Can we call it a "world map" if it's missing a billion people? | Rebecca Firth

Reviewer: Nika Kotnik

Ko je leta 2017 hurikan Maria opustošil Portoriko,

smo katastrofo vsi spremljali na zaslonih.

Vsaj 160,000 ljudi je moralo od doma,

When Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico in 2017,

skoraj 3,000 jih je umrlo.

Ves otok je ostal brez elektrike

we all watched as a disaster played out on our screens.

in nekatere soseske so bile brez kar 11 mesecev.

At least 160,000 people were displaced,

Veliko opazovalcev ni vedelo, kako naj pomagajo.

and nearly 3,000 people died.

Electricity was cut off to the entire island,

Nekateri so donirali mednarodnim NVOjem.

and some neighborhoods didn't get power back for 11 months.

Drugi so lobirali pri svojih politikih.

A kot pri mnogih krizah

Many of those watching didn't know how to help.

se nas je veliko vdalo brezupu.

Some donated to international NGOs.

Ekipa Humanitarian OpenStreetMap,

Some lobbied their elected officials.

bolj znana kot HOT,

je naredila nekaj drugega.

But as with so many crises,

so many of us simply gave in and felt helpless.

Aktivirali smo 6,000 prostovoljcev z vsega sveta,

At the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap team,

da so vsak portoriški dom in cesto spravili na zemljevid.

also known as HOT,

Tule lahko vidite, kako nastajajo taki zemljevidi.

we did something different.

We mobilized 6,000 volunteers across the world

Ti zemljevidi so pomagali reševalcem oceniti stanje stavb in cest

who mapped every home and every road in Puerto Rico.

ter priskrbeti nujna sredstva, internet ter točke za polnjenje telefonov,

And here you can see the maps those volunteers made taking shape.

v pomoč ljudem, katerih domovi so bili poškodovani.

Responders then used those maps to assess the state of buildings and roads

Vse krize,

vključno s pandemijo Covid-19, sredi katere smo,

and to provide emergency funds, WiFi and phone-charging points

imajo uničujoče lastnosti.

to people whose homes were damaged.

A mnoge imajo nekaj skupnega:

All crises,

including the COVID-19 pandemic we're living through right now,

ljudje, ki jih najbolj prizadenejo, pogosto dobesedno niso na zemljevidu.

have devastating characteristics.

Trenutno več kot milijarda ljudi živi v krajih, ki niso na zemljevidu.

But many of them have one thing in common:

the people hit the hardest are often literally not on the map.

Če poiščete te kraje na spletu,

boste videli samo praznino.

Right now, more than one billion people live in places that are not mapped.

In ta praznina ni le ogromen znak nespoštovanja

do sočloveka,

If you look those places up online,

nepravična je,

you'll see nothing but a blank.

saj povzroča neposredno, dejansko trpljenje, ki se mu lahko izognemo.

And that blank isn't just a huge statement of disrespect

Kako pa izgleda to, da nekdo ni na digitalnem zemljevidu?

to our fellow human beings,

it's an injustice,

causing very direct, very real and very avoidable human suffering.

Živim v Peruju in pred nekaj meseci

so zdravstveni delavci prosili za pomoč z zemljevidi.

So what does not being on the digital map actually look like?

Seveda to območje ni bilo kartografirano,

zato smo lokalnega župana prosili, naj nam nariše pot.

I live in Peru, and a few months ago,

Tole je narisal.

some community health workers asked us to help them map.

Temu kosu papirja je bilo težko slediti. (smeh)

Obviously, where they were wasn't mapped,

Nismo vedeli, kaj te črte predstavljajo.

so to get there, we asked a local mayor to draw the route.

Dodal je par številk in nam zagotovil, da je to čas potovanja,

This is what he drew.

a ko smo se vozili,

This piece of paper was hard to follow. (Laughs)

je bila naša izkušnja drugačna.

We didn't really know what these lines were.

A na gre za to, da bi se izgubili

He put some numbers on there that he assured us were travel times,

ali koga sramotili, ker ne zna risati.

but as we were driving along,

Pomislite, kako neučinkovito je voditi ekipo,

these did not correspond to our reality.

ki mora delati na tem območju,

But this isn't about me getting lost

pa nima zemljevida, po katerem bi se ravnala.

or about shaming someone's bad drawing skills.

