The Truth about Yeast in Your Body | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter | TED

As an OB-GYN who specializes in vulvovaginal disorders,

翻译人员: Yip Yan Yeung 校对人员: Jacky He

作为一名专攻外阴疾病的 妇产科医生，

I hear a lot of myths about vaginal yeast infections,

我听过很多关于 阴道酵母菌感染的传言，

and the one that just won't go away is that they're linked to too much sugar

其中流传甚广的是这种疾病和 你饮食中的过量糖分摄入

in your diet.

密不可分。

[Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter]

[珍·冈特（Jen Gunter）医生的 身体秘密节目]

On the surface, the idea sounds plausible.

这个说法乍一听很有道理。

After all, sugar is a food source --

毕竟糖分是一种能量来源，

not just for us, but also for yeast and bacteria.

不仅对我们而言， 对酵母和细菌也是如此。

So if we eat more sugar, we're feeding the yeast.

如果我们摄入更多糖分， 我们也在喂养酵母。

And there are studies

有研究表明

that show yeast infections are more common in people with diabetes,

酵母菌感染 在糖尿病患者中更为常见，

who can have higher levels of sugar in their blood.

而糖尿病患者的血糖值偏高。

But the truth is,

但是事实是，

the sugar consumption-yeast connection is a myth for most,

糖分摄入和酵母菌的关联， 这个广为流传的谣言

perpetuated both by well-meaning but ill-informed health care professionals

由好心但消息不准确的 专业医护人员助长，

as well as purveyors of snake oil --

也被蛇油商人散布——

you know, the ones who want to sell you cleanses,

那些想给你推销排毒剂、

diets and books designed to help you get rid of all the yeast.

食谱和书籍， 让你摆脱全部酵母菌的人。

The first thing you need to know

首先你需要知道

is that yeast is normally found in the vagina.

酵母菌通常存在于阴道中。

At some point in a given year,

有一项研究估计，

one study estimates that 70 percent of people

在一年里的任何时间，70% 的女性

will have yeast in their vagina,

阴道里会有酵母菌，

just hanging out in the microbiome and causing no symptoms.

在微生物群系内待着， 也不会造成任何症状。

And secondly, sugar is normally found in the vagina.

第二，阴道里通常也有糖分。

After all, that's what also feeds the good bacteria.

毕竟糖分也是有益菌的食物。

It's the overgrowth of this yeast that's already there

原先酵母菌的增生

才是症状出现的罪魁祸首，

that produces symptoms

and results in what we call a yeast infection.

导致我们所知的“酵母菌感染”。

One theory for the sugar-yeast connection

关于糖分和酵母菌之间的关联， 有一个理论是

is that the source of the yeast is actually in the gut,

酵母菌的源头其实在肠道，

and that a high-sugar diet feeds this yeast,

高糖的饮食会滋养酵母菌，

which makes it overgrow, and then it gets into the vagina.

让它过度生长，蔓延至阴道。

But there's no credible data to support this.

但是这一理论 并没有可靠的数据支撑。

Another theory is that eating more sugar

另一个理论是摄入更多的糖分

causes sugar levels in the vagina to rise,

会导致阴道中的含糖量升高，

thus feeding the yeast.

于是培养了酵母菌。

But it doesn't.

但是并不会如此。

And yes, someone actually studied this.

没错，有人研究了这一理论。

Researchers gave people,

研究人员给受试者——

some with a history of vaginal yeast infections

部分有阴道酵母菌感染病史，

and others without,

其余没有——

a drink containing a lot of sugar or glucose.

提供了一杯含有大量糖分 或葡萄糖的饮料，

Their blood and vaginal sugar levels were measured before and after the drink.

在饮用前后分别测量了 其血糖和阴道含糖量。

They found that the sugar levels in the vaginal secretions didn't change

他们发现，无论哪一组， 阴道分泌物的含糖量都未发生变化。

for either group.

But what about diabetes?

和糖尿病的关联呢？

Now we know diabetes is associated

我们知道，糖尿病

with an increased risk of vaginal yeast infections,

与阴道酵母菌感染的 风险增加有关，

but the actual reason why isn't known.

但是实际原因未知。

While very elevated glucose levels might be part of it,

虽然过高的葡萄糖含量 可能是原因之一，

it seems the immune system and other factors

免疫系统和其他因素

may also be playing a role.

也有可能参与其中。

There is a newer class of diabetes medications

有一种新的糖尿病药物

that causes people to dump a lot of sugar into their urine

会使人体把糖分排入尿液，

as a way to lower blood sugar.

借此降低血糖。

The massive amounts of sugar in the urine

尿液中的大量糖分

can cause yeast infections on the vulva

会导致外阴被酵母菌感染，

as the vulva is being bathed

因为外阴被浸润在了

in levels of sugar it didn't evolve to handle.

它没有足够能力 处理的大量糖分中。

But unless you have diabetes,

但是除非你有糖尿病，

there is no link between eating sugar and yeast infections.

摄入糖分和酵母菌感染 就没有任何关系。

So ignore the so-called influencers.

不要听那些所谓的网红扯谈。

It’s fine to enjoy a slice of cake now and then.

偶尔吃块蛋糕也问题不大。

And definitely skip the cleanses.

也不要去排毒了。