Mikko Hypponen: Fighting viruses, defending the net

269,604 views ใƒป 2011-07-20

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kyo young Chu ๊ฒ€ํ† : Bianca Lee
00:15
I love the Internet.
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์ „ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ด์š”.
00:18
It's true.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ์š”
00:20
Think about everything it has brought us.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
00:22
Think about all the services we use,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋“ค,
00:25
all the connectivity,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ,
00:27
all the entertainment,
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์—”ํ„ฐํ…Œ์ธ๋จผํŠธ,
00:29
all the business, all the commerce.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณผ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:32
And it's happening during our lifetimes.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:35
I'm pretty sure that one day
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์ „ ์ง€๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
00:38
we'll be writing history books
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์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฑ๋…„ ํ›„
00:40
hundreds of years from now. This time
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ฑ…์—
00:43
our generation will be remembered
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€
00:46
as the generation that got online,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ ,
00:49
the generation
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๋˜ ์ง„์งœ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„
00:51
that built something really and truly global.
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๋งŒ๋“  ์„ธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
But yes, it's also true
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:57
that the Internet has problems, very serious problems,
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๋ณด์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ,
01:00
problems with security
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€
01:03
and problems with privacy.
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์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
I've spent my career
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์ „ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:08
fighting these problems.
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์ผ ํ•ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
So let me show you something.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
01:15
This here
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€
01:17
is Brain.
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Brain(๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
This is a floppy disk
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”Œ๋กœํ”ผ ๋””์Šคํฌ๊ณ ์š”.
01:21
-- five and a quarter-inch floppy disk
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Brain A๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ
01:23
infected by Brain.A.
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5.1์ธ์น˜ ๋””์Šค์ผ“์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
It's the first virus we ever found
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” PC ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ
01:27
for PC computers.
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
And we actually know
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:32
where Brain came from.
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๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ธ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
We know because it says so
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฝ”๋“œ ์•ˆ์—
01:36
inside the code.
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์ ํ˜€์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:38
Let's take a look.
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์—ฌ๊ธธ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์‹œ์‹œ์ฃ 
01:45
All right.
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์ž-
01:48
That's the boot sector of an infected floppy,
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์ €๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ๋””์Šค์ผ“์˜ ๋ถ€ํŠธ์„นํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
and if we take a closer look inside,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด,
01:54
we'll see that right there,
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์ €๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์ฃ .
01:56
it says, "Welcome to the dungeon."
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"๋˜์ „์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
02:00
And then it continues,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "1986๋…„, Basit์™€ Amjad"
02:02
saying, 1986, Basit and Amjad.
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๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ์—ฌ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
02:05
And Basit and Amjad are first names,
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Basit์™€ Amjad๋Š” ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
02:08
Pakistani first names.
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์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
In fact, there's a phone number and an address in Pakistan.
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๋˜ ์ €๊ธฐ ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„ ์ฃผ์†Œ์™€ ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋„ ์žˆ๊ตฐ์š”.
02:13
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:18
Now, 1986.
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์ €๋•Œ๋Š” 1986๋…„๋„์˜€๊ณ 
02:21
Now it's 2011.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 2011๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
That's 25 years ago.
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25๋…„ ์ „์ด๋„ค์š”.
02:25
The PC virus problem is 25 years old now.
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์ด PC ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š” 25์‚ด์ด๋‚˜ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
So half a year ago,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ๋ฐ˜๋…„ ์ „์—,
02:31
I decided to go to Pakistan myself.
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ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„์„ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
So let's see, here's a couple of photos I took while I was in Pakistan.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ๋ช‡ ์žฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
02:37
This is from the city of Lahore,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๋นˆ ๋ผ๋ด์ด ์žกํžŒ Abbottabad์—์„œ
02:39
which is around 300 kilometers south
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๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ 300km ์ •๋„ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„
02:41
from Abbottabad, where Bin Laden was caught.
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Lahore๋ผ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Here's a typical street view.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๊ณ ์š”.