In ko so enkrat v pravi vasi,

Think how inefficient it is to manage a team

kako naj zberejo podatke in jih povežejo s tem krajem?

who need to work in this place

Zdravstveni delavci vedo, da je v regiji veliko potreb,

without a map to tell them where they need to go.

veliko slabokrvnih in podhranjenih otrok.

Then, once they're in the right village,

how can they collect some data and associate it to that place?

Ne vedo pa, kje so ti otroci

in kaj te težave povzroča.

Those community health workers know that needs in this region are high,

Radi bi našli domove vseh otrok, mlajših od pet let,

particularly anemia and malnutrition among children.

a kako, brez zemljevida?

They just don't know where those children are,

Po kratkem treningu smo šli risat zemljevide

or what is causing that problem.

They want to be able to locate the home of every child under five,

in tole so izdelali zdravstveni delavci.

Ta zemljevid ima vse potrebno za navigacijo,

but how can they do that without a map?

reke in mostove,

After a brief training, we went out to make a map,

lokalne znamenitosti, šolo, nogometno igrišče, trg.

and this is what those community health workers produced.

In vesela sem, da smo pred par tedni

This map has everything you need to navigate,

dobili klic zdravstvenih delavcev,

like the rivers and bridges,

but it also has every local landmark, the school, the football pitch, the plaza.

ki pravijo, da zemljevid uporabljajo pri zamejitvi Covida-19.

And I'm pleased to say that a few weeks ago,

Morda se boste vprašali,

zakaj ti kraji niso na komercialnih zemljevidih.

we got a call from those community health workers,

and they're using this map in their response containing COVID-19.

Kartografiranje najbolj ranljivih krajev na svetu

pač ni prednostna naloga komercialnih družb,

So you might be thinking:

Why aren't these places on commercial maps?

katerih poslovni model se ponavadi zanaša na oglaševanje in prodajo podatkov.

In short, mapping the most vulnerable places in our world

Najrevnejše skupnosti so pozabljene,

just hasn't been a priority for for-profit companies,

zato dobrodelne organizacije same ustvarjajo zemljevide

whose business models typically rely on advertising and data sales.

za majhna področja, kjer so aktivne.

To počnejo brez povezave in ti sistemi po koncu projekta hitro zastarajo.

This leaves out the poorest communities

and means that individual aid organizations create maps

Soočamo se s pomanjkanjem enostavno deljivih podatkov,

for the small areas that they're working in

ki jih lahko hitro posodabljamo.

in offline systems which rapidly become out-of-date when a project ends.

Imamo pa tudi rešitev.

Delamo z orodjem po imenu OpenStreetMap,

So what we have here is a lack of easily shareable

ki obstaja od leta 2006

and easily updatable data.

in je brezplačen, odprtokodni program, ki ga lahko uporablja vsakdo.

But we also have a solution.

Tako kot vsakdo lahko bere ali ureja članke na Wikipediji,

We map with a tool called OpenStreetMap,

which was founded in 2006

lahko vsak uporablja ali ureja OpenStreetMap

and is a free, open-source tool which anyone can use to map the world.

in ta zemljevid je javna dobrina,

brezplačna in odprta za vse.

Just as anyone can read or edit an article on Wikipedia,

Gradi en zemljevid za vse nas.

Deluje v dveh fazah.

anyone can use or edit the map in OpenStreetMap,

and the resulting map is public good,

Zgradbe in ceste morda še niso na zemljevidu,

free and open for anyone to use,

a vidne so s satelitskih posnetkov.

creating one map for all of us.

Prostovoljci lahko od koderkoli spremenijo satelitske slike v zemljevide,

It works in two phases.

Buildings and roads might not be on the map yet,

tako da narišejo zgradbe in ceste

na njih.

but you can see them clearly in satellite imagery.

To je osnovni zemljevid.

Volunteers working anywhere in the world turn satellite images into maps

Vsak prostovoljec naenkrat

povprečno kartografira do 10 kvadratnih kilometrov,

through drawing the buildings and roads

a če ves ta trud združimo,

on top of them.

We call this a base map.

lahko v nekaj dnevih zarišemo celotna mesta.

