Mikko Hypponen: Fighting viruses, defending the net

Translator: Ahmed Kadiye Reviewer: Ahmed Kadiye

I love the Internet.

waan jeclahay Internetka

It's true.

waa xaqiiq

Think about everything it has brought us.

ka fikir wax walboo ay noo keentay

Think about all the services we use,

ka fikir adeegyada aan isticmaalno

all the connectivity,

dhamaan xiriiryadaas

all the entertainment,

Maaweelooyinkaas dhan

all the business, all the commerce.

iyo Dhamaan howlaha ganacsiga iyo iibka

And it's happening during our lifetimes.

Taasina waxay dhacdaa inta aan noolnahay

I'm pretty sure that one day

Anigu waxaan hubaa in maalin

we'll be writing history books

Buugaagta Taariikhda ay qori doonto

hundreds of years from now. This time

Boqolaal sano hada kadib

our generation will be remembered

Waqtigaan, Jiilkeena waxaa lagu soo xasuusan doonaa

as the generation that got online,

Jiilkii ku wada xariiray Internetka

the generation

Jiilkaasoo

that built something really and truly global.

dhisay wax Run ahaantii Caalami ah

But yes, it's also true

Laakiin haa, sidoo kale waa sax

that the Internet has problems, very serious problems,

Internetka waxa uu wajahayaa Dhibaatooyin, Dhibaatooyin adag

problems with security

Dhibaatooyin Xagga Nabad galyada.

and problems with privacy.

iyo Dhibaatooyinka xaga waxyaabaha ugaarka ah Adeegsadaha internetka

I've spent my career

inta aan shaqeynaayay waxaan ku dhameystay

fighting these problems.

in aan la dagaalamo dhibaatooyinkaas

So let me show you something.

aan idin tusiyo waxyar

This here

kani

is Brain.

waa 'Brain'

This is a floppy disk

Cajaladaan ''floppy disk''-ga ah

-- five and a quarter-inch floppy disk

Cajalad 5 1⁄4 inji ah

infected by Brain.A.

waxaa kudhacay Viruska 'Brain. A'

It's the first virus we ever found

waa Virus-kii ugu horeeyay ee aan ku aragno

for PC computers.

Kambiyuutarada Shakhsiyeedka

And we actually know

Runtiina waan ognahay

where Brain came from.

meesha uu ka imaaday 'Brain'

We know because it says so

waan ognahay maxaa yeelay, asiga ayaa sheegaayo sidaas

inside the code.

''Code-ka'' dhexdiisa

Let's take a look.

aan fiirino

All right.

hagaag

That's the boot sector of an infected floppy,

qeybtaani waa qeybta ay kusoo kacayso Cajaladaan Virus-ka qabto

and if we take a closer look inside,

Hadaana si dhaw usii fiirino

we'll see that right there,

inta ayaan ku arkeynaa

it says, "Welcome to the dungeon."

''wuxuu leeyahay'' Kusoo dhawaada Xabsiga

And then it continues,

kadibna wuu sii wadayaa

saying, 1986, Basit and Amjad.

wuxuu leeyahay: 1986 Basit iyo Amjad

And Basit and Amjad are first names,

Basit iyo Amjadna waa Magacyo koowaad

Pakistani first names.

Magacyo Pakistaaniyiin

In fact, there's a phone number and an address in Pakistan.

Runtii, waxaa meesha kuyaala Telfoon iyo Address wadanka Pakistan ah

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

Now, 1986.

Hada 1986

Now it's 2011.

Hada waa 2011

That's 25 years ago.

Kaasi waxa uu ahaa 25 sano kahor

The PC virus problem is 25 years old now.

Dhibaatooyinka Virus-yada Kambiyuutarada way 25 sano jirsatay hada

So half a year ago,

sidaa daraadeed, Sanad iyo bar kahor

I decided to go to Pakistan myself.

waxaan go'aansaday in aan Pakistan aado

So let's see, here's a couple of photos I took while I was in Pakistan.

aan aragno sawiradaan aan kasoo qaaday markii aan halkaas tagay

This is from the city of Lahore,

halkani waa magaalada ''Lahore''

which is around 300 kilometers south

taasoo 300 km koonfur kajirta

from Abbottabad, where Bin Laden was caught.

