How we can use the hiring process to bring out the best in people | The Way We Work, a TED series

Transcriber: TED Translators Admin Reviewer: Ivana Korom

A traditional job interview

翻译人员: Jiaxuan Yang 校对人员: psjmz mz

传统意义上的工作面试

is basically a one-sided, high pressure interrogation,

可以说是单向的高强度讯问，

almost guaranteed to create

基本上都会造成

significant psychological strain.

很大的心理压力。

Ironically, such stressful procedures

讽刺的是，这些压力

can totally obscure a person's true potential

让人无法展示出自己 真实的能力与潜力，

causing us to overlook a lot of people

导致我们错过了许多

who could be great employees.

本可以成为优秀员工的人。

We need a different way to interview and screen candidates.

我们需要一个不同的方式 来面试和筛选候选人——

One that will reveal hidden potential and talent.

一种得以发现其潜力和天赋的方式。

[The Way We Work]

【我们的工作方式】

[Made possible with the support of Dropbox]

【由 Dropbox 倾情赞助】

Twelve years ago, I founded CY,

十二年前，我成立了 CY 公司，

an outsource call center

一个人员配备和管理

staffed and managed entirely by underdogs.

完全由弱势群体负责的 外包呼叫中心。

More than half of our hundreds of employees

数百名员工中有超过一半

are severely disabled.

都是重度残疾的人。

Others come from other disadvantaged populations

其他人则来自其它弱势群体，

or just suffer from anxiety,

他们或患有焦虑症、

low self-esteem and lack of confidence.

自卑、缺乏自信。

The problem I needed to solve when we started out was

首先我们要解决的问题是，

that traditional interviewing and screening,

传统的面试和筛选，

especially for entry-level positions,

特别是对于初级职位，

are totally biased towards people

完全偏向于那些能在

who function well under intense stress.

巨大压力下出色工作的人。

Now, if you're screening for Navy SEALS, I totally get it,

如果你在面试海豹突击队， 我完全能够理解，

but the capacity to function under duress

但是，如果实际工作是 整理货架或折叠 T 恤，

is totally irrelevant if the actual job is stocking shelves

那么在压力下工作的能力 就完全无关紧要了，

or folding T-shirts, unless of course it's Black Friday.

当然，除非是在“黑色星期五” （注：感恩节促销日）。

Clara is a classic example.

克拉拉就是一个典型的例子。 【传统工作面试只能将

We met in CY's early days

早前我们在 CY 第一次见面， 预测新员工工作表现的能力

while she was waiting for her job interview.

那时她正等待面试。 提高 8%】

Clara was 25 years old, had cerebral palsy

克拉拉那时 25 岁，患有脑瘫，

and used a walker.

需要借助助步器行走。

She seemed quite nervous,

她看起来很紧张，

but she was likable, intelligent and talkative.

但她讨人喜欢、聪明、健谈。

And yet just a short while later,

然而过了一会儿，

her interviewer told me that she had totally failed,

面试官告诉我，她被淘汰了，

that she couldn't string two words together.

因为她不能把两个单词拼在一起。

The screening philosophy

这种“考察应聘者最不擅长的东西”的

of "let's pick our employees by viewing them at their worst,"

筛选哲学，

not only overlooks disabled people

不仅忽略了残疾人， 而且忽略了那些

but anyone whose shine is diminished under harsh pressure.

因被高压而遮蔽光芒的人。

We developed the reverse screening process

因此，我们提出了反向筛选流程，

to find potential.

来寻找有潜力的人才。

And as the name implies,

顾名思义，

we go about things practically the opposite way

我们的筛选方式跟传统的筛选机制

traditional approaches do.

完全相反。

In a nutshell, if you want to assess a candidate's true potential,

简而言之，如果你想评估 候选人真正的潜力，

see how they function at their best, not their worst,

看他们最佳状态下的表现， 而非糟糕时的表现，

对我们大多人而言，这刚好 就发生在我们感到平静和放松，

which for most of us is when we're calm and relaxed,

not stressed and anxious.