On average, each time a volunteer logs in,

they map an area less than 10 kilometers squared,

Potem je tu še lokalno kartografiranje.

but add all those contributions together,

Ljudje, ki živijo in delajo v krajih brez zemljevida,

and you can map entire cities in just a couple of days.

osnovni zemljevid pobarvajo,

določijo, ali je stavba denimo šola ali bolnišnica.

And second, local mapping.

People living and working in the places we're mapping

Dodajo podatke, ki jih na satelitski sliki ne vidimo.

take that base map and color it in,

Ljudje so pripravljeni kartografirati

for example, identifying: Is this building a school or a hospital?

celo v najtežjih okoliščinah

in to lahko počnejo na pametnem telefonu,

Those people add information you can't see in a satellite image.

ki stane le 30 dolarjev.

We found people able and eager to map

Orodje deluje tudi brez povezave,

in even the most challenging situations worldwide,

tako da se lahko pomaga tudi brez stalnega dostopa do interneta

and we've optimized the tools to work on smartphones

in spotoma dodaja stvari na zemljevid,

costing as little as 30 dollars.

Additionally, the tools work offline,

potem pa jih objavimo, ko je internet na voljo.

so people without regular access to cell service can still contribute,

V desetih letih sem videla sodelovati vse vrste ljudi.

adding things to the map as they go about their daily lives,

Begunci so označili pokvarjene vodnjake.

and then uploading when they get access to cell service or WiFi.

Podeželske ženske so dodale imena krajev v lokalnih jezikih.

In 10 years, we've seen people from all walks of life take part.

Tako so ljudje postali dejavni ustvarjalci sprememb

Refugees have mapped broken water points.

v svojih skupnostih.

Rural women have added place names in Indigenous languages.

Od leta 2010 je HOT aktiviral preko 200,000 prostovoljcev,

And, in doing so, people become active agents of change

ki so z OpenStreetMap kartografirali območje,

in their communities.

kjer domuje preko 150 milijonov ljudi.

Since 2010, HOT has engaged over 200,000 volunteers

Te zemljevide uporabljajo reševalci,

ki so tako leta 2010 iz ruševin potresa na Haitiju

who have mapped an area home to more than 150 million people

rešili na stotine ljudi.

in OpenStreetMap.

Zemljevidi pomagajo prinesti cepivo proti otroški paralizi

Those maps have been used by search and rescue operations

po vsem nigerijskem podeželju.

to free hundreds of people trapped in collapsed buildings

Na zemljevid so postavili taborišča, poti in nove domove

after the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

več kot osem milijonov beguncev iz Južnega Sudana, Sirije in Venezuele.

They've been used to provide polio vaccinations to children

across all of rural Nigeria.

Delamo z največjimi svetovnimi humanitarnimi organizacijami,

And they've mapped the camps, routes and new homes

da bi ti zemljevidi res bili koristni:

of more than eight million refugees fleeing South Sudan, Syria and Venezuela.

denimo Rdeči križ, Zdravniki brez meja, UNICEF,

We work with the biggest humanitarian organizations in the world

in trenutno imamo na seznamu še več kot 2,000 krajev,

ki morajo na zemljevid.

to make sure these maps have impact --

Tako smo delali do zdaj.

the Red Cross, Médecins Sans Frontières, UNICEF to name a few --

Ampak, a ne bi bilo krasno, če bi bili ti kraji na zemljevidu,

and we currently have a queue of more than 2,000 places

preden pride kriza?

needing to be mapped.

Pripravljeni smo na naslednji korak.

So that's the story so far.

V zadnjih letih

smo dobili dostop do globalnih, redno posodobljenih satelitskih slik.

But wouldn't it be great if these places were on the map

before they were in crisis?

Strojno učenje in umetna inteligenca pomagata ljudem

Now we're ready for a step change.

delati bolj učinkovito.

Over the past few years,

In vse več ljudi po svetu

we've gained access to global, regularly updated satellite imagery.

želi pomagati kartografirati.

Machine learning and AI are helping human mappers

V naslednjih petih letih

to work more efficiently.

bo milijon prostovoljcev kartografiralo območje,

And worldwide, more and more people are willing and able

kjer živi milijarda najbolj ranljivih ljudi,

to map their communities.

v 94 državah.