''Abbottabad'' meeshii Bin Laaden lagu qabtay

Here's a typical street view.

sidaan ayay u muuqataa wadada

And here's the street or road leading to this building,

Jidkaana waa Jidka ku geynaayo dhismaha

which is 730 Nizam block at Allama Iqbal Town.

Guri lambar 730, Nizaam Block ee Magaalada Allama iqbal

And I knocked on the door.

albaabka ayaan garaacay

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

You want to guess who opened the door?

ma rabtaan in aad qiyaastaan qofka albaabka furay

Basit and Amjad; they are still there.

Basit iyo Amjad meeshaas ayay joogaan weli

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

(Applause)

(Sacab)

So here standing up is Basit.

Qofka istaagsan waa Basit

Sitting down is his brother Amjad.

Kan fadhiyana waa walaalkiis Amjad

These are the guys who wrote the first PC virus.

Kuwaani waa dadka qoray Virus-kii ugu horeeyay ee Kombiyuutarada

Now of course, we had a very interesting discussion.

Hada, Hagaag, waxaan galnay doodwadaag aad xiiso u leh

I asked them why.

waxaan weydiiyay Sabab?

I asked them how they feel about what they started.

waxaan weydiiyay dareenkooda ku aadan waxa ay bilaabeen

And I got some sort of satisfaction

kadibna waxaan helay Qanacsanaasho

from learning that both Basit and Amjad

markii aan ogaaday in labadoodaba (Basit iyo Amjad)

had had their computers infected dozens of times

Kombiyuutarooda uu virus ku dhacay, halmar wax kabadan

by completely unrelated other viruses

waxayna eheed virus-yo kale oo nooc kale ah

over these years.

sanadahaasi

So there is some sort of justice

marka waxaa jiro xoogaa cadaalad ah

in the world after all.

caalamka taasoo wax walba ka danbeyso.

Now, the viruses that we used to see

hada Virus-yada aan caadeesanay in aan aragno

in the 1980s and 1990s

sideetameeyadii iyo sagaashameeyadii

obviously are not a problem any more.

hada dhibaato ma ahan

So let me just show you a couple of examples

aan idin tusiyo tusaalooyin dhowr ah

of what they used to look like.

sideey u muuqdeen

What I'm running here

waxa aan hada shidaayo

is a system that enables me

waa system ii suuro galinaaya

to run age-old programs on a modern computer.

in barnaamijyo hore aan ku kiciyo kambiyuutaro casri ah

So let me just mount some drives. Go over there.

aan rakibo Drive-yo qaar ah, halkaan ayaan aadayaa

What we have here is a list of old viruses.

waxaan aan heesano waa liis virus-yo qadiimi ah

So let me just run some viruses on my computer.

qaar kamid ah aan ku kiciyo kombiyuutarkeyga

For example,

Tusaale ahaan

let's go with the Centipede virus first.

aan kicino Virus-kaan ''Farabadnaha'' ah marka hore

And you can see at the top of the screen,

waxaad ku arki kartaa shaashada meesha ugu korayso

there's a centipede scrolling across your computer

Farabadne ayaa kusocdo shaashada computerkaaga

when you get infected by this one.

markii tan ay kugu dhacdo

You know that you're infected

waad ogaaneysaa in ay kugu dhacday

because it actually shows up.

maxaa yeelay way soo muuqaneysaa.

Here's another one. This is the virus called Crash,

kani waa mid kale Virus la dhaho (Crash)

invented in Russia in 1992.

Ruushka ayaa lagu sameeyay 1992

Let me show you one which actually makes some sound.

aan idin tusiyo,mid cod leh.

(Siren noise)

(Cod Ambalaas)

And the last example,

tusaalaha ugu danbeeyo

guess what the Walker virus does?

qiyaas waxa uu sameynaayo viruskaan ( Socdo )

Yes, there's a guy walking across your screen

Haa, qof ayaa socdo shaashadaada dhexdeeda

once you get infected.

markii ay kugu dhacdo

So it used to be fairly easy to know

waxaa fududeed ah in aad ogaato

that you're infected by a virus,

in Virus uu kugu dhacay

when the viruses were written by hobbyists

Markii Viruska ay sameyn jireen dadka arimahaas ka hela

and teenagers.

iyo dad Da'yar

Today, they are no longer being written

Maanta, ma qoraan

by hobbyists and teenagers.

