This virtual lab will revolutionize science class | Michael Bodekaer

Translator: Heli Paudel Reviewer: Guhanath Paudel गुहनाथ पौडेल

Today, I am going to show you

आज म तपाईंहरुलाई देखाउँदै छु -

how this tablet and this virtual-reality headset that I'm wearing

कसरी यो ट्याब्लेट र मैंले लगाईरहेको भर्चुयल रियालिटी हेड्सेटले

are going to completely revolutionize science education.

विज्ञान विषयको शिक्षणमा क्रान्ति लेराउँदै छ ।

And I'm also going to show you

साथै म के कुरा पनि देखाउने छु भने -

how it can make any science teacher more than twice as effective.

कसरी यसले विज्ञान शिक्षकलाई दोहोरो प्रभावकारी बनाउन सक्छ ।

But before I show you how all of this is possible,

यसभन्दाअघि, यो कसरी सम्भव छ त्यो तपाईंलाई देखाउँछु

let's talk briefly about why improving the quality of science education

आउनुस् छोटो प्रसंग जोडौं, विज्ञान शिक्षणको गुणस्तरमा सुधार

is so vitally important.

किन महत्वपूर्ण छ ।

If you think about it,

यसो सोच्ने हो भने,

the world is growing incredibly fast.

संसार कति छिटो परिवर्तन भइरहेछ ।

And with that growth comes a whole list of growing challenges,

परिवर्तन सँगसँगै चुनौतीहरु पनि बढ्दा छन् ।

challenges such as dealing with global warming,

बढ्दो चुनौतीहरु- जस्तै : ग्लोबल वार्मिंगको सामना,

solving starvation and water shortages

खाद्यान्न तथा पानीको अभावको समाधान,

and curing diseases,

विभिन्न रोगहरुको उपचार,

to name just a few.

केही थोरै उदाहरण मात्रै ।

And who, exactly, is going to help us solve all of these great challenges?

यी चुनौतिहरुको सामना गर्न, बास्तवमा हामीलाई कसले मद्धत गर्दै छ ?

Well, to a very last degree, it is these young students.

धेरै हदसम्म, यिनै युवा विद्यार्थीहरुले ।

This is the next generation of young, bright scientists.

यी युवा पुस्ता नै भविष्यका होनहार वैज्ञानिक हुन् ।

And in many ways, we all rely on them

धेरै हदसम्म हामी यिनैको भर पर्ने छौं -

for coming up with new, great innovations

भविष्यका नवीनतम र महान् आविष्कारका लागि

to help us solve all these challenges ahead of us.

जसले आउँदा चुनौतीहरुको सामना गर्न हामीलाई सहयोग गर्नेछ ।

And so a couple of years back,

केहि बर्ष अगाडी, मेरो सह संस्थापक र म

my cofounder and I were teaching university students just like these,

यूनिवर्सिटीका विद्यार्थीहरुलाई यसै गरी पढाउँथ्यौं ।

only the students we were teaching looked a little bit more like this here.

हामीले पढाउँदै गर्दा विद्यार्थी लगभग यस्तै हुन्थे होलान् -

(Laughter)

(हाँसो)

And yes, this is really the reality out there

विश्वका कतिपय यूनिवर्सिटीको

in way too many universities around the world:

बास्तविकता हो यो :

students that are bored, disengaged

नीरस, अनि अल्छी मान्दै गरेका विद्यार्थीहरु,

and sometimes not even sure why they're learning about a topic

जसलाई यो विषय किन पढ्दै गरेको

in the first place.

भन्ने पनि मतलब छैन ।

So we started looking around for new, innovative teaching methods,

हामीले हाम्रो वरिपरी नवीन शिक्षा पद्धतीको खोजि गर्यौं ।

but what we found was quite disappointing.

