

有一晩我穿着睡衣躺在家中時，

I got a phone call, and it was my beloved former husband,

我親愛的前夫打電話給我，

and he said on a voice mail,

他在電話留言中說：

"Loved one ...

親愛的…

what is happening to you is not OK."

他們對你所做的事，絕對不能接受。

And there was something about him taking a stand for me that night ...

就是因為他在當晚給我的支持，

that allowed me to take a stand for myself.

讓我決定挺身而出。

And I started to write.

於是我開始寫出個人經歷。

I started to write about sharing the fact

分享一些不為人知的事實，

that I'm a survivor of all forms of sexual abuse,

例如我曾遭遇過不同形式的性侵，

including three rapes.

其中包括三次被強暴。

And the hate speech I get in response to that --

之後我收到這些仇恨留言，

these are just some of the comments posted to news outlets.

這些都已經在各大傳媒被報導出來。

Being told I'm a "snitch" is really fun.

這些言論說我以「踢爆別人」為樂。

[Jay: She enjoyed every second of it!!!!!]

【傑伊：她享受被性侵的每一刻！！！】

Audience: Oh, Lord Jesus.

觀眾：求主憐憫。

Ashley Judd: Thank you, Jesus. May your grace and mercy shine.

艾希莉．賈德：感謝主，榮耀歸於你。

So, I wrote this feminist op-ed, it is entitled,

於是我寫了一篇 從女性主義角度出發的評論，

"Forget Your Team:

主題為：「與球隊無關」。

It Is Your Online Gender Violence Toward Girls And Women

副標題是：「因為你們在網路欺凌女性，

That Can Kiss My Righteous Ass."

所以我要教訓你們。」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And I did that alone, and I published it alone,

評論由我親自執筆、親自發佈，

because my chief advisor said,

因為我的首席顧問勸我：

"Please don't,

「拜託不要發佈，

the rain of retaliatory garbage that is inevitable --

往後的報復一定排山倒海而來──

I fear for you."

我為你擔心。」

But I trust girls and I trust women,

但我對廣大的女性同胞有信心，

and I trust our allies.

對我們的男性盟友有信心。

It was published, it went viral,

評論發佈後被熱烈轉載，

it proves that every single day

這證明我們每一天

online misogyny is a phenomenon endured by us all,

都在忍受網路仇女現象的毒害，

all over the world,

在世界各地都是如此；

and when it is intersectional,

當仇女風氣結合其他歪風，

it is worse.

情況變得更糟糕。

Sexual orientation, gender identity,

性取向、性別歧視、

race, ethnicity, religion --

種族歧視、宗教歧視…

you name it,

林林總總，

it amplifies the violence endured by girls and women,

進化後的仇女風氣 具有更大的殺傷力，

and for our younger girls, it is worse.

特別是對於年輕女性。

It's clearly traumatizing.

造成的精神損害顯而易見。

Our mental health, our emotional well-being

女性的精神健康和情緒穩定

are so gravely affected

遭受到嚴重衝擊，

because the threat of violence

因為性暴力威脅

is experienced neurobiologically as violence.

在神經層面上已等同於實際暴力。

The cortisol shoots up, the limbic system gets fired,

會造成腎上腺皮質醇升高， 淋巴系統受壓迫，

we lose productivity at work.

工作效率也大幅降低。

And let's talk about work.

關於工作方面，

Our ability to work is constrained.

受威脅的女性在求職時會遇到困難。

Online searches of women applying for jobs reveal nude pictures of them,

在網上搜索求職女性的資料時， 可能會出現受害女性的裸照，

false allegations they have STDs,

關於她們患上性病的謠言，

their addresses indicating that they are available for sex

以及她們的住址， 會讓人以為可發生性行為；

with real examples

實際發生的案例是 真的有人會上門要求性服務。

of people showing up at this house for said sex.

Our ability to go to school is impaired.

受害女性在求學過程也遇到困難。

96 percent of all postings

在網路上發佈的年輕人淫褻照片中

of sexual images of our young people ...

有 96% 是以女性為主角。

girls.

Our girls.

是我們的女兒。

Our boys are two to three times more likely --

未得照片主角同意在網上分享照片的

nonconsensually --

男生比女生多出二至三倍。

to share images.