Da'yartaasi iyo dadkaas howlahaas jeclaaba

Today, viruses are a global problem.

Maanta, Virus-ku waa Dhibaato Caalami ah

What we have here in the background

meeshaan danbe waxaan heysanaa

is an example of our systems that we run in our labs,

tusaale Kambiyuutarada aan ku shidno Xarunteena dhexdeeda.

where we track virus infections worldwide.

meeshaasoo aan ku dabagalno dhibaatooyinka Virus-yada Caalamka

So we can actually see in real time

marka waxaan arki karnaa isla waqtigaas uu virus-ka soo baxo

that we've just blocked viruses in Sweden and Taiwan

waxaan ka istaajinay Virus-yo Sweden iyo Taiwan

and Russia and elsewhere.

iyo Ruushka iyo meelo kale

In fact, if I just connect back to our lab systems

runtii markale hadii aan la xariiro Kambiyuutarada xarunteena

through the Web,

websiteka korkiisa

we can see in real time

isla markaasba waxaan arki karnaa

just some kind of idea of how many viruses,

fikrado sida inta virus

how many new examples of malware we find every single day.

inta tusaalooyin ee oo barnaamijyo wasaq ah' ee aan helno maalin walba

Here's the latest virus we've found,

kani waa virus-kii ugu danbeeyay ee aan helnay.

in a file called Server.exe.

oo kudhex jira file lagu magacaabo ''Server.exe''

And we found it right over here three seconds ago --

waxaana helnay halkaan 3 ilbiriqsi kahor

the previous one, six seconds ago.

midkii ka horeeyay, lix ilbiriqsi kahor

And if we just scroll around,

hadii aan sii wadno

it's just massive.

aad ayay u badanyihiin

We find tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands.

waxaan helnaa Tobanaan kun, xataa boqolaal kun

And that's the last 20 minutes of malware

kaasna waa 20kii daqiiqo ee ugu danbeysay ee barnaamijyada wasaqeesan

every single day.

maalin walba

So where are all these coming from then?

marka halkee ayay ka imaadaan waxyaabahaan dhan

Well today, it's the organized criminal gangs

Hagaag Maanta, waxaa maamulo gaangiistarada danbiilayaasha

writing these viruses

ayagaana qoraan virus-yadaan

because they make money with their viruses.

maxaa yeelay lacag ayay ku helaan virus-yadooda

It's gangs like --

waa sida gaangiistarnimo

let's go to GangstaBucks.com.

aan fiirino GangstaBucks.com

This is a website operating in Moscow

webkaan waxaa laga maamulaa Magaalada Moosko

where these guys are buying infected computers.

Ragaana waxay iibsadaan Kambiyuutarada viruska ku dhacay

So if you are a virus writer

marka hadii aad tahay Virus qore

and you're capable of infecting Windows computers,

oo aad awoodid in aad Kambiyuutarada windwos-yada wax qaadsiisid

but you don't know what to do with them,

oo aadan ogeen waxaad kusii sameyn leheed

you can sell those infected computers --

kambiyuutaradaas waxaad ka iibin kartaa

somebody else's computers -- to these guys.

Raggaan ayaad ka iibin kartaa kambiyuutaradaasi dadoow

And they'll actually pay you money for those computers.

runtii ayagana lacag ayay kaa siisanayaan kambiyuutaradaasi

So how do these guys then monetize

marka sidee ragaasi lacag ugu badalayaan

those infected computers?

kambiyuutaradaasi haleesan?

Well there's multiple different ways,

Hagaag, waxaa jiro wadooyin badan oo kala duwan.

such as banking trojans, which will steal money from your online banking accounts

sida virus-yada bangiga, kaasoo lacag ka xadaayo xisaabtaada bangiyeed ee Online-ka

when you do online banking,

marka aad xisaabta Bangigaaga Online ahaan u isticmaasho

or keyloggers.

ama Fure duubayaasha

Keyloggers silently sit on your computer, hidden from view,

Fure duubayaasha si qarsoon ayay kombiyuutarkaaga ugu jiraan, ma arki kareysid

and they record everything you type.

waxayna duubayaan wax walboo aad qortid

So you're sitting on your computer and you're doing Google searches.

marka waxaad fadhisaa kambiyuutarkaaga, waxaadna wax ka baareysaa Google

Every single Google search you type

wax walboo aad ku qortid Google

is saved and sent to the criminals.

