Inside the mind of a former radical jihadist | Manwar Ali

1,051,840 views ใƒป 2016-11-14

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: DFLHS X TED TRANSLATORS ๊ฒ€ํ† : Gichung Lee
00:12
Today I stand before you as a man who lives life to the full
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ์•ž์— ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์‚ด์•„์˜จ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
00:16
in the here and now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
But for a long time,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:20
I lived for death.
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์ฃฝ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ด์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
I was a young man who believed
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๊ณผ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ
00:25
that jihad is to be understood in the language of force and violence.
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์ดํ•ด๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ Š์€ ์ฒญ๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
I tried to right wrongs through power and aggression.
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์ €๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํž˜๊ณผ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
I had deep concerns for the suffering of others
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฐ ๊ฑฑ์ •๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ณ 
00:42
and a strong desire to help and bring relief to them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
I thought violent jihad was noble,
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์ €๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋ฉฐ
00:52
chivalrous
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”
00:53
and the best way to help.
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์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:57
At a time when so many of our people --
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
00:59
young people especially --
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์ด
01:00
are at risk of radicalization
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์•Œ ์นด์—๋‹ค
01:03
through groups like al-Qaeda,
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IS๊ฐ™์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:05
Islamic State and others,
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๊ธ‰์ง„์ฃผ์˜์— ๋น ์งˆ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋งŽ์„ ๋•Œ
01:07
when these groups are claiming
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜
01:09
that their horrific brutality and violence are true jihad,
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ž”์ธํ•จ๊ณผ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ๋•Œ
01:14
I want to say that their idea of jihad is wrong --
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
completely wrong --
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
as was mine, then.
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01:23
Jihad means to strive to one's utmost.
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
It includes exertion and spirituality,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์˜์„ฑ
01:29
self-purification
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ •ํ™”์™€
01:31
and devotion.
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ํ—Œ์‹ ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
It refers to positive transformation
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ๊ณผ ์ง€ํ˜œ, ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ํ†ตํ•œ
01:37
through learning, wisdom and remembrance of God.
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๊ธ์ •์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
The word jihad stands for all those meanings as a whole.
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ „์ฒด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Jihad may at times take the form of fighting,
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์›€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:51
but only sometimes,
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋”๋งŒ
01:53
under strict conditions,
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์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ
01:56
within rules and limits.
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๋˜ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์ œํ•œ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
In Islam,
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์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์—์„ 
02:01
the benefit of an act must outweigh the harm or hardship it entails.
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ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์ด์ต์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
More importantly,
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:09
the verses in the Koran that are connected to jihad or fighting
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋‚˜ ์‹ธ์›€๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ์ฝ”๋ž€์˜ ๊ตฌ์ ˆ๋“ค์€
02:13
do not cancel out the verses that talk about forgiveness,
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์šฉ์„œ์™€ ๋ฐ•์• , ์ธ๋‚ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
02:19
benevolence
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๊ตฌ์ ˆ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ์‡„์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
or patience.
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02:25
But now I believe that there are no circumstances on earth
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๊ฐ€
02:29
where violent jihad is permissible,
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ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
because it will lead to greater harm.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
02:37
But now the idea of jihad has been hijacked.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ณ€์งˆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
It has been perverted to mean violent struggle
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์™œ๊ณก๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:43
wherever Muslims are undergoing difficulties,
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์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต๋„๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ 
02:46
and turned into terrorism
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์•Œ ์นด์—๋‹ค์™€ IS ๋“ฑ์˜
02:48
by fascistic Islamists like al-Qaeda,
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ํŒŒ์‹œ์ฆ˜์ ์ธ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต๋„๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด
02:51
Islamic State and others.
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ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
But I have come to understand
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ž€
02:56
that true jihad means striving to the utmost
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์‹ ๊ป˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๋•๋ชฉ๋“ค์„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:00
to strengthen and live those qualities which God loves:
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ง€๋กœ ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
honesty, trustworthiness,
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์ •์ง๊ณผ ์‹ ์šฉ
03:06
compassion, benevolence,
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๋™์ •์‹ฌ, ๋ฐ•์• 
03:08
reliability, respect,
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์‹ ๋ขฐ, ์กด์ค‘
03:10
truthfulness --
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์ฐธ๋จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
03:12
human values that so many of us share.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋“ค์„์š”.
03:18
I was born in Bangladesh,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ
03:20
but grew up mostly in England.