02:47
And here's the street or road leading to this building,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์€ Allama Iqbal ๋งˆ์„์˜ 730 Nizam ๋ธ”๋Ÿญ์œผ๋กœ
02:50
which is 730 Nizam block at Allama Iqbal Town.
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์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ธธ, ๋„๋กœ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
02:54
And I knocked on the door.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:58
You want to guess who opened the door?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ง์ž‘ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
03:00
Basit and Amjad; they are still there.
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Basit๊ณผ Amjad์˜€์–ด์š”. ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:02
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:04
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
03:08
So here standing up is Basit.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ผ์–ด์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด Basit์ด๊ณ ์š”.
03:11
Sitting down is his brother Amjad.
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์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ˜• Amjad์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
These are the guys who wrote the first PC virus.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ PC ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:17
Now of course, we had a very interesting discussion.
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
I asked them why.
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์ „ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:22
I asked them how they feel about what they started.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:25
And I got some sort of satisfaction
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „
03:28
from learning that both Basit and Amjad
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ž˜์—
03:31
had had their computers infected dozens of times
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—
03:34
by completely unrelated other viruses
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๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
03:36
over these years.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
So there is some sort of justice
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์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์—”
03:40
in the world after all.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
Now, the viruses that we used to see
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
03:46
in the 1980s and 1990s
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1980๋…„ ๋Œ€, 90๋…„ ๋Œ€์— ๋ณด๋˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์€
03:48
obviously are not a problem any more.
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๋”์ด์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
So let me just show you a couple of examples
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€
03:53
of what they used to look like.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
03:55
What I'm running here
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:57
is a system that enables me
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์ตœ์‹  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์˜›๋‚ ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„
03:59
to run age-old programs on a modern computer.
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์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
So let me just mount some drives. Go over there.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ .
04:05
What we have here is a list of old viruses.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
So let me just run some viruses on my computer.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์‹คํ–‰์‹œ์ผœ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
For example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด,
04:13
let's go with the Centipede virus first.
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Centipede(์ง€๋„ค) ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•ด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:15
And you can see at the top of the screen,
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ,
04:17
there's a centipede scrolling across your computer
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ํ™”๋ฉด ์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ
04:19
when you get infected by this one.
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์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง€๋„ค๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:21
You know that you're infected
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:23
because it actually shows up.
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๊ฐ์—ผ๋๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:25
Here's another one. This is the virus called Crash,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
invented in Russia in 1992.
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1992๋…„ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ Crash๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Let me show you one which actually makes some sound.
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
04:34
(Siren noise)
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(์‚ฌ์ด๋ Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
04:40
And the last example,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋Š”,
04:42
guess what the Walker virus does?
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Walker(๋ณดํ–‰์ž) ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ ํ• ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
04:44
Yes, there's a guy walking across your screen
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๋„ค, ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜๋ฉด ํ™”๋ฉด์„
04:46
once you get infected.
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๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
So it used to be fairly easy to know
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜
04:51
that you're infected by a virus,
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10๋Œ€๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—
04:54
when the viruses were written by hobbyists
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๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
04:56
and teenagers.
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๊ฝค ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
Today, they are no longer being written
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ
05:00
by hobbyists and teenagers.
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10๋Œ€์™€ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
Today, viruses are a global problem.
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์š”์ฆ˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
What we have here in the background
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝํ™”๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
05:07
is an example of our systems that we run in our labs,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
05:10
where we track virus infections worldwide.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
So we can actually see in real time
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๋•๋ถ„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์Šค์›จ๋ด, ๋Œ€๋งŒ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ
05:14
that we've just blocked viruses in Sweden and Taiwan
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ
05:17
and Russia and elsewhere.
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์ฐจ๋‹จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:19
In fact, if I just connect back to our lab systems
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
05:22
through the Web,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:24
we can see in real time
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ์˜
05:26
just some kind of idea of how many viruses,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•…์„ฑ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„
05:29
how many new examples of malware we find every single day.
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋„ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:32
Here's the latest virus we've found,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ Server.exe ํŒŒ์ผ์—์„œ
05:34
in a file called Server.exe.