way duubmayaan waxayna u dirsamayaan dambiilayaashaas

Every single email you write is saved and sent to the criminals.

email walboo aad qortid, wuu keedsanyahay, waxa uuna u dirsamayaa dambiilayaashaas

Same thing with every single password and so on.

sidoo kale password walboo aad qortid, iyo wixii lamid ah

But the thing that they're actually looking for most

laakiin waxa ugu badan ay raadinayaan

are sessions where you go online

waa waqtiyada aad Online-ka galeysid

and do online purchases in any online store.

kadibna aad online-ka wax ka iibsaneysid, dukaan walboo Online ah kii ay ahaataba

Because when you do purchases in online stores,

maxaa yeelay markaad Online-ka wax ka iibsaneysid

you will be typing in your name, the delivery address,

waxaad qoreysaa magacaaga, iyo cinwaanka laguu soo dhigi lahaa waxaas aad iibsatay

your credit card number and the credit card security codes.

Lambarka (Credit Card-kaaga) iyo furaha amaanka ee Credit cardkaaga

And here's an example of a file

kani waa tusaale Feel

we found from a server a couple of weeks ago.

aan ka helany kambiyuutar isbuucyo dhowr ah kahor

That's the credit card number,

Lambarka Credit Card-ka

that's the expiration date, that's the security code,

Xiliga uu dhacaayo, iyo furaha amaanka

and that's the name of the owner of the card.

iyo qofka isla kaarkaas magaciisa

Once you gain access to other people's credit card information,

marka aad heshid dadka kale macluumaadka kaararkooda

you can just go online and buy whatever you want

markaas Online-ka ayaad geli kartaa oo waxa aad rabtid ayaad iibsan kartaa

with this information.

macluumaadkaasi

And that, obviously, is a problem.

taasina waa dhibaato

We now have a whole underground marketplace

waan ognahay in aan leenahay Suuq madoow oo aad u weyn

and business ecosystem

iyo hab Ganacsi

built around online crime.

lagu dhisay dambiyada internetka

One example of how these guys

hal tusaale sida raggaani

actually are capable of monetizing their operations:

ay lacag ugu helaan howlahooda

we go and have a look at the pages of INTERPOL

waxaan fiirineynaa Bogga ''Booliska Aduunka''

and search for wanted persons.

waxaana raadineynaa dadka la baadi goobaayo

We find guys like Bjorn Sundin, originally from Sweden,

waxaan ujeednaa Ragg sida Bjorn Sundin oo asal ahaan Sweden kasoo jeeda

and his partner in crime,

iyo dadka gacanta kusiiyay danbiyada

also listed on the INTERPOL wanted pages,

waxaa lagu daray liiska dadka la baadi goobaayo ee Bogga Booliiska Caalamiga ah, ku qoran

Mr. Shaileshkumar Jain,

Mr. Shaileshkumar Jain

a U.S. citizen.

muwaadin Ameerikaan ah

These guys were running an operation called I.M.U.,

Raggaani waxay wadeen howl la dhaho I.M.U.,

a cybercrime operation through which they netted millions.

fal danbiyeed internetka ah kaasoo ay ka faa'iideyn malaayiin

They are both right now on the run.

labadoodaba hada way baxsadeen

Nobody knows where they are.

qof og majiro meesha ay joogaan

U.S. officials, just a couple of weeks ago,

Saraakiisha mareekanka, isbuucyo dhowr ah kahor

froze a Swiss bank account

waxay xireen Xisaab bangi oo iswiisarland ah

belonging to Mr. Jain,

taasoo uu leeyahay Mr. Jain

and that bank account had 14.9 million U.S. dollars on it.

waxaana kujirtay akoonkaas 14.9 Milyan Dollar

So the amount of money online crime generates

Sidaa darteed, tirada lacaga laga helo falalka danbiyada internetka

is significant.

way weyntahay.

And that means that the online criminals

taasina waxay micno ka tahay, in danbiilayaashaasi internetka

can actually afford to invest into their attacks.

ay maal galin karaan howlahooda

We know that online criminals

waan oganahay danbiilayaashaasi internetka

are hiring programmers, hiring testing people,

in ay kireystaan dad Barnaamijyada dhisa, ay kireystaan dad tijaabiya,

testing their code,

tijaabiya furayaashaas

having back-end systems with SQL databases.

waxay heystaan habab casri ah oo SQL databases wadata.