And I want to say a word about revenge porn.

接著我要談的是 關於報復性裸照的議題。

Part of what came out of this tweet

自從我的推文事件發生後，

was my getting connected with allies and other activists

我跟一眾志同道合之士合作，

who are fighting for a safe and free internet.

致力於締造一個 既自由又安全的網路環境。

We started something called the Speech Project;

我們發起了一個「言論計劃」，

curbing abuse, expanding freedom.

打擊欺凌，擴展自由。

And that website provides a critical forum,

「言論計劃」網站 是一個重要的平台，

because there is no global, legal thing

由於目前尚未有個全球通用的法律

to help us figure this out.

能協助我們打擊報復性裸照。

But we do provide on that website a standardized list of definitions,

但我們在網站上，有系統地列出 各種報復性裸照的定義，

because it's hard to attack a behavior in the right way

大家對於報復性裸照定義缺乏共識， 就很難正確地打擊這種行為。

if we're not all sharing a definition of what that behavior is.

And I learned that revenge porn is often dangerously misapplied.

我發現報復性裸照經常被嚴重誤解。

It is the nonconsensual sharing of an image

它的定義是：在未經當事人同意下，

used tactically to shame and humiliate a girl or woman

蓄意藉由分享女性的裸照，

that attempts to pornography us.

來達到羞辱女性的目的。

Our natural sexuality is --

不知道大家怎麼想， 但與生俱來的性生活應是愉快美好。

I don't know about yours -- pretty gorgeous and wonderful.

And my expressing it does not pornography make.

我談論性行為並不等同淫褻。

(Applause)

（喝采聲）

So, I have all these resources

我所掌握的資源，

that I'm keenly aware so many people in the world do not.

我強烈地意識到是很多人所沒有的，

I was able to start the Speech Project with colleagues.

所以我才能和團隊發起「言論計劃」。

I can often get a social media company's attention.

我能得到社交媒體業者的注意。

I have a wonderful visit to Facebook HQ coming up.

我即將有機會能拜訪臉書的總公司。

Hasn't helped the idiotic reporting standards yet ...

我並沒有按既定程序，檢舉裸照──

I actually pay someone to scrub my social media feeds,

而是僱用專人徹底清理這些裸照，

attempting to spare my brain

為的是讓自己清靜一下，

the daily iterations of the trauma of hate speech.

以免受到日以繼夜的仇恨言論轟炸。

And guess what?

但是這種自救行為

I get hate speech for that.

反而惹來另一種攻擊：

"Oh, you live in an echo chamber."

「妳在搞一言堂。」

Well, guess what?

他們有所不知。

Having someone post a photograph of me with my mouth open

當有人刊登一幅 我張著嘴巴的照片，

saying they "can't wait to cum on my face,"

底下留言寫着： 「趕快射在我臉上吧！」

I have a right to set that boundary.

我當然有權設下這些保護措施。

(Applause)

（喝采聲）

And this distinction between virtual and real is specious

把虛擬和真實分開其實似是而非，

because guess what --

信不信由你，

that actually happened to me once when I was a child,

那段說我享受性侵的推文， 勾起我童年被性侵的傷痛，

and so that tweet brought up that trauma,

and I had to do work on that.

我還在努力處理。

But you know what we do? We take all of this hate speech,

我的辦法就是把這一連串仇恨言論，

and we disaggregate it,

分門別類之後

and we code it,

進行分析，

and we give that data

並且作成一個資料庫，

so that we understand the intersectionality of it:

用以了解仇恨言論的交互特性：

when I get porn,

收到淫照時，

when it's about political affiliation,

哪些內容是攻擊我的政治取向？

when it's about age, when it's about all of it.

哪些攻擊我的年齡？ 哪些內容全方位攻擊？

We're going to win this fight.

我們一定能在這場戰爭中勝利。

There are a lot of solutions --

辦法各式各樣都有，

thank goodness.

感謝各位。

I'm going to offer just a few,

以下是我的一點意見，

and of course I challenge you to create and contribute your own.

希望大家一起建議更多辦法。

Number one: we have to start with digital media literacy,

第一個方法： 要從數位媒體素養做起，

and clearly it must have a gendered lens.

並且必須加上性別平權的觀點。

Kids, schools, caregivers, parents:

學校和家長合力培養兒童有關素質，

it's essential.