Over the next five years,

we'll engage one million volunteers who will map an area

Da bi to dosegli,

moramo narediti tri stvari.

home to the one billion most vulnerable people

Prvič, pridobiti moramo milijon kartografov,

across 94 countries.

ki bodo sestavili svet, ki predstavlja vse ljudi povsod.

To achieve this,

we need to do three things.

Zgradili bomo mrežo regionalnih centrov

First, we need to grow our community to one million mappers,

za usposabljanje in pomoč prostovoljcem,

da bodo na zemljevid dali ranljive kraje v svojih državah.

who will build a world where everyone everywhere is represented.

Drugič, vlagati moramo v tehnologijo.

We'll set up a network of regional hubs

to train and support those volunteers

Sedaj lahko na zemljevid v nekaj sekundah

to map the vulnerable places in their own countries.

dodate stavbo ali znamenitost,

a naučiti se tega dela

Second, we need to invest in technology.

in to početi brez težav z mobilcem,

Right now, you can add something like a building or a local landmark

je lahko problem.

Vlagati moramo v tehnologije,

to the map in just a few seconds,

ki bodo omogočile množično urejanje zemljevidov.

but learning to map

and mapping easily and quickly on a mobile

Tretjič, ozaveščati moramo.

can be a problem.

We need to invest in technologies

Humanitarni projekti po svetu morajo spoznati,

to make mobile edits to the map possible at a massive scale.

da so ti zemljevidi brezplačni in so jim na voljo

in da lahko prosijo za zemljevide na območjih, kjer delajo.

And third, we need to raise awareness.

Aid projects across the world need to know

Zame je to ena najboljših stvari pri tem projektu.

that these maps are free and available for them to use

Ne gre za HOT ali za posamezne organizacije.

and that they can request maps for the areas that they're working in.

Gre za to, da ustvarimo temelj,

ki bo v pomoč veliko organizacijam.

For me, this is one of the most wonderful things about this project.

It isn't really about HOT or any single organization.

Karkoli storimo,

se bodo tragedije in nesreče še dogajale

It's about creating a foundation

in humanitarci se bodo nanje odzivali.

on which so many organizations will thrive.

Razvojni programi se bodo nadaljevali,

Whatever we do,

a brez zemljevidov ne bodo imeli ključnih podatkov

disasters and crises will still happen,

o tem, kaj pričakovati v skupnostih, kamor gredo.

and humanitarians will still respond to them.

Z odprtimi, brezplačnimi, posodobljenimi zemljevidi

Development programs will continue,

bodo ti programi imeli večji učinek kot sicer

but without maps, they'll lack critical information

about what to expect in the community before they get there.

in bodo pomagali reševati in izboljševati življenja.

With open, free, up-to-date maps,

A gre še za veliko več.

those programs will have more impact than they would do otherwise,

leading to a meaningful difference in lives saved or improved.

Smo leta 2020 in milijarda ljudi na tem svetu je nevidnih.

But it's so much more than that.

To ni prav.

Obstaja orodje, s katerim lahko vsak prebivalec Zemlje

It's 2020, and one billion people in our world are not visible.

postane znan in viden,

dobesedno dobi svoje mesto na zemljevidu.

That's wrong.

Kolegi se pritožujejo, da so preveč omreženi;

This is a tool through which every citizen of Planet Earth

kako je torej mogoče, da več kot milijarda ljudi

can become known and seen,

ostaja nevidnih?

to literally be put on the map.

Na srečo lahko ta problem pomagajo rešiti

My peers complain about being too overconnected,

celo najbolj leni med nami.

so how can it be possible for more than a billion people

Če lahko s prstom drsate levo ali desno,

to remain invisible?

lahko pomagate.

Luckily, this is a problem even the laziest among us

Kartografirajte zjutraj

in vplivajte na življenjsko pomembne odločitve to popoldne.

can help to solve.

Zdravstveni in humanitarni delavci dobesedno čakajo na vas.

If you can swipe left or right,

you can help.

Map this morning

Hvala.

and influence life-changing decisions this afternoon.

Frontline health workers and humanitarians are literally waiting for you.

Thank you.