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ตœ์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
And we found it right over here three seconds ago --
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3์ดˆ ์ „์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋„ค์š”.
05:39
the previous one, six seconds ago.
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๊ทธ ์ „๊บผ๋Š” 6์ดˆ ์ „์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๊ตฐ์š”.
05:41
And if we just scroll around,
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์Šคํฌ๋กค์„ ์œ„์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ์›€์ง์—ฌ ๋ณด๋ฉด
05:44
it's just massive.
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์ •๋ง ๋ณต์žกํ•˜์ฃ ?
05:46
We find tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜๋งŒ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
And that's the last 20 minutes of malware
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์ด๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋งค์ผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 20๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜
05:52
every single day.
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์•…์„ฑ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ˆซ์ž์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ด์š”.
05:54
So where are all these coming from then?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
05:57
Well today, it's the organized criminal gangs
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์š”์ฆ˜์—” ์กฐ์งํ™”๋œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง์ด
06:01
writing these viruses
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:03
because they make money with their viruses.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
It's gangs like --
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐฑ๋“ค์ด์š”.
06:07
let's go to GangstaBucks.com.
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GangstaBuck.com์— ์ ‘์†ํ•ด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ 
06:10
This is a website operating in Moscow
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด๋Š”
06:13
where these guys are buying infected computers.
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๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”์—์„œ ์šด์˜์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:17
So if you are a virus writer
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:19
and you're capable of infecting Windows computers,
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์œˆ๋„์šฐ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:21
but you don't know what to do with them,
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:23
you can sell those infected computers --
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋ฉด ๋ผ์š”.
06:25
somebody else's computers -- to these guys.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐฑ๋‹จ์—๊ฒŒ์š”.
06:27
And they'll actually pay you money for those computers.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‚ด๊บผ์—์š”.
06:31
So how do these guys then monetize
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฐฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋“ค๋กœ
06:34
those infected computers?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒ„๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
06:36
Well there's multiple different ways,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:38
such as banking trojans, which will steal money from your online banking accounts
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฑ…ํ‚น์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์€ํ–‰๊ณ„์ขŒ์—์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋นผ๋‚ด์˜ค๋Š”
06:41
when you do online banking,
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Banking Trojan์ด๋‚˜
06:44
or keyloggers.
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key logger๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
06:47
Keyloggers silently sit on your computer, hidden from view,
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Key logger๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—†์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์•ˆ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์นจํˆฌํ•ด์„œ
06:51
and they record everything you type.
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ํ‚ค๋ณด๋“œ์— ์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ด์š”.
06:54
So you're sitting on your computer and you're doing Google searches.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์•ž์— ์•‰์•„์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
Every single Google search you type
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์— ์น˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
06:59
is saved and sent to the criminals.
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์ €์žฅ๋˜์–ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€์ฃ .
07:02
Every single email you write is saved and sent to the criminals.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Same thing with every single password and so on.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์—๋„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ฃ .
07:09
But the thing that they're actually looking for most
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:11
are sessions where you go online
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•ด์„œ
07:13
and do online purchases in any online store.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด์—์š”.
07:16
Because when you do purchases in online stores,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ด ๋•Œ
07:18
you will be typing in your name, the delivery address,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์†ก์ง€
07:21
your credit card number and the credit card security codes.
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์‹ ์šฉ์นด๋“œ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์™€ ๊ทธ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
07:24
And here's an example of a file
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ํŒŒ์ผ์€
07:26
we found from a server a couple of weeks ago.
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1~2์ฃผ ์ „์— ์„œ๋ฒ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
That's the credit card number,
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์‹ ์šฉ์นด๋“œ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๊ณ 
07:30
that's the expiration date, that's the security code,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งŒ๊ธฐ์ผ๊ณผ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฒˆํ˜ธ,
07:32
and that's the name of the owner of the card.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๊ฒŒ ์นด๋“œ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด์ฃ .