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
And I went to school here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”์ง€์š”.
03:24
My father was an academic,
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์ œ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ํ•™์ž์…จ๊ณ 
03:26
and we were in the UK through his work.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜๊ตญ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
In 1971 we were in Bangladesh when everything changed.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•œ 1971๋…„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:36
The War of Independence impacted upon us terribly,
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๋…๋ฆฝ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:39
pitting family against family,
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๋‹คํˆฌ๊ณ 
03:41
neighbor against neighbor.
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์ด์›ƒ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๋‹คํˆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
And at the age of 12 I experienced war,
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์ €๋Š” 12์‚ด์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋กœ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ
03:46
destitution in my family,
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค
03:48
the deaths of 22 of my relatives in horrible ways,
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์ €์˜ ํฐ ํ˜•์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ
03:52
as well as the murder of my elder brother.
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์นœ์ฒ™ 22๋ช…์˜ ์ฐธํ˜นํ•œ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
I witnessed killing ...
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ด์ธ ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
animals feeding on corpses in the streets,
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๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋“ค์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ด์•˜๊ณ 
04:05
starvation all around me,
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์ œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆผ์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:07
wanton, horrific violence --
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์ž”ํ˜นํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ
04:09
senseless violence.
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๋ฌด๊ฐ๊ฐํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฌดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
I was a young man,
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์ €๋Š” ์ Š์€ ์ฒญ๋…„์ด์ž
04:16
teenager, fascinated by ideas.
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
I wanted to learn,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:20
but I could not go to school for four years.
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4๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
After the War of Independence,
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๋…๋ฆฝ ์ „์Ÿ ์ดํ›„
04:26
my father was put in prison for two and a half years,
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” 2๋…„ ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์‚ด์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์…จ๊ณ 
04:29
and I used to visit him every week in prison,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งค์ฃผ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณค ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:33
and homeschooled myself.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ™ˆ์Šค์ฟจ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
My father was released in 1973
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1973๋…„์— ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ํ’€๋ ค๋‚˜์…จ๊ณ 
04:39
and he fled to England as a refugee,
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๋‚œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์˜๊ตญ์— ๊ฐ€์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
and we soon followed him.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณง ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
I was 17.
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์ €๋Š” 17์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
So these experiences gave me
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
04:48
a sharp awareness of the atrocities and injustices in the world.
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์„ธ๊ฒŒ์˜ ์ž”ํ˜นํ•จ๊ณผ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
And I had a strong desire --
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์—ด๋ง์„
04:56
a very keen, deep desire --
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ„์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊นŠ์€ ์—ด๋ง์„
04:58
to right wrongs
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๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก๊ณ 
04:59
and help the victims of oppression.
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์–ต์••๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šธ ์—ด๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
While studying at college in the UK,
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์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
05:04
I met others who showed me how I could channel that desire
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์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ €์˜ ์—ด๋ง๊ณผ ๋„์›€์„ ํ‘œ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
05:10
and help through my religion.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
And I was radicalized --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:15
enough to consider violence correct,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:19
even a virtue under certain circumstances.
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ๋“ค์— ํ•œํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
So I became involved in the jihad in Afghanistan.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์˜ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ์— ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
I wanted to protect the Muslim Afghan population against the Soviet army.
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์ €๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์—ํŠธ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋งž์„  ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„ ๋ฌด์Šฌ๋ฆผ๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:32
And I thought that was jihad:
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์ €์˜ ์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์˜๋ฌด์ด์ž
05:35
my sacred duty,
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ํ›—๋‚  ์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„
05:36
which would be rewarded by God.
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
I became a preacher.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ค๊ต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
05:47
I was one of the pioneers of violent jihad in the UK.
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ฒ™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
05:53
I recruited,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:54
I raised funds, I trained.