And they can afford to watch how we work --

waxay wax ku bixin karaan oo ay fiirin karaan sidaan u shaqeyno

like how security people work --

sida dadka amaanka suga ay u shaqeeyaan

and try to work their way around

waxayna isku dayaan in ay wado u helaan

any security precautions we can build.

hababka Amni ee aan dhisi karno

They also use the global nature of Internet

waxayna u isticmaalaan deegaanka caalamiga ah ee Internetka

to their advantage.

faa'iidadooda.

I mean, the Internet is international.

waxaan ka wadaa, Internetku waa caalami

That's why we call it the Internet.

sidaa darteed ayaan Internet ugu yeernaa

And if you just go and take a look

hadii aan fiirino

at what's happening in the online world,

waxa ka dhacaaya Dunida online-ka ah

here's a video built by Clarified Networks,

kani waa Video ay dhiseen Clarified Networks,

which illustrates how one single malware family is able to move around the world.

kaasoo cadeynaaya sida hal qoys oo barnaamijyadaasi wasaqda ah uu u awoodo in ku wareego aduunka

This operation, believed to be originally from Estonia,

falkaani, waxaa la aaminsanyahay in asal ahaan uu ka imaado wadanka Estonia

moves around from one country to another

waxa uu u dhaqaaqayaa wadan ka wadan.

as soon as the website is tried to shut down.

isla markii la isku dayo in webkaas la xiro

So you just can't shut these guys down.

marka ragaasi ma celin kareysid

They will switch from one country to another,

waxay ka badalaan wadan ka wadan

from one jurisdiction to another --

hal nidaam cadaalad kasii hal nidaam cadaalad kale

moving around the world,

aduunka dhan ayay ku wareegsanayaan

using the fact that we don't have the capability

waxay isticmaalayaan waxyaabo xaqiiq ah oo aynaan awoodeeda leheen

to globally police operations like this.

Howlo Boliis caalami ah sidaan oo kale

So the Internet is as if

marka waa Internet, oo ah sida

someone would have given free plane tickets

qof la siiyay tikit diyaarad oo lacag la'aan ah

to all the online criminals of the world.

dhamaan danbiilayaashaasi internet-ka ee Aduunka

Now, criminals who weren't capable of reaching us before

Hada, danbiilayaashii awoodi waayay in ay nasoo gaaraan awal hore

can reach us.

hada way nasoo gaari karaan

So how do you actually go around finding online criminals?

Marka xaqiiq ahaan sidee ku raadin kartaa danbiilayaashaasi internetka?

How do you actually track them down?

sidee u daba geli kartaa si hoose?

Let me give you an example.

Tusaale aan idin siiyo

What we have here is one exploit file.

waxa aan halkaan ku heysanaa Fayl Haleysan

Here, I'm looking at the Hex dump of an image file,

Halkaan, waxaan fiirinayaa ''Hex-ka'' Sawir halaabay

which contains an exploit.

kaasoo ka kooban wax amaanka hadidaaya

And that basically means, if you're trying to view this image file on your Windows computer,

Taasoo lamicno ah, hadii aad isku daydid in sawirkaan aad ku dhex furto kuna fiiriso kambiyuutarkaaga windowska dhexdiisa

it actually takes over your computer and runs code.

Kambiyuutarkaaga ayay qabsaneysaa oo waxa ay ka shaqeysiineysaa ''Fure ku qarsan''

Now, if you'll take a look at this image file --

Hada. hadii aad sii fiiriso sawirkaan

well there's the image header,

waa kan sawirka meesha uu ka bilaawdo

and there the actual code of the attack starts.

Calaamada dhabta ah ee weerarkana halkaan ayay ka bilaabmeysaa

And that code has been encrypted,

Calaamada waa la lanbareeyay

so let's decrypt it.

marka aan furfurno lambaradaas

It has been encrypted with XOR function 97.

waxaa loo adeegsaday XOR howlhalaha 97aad.

You just have to believe me,

i rumeysta

it is, it is.

ineey sidaan, ineey sidaan,

And we can go here

waxaan aadi karnaa

and actually start decrypting it.

oo aan bilaabi karnaa in aan furfurno

Well the yellow part of the code is now decrypted.