這是非常重要的。

Two ...

第二個方法：

shall we talk about our friends in tech?

就是告訴我們的資訊科技界朋友，

Said with dignity and respect,

不卑不亢地表明，

the sexism in your workplaces must end.

停止在你們工作場域的性別歧視。

(Applause)

（喝采、鼓掌聲）

(Cheers)

EDGE,

事實上，

the global standard for gender equality,

達到兩性平等的國際標準，

is the minimum standard.

已是企業最起碼要做到的。

And guess what, Silicon Valley?

矽谷又是如何呢？

If L'Oréal in India,

如果巴黎萊雅能在印度、

in the Philippines, in Brazil

菲律賓、巴西

and in Russia can do it,

以及俄羅斯的分公司做到，

you can, too.

你們也做得到。

Enough excuses.

別再找藉口不做了。

Only when women have critical mass in every department at your companies,

只有當女性在公司各大部門 佔有關鍵性的比例，

including building platforms from the ground up,

包括在企業各階層 建立發表意見平台，

will the conversations about priorities and solutions change.

企業的決策才有可能改變。

And more love for my friends in tech:

還有一項給資訊科技界的溫馨提示：

profiteering off misogyny in video games must end.

網路遊戲中的仇女元素必須消失。

I'm so tired of hearing you talk to me at cocktail parties --

我已沒有耐性聽你們在派對告訴我──

like you did a couple weeks ago in Aspen --

正如你們數星期前在極限運動會──

about how deplorable #Gamergate was,

談論女性電玩設計師被性騷擾一事，

when you're still making billions of dollars off games

同時卻開發 任由玩家虐待女性角色的遊戲，

that maim and dump women for sport.

更藉著這些遊戲，口袋賺得飽飽。

Basta! -- as the Italians would say.

正如義大利人所說的：Basta！

Enough.

夠了。

(Applause)

（喝采聲）

Our friends in law enforcement have much to do,

執法部門的朋友也要負起責任，

because we've seen

因為我們已經看見，

that online violence is an extension of in-person violence.

網路暴力往往是身體暴力的延伸。

In our country,

在美國，

more girls and women have been murdered by their intimate partners

被親密伴侶殺害的女性死亡人數，

than died on 9/11

比 911 恐怖攻擊的還要多。

and have died since in Afghanistan and Iraq combined.

比阿富汗、伊拉克戰爭 加起來的死亡人數更多。

And it's not cool to say that,

聽起來很匪夷所思，

but it is true.

卻是千真萬確。

We care so much geopolitically about what men are doing over there

我們經常關心身處海外戰亂地區的 男女老少生命安全。

to women over there ...

In 2015,

在 2015 年，

72,828 women used intimate partner violence services in this country.

美國就有 72,828 名成年女性 因家庭暴力而求助。

That is not counting the girls and women and boys who needed them.

這還不包括女孩、男孩 以及沒有求助的成年女性。

Law enforcement must be empowered

執法部門必須有更多的權力，

with up-to-date internet technology,

引入尖端資訊科技，

the devices and an understanding of these platforms --

不只購置硬體裝備， 更要了解各種網路平台，

how they work.

了解它們如何運作。

The police wanted to be helpful when Amanda Hess called

女記者雅曼達．赫斯收到死亡恐嚇推文， 當時警方也想積極保護她，

about the death threat she was getting on Twitter,

but they couldn't really when they said,

結果卻是愛莫能助。 因為警察問：「推特是甚麼？」

"What's Twitter?"

Our legislators must write and pass astute legislation

議員必須草擬並通過高瞻遠矚的法案、

that reflects today's technology

法案要反映資訊科技現況，

and our notions of free and hate speech.

反映我們對言論自由 和仇恨言論的理解。

In New York recently, the law could not be applied to a perpetrator

紐約州現行誹謗法律， 並不適用於仇恨言論，

because the crimes must have been committed --

因為法例規定那些言論──

even if it was anonymous --

即使是匿名發表的──

they must have been committed by telephone, in mail,

必須以電話、書信， 或是電報形式呈現。

by telegraph --

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

The language must be technologically neutral.

法律條文必須與科技發展與時俱進。

So apparently,

你們看得出，

I've got a pretty bold voice.