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๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ›ˆ๋ จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
I confused true jihad
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์ €๋Š” ํŒŒ์‹œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•œ
05:59
with this perversion as presented by the fascist Islamists --
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์™œ๊ณก๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
06:05
these people who use the idea of jihad
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์•Œ์นด์—๋‹ค, IS, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘๋‹จ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŒŒ์‹œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด
06:08
to justify their lust for power, authority and control on earth:
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ, ๊ถŒ์œ„, ์ง€๋ฐฐ๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์š•๋ง์„
06:13
a perversion perpetuated today by fascist Islamist groups
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•˜๋Š”
06:18
like al-Qaeda, Islamic State and others.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์™œ๊ณก๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง„์งœ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
For a period of around 15 years,
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์•ฝ 15๋…„์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
06:25
I fought for short periods of time
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์ €๋Š” ์งง์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
06:30
in Kashmir and Burma,
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์นด์Šˆ๋ฏธ๋ฅด์™€ ๋ฒ„๋งˆ
06:32
besides Afghanistan.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ๋„ ํˆฌ์Ÿํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
Our aim was to remove the invaders,
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์นจ์ž…์ž๋“ค์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ 
06:40
to bring relief to the oppressed victims
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์–ต์••๋œ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
06:44
and of course to establish an Islamic state,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€
06:48
a caliphate for God's rule.
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์‹ ์˜ ๋ฒ•์น™์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นผ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์ œ๊ตญ์„ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
And I did this openly.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต๊ณต์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
I didn't break any laws.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋„ ์–ด๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
I was proud and grateful to be British --
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์ž„์— ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•จ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
I still am.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
And I bore no hostility against this, my country,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด, ์ €์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ ์˜๋„ ํ’ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ 
07:05
nor enmity towards the non-Muslim citizens,
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๋น„์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต๋„์—๊ฒŒ ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:09
and I still don't.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ’ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
During one battle in Afghanistan,
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ „์Ÿ ์ค‘
07:16
some British men and I formed a special bond
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์˜๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์œ ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
with a 15-year-old Afghani boy,
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15์‚ด์˜ ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„ ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด
07:22
Abdullah,
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์••๋‘˜๋ผ๋Š”
07:24
an innocent, loving and lovable kid
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์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ด์ด๋ฉฐ
07:27
who was always eager to please.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์•„์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
He was poor.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
And boys like him did menial tasks in the camp.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์บ ํ”„์—์„œ ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
And he seemed happy enough,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด๋ณด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ
07:38
but I couldn't help wonder --
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์ €๋Š” ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
his parents must have missed him dearly.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
And they must have dreamt about a better future for him.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ด ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
A victim of circumstance caught up in a war,
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์ „์Ÿ์— ํœ˜๋ง๋ฆฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ํฌ์ƒ์–‘์—๊ฒŒ
07:52
cruelly thrust upon him
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์ž”์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋‹ฅ์ณค๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
07:54
by the cruel circumstances of the time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž”์ธํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
One day I picked up this unexploded mortar shell in a trench,
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์–ด๋Š๋‚  ์ €๋Š” ์ฐธํ˜ธ์—์„œ ์ด ํ„ฐ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฐ•๊ฒฉํฌ๋ฅผ ์ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:06
and I had it deposited in a makeshift mud hut lab.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž„์‹œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ง„ํ™ ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
And I went out on a short, pointless skirmish --
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์ €๋Š” ์งง๊ณ , ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ
08:14
always pointless,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ๊ณ 
08:16
And I came back a few hours later to discover he was dead.
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๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„์— ๋Œ์•„์™”์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฃฝ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
He had tried to recover explosives from that shell.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํŒŒ๊ฒฉํฌ์—์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
It exploded, and he died a violent death,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ„ฐ์กŒ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์‚ฐ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚˜์„œ ์ž”์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
blown to bits by the very same device that had proved harmless to me.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ฌดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:33
So I started to question.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
How did his death serve any purpose?
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:42
Why did he die and I lived?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฃฝ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ด์•˜์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:45
I carried on.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
I fought in Kashmir.
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์ €๋Š” ์นด์‰ฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅด์—์„œ ์‹ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:48
I also recruited for the Philippines,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€์ธ๋“ค
08:51
Bosnia and Chechnya.
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๋ณด์Šค๋‹ˆ์•„์ธ๋“ค, ์ฒด์ฝ”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์ง‘๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
And the questions grew.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๋ฌธ์€ ์ปค์ ธ๋งŒ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
Later in Burma,
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์ดํ›„, ๋ฏธ์–€๋งˆ์—์„œ
08:59
I came across Rohingya fighters,
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๋กœํžˆ๋ƒ ์ „์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋๋Š”๋ฐ
09:02
who were barely teenagers,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๊ธ€์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ์ง„
09:04
born and brought up in the jungle,
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๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๊ณผ ์œ ํƒ„ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
09:06
carrying machine guns and grenade launchers.