Hagaag, qeybta kore ee Jaalaha ah hada way furfurmatay

And I know, it doesn't really look much different from the original.

Hadana waan ogahay, in aysan ka duwanaaneyn mida asalka ah

But just keep staring at it.

Laakiin sii fiiriya ayada

You'll actually see that down here

Halkaan hoose waxaad oga jeedaan

you can see a Web address:

waxaad ujeedaa website

unionseek.com/d/ioo.exe

unionseek.com/d/ioo.exe

And when you view this image on your computer

markii sawirkaan aad kambiyuutarkaaga ku furtid

it actually is going to download and run that program.

waxay aadeysaa oo bilaabeysaa in Barnaamijkaas ay soo Dejiso

And that's a backdoor which will take over your computer.

taasina waa albaabka danbe ee kambiyuutarkaaga qabsanaayo

But even more interestingly,

laakiin wax kaloo ka xiiso badan

if we continue decrypting,

hadii aan sii furfurno

we'll find this mysterious string,

waxaan heleynaa ololahaan qarsoon

which says O600KO78RUS.

oo dhahaayo O600KO78RUS.

That code is there underneath the encryption

Lanbarkaasi waxa uu ka hooseeyaa furayaashaan hoostooda

as some sort of a signature.

si saxiix ahaan camal

It's not used for anything.

wax walbo looma isticmaalo

And I was looking at that, trying to figure out what it means.

anigana waxaan isku dayay in aan ogaado waxa laga wado waxaas

So obviously I Googled for it.

waxaan ka raadiyay Google

I got zero hits; wasn't there.

wax natiijo ah ma aanan helin

So I spoke with the guys at the lab.

waxaan la hadlay mid xarunta nagala shaqeeyo

And we have a couple of Russian guys in our labs,

Ragg dhowr ah oo Ruush ah ayaana xarunta nala joogaan

and one of them mentioned,

mid kamid ah ayaa waxa uu sheegay

well, it ends in RUS like Russia.

Hagaag, RUS, in ay ku dhamaato sida Russia

And 78 is the city code

lanbarka 79 uu yahay fure magaalo

for the city of St. Petersburg.

Furaha Magaalada St. Petersburg.

For example, you can find it from some phone numbers

Tusaale, waxaad heli kartaa qaar kamid ah telfoono

and car license plates and stuff like that.

iyo Taargo baabuur iyo waxyaabo noocaan oo kale ah

So I went looking for contacts in St. Petersburg,

waxaan baaray meelo lagala xariiro Magaalada St. Petersburg.

and through a long road,

wada dheer dhexdeedana

we eventually found this one particular website.

waxaan helnay website-kaan khaaska ah

Here's this Russian guy who's been operating online for a number of years

Kani waa nin Ruush ah oo Internetka korkiisa ka shaqeysanaayay sanado badan

who runs his own website,

kaasoo leh Web-kiisa khaaska ah

and he runs a blog under the popular Live Journal.

sidoo kale Bog ku leh webka shacbiyada badan ee Live Journal.

And on this blog, he blogs about his life,

Bogiisana, waxa uu kusoo qoraa wixii kusaabsan noloshiisa

about his life in St. Petersburg --

noloshiisa magaalada St. Petersburg

he's in his early 20s --

waxa uuna kujiraa bilaawgiisa sanadaha labaatameeyada

about his cat,

Bisadiisa ayuu kahadlaa

about his girlfriend.

Saaxiibtiisa

And he drives a very nice car.

waxa uuna wataa Baabuur aad u qurux badan

In fact, this guy drives

Xaqiiqdii, ninkaani waxa uu wataa

a Mercedes-Benz S600

Baabuur Mercedes-Benz S600

V12

V12

with a six-liter engine

matoor 6 litir ah

with more than 400 horsepower.

leh 400 fardo ah awoodooda wax kabadan

Now that's a nice car for a 20-something year-old kid in St. Petersburg.