07:34
Once you gain access to other people's credit card information,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ์นด๋“œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
07:37
you can just go online and buy whatever you want
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:39
with this information.
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์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
And that, obviously, is a problem.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:44
We now have a whole underground marketplace
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ
07:48
and business ecosystem
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์•”์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ƒ์—… ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด
07:51
built around online crime.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
One example of how these guys
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ
07:56
actually are capable of monetizing their operations:
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๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
07:59
we go and have a look at the pages of INTERPOL
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์ด์ œ ์ธํ„ฐํด์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
08:02
and search for wanted persons.
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์ง€๋ช…์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์ž๋“ค์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์ฃ .
08:04
We find guys like Bjorn Sundin, originally from Sweden,
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์Šค์›จ๋ด์—์„œ ์˜จ Bjorn Sundin์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๊ณ ์š”,
08:07
and his partner in crime,
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฒ”์ž์ธ
08:09
also listed on the INTERPOL wanted pages,
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Shaileshkumar Jain ๋˜ํ•œ
08:11
Mr. Shaileshkumar Jain,
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์ธํ„ฐํด ์ง€๋ช…์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ์™€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
08:13
a U.S. citizen.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
08:15
These guys were running an operation called I.M.U.,
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์ด๋“ค์€ I.M.U๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ™œ๋™์„
08:18
a cybercrime operation through which they netted millions.
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ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
They are both right now on the run.
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์ด ๋‘˜์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋„์ฃผ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
Nobody knows where they are.
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
U.S. officials, just a couple of weeks ago,
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๋ถˆ๊ณผ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ์ „์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
08:28
froze a Swiss bank account
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Jain ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ์Šค์œ„์Šค์€ํ–‰ ๊ณ„์ขŒ๋ฅผ ๋™๊ฒฐ์‹œ์ผฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:30
belonging to Mr. Jain,
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์ด ๊ณ„์ขŒ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ ค
08:32
and that bank account had 14.9 million U.S. dollars on it.
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๋ฏธํ™” 1490๋งŒ ๋ถˆ์ด ์˜ˆ์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
So the amount of money online crime generates
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ์–ด๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ์€
08:39
is significant.
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์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:41
And that means that the online criminals
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
08:43
can actually afford to invest into their attacks.
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ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
We know that online criminals
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด
08:48
are hiring programmers, hiring testing people,
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ์™€ ํ…Œ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:51
testing their code,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:53
having back-end systems with SQL databases.
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SQL ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๋‹จ(back-end)์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
And they can afford to watch how we work --
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด,
08:59
like how security people work --
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋˜๊ณ ,
09:01
and try to work their way around
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณด์•ˆ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„
09:03
any security precautions we can build.
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ํ”ผํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:05
They also use the global nature of Internet
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„
09:08
to their advantage.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
I mean, the Internet is international.
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
That's why we call it the Internet.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ '์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ฃ .
09:14
And if you just go and take a look
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด
09:16
at what's happening in the online world,
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž ์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:19
here's a video built by Clarified Networks,
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋Š” Clarified Networks์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋กœ์จ
09:21
which illustrates how one single malware family is able to move around the world.
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ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์•…์„ฑ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
This operation, believed to be originally from Estonia,
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Estonia์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€
09:28
moves around from one country to another
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์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ซํžˆ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„
09:30
as soon as the website is tried to shut down.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
So you just can't shut these guys down.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ข…๋ฃŒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
09:35
They will switch from one country to another,
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๊ทธ ์•…์„ฑ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์ € ๋‚˜๋ผ๋กœ,
09:37
from one jurisdiction to another --
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์ด ๊ตฌ์—ญ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ
09:39
moving around the world,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ
09:41
using the fact that we don't have the capability
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ
09:43
to globally police operations like this.
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๋‹จ์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
So the Internet is as if
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์€
09:48
someone would have given free plane tickets
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
09:50
to all the online criminals of the world.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ํ–‰ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒํ‹ฐ์ผ“๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Now, criminals who weren't capable of reaching us before
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
09:56
can reach us.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ์†๊ธธ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:58
So how do you actually go around finding online criminals?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:01
How do you actually track them down?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:03
Let me give you an example.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค์–ด ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ป˜์š”.