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๊ณ ์ž‘ ์‹ญ๋Œ€์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
I met two 13-year-olds with soft manners and gentle voices.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋งค๋„ˆ์™€ ์˜จํ™”ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ 13์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ๋‘๋ช…์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
Looking at me,
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
09:20
they begged me to take them away to England.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋นŒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
They simply wanted to go to school --
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์ € ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
that was their dream.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฟˆ์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
09:36
My family --
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๋‚ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ
09:37
my children of the same age --
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜์ด ๋˜๋ž˜์˜ ๋‚˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€
09:39
were living at home in the UK,
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
09:42
going to school,
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ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ
09:43
living a safe life.
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜
09:45
And I couldn't help wonder
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09:47
how much these young boys must have spoken to one another
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์„ ์„œ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์„์ง€
๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
about their dreams for such a life.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž
09:54
Victims of circumstances:
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๊ฑฐ์นœ ๋•…์—์„œ ์ž๊ณ  ๋ณ„๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋Š”
09:58
these two young boys,
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์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์˜ ์˜๊ด‘๊ณผ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๋ง์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
10:00
sleeping rough on the ground, looking up at the stars,
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๋ƒ‰์†Œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฉ์ทจ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”
10:03
cynically exploited by their leaders
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์ด ๋‘ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
for their personal lust for glory and power.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณง ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ผ์ด๋ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์—์„œ
10:09
I soon witnessed boys like them killing one another
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10:13
in conflicts between rival groups.
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์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
And it was the same everywhere ...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
Afghanistan, Kashmir, Burma,
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„, ์นด์Šˆ๋ฏธ๋ฅด, ๋ฏธ์–€๋งˆ
10:23
Philippines, Chechnya;
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ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€, ์ฒด์ฒธ ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ
10:26
petty warlords got the young and vulnerable to kill one another
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ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ๊ตฐ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ฝํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ
10:30
in the name of jihad.
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
Muslims against Muslims.
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๋ฌด์Šฌ๋ฆผ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌด์Šฌ๋ฆผ.
10:37
Not protecting anyone against invaders or occupiers;
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์นจ๋žต๊ตฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์ ๋ น๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
10:42
not bringing relief to the oppressed.
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์–ต์••๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:46
Children being used,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ 
10:47
cynically exploited;
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๋ƒ‰์†Œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฉ์ทจ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ 
10:49
people dying in conflicts
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๋ถ„์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
10:51
which I was supporting in the name of jihad.
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
And it still carries on today.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
Realizing that the violent jihad
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ํ•ด์™ธ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์—ˆ์—ˆ๋˜
11:07
I had engaged in abroad
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ๊ฐ€
11:13
was so different --
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
11:17
such a chasm between what I had experienced
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
11:22
and what I thought was sacred duty --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์˜๋ฌด๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒผ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•„
11:24
I had to reflect on my activities here in the UK.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ €์˜ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
I had to consider my preaching,
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์ €๋Š” ์ €์˜ ์„ค๊ต์™€
11:32
recruiting, fund-raising,
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๋ชจ์ง‘, ๋ชจ๊ธˆ
11:33
training,
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ํ›ˆ๋ จ
11:35
but most importantly, radicalizing --
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
sending young people to fight and die
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ฃฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
11:40
as I was doing --
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:42
all totally wrong.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
So I got involved in violent jihad in the mid '80s,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์— ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
11:51
starting with Afghanistan.
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์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ์—์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
And by the time I finished it was in the year 2000.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋๋ƒˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” 2000๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
I was completely immersed in it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ชฐ์ž…ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
All around me people supported,
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์ œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ 
12:02
applauded,
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๋ฐ•์ˆ˜ ๊ฐˆ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
12:03
even celebrated what we were doing in their name.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
But by the time I learned to get out,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ
12:10
completely disillusioned in the year 2000,
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ™˜์ƒ์„ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ฆฐ 2000๋…„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:12
15 years had passed.
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15๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
So what goes wrong?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
12:20
We were so busy talking about virtue,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋•'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š๋ผ ์ •์‹ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
12:25
and we were blinded by a cause.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ฉ€์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
And we did not give ourselves a chance to develop a virtuous character.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๊ฒฐํ•œ ์ธ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
We told ourselves we were fighting for the oppressed,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ต์••๋œ ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์„ธ๋‡Œ์‹œ์ผฐ์ง€๋งŒ
12:41
but these were unwinnable wars.