而非紧张和焦虑的时候。

So build screening procedures specifically tailored

所以，要构建能让候选人

to help candidates feel

感到尽可能舒服的

as emotionally comfortable as possible.

筛选流程。

Three examples how you can achieve that.

有三个例子可以说明 如何实现这个目的。

Lower anxiety and insecurity.

【缓解焦虑和不安全感】

Start out by losing the whole interrogation vibe.

首先是从丢弃 整个“审讯氛围”开始。

Rather, interviewers should view themselves as hosts,

而是，面试官应该把自己视为主人，

be friendly and welcoming.

要友善、热情。

Choose an environment that's conducive

选择一个有利于使面试人

to putting a candidate at ease,

放松的环境，

like making your interview room look like a living room.

让面试的房间像 家里的客厅一样。

People are most confident discussing things

人们讨论自己知识渊博、

about which they are knowledgeable and passionate.

充满激情的事情时最自信。

So we ask candidates to fill out a short questionnaire

所以我们会要求候选人 填一个关于他们爱好的

about their hobbies,

简短问卷，

and we start out the interview by discussing those

然后我们的面试 会从这些信息入手，

so that candidates could bring forth their verbal skills,

这样候选人就可以展现 他们的语言表达能力、

strengths and personality.

优点和个性。

Assess skills in everyday life situations

在候选人熟悉的日常环境中 【提供熟悉的背景信息】

with which the candidates are familiar.

评估技能。

For instance, sales positions require the ability to use persuasion.

例如，销售职位 需要的能力是说服力。

So ask the candidate to role play

所以我们会要求候选人 进行角色扮演，

how they would persuade a neighbor

看他如何说服邻居

to pay an extra maintenance fee

支付大厅装修的

for the renovations of their lobby.

额外维护费。

Looking for tough, full-throttle negotiations?

想要个艰难的、 全力以赴的谈判环境？

Ask the candidate to describe

那就让候选人描述

how they would persuade a teenager

他们如何说服小朋友

to not look at their phone during a family dinner.

不要在家庭聚餐时看手机。

Help them move beyond the stuck points

帮助他们走出困境， 【提供提示信息】

to see how they adapt and learn.

看他们如何适应和学习。

In the reverse screening process,

在反向筛选过程中，

we offer candidates three lifelines.

我们给候选人三次机会。

We call it "Who Wants to Be an Employee?"

我们叫它“谁想被雇用？”

If the candidate asks for a hint,

如果候选人想要一个提示的话，

the interviewer will model a few correct arguments

面试官会示范一些正确的论点，

and ask the candidate to role play the scenario

并让应聘者扮演其中的角色，

to see how convincingly they absorb and convey those points.

看看他们如何令人信服地 吸收并传达这些观点。

Finding people's true potential makes for happier,

发现人们的真正潜力 可以让公司和员工更幸福、

more diverse, and more successful companies and employees.

更多样化、更成功。

Remember Clara? We hired her.

还记得克拉拉吗？我们雇用了她。

She gradually improved

她的能力不断提高，

until she hit her targets of calls per hour,

最终达成了每小时的 工作通话目标，

and then she kept on getting better.

后来她变得越来越优秀。

And nowadays Clara gives talks

如今，克拉拉经常在演讲中 谈起多少年来，

about how many years ago no one, including herself,

没有一个人，包括她自己

believed she had any potential at all.

会认为她有任何潜力。

A job is so much more than a paycheck,

工作的意义不仅仅在于薪水的多少，

especially for marginalized populations.

尤其对那些被边缘化的人群而言。

By finding and hiring those you might otherwise overlook,

发现并雇用那些 你可能会忽略的人，

you will not only benefit your own company,

不仅会给你自己的公司带来利益，

you will literally transform people's lives.

而且会改变人们的生活。

The opportunity to win with underdogs is all around you.

让弱者成功的机会无处不在。

Make sure to grab it.

请牢牢抓住它。