तर हामीले जे भेट्यौं, ती एकदमै निराशाजनक थिए ।

We saw that books were being turned into e-books,

किताबहरु इ-बुकमा रुपान्तरण भएका थिए,

blackboards were being turned into YouTube videos

कालोपाटी - यू ट्युब भिडियोमा परिवर्तित भएका थिए

and lecture hall monologues were being turned into MOOCs --

कक्षा संचालन गरिने हलहरु MOOCs मा बदलिएका थिए

massive online open courses.

(Massive Online Open Courses) ।

And if you think about it,

हामीले पनि यहि गर्यौं भने

all we're really doing here is taking the same content

तिनै पुराना सामग्री

and the same format,

त्यही ढाँचा,

and bringing it out to more students --

अरु विद्यार्थीहरुसम्म पुर्याउँथ्यौं ।

which is great, don't get me wrong, that is really great --

मैंले त्यो तरिका नराम्रो भन्नखोजेको होइन ।

but the teaching method is still more or less the same,

तर शिक्षण पद्धति लगभग उस्तै हुन्थ्यो ,

no real innovation there.

नयाँपन केही हुन्नथ्यो ।

So we started looking elsewhere.

हामी अरु उपाय सोच्न थाल्यौं ।

What we found was that flight simulators had been proven over and over again

हामीले देख्यौं - Flight Simulator (उडान सिकाउने कम्प्युटर खेल)

to be far more effective

वास्तविक उडान तालिम संगै

when used in combination with real, in-flight training to train the pilots.

पाइलटहरुलाई खेल्न दिंदा, तालिम बढी नै प्रभावकारी देखियो ।

And so we thought to ourselves:

हामीले विचार गयौं, यी कुरा

Why not just apply that to science?

विज्ञान शिक्षणमा पनि किन प्रयोग नगर्ने ?

Why not build a virtual laboratory simulator?

किन Virtual Laboratory Simulator नबनाउने ?

Well, we did it.

हामीले ल्याब बनायौं ।

We basically set out to create

विशेषत: एक शिक्षक, एक प्रशिक्षक

a fully simulated, one-to-one, virtual reality laboratory simulator,

हुने गरी हामीले पूर्ण Virtual Reality Laboratory Simulator बनायौं,

where the students could perform experiments

जहाँ बिद्यार्थीहरु वास्तविक संसारको ल्याबमा

with mathematical equations

जस्तै गणितीय समीकरणको साथमा

that would simulate what would happen in a real-world lab.

बिभिन्न प्रयोग गर्न सक्छन् ।

But not just simple simulations --

साधारण Simulations मात्र नभएर

we would also create advanced simulations

MIT जस्ता स्तरीय युनिवर्सिटीसंग मिलेर

with top universities like MIT,

हामीले Advanced Simulations बनायौं ।

to bring out cutting-edge cancer research to these students.

जहाँ, क्यान्सरको Cutting-Edge रिसर्च समेत गर्न सकिन्छ ।

And suddenly, the universities could save millions of dollars

विद्यार्थीहरुलाई वास्तविक रिसर्चमा पठाउनु अघि,

by letting the students perform virtual experiments

Virtual Experiments गर्न दिएर

before they go into the real laboratory.

यूनिवर्सिटीहरुले करोडौं रुपैंया बचाउन सक्छन् ।

And not only that; now, they could also understand --

त्यतिमात्र नभएर ;

even on a molecular level inside the machine --

मसिनको भित्री तह सम्म हेरेर

what is happening to the machines.

मसिनमा के हुदै छ समेत बुझ्न सक्छन् ।

And then they could suddenly perform

उनीहरु ल्याबमा

dangerous experiments in the labs as well.

खतरापूर्ण परिक्षण गर्न समेत सजिलै सक्षम हुनेछन्।

For instance also here,

उदाहरणको लागि:

learning about salmonella bacteria, which is an important topic

साल्मोनेला ब्याक्टेरियाको बारेमा जान्नु एउटा महत्वपुर्ण विषय हो ।

that many schools cannot teach for good safety reasons.