10:05
What we have here is one exploit file.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ํŒŒ์ผ์€ ์ต์Šคํ”Œ๋กœ์ž‡ ํŒŒ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
Here, I'm looking at the Hex dump of an image file,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ํ—ฅ์Šค๋คํ”„์—๋Š”
10:12
which contains an exploit.
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์ต์Šคํ”Œ๋กœ์ž‡์ด ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
And that basically means, if you're trying to view this image file on your Windows computer,
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๊ทธ ๋ง์ธ ์ฆ‰์Šจ, ์œˆ๋„์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
10:17
it actually takes over your computer and runs code.
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์ต์Šคํ”Œ๋กœ์ž‡์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:20
Now, if you'll take a look at this image file --
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ด ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด,
10:23
well there's the image header,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ํ—ค๋”๊ตฌ์š”,
10:25
and there the actual code of the attack starts.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์ฝ”๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
And that code has been encrypted,
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์ด ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
10:30
so let's decrypt it.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
10:32
It has been encrypted with XOR function 97.
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XORํ•จ์ˆ˜ 97๋กœ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
10:34
You just have to believe me,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
10:36
it is, it is.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ค„ ์•„์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ผ์š”.
10:38
And we can go here
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ
10:40
and actually start decrypting it.
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์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
10:42
Well the yellow part of the code is now decrypted.
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๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์•”ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํ’€๋ฆฐ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
And I know, it doesn't really look much different from the original.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์›๋ณธ๊ณผ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:47
But just keep staring at it.
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๊ณ„์† ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:49
You'll actually see that down here
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ์—
10:51
you can see a Web address:
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์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:53
unionseek.com/d/ioo.exe
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unionseek.com/d/ioo.exe์ด๋ผ๋„ค์š”
10:59
And when you view this image on your computer
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ด ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์‹คํ–‰์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด,
11:01
it actually is going to download and run that program.
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์ด ์›นํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์„œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
And that's a backdoor which will take over your computer.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋„์–ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
But even more interestingly,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„
11:08
if we continue decrypting,
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๊ณ„์† ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:10
we'll find this mysterious string,
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O600KO78RUS๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํžŒ
11:12
which says O600KO78RUS.
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์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ค„์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
That code is there underneath the encryption
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์ด ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์–ด๋–ค ํ‘œ์‹์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:19
as some sort of a signature.
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์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:21
It's not used for anything.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์šฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
11:23
And I was looking at that, trying to figure out what it means.
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์ „ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ณ„์† ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:26
So obviously I Googled for it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ํ•ด๋ดค์ฃ .
11:28
I got zero hits; wasn't there.
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์กฐํšŒ์ˆ˜๋Š” 0, ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:30
So I spoke with the guys at the lab.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง์›์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์–ด์š”.
11:32
And we have a couple of Russian guys in our labs,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์—” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์˜จ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ๋ช‡ ๋ช… ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:34
and one of them mentioned,
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๊ทธ ์ค‘์— ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”
11:36
well, it ends in RUS like Russia.
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"๊ทธ๊ฑฐ Russia์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ RUS๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋„ค์š”.
11:38
And 78 is the city code
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78์€ St. Petersburg์˜
11:40
for the city of St. Petersburg.
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๋„์‹œ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๊ณ ์š”"
11:42
For example, you can find it from some phone numbers
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด, ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋‚˜
11:44
and car license plates and stuff like that.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธํŒ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊บผ์—์š”.
11:47
So I went looking for contacts in St. Petersburg,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ St. Petersburg์˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ดค์–ด์š”.
11:50
and through a long road,
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๊ธฐ๋‚˜๊ธด ๊ณ ์ƒ ๋์—
11:52
we eventually found this one particular website.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:56
Here's this Russian guy who's been operating online for a number of years
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์ชฝ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์™”๊ณ 
11:59
who runs his own website,
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๊ฐœ์ธ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
12:01
and he runs a blog under the popular Live Journal.