Waa baabuur qurux badan, oo canug labaatameeyo jiro uu wato magaalada St. Petersburg dhexdeeda

How do I know about this car?

sideen ku ogaaday baabuurkiisa

Because he blogged about the car.

maxaa yeelay asigaa soo galiyay Boggiisa

He actually had a car accident.

shil baabuur ayuu galay

In downtown St. Petersburg,

gudaha magaalada St. Petersburg

he actually crashed his car into another car.

baabuurkiisa ayuu ku dhuftay baabuur kale

And he put blogged images about the car accident --

waxa uu bogiisa soo dhigay sawiradii shilka baabuurkiisa

that's his Mercedes --

kani waa Mercedes-kiisa

right here is the Lada Samara he crashed into.

halkaasina waxaa yaalo baabuurkii Lada Samara-da ee baabuurkiisa ku dhacay

And you can actually see that the license plate of the Samara

waadna arki kartaa taargada baabuurka Lada Samara-ha

ends in 78RUS.

waxa ay ku dhamaataa, 78RUS

And if you actually take a look at the scene picture,

hadii aad sii fiirisid sawirka dhacdada

you can see that the plate of the Mercedes

waxaad arki kartaa Taargada Mercedes-ka

is O600KO78RUS.

waa O600KO78RUS.

Now I'm not a lawyer,

Hada aniga ma ihi abukaate

but if I would be,

laakiin hadii aan ahaan lahaa

this is where I would say, "I rest my case."

waa halka aan dhihi lahaa ''Meeshaan ayaan kiiskeyga kusoo xirayaa''

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

So what happens when online criminals are caught?

Marka maxaa dhaco markii la qabto danbiilayaasha internetka

Well in most cases it never gets this far.

Hagaag, kiisaska badankooda sidaas uma fogaadaan

The vast majority of the online crime cases,

Badanaa kiisaska danbiyada internetka

we don't even know which continent the attacks are coming from.

ma ogin qaarada ay ka imaanayaan dagaaladaasi

And even if we are able to find online criminals,

xataa hadii aan awoodno in aan helno danbiilayaasha internetka

quite often there is no outcome.

badanaa majirto wax natiijo ah

The local police don't act, or if they do, there's not enough evidence,

Booliska gudaha ah ma dhaqaaqaayo, xataa hadii ay dhaqaaqaan, cadeymo dhameystiran lama haayo

or for some reason we can't take them down.

ama mararka qaar hoos uma dhigi karno

I wish it would be easier;

waxaan jeclaan lahaa in ay fududaato

unfortunately it isn't.

nasiib xumo ma fududo

But things are also changing

laakiin waxyaabaha way is badalayaan

at a very rapid pace.

si boobsiis ah oo aad u weyn

You've all heard about things like Stuxnet.

waad maqasheen waxyaabaha sida Stuxnet.

So if you look at what Stuxnet did

marka hadii aad fiiriso Stuxnet. waxa uu sameeyay

is that it infected these.

waxa uu dhaawacay qalabkaan

That's a Siemens S7-400 PLC,

waa Siemens S7-400 PLC,

programmable logic [controller].

midaasi xakameysan ee shirkada Siemens ay Borograamisay

And this is what runs our infrastructure.

kani waa midka maamulo hab dhismeedkeena hoose

This is what runs everything around us.

kani waa waxa nagu wareegsan

PLC's, these small boxes which have no display,

PLC, sunduuqyadaani yaryar ee shaashada aan leheen

no keyboard,

ee Keyboadrka aan leheen

which are programmed, are put in place, and they do their job.

ee la borograamiyay, waxaa la dhigaa meel, shaqadooda ayayna qabsadaan

For example, the elevators in this building

Tusaale, wiishashka dhismooyinka

most likely are controlled by one of these.

waxaa badanaa laga maamulaa kuwa sidaan oo kale ah

And when Stuxnet infects one of these,

markii Stuxne uu ku dhaco kuwaan oo kale

that's a massive revolution

taasi waa kacdoon weyn

on the kinds of risks we have to worry about.

oo ah nooca khatarta larabo in aan ka welwelno

Because everything around us is being run by these.

maxaa yeelay wax walboo nagu wareegsan waxaa lagu kiciyaa kuwaan

I mean, we have critical infrastructure.

waxaan kawadaa, waxaan heysanaa Hab dhismeyd hoose oo dhaawacan

You go to any factory, any power plant,

warshad walbo aad, iyo meel walbo tamarto lagu sameeyo

any chemical plant, any food processing plant,

warshad walboo kiimiko ah, iyo warshad walboo cuntada ah

you look around --

dhinacyadaada fiiri

everything is being run by computers.