तर सुरक्षाको कारण, धेरै स्कूलहरुले पढाउन सक्दैनन् ।

And we, of course, quiz the students

हामी बिद्यार्थीलाइ यो काम दिएर,

and then give the teachers a full dashboard,

शिक्षकलाइ पुरै ड्यास बोर्ड दिएर, उनीहरुले

so they fully understand where the students are at.

बिद्यार्थीले कत्तिको बुझेका रहेछन, थाहा पाउन सक्छौं ।

But we didn't stop there,

त्यति मात्र होइन,

because we had seen just how important meaning is

बिद्यार्थीलाई किन क्लासमा व्यस्त बनाउन

for the students' engagement in the class.

आवश्यक छ, हामीले बुझेका छौं ।

So we brought in game designers

त्यसैले रमाइलो र आकर्षक कथाहरु जोड्न

to create fun and engaging stories.

हामीले गेम डिजाईनरहरुको मद्धत लियौं ।

For instance, here in this case,

उदाहरणको लागि यो कक्षामा

where the students have to solve a mysterious CSI murder case

आफ्नो विज्ञान क्षमताको पूर्ण सदुपयोग गर्दै

using their core science skills.

बिद्यार्थीहरुले CSI रहस्यमय घटना सुल्झाउनु पर्छ ।

And the feedback we got when we launched all of this

यी कामहरु गर्दा हामीले पाएको प्रतिक्रिया

was quite overwhelmingly positive.

अत्यन्त सकारात्मक छ ।

Here we have 300 students,

यहाँ ३०० जना बिद्यार्थीहरु आफूले

all passionately solving CSI murder cases

जानेको बिज्ञान ज्ञानको प्रयोग गर्दै

while learning core science skills.

धैर्यपूर्वक CSI मर्डर केस सुल्झाउँदै छन ।

And what I love the most about this

मलाई सबैभन्दा रमाइलो लाग्ने कुरा,

is really when the students come up to me sometimes afterwards,

कहिले कहीं बिद्यार्थीहरु क्लास पछि

all surprised and a little confused,

छक्क पर्दै आउछन् र भन्छन्

and say, "I just spent two hours in this virtual lab,

यो Virtual Lab मा Facebook नै नहेरी

and ... and I didn't check Facebook."

२ घण्टा बितेको पत्तै पाइनं ।

(Laughter)

(हाँसो)

That's how engaging and immersive this really is for the students.

यसरी बिद्यार्थीहरुले समय बितेको पत्तै पाऊदैनन् ।

And so, to investigate whether this really worked,

यसको बास्तवमै काम गरेको नगरेको अनुसन्धान गर्न

a learning psychologist did a study with 160 students --

Stanford University र Technical University of

Denmark का १६० बिद्यार्थीहरुमा अनुसन्धान गरियो ।

that was from Stanford University and Technical University of Denmark.

And what they did is split the students into two groups.

उनीहरुले ती बिद्यार्थीहरुको समूहलाई २ भागमा बाँडे -

One group would only use the virtual laboratory simulations,

एउटा समूहलाई Virtual Laboratory Simulations

the other group would only use traditional teaching methods,

र अर्को समूहलाइ पुरानै शिक्षण पद्धति दिइयो ।

and they had the same amount of time.

दुवै समूहलाइ बराबर समय दिइयो ।

Then, interestingly,

अनुसन्धान गर्नु अघि

they gave the students a test before and after the experiment,

र पछि बिद्यार्थीहरुको जांच लिइयो ।

so they could clearly measure the learning impact of the students.

यसरी उनीहरुले विद्यार्थी सिकाई प्रभाबलाई प्रस्ट रुपमा परिक्षण गर्न सकियोस् ।

And what they found

अनुसन्धान नतिजा अनुसार:

was a surprisingly high 76 percent increase in the learning effectiveness

पुरानो शिक्षण पद्धति भन्दा नयाँ पद्धति

पढ्ने ७६% बिद्यार्थीहरुको सिकाई - गुणस्तरीय थियो ।

when using virtual laboratories over traditional teaching methods.

But even more interestingly,

अझ रमाइलो कुरा

the second part of this study investigated

अनुसन्धानको दोस्रो पाटो -

what the teacher's impact was on the learning.