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ Live Journal์—์„œ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ๋„ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
12:04
And on this blog, he blogs about his life,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์—์„  St. Petersburg์—์„œ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜
12:06
about his life in St. Petersburg --
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์ƒํ™œ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
12:08
he's in his early 20s --
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20๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์ด๊ณ ์š”,
12:10
about his cat,
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋‚˜
12:12
about his girlfriend.
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์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
12:14
And he drives a very nice car.
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์ข‹์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
12:16
In fact, this guy drives
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Š”
12:19
a Mercedes-Benz S600
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๋ฉ”๋ฅด์„ธ๋ฐ์Šค ๋ฒค์ธ  S600์„ ๋ชฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด ์ฐจ๋Š”
12:21
V12
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400๋งˆ๋ ฅ ์ด์ƒ์˜
12:23
with a six-liter engine
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6๊ธฐํ†ต ์—”์ง„์—
12:25
with more than 400 horsepower.
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V12๋„ค์š”.
12:27
Now that's a nice car for a 20-something year-old kid in St. Petersburg.
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St. Petersburg์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” 20๋Œ€ ๋‚จ์ž์—๊ฒ ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ์ฐจ๋„ค์š”.
12:31
How do I know about this car?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
12:33
Because he blogged about the car.
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ธ€์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
12:35
He actually had a car accident.
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์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋„ ๋‚ฌ์—ˆ๋„ค์š”.
12:37
In downtown St. Petersburg,
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St. Petersburg ์‹œ๋‚ด์—์„œ
12:39
he actually crashed his car into another car.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ์ง„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋„ค์š”.
12:41
And he put blogged images about the car accident --
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์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ง„๋„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†จ์–ด์š”.
12:43
that's his Mercedes --
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฒค์ธ ๊ณ ์š”
12:45
right here is the Lada Samara he crashed into.
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ•์€ Lada Samara์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
And you can actually see that the license plate of the Samara
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด Samara์˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธํŒ์ด 78RUS๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฑธ
12:52
ends in 78RUS.
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ค๊ป๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
And if you actually take a look at the scene picture,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
12:57
you can see that the plate of the Mercedes
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๋ฒค์ธ ์˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธํŒ์ด
12:59
is O600KO78RUS.
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O600KO78RUS๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ป๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
Now I'm not a lawyer,
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์ „ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
13:07
but if I would be,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋ฉด
13:09
this is where I would say, "I rest my case."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ์ข…๊ฒฐ ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”.
13:12
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
13:14
So what happens when online criminals are caught?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์žกํžˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
13:17
Well in most cases it never gets this far.
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๋ญ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
The vast majority of the online crime cases,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
13:22
we don't even know which continent the attacks are coming from.
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์–ด๋Š ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ด ์™”๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ์•Œ ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
And even if we are able to find online criminals,
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๋งŒ์ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„
13:28
quite often there is no outcome.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์—†์ฃ .
13:30
The local police don't act, or if they do, there's not enough evidence,
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๋‹ด๋‹น ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค์€ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์›€์ง์ธ๋‹คํ•ด๋„ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
13:33
or for some reason we can't take them down.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ฒดํฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
I wish it would be easier;
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๋” ์‰ฌ์› ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:37
unfortunately it isn't.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
But things are also changing
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ธ์ƒ์€
13:42
at a very rapid pace.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์ฃ .
13:45
You've all heard about things like Stuxnet.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘ Stuxnet๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„๊ป๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
So if you look at what Stuxnet did
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Stuxnet์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋ƒ๋ฉด
13:51
is that it infected these.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:53
That's a Siemens S7-400 PLC,
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์ด๊ฑด Siemens S7-400 PLC์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
programmable logic [controller].
