Why doctors are offering free tax prep in their waiting rooms | Lucy Marcil
50,849 views ・ 2018-08-20
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翻译人员: jacks peng
校对人员: Yolanda Zhang
00:12
How many of you have had
your doctor ask you about sex?
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你们当中多少人被医生问过性生活问题?
00:16
Your mental health?
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心理健康问题?
00:18
Alcohol use?
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饮酒问题?
00:19
These questions are almost universal.
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这些问题大都很常见。
00:22
But how many of you have had
your doctor ask you about money?
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但有多少人被医生问过关于金钱的问题?
00:27
Most of us haven't.
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大多数人是没有的。
00:29
But that is strange, because
compared to most high-income countries,
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这挺奇怪的,因为和
大多数高收入国家比起来,
00:33
child poverty is an epidemic
in the United States.
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美国儿童贫困现象却很常见。
00:38
It creates conditions that may elevate
stress hormone levels
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这导致儿童应激激素水平升高,
00:42
and impair brain development.
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从而阻碍大脑发育。
00:44
Poor children in the US are one and a half
times more likely to die
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和美国中等收入家庭的孩子比起来,
美国贫困儿童死亡的
00:50
and twice as likely to be hospitalized
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可能性要高出1.5倍,
生病住院的可能性也高出两倍。
00:53
as their middle-class counterparts.
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00:55
So my colleague Dr. Michael Hole
and I started asking moms about money.
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因此,我和我的同事麦克霍尔医生
开始询问起母亲们的经济状况。
01:03
We knew we needed to reimagine
what a doctor's visit looks like,
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我们知道,我们需要重塑就医体验,
01:07
to get kids out of poverty
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帮助儿童摆脱贫困,
01:08
and to give them a fair shot
at a healthy life.
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给他们一个平等的机会,过上健康的生活。
01:13
Our questions led
to a surprising solution:
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我们的询问最终得出了一个
令人吃惊的解决方案:
01:16
tax credits.
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税收抵免。
01:17
It turns out, the earned income
tax credit, or EITC,
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结果发现,所得税抵免,即EITC,
01:22
is the best poverty prescription
we have in the US.
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是美国当下最好的缓解贫困的药方。
01:26
The average mom gets two to three
thousand dollars a year from it.
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每年每位母亲可从中获得两到三千美元。
01:31
When families get it,
moms and babies are healthier:
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有了这笔钱后,母亲和她们的
孩子就会变得更健康:
01:34
fewer depressed moms,
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更少的母亲会患上抑郁症,
01:36
babies weighing more at birth.
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更多的婴儿在出生时体重更高。
01:38
But one out of five families
who could get it doesn't,
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但有1/5本可以得到这笔钱的
家庭却并没有得到,
01:43
and most who do
lose of hundreds of dollars
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还有大多数家庭会多花费几百美元
01:46
to the for-profit
tax-preparation industry.
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给那些收费的报税公司。
01:51
One day, a mom asked us
why we couldn't do her taxes
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有一天,一位母亲问我们为什么不能
01:55
while she waited for the doctor.
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在她候诊时帮她报税。
01:56
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
01:57
We all know that purgatory.
Why not make good use of that time?
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我们都知道那段时间很难熬,
那么为什么不利用一下那段时间呢?
02:02
So we started StreetCred,
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于是我们成立了StreetCred,
02:04
an organization prescribing
tax preparation in clinics serving kids.
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一个在儿童诊所提供报税服务的组织。
02:09
This is a brand-new approach
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这是一种全新的方式,
02:11
and one that left some
questioning our sanity.
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有很多人怀疑我们是不是疯了。
02:15
After all, we're doctors, not accountants.
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毕竟,我们是医生,不是会计。
02:17
But we have something accountants don't:
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但是我们有会计没有的东西:
02:21
access to families.
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与家庭的沟通。
02:24
Over 90 percent of kids in the US
see a doctor at least once a year.