शिक्षकहरुमा पार्ने प्रभाव थियो ।

And what they found

के पत्ता लाग्यो भने -

was that when you combined the virtual laboratories

शिक्षकद्वारा दिइने कक्षा, प्रशिक्षण र

with teacher-led coaching and mentoring,

Virtual Laboratories संयुक्त गर्ने हो भने,

then we saw a total 101 percent increase in the learning effectiveness,

सिकाईको गुणस्तरमा १०१ % ले वृद्धि भएको देखियो ।

which effectively doubles the science teacher's impact

र उत्तिकै समय अबधिमा बिज्ञान शिक्षकको

with the same amount of time spent.

प्रभाव पनि दोब्बर देखियो ।

So a couple of months back,

केहि महिना पछि

we started asking ourselves --

हामीले हामीलाई प्रश्न गर्यौं

we have a wonderful team now of learning psychologists

अहिले हामी संग- प्रशिक्षार्थी मनोबिज्ञ,

and teachers and scientists and game developers --

शिक्षक, बैज्ञानिक, गेम ड़ेवलपरहरुको राम्रो समूह छ

and we started asking ourselves:

फेरी आफैंलाई प्रश्न गर्यौं -

How can we keep ourselves to our promise

निरन्तर नयाँ शिक्षा पद्धति निर्माण गर्ने

of constantly reimagining education?

हाम्रो प्रणलाइ राख्न सक्छौं ?

And today, I am really excited to be presenting what we came up with

हामीले लामो समयदेखि निर्माणगर्दै गरेको र

कठिन कामको बारेमा प्रस्तुत गर्न पाउँदा आज म खुशी छु ।

and have been working incredibly hard to create.

I will explain briefly what this is.

यो के हो त, म छोटकरीमा भन्ने छु ।

Basically, I take my mobile phone --

मेरो हातमा यो मोबाइल फोन छ,

most students already have these, smartphones --

प्राय: बिद्यार्थीहरुसंग पहिले नै यो स्मार्ट फोन छ ।

and I plug it into this virtual-reality headset, a low-cost headset.

मैंले यसलाई Virtual-Reality Headset संग Plug In गरेको छु ।

And now what I can effectively do is,

शाब्दिक रुपमा भन्दा,

I can literally step into this virtual world.

अब म यो Virtual World मा प्रवेश गर्न सक्छु

We'll have some of you in the audience also get to try this,

केही दर्शकहरुलाई पनि हामीले यो मौका दिएका छौं ।

because it is really something that you have to try

कुन हद सम्मको यो वास्तविक संसार लाग्छ,

to fully feel how immersive it really is.

त्यो थाहा पाउन, तपाईंले यो हेर्नैपर्दछ ।

It literally feels like I just stepped inside this virtual lab.

अब म बास्तबिकतामै यो ल्याबमा प्रवेश गरेको महसुस गर्दै छु ।

Do you see me up on the screen?

मलाई स्क्रिनमा देख्नुभो ?

Audience: Yes.

दर्शक : देख्यौं

Michael Bodekaer: Great! Awesome.

माइकल बोडेकर : गज्ज़ब !!

So basically, I have just turned my mobile phone

मैले भर्खरै मेरो मोबाइल फोन अन गरें -

into a fully simulated, million-dollar Ivy League laboratory

अब म, अत्याधुनिक, बिशाल, करोडौं रुपिया पर्ने

with all this amazing equipment that I can interact with.

ल्याबसंग अन्तरक्रिया गर्न सक्छु ।

I can, for instance, pick up the pipette and do experiments with it.

उदाहरणको लागि, अब म यो औजार लिएर अनुसन्धान गर्न सक्छु ।

I have my E-Ggel, my PCR and -- oh, look there,

म संग E-Ggel, PCR छन, हेर्नुस त त्यहाँ

I have my next-generation sequencing machine,

मसंग अत्याधुनिक परीक्षण मसिन छ ।

and there I even have my electron microscope.