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PLC(Programmable Logic Computer)
13:58
And this is what runs our infrastructure.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์„ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
This is what runs everything around us.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
PLC's, these small boxes which have no display,
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ํ™”๋ฉด๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ํ‚ค๋ณด๋“œ๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
14:07
no keyboard,
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์ด๋ฏธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š”
14:09
which are programmed, are put in place, and they do their job.
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์ž‘์€ ์ƒ์ž์ธ ์ด PLC๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
14:11
For example, the elevators in this building
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ์ดํ„ฐ๋„
14:13
most likely are controlled by one of these.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์šดํ–‰๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
And when Stuxnet infects one of these,
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Stuxnet์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€
14:20
that's a massive revolution
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
14:22
on the kinds of risks we have to worry about.
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์œ„ํ—˜๋“ค์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
Because everything around us is being run by these.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์žฅ์น˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ์šด์˜์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:28
I mean, we have critical infrastructure.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
You go to any factory, any power plant,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณต์žฅ, ์ „๋ ฅ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์‹œ์„ค,
14:33
any chemical plant, any food processing plant,
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ํ™”ํ•™ ์‹œ์„ค, ์Œ์‹ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์‹œ์„ค ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ
14:35
you look around --
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š”
14:37
everything is being run by computers.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:39
Everything is being run by computers.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
14:41
Everything is reliant on these computers working.
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์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
We have become very reliant
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ
14:47
on Internet,
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๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
on basic things like electricity, obviously,
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๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„
14:52
on computers working.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ฃ .
14:54
And this really is something
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋“ค์ด
14:56
which creates completely new problems for us.
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์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
14:58
We must have some way
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„
15:00
of continuing to work
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์ผ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
15:02
even if computers fail.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:14
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
15:24
So preparedness means that we can do stuff
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŒ๋ฐœ์˜ ์ค€๋น„๋ž€
15:27
even when the things we take for granted
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์—†์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„
15:29
aren't there.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
It's actually very basic stuff --
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
15:33
thinking about continuity, thinking about backups,
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์—ฐ์†์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ฐฑ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ,
15:36
thinking about the things that actually matter.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
15:39
Now I told you --
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์ „ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
15:42
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:44
I love the Internet. I do.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋„ค์š”. ์ง„์งœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
15:48
Think about all the services we have online.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:51
Think about if they are taken away from you,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์—†์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:54
if one day you don't actually have them
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ์—์„œ๋“ ์ง€
15:56
for some reason or another.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์—†์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ์š”.
15:58
I see beauty in the future of the Internet,
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์ „ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
but I'm worried
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„๊นŒ
16:03
that we might not see that.
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๊ฑฑ์ •๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
I'm worried that we are running into problems
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
16:07
because of online crime.
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๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€๋‚˜ ์•Š์„์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
Online crime is the one thing
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
16:11
that might take these things away from us.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋นผ์•—์•„๊ฐˆ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:16
I've spent my life
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์ „ ์ œ ์ผ์ƒ๋™์•ˆ
16:18
defending the Net,
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ณด์•ˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
and I do feel that if we don't fight online crime,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:24
we are running a risk of losing it all.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žƒ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
We have to do this globally,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์„œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
and we have to do it right now.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
What we need
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์ œ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
is more global, international law enforcement work
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ
16:39
to find online criminal gangs --
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์ œ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:41
these organized gangs
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์ด ์กฐ์งํ™”๋œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€
16:43
that are making millions out of their attacks.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์–ด๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
That's much more important
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ด
16:47
than running anti-viruses or running firewalls.
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ™”๋ฒฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
What actually matters
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์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
16:51
is actually finding the people behind these attacks,
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์ด ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋ฐฐํ›„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์„ ์ƒ‰์ถœํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:53
and even more importantly,
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
16:55
we have to find the people
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ 
16:57
who are about to become
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
16:59
part of this online world of crime,
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์•„์ง ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์ €์ง€๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์€
17:01
but haven't yet done it.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
We have to find the people with the skills,
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๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ง€๋…”์ง€๋งŒ
17:06
but without the opportunities
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๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด
17:08
and give them the opportunities
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„
17:10
to use their skills for good.
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๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:13
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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