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在美国,有超过90%的
儿童每年至少看一次医生。
02:29
Their parents trust us
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他们的父母相信我们,
02:31
and will do anything
to give them a better life.
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为了获得更好的生活,
他们愿意付出所有。
02:36
Doctors in every clinic around the country
could be doing this work, too --
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全国各地诊所的医生们也可以这样做,
02:40
it's simple, really.
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这真的很简单。
02:42
The hospital registers
as a tax-preparation site,
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医院先注册成为提供税务服务的地点,
02:44
and everyone, from medical
students to retirees,
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并且每个人,不管是
医学专业的学生,还是已经退休的人,
02:48
can volunteer as a tax preparer
after passing an IRS exam.
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都可以在通过国税局考试后,
作为志愿者从事报税活动。
02:53
It's not as hard as it sounds, I promise.
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实际上没有听起来那么难,我保证。
02:56
I certainly never thought
I would be doing other people's taxes,
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我之前从来没想过我会帮别人报税,
02:59
but here I am.
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但我现在在做了。
03:01
We're nearing the end of our third year.
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我们做这件事马上就满三年了。
03:05
In the first two, we returned
1.6 million dollars
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在前两年里,我们光在波士顿
03:09
to 750 families in Boston alone.
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就帮助750个家庭获得了160万美元退税。
03:12
This year --
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今年——
03:14
(Applause)
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(掌声)
03:19
This year, we've expanded
to nine sites in four states.
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今年,我们的服务
将扩展至4个州的9个网点。
03:23
Sixty-three percent of our families
have never heard of the EITC.
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我们接触的家庭中有63%
都没有听说过所得税抵免。
03:28
How can you claim something
you haven't heard of?
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如果听都没听过,
你怎么可能去行使权利呢?
03:32
And half have never used
free tax preparation.
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一半的家庭从没享受过免费报税服务。
03:35
That two to three thousand dollars a year
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每年2,000到3,000美元的数目
03:38
goes a long way.
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能提供很大的帮助。
03:40
Take hunger.
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拿饥饿举个例子。
03:41
An adequately nutritious, low-cost diet
for a mom and two young kids
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一份够一位母亲,两个孩子吃的,
营养丰富价格便宜的饭菜,
03:46
costs 477 dollars a month.
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一个月要花费477美元。
03:50
With EITC money, that family
can eat for five to six months.
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而通过所得税抵免获得的钱,
能支撑每个家庭5到6个月的食品开销。
03:54
Or think about medical care.
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再拿医疗服务举个例子。
03:56
Twenty million children in the US
lack access to care
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美国有2,000万儿童没有接受过
04:00
meeting modern pediatric standards.
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现代儿科标准医疗服务。
04:04
And yet, the average cost of that care
is only 400 dollars per kid per year.
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然而,这样的服务每年每个孩子
平均只要花费400美元。
04:11
EITC money can help fix
this access problem.
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所得税抵免能帮助解决这些问题。
04:15
Perhaps most powerfully of all,
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可能最重要的是,
04:17
this money gives moms hope.
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这笔钱能给母亲们带来希望。
04:20
One mom used her refund
for her son to study abroad in Spain.
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一位母亲用这笔钱来
让她的儿子去西班牙留学。
04:25
She was struggling to pay her rent,
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她付房租都有困难,
04:27
but she saw EITC money
as his shot at a better future.
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但她将所得税抵免看作是能
给儿子带来光明未来的机会。
04:32
We have an opportunity,
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作为医生,作为公民,
04:33
as doctors and as citizens,
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我们有机会
04:36
to get to the root of this problem.
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去找到问题的根源。
04:38
We can reimagine health care
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我们可以将医疗服务
04:40
as a place addressing
the causes of poor health,
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重塑为一个根治健康问题的地方,
04:44
be it infections
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不管其背后的原因是感染,
04:45
or finances.
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还是经济问题。
04:47
Thank you.
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谢谢。
04:48
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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