त्यहाँ Electron Microscope छ

I mean, who's carrying around an electron microscope in their pocket?

आफ्नो खल्तीमा Electron Microscope राखेर कोही हिड्छ ?

And here I have my machine,

यहाँ परीक्षण उपकरण छ

I can do different experiments on the machine.

यसको सहायताले म बिभिन्न परिक्षण गर्न सक्छु

And over here I have the door,

यहाँ ढोका छ,

I can go into other experiments,

यहाँबाट म अरु परीक्षणमा जान सक्छु,

I can perform in the laboratories.

ल्याबरोटरीमा काम गर्न सक्छु ।

And here, I have my learning tablet.

यो मेरो पढ्ने ट्याब्लेट हो,

This is an intelligent tablet

यो साह्रै चलाख छ ।

that allows me to read about relevant theory.

यसले मलाई Relevant Theory पढ्न दिन्छ ।

As you can see, I can interact with it.

म यससंग अन्तरक्रिया गर्न सक्छु ।

I can watch videos and see content that is relevant

म यसमा विडियो हेर्न सक्छु, परिक्षण गर्दै गरेको बिषयमा

to the experiment that I'm performing right now.

आवस्यक जानकारी खोज्न सक्छु ।

Then over here, I have Marie.

यहाँनिर म्यारी छन् ।

She is my teacher -- my lab assistant --

उनी मेरो शिक्षक र ल्याब सहायक हुन् ।

and what she does is guides me through this whole laboratory.

उनले मलाई सम्पूर्ण ल्याबको पथ प्रदर्शन गराउछिन् ।

And very soon,

चाडै नै

the teachers will be able to literally teleport themselves

शिक्षकहरु अहिले म भैरहेको Virtual संसारमा

into this virtual world that I'm in right now

आफैंलाई Teleport गर्नेछन, अनि यही उपकरणको सहायताले

and help me, guide me, through this whole experiment.

मलाई मद्धत गर्न, मार्ग निर्देशन गर्न सक्नेछन ।

And now before I finalize this,

यो बिषयलाइ सम्पन्न गर्नु अगाडी,

I want to show you an even cooler thing, I think --

म तपाईलाइ अझ मज्जाको कुरा देखाउन गइरहेको छु ।

something you cannot even do in real laboratories.

यस्तो काम तपाईं वास्तविक परीक्षणशाला पनि गर्न पाउनुहुन्न ।

This is a PCR machine.

यो PCR मशिन हो

I'm now going to start this experiment.

अब म यो परिक्षण गर्न जादै छु ।

And what I just did is literally shrunk myself a million times

भर्खरै मैले मेरो आकार लाखौं गुणा सानो बनाएँ,

into the size of a molecule --

झन्डै अणुको आकारमा ।

and it really feels like it, you have to try this.

यो तपाईंले पनि अनुभव गर्नुपर्छ ।

So now it feels like I'm standing inside the machine

यस्तो लाग्दैछ, म मसिन भित्र उभिरहेकोछु ।

and I'm seeing all the DNA, and I see the molecules.

म अणु र DNA सबै देख्दै छु,

I see the polymerase and the enzymes and so forth.

Polymerase र Enzymes देख्दै छु ।

And I can see how in this case,

यतिखेरको अवस्थामा

DNA is being replicated millions of times,

DNA को लाखौं गुणा प्रतिलिपि बन्दै छ,

just like it's happening inside your body right now.

त्यसरी नै जसरी येतिखेर हाम्रो शरीरमा बन्दै छ ।

And I can really feel and understand how all of this works.

यो प्रक्रिया कस्तो हुन्छ भन्ने कुरा म अब नजिकबाट बुझ्न र अनुभव गर्न सक्छु ।

Now, I hope that gives you a little bit of a sense

मलाई आशा छ, नयाँ प्रबिधियुक्त यो मसिनको

of the possibilities in these new teaching methods.