wax walbo waxaa lagu maamulaa Kambiyuutaro

Everything is being run by computers.

wax walbo waxaa lagu maamulaa Kambiyuutaro

Everything is reliant on these computers working.

wax walbo waxay ku tiirsanyihiin shaqada Kambiyuutaradaas

We have become very reliant

waxaan noqonay dad kutiirsan

on Internet,

Internet-ka

on basic things like electricity, obviously,

waxyaabo aasaasa ah sida korontada

on computers working.

ee ku shaqeynta kambiyuutarada

And this really is something

tanina waa wax

which creates completely new problems for us.

gabi ahaanba nagu abuuraayo dhibaatooyin cusub

We must have some way

waa in aan heesanaa wadooyin

of continuing to work

aan shaqadeena kusii wadan karno

even if computers fail.

xataa hadii kambiyuutarada ay guul dareystaan

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

(Applause)

(Sacab)

So preparedness means that we can do stuff

marka diyaargarowga wuxuu lamicno yahay in aan helno waxyaabo

even when the things we take for granted

xataa waxyaabaha aan damaano qaadka u qaadanay

aren't there.

hadii aysan meesha oolin

It's actually very basic stuff --

Runtii waa waxyaabo aasaas ah

thinking about continuity, thinking about backups,

ka fikiritaan sii socosho ah, ka fikiritaan dib isku kabid ah

thinking about the things that actually matter.

ka fikiritaan waxyaabaha sida dhabta ah muhiimka u ah

Now I told you --

hada waxaan idiin sheegayaa

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

I love the Internet. I do.

waan jeclahay Internetka

Think about all the services we have online.

ka fikir dhamaan waxyaabaha aan onlineka ku heesano

Think about if they are taken away from you,

ka fikir hadii waxyaabahaas lagaa qaato

if one day you don't actually have them

hadii aadan maalin heysanin

for some reason or another.

sabab ama sabab kaleba

I see beauty in the future of the Internet,

waan ujeedaa quruxda Mustaqbalka Internetka

but I'm worried

laakiin waan ka walwalsanahay

that we might not see that.

in aan arki weyno taasi

I'm worried that we are running into problems

Waxaan ka walwalsanahay in aan ku socono dhibaatooyin

because of online crime.

ay sabab u tahay danbiyada Internetka

Online crime is the one thing

Danbiyada Internetka waa hal wax

that might take these things away from us.

taasoo naga qaadi karta waxyaabahan aan heysano

(Laughter)

(Qosal)

I've spent my life

Noloshayda waxaan ku dhameystay

defending the Net,

difaaca internetka

and I do feel that if we don't fight online crime,

waxaana dareemayaa hadii aan la dagaali weyno falal danbiyeedka Online-ka

we are running a risk of losing it all.

waxaana ku soconaa khatar aan kuli ku weyn karno

We have to do this globally,

waa in midaan aan sameyno si caalami ahaan

and we have to do it right now.

waa in aan hada sameynaa

What we need

waxaan u baahanahay

is more global, international law enforcement work

waa xoogag amaan badan oo Caalami ah

to find online criminal gangs --

si loo helo tuugada Internetka

these organized gangs

Gaangiistaradaasi habeysan

that are making millions out of their attacks.

ee weeraradooda malaayiinta ku hela

That's much more important

waa wax aad oga muhiimsan

than running anti-viruses or running firewalls.

in Virus-kahortage aan isticmaalno, ama Firewalls

What actually matters

waxa dhabtii muhiimka ah

is actually finding the people behind these attacks,

waa in la helaa dadkaas ka danbeeya weeraradaas

and even more importantly,

waxaana aad oga sii muhiimsan

we have to find the people

in aan helno dad

who are about to become

u dhaw in ay noqdaan

part of this online world of crime,

qeyb kamid ah, falal danbiyeedyada internetka aduunka

but haven't yet done it.

laakiin weli ma aanan dhameysan

We have to find the people with the skills,

waa in aan helnaa dad xirfado leh

but without the opportunities

ee fursado aanan heysan

and give them the opportunities

oo aan siino fursado

to use their skills for good.

si xirafadahooda ay ugu isticmaalaan dhanka wanaagsan

Thank you very much.

aad ayaad u mahadsantihiin

(Applause)

(Sacab)