我一向理直氣壯。

So, let's talk about our friends ...

不如談談我們的好朋友…

white men.

白人男性。

You have a role to play and a choice to make.

你們擔當重要角色，並有權選擇，

You can do something,

是要貢獻一分力量，

or you can do nothing.

或者是袖手旁觀。

We're cool in this room,

現在這裡氣氛還算和諧， 但演說完畢後，任何人都會說：

but when this goes out, everyone will say,

"Oh my God, she's a reverse racist."

「我的天啊！ 她替少數族裔歧視白人。」

That quote was said by a white man, Robert Moritz,

這句話是一位白人男性說的， 資誠主席羅伯特．莫理茲，

chairperson, PricewaterhouseCoopers,

he asked me to include it in my talk.

他要求我把這句加入演說中。

We need to grow support lines and help groups,

我們必須設立 更多求助熱線及支援團體，

so victims can help each other

讓受害者互相扶持，

when their lives and finances have been derailed.

渡過生活和財政難關。

We must as individuals disrupt gender violence as it is happening.

所有人必須合力制止 針對女性的暴力，

92 percent of young people

29 歲以下的年輕人當中， 有 92% 曾目睹這種暴力。

29 and under witness it.

72 percent of us have witnessed it.

全國有 72% 的民眾 曾經目睹同樣行為。

We must have the courage and urgency

我們必須鼓起勇氣、義不容辭，

to practice stopping it as it is unfolding.

先發制人， 阻止對於女性的暴力行為。

And lastly,

最後，

believe her.

相信她。

Believe her.

相信她。

(Applause)

（喝采聲、鼓掌聲）

This is fundamentally a problem of human interaction.

互信是人際關係的基礎，

And as I believe that human interaction is at the core of our healing,

人際關係正是治癒心理創傷的核心，

trauma not transformed will be trauma transferred.

未治癒的傷痛會傳給他人。

Edith Wharton said, "The end is latent in the beginning,"

伊迪絲．華頓說過： 「結局已在開端若隱若現。」

so we are going to end this talk replacing hate speech with love speech.

演說結束前 就讓關愛言論代替仇恨言論。

Because I get lonely in this,

我孤身作戰，

but I know that we are allies.

但幸得盟友相伴。

I recently learned

我最近明白到，

about how gratitude and affirmations offset negative interactions.

凡事感恩、得到朋友肯定， 可抵銷負面經歷。

It takes five of those to offset one negative interaction,

五段正面經歷 才可抵銷一段負面經歷，

and gratitude in particular --

尤其是感恩──

free, available globally any time, anywhere,

無論何時何地、說何種語言， 任何人都可以心懷感恩──

to anyone in any dialect --

it fires the pregenual anterior cingulate,

感恩可刺激大腦的前扣帶迴，

a watershed part of the brain

這個部分是左右腦的交界，

that floods it with great, good stuff.

被刺激後會釋出大量有益物質。

So I'm going to say awesome stuff about myself.

讓我說一些鼓勵自己的話。

I would like for you to reflect it back to me.

希望大家回應我的說話，

It might sound something like this --

讓我示範一下。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

I am a powerful and strong woman, and you would say, "Yes, you are."

當我說：「我是女中豪傑。」 你們就回答：「是的，你就是。」

Audience: Yes, you are.

觀眾：是的，你就是。

Ashley Judd: My mama loves me.

艾希莉．賈德：我的媽媽愛我。

A: Yes, she does.

觀眾：是的，她愛妳。

AJ: I did a great job with my talk.

艾希莉．賈德：我的演說棒極了。

A: Yes, you did.

觀眾：是的，棒極了。

AJ: I have a right to be here.

艾希莉．賈德：我有權活在世上。

A: Yes, you do.

觀眾：是的，你有。

AJ: I'm really cute.

艾希莉．賈德：我很可愛。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

A: Yes, you are.

觀眾：是的，妳很可愛。

AJ: God does good work.

艾希莉．賈德：上帝做好事。

A: Yes, He does.

觀眾：是的，祂有。

AJ: And I love you.

艾希莉．賈德：我愛大家。

Thank you so much for letting me be of service.

感謝大家讓我作出貢獻。

Bless you.

願主祝福你們。

(Applause)

（喝采聲）