सम्भावनाको अलि अलि ज्ञान भयो होला ।

And I want to also emphasize

र म अगाडी जोड दिन चाहन्छु,

that everything you just saw also works on iPads and laptops

हामीले भर्खर देखेका कुराहरु iPad र Laptop हरुमा

without the headsets.

Headset बिना पनि देख्न सकिन्छ ।

I say that for a very important reason.

यो कुरा महत्वपुर्ण भएकोले भन्दै छु ।

In order for us to really empower and inspire

आउँदो पुस्ताका बैज्ञानिकहरुलाई

the next generation of scientists,

बल र हौसला प्रदान गर्न,

we really need teachers to drive the adoption

शिक्षकहरुले नयाँ प्रविधिहरु आत्मसाथ गर्नु

of new technologies in the classroom.

अत्यन्त आवश्यक छ ।

And so in many ways,

धेरै कारणले मलाई लाग्छ,

I believe that the next big, quantum leap in science education

बिज्ञान शिक्षणमा रहेको Quantum Leap

lies no longer with the technology,

अब प्रविधिको कारण होइन,

but rather with the teachers' decision

कक्षा कोठामा नया प्रबिधि भित्र्याउने

to push forward and adopt these technologies

एवं प्रबिधि आत्मसाथ गर्ने

inside the classrooms.

शिक्षकको बिबेकमा निर्भर गर्दछ ।

And so it is our hope that more universities and schools and teachers

हामीलाई बिश्वास छ, धेरै विश्वविद्यालय, स्कूल

will collaborate with technology companies

शिक्षकले यसको पूर्ण क्षमतालाई बुझ्न

to realize this full potential.

प्राबिधिक सहकार्य गर्नेछन् ।

And so,

lastly, I'd like to leave you with a little story

अन्त्यमा

मलाई सधै प्रेरणादिने

that really inspires me.

यो कथा संगै बिदा माग्दछु -

And that is the story of Jack Andraka.

यो कथा हो ज्याक एन्द्रकाको ।

Some of you might already know him.

तपाईहरुले चिन्नु पनि हुन्छ होला ।

Jack invented a new, groundbreaking low-cost test for pancreatic cancer

ज्याकले न्यून खर्चमा प्यान्क्रियाज क्यान्सर पत्ता लगाउने

प्राबिधि को आविस्कार गरे, १५ बर्षको उमेरमा ।

at the age 15.

And when Jack shares his story of how he did this huge breakthrough,

उसले आफ्नो महान आविस्कारको बारेमा

he also explains that one thing almost prevented him

अरुलाई सुनाउदा भन्छ, एउटा कुराले

यो आविस्कार गर्न झन्डै रोकेको थियो ।

from making this breakthrough.

And that was that he did not have access to real laboratories,

त्यो हो - वास्तविक प्रयोगशालामा उसको पहुँच थिएन ।

because he was too inexperienced

किनकि, ल्याबमा जान उसको अनुभव

to be allowed in.

अत्यन्त थोरै थियो ।

Now, imagine if we could bring

कल्पना गरौँ, हामीले यदि संसारभरी नै,

Ivy League, million-dollar virtual laboratories

ज्याकजस्ता सबै बिद्यार्थीलाई अत्याधुनिक,

out to all these students just like Jack,

करोडौं रुपया पर्ने,

all over the world,

and give them the latest, greatest, most fancy machines you can imagine

Virtual Lab र

मसिन-उपकरण दिने हो भने,

that would quite literally make any scientist in here

jump up and down out of pure excitement.

खुशीले उफ्रंदै जो कोहि पनि यहाँ

And then imagine how that would empower and inspire

बैज्ञानिक बन्नेछन् ।

अनुमान लगाउनुहोस्, यसले नयाँ पुस्ताका समग्र जवान र जेहेन्दार

a whole new generation of young and bright scientists,

बैज्ञानिकहरुलाई नया अन्वेसण र आविष्कारले संसार परिवर्तन गराउन

ready to innovate and change the world.

कति हौसला र शक्ति दिनेछ

Thank you very much.

धेरै धेरै धन्यवाद !!

(Applause)

(ताली)