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๊ทธ ์‹ธ์›€์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
We became the very instrument through which more deaths occurred,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž”์ธํ•œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
12:49
complicit in causing further misery
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์ฐธํ•จ์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๋ฃจ๋œ
12:53
for the selfish benefit of the cruel few.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
So over time,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„
13:05
a very long time,
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๋งค์šฐ ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋’ค์—
13:08
I opened my eyes.
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๋“œ๋””์–ด ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋–ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
I began to dare
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐํžˆ
13:15
to face the truth,
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์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ 
13:16
to think,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ
13:19
to face the hard questions.
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์–ด๋ ค์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
13:21
I got in touch with my soul.
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์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
What have I learned?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
13:36
That people who engage in violent jihadism,
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์ €๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ์ฃผ์˜์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
13:42
that people who are drawn to these types of extremisms,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
13:46
are not that different to everyone else.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
But I believe such people can change.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
They can regain their hearts and restore them
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์น˜์œ  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ
13:57
by filling them with human values that heal.
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์ฑ„์›€์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋˜์ฐพ๊ณ  ํšŒ๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
When we ignore the realities,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„
14:09
we discover that we accept what we are told without critical reflection.
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๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์—†์ด ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
And we ignore the gifts and advantages that many of us would cherish
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๋˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•  ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ด์ ๋“ค์„
14:21
even for a single moment in their lives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
I engaged in actions I thought were correct.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
But now I began to question how I knew what I knew.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์‹ ๋…์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
I endlessly told others to accept the truth,
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์ €๋Š” ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋‚จ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์คฌ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
14:43
but I failed to give doubt its rightful place.
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๊ทธ ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
This conviction that people can change is rooted in my experience,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด ์‹ ๋…์€ ์ œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋งŒ์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
14:57
my own journey.
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๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
Through wide reading,
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๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋…์„œ
15:02
reflecting,
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๋ฐ˜์„ฑ
15:04
contemplation, self-knowledge,
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๋ฌต์ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๊ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
15:06
I discovered,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด
15:07
I realized that Islamists' world of us and them is false and unjust.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
Through considering the uncertainties in all that we had asserted,
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์ด๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ด์˜จ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
15:21
to the inviolable truths,
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์นจ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ
15:23
incontestable truths,
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๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ
15:26
I developed a more nuanced understanding.
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์ €๋Š” ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ดํ•ด์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
I realized that in a world crowded with variation and contradiction,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณ€์งˆ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐฌ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š”
15:41
foolish preachers,
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์˜ค์ง ์˜ˆ์ „์˜ ์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์„ค๊ต์ž๋“ค๋งŒ์ด
15:43
only foolish preachers like I used to be,
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ํ™”์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ ์„
15:46
see no paradox in the myths and fictions they use to assert authenticity.
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
So I understood the vital importance of self-knowledge,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ๊ณผ
15:57
political awareness
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์ •์น˜์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ
16:00
and the necessity for a deep and wide understanding
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
16:04
of our commitments and our actions,
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๊นŠ์€ ์ดํ•ด์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„
16:07
how they affect others.
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์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
So my plea today to everyone,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ €์˜ ๋ถ€ํƒ์€
16:12
especially those who sincerely believe in Islamist jihadism ...
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ ์ง€ํ•˜๋“œ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ œ ๋ถ€ํƒ์€...
16:18
refuse dogmatic authority;
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๋…๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๊ถŒ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
16:22
let go of anger, hatred and violence;
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๋ถ„๋…ธ, ์ฆ์˜ค, ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ 
16:27
learn to right wrongs
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์ž”ํ˜นํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ, ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š”
16:28
without even attempting to justify cruel, unjust and futile behavior.
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์‹œ๋„์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰์œ„๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:36
Instead create a few beautiful and useful things
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๋Œ€์‹ ์—, ๋ช‡๊ฐœ์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ์“ธ๋ชจ์žˆ๋Š”
16:40
that outlive us.
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ํ›„์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „ํ•ด์งˆ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:45
Approach the world, life,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ƒ์—
16:47
with love.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:50
Learn to develop
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๋‚จ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ๋Ÿ‰ํ•จ, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€
16:51
or cultivate your hearts
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
16:52
to see goodness, beauty and truth in others and in the world.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:57
That way we do matter more to ourselves ...
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ
17:01
to each other,
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์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ
17:03
to our communities
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—๊ฒŒ
17:04
and, for me, to God.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์™€ ์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ํฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
This is jihad --
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ ๋…
17:08
my true jihad.
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์ œ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์‹ ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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