Helping humans and animals live together | Jane Goodall

66,642 views ใƒป 2008-09-08

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jung-Hoon Jee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yukyung Kim
00:19
Good afternoon, good evening, whatever.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ '์ข‹์€ ์ €๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š”.
00:23
We can go, jambo, guten Abend, bonsoir,
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'์ž ๋ณด', '๊ตฌํ… ์•„๋ฒคํŠธ', '๋ด‰์ˆ˜์•„' ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
00:28
but we can also ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh.
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์ด๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -- ์šฐ, ์šฐ, ์šฐ, ์šฐ, ์šฐ, ์šฐ, ์šฐ, ์šฐ
00:38
That is the call that chimpanzees make
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €๋…์— ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด
00:41
before they go to sleep in the evening.
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์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
You hear it going from one side of the valley to the other,
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์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ณก ํ•œ ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ
00:47
from one group of nests to the next.
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ํ•œ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
And I want to pick up with my talk this evening
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋… ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
00:54
from where Zeray left off yesterday.
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์–ด์ œ ์ œ๋ผ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
He was talking about this amazing, three-year-old Australopithecine child, Selam.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šด ์„ธ์‚ด๋ฐ•์ด ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ž„๋กœํ”ผํ…Œ์ฟ ์Šค, ์„ธ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
And we've also been hearing about the history, the family tree, of mankind
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” DNA ํ”„๋กœํ•„ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ
01:12
through DNA genetic profiling.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ๊ฐ€๊ณ„๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
And it was a paleontologist, the late Louis Leakey,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์ž‘๊ณ ํ•˜์‹  ๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š”
01:20
who actually set me on the path for studying chimpanzees.
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์ €๋ฅผ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธธ๋กœ ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
And it was pretty extraordinary, way back then.
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๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํ”์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜€์ง€์š”.
01:27
It's kind of commonplace now,
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๋น„๋ก ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ”ํ•ด์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ.
01:29
but his argument was -- because he'd been searching
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์— ์‚ด์•˜๋˜
01:32
for the fossilized remains of early humans in Africa.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ™”์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ
01:37
And you can tell an awful lot
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊น€์ƒˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
01:40
about what those beings looked like from the fossils,
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ํ™”์„๊ณผ ๊ทผ์œก ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ถ€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:43
from the shape of the muscle attachments,
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์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
something about the way they lived
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ™œ์ƒ๋„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋Š”
01:48
from the various artifacts found with them.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
But what about how they behaved? That's what he wanted to know.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
And of course, behavior doesn't fossilize.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ–‰๋™์€ ํ™”์„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€์š”.
01:57
He argued -- and it's now a fairly common theory --
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ด๋ก ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
that if we found behavior patterns similar or the same
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์นœ์ฒ™๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์œ ์ธ์›๋“ค๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
02:07
in our closest living relatives, the great apes, and humans today,
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๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™ ์–‘์‹์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:11
then maybe those behaviors were present in the ape-like,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์œ ์ธ์›๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ
02:15
human-like ancestor some seven million years ago.
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7๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ๋…„ ์ „์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
02:19
And therefore, perhaps we had brought those characteristics with us
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์•„๋งˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
02:23
from that ancient, ancient past.
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๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
Well, if you look in textbooks today that deal with human evolution,
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์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ฑ…์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ
02:31
you very often find people speculating about how early humans
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ–ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ฅผ
02:35
may have behaved, based on the behavior of chimpanzees.
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
They are more like us than any other living creature,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‹ฎ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
and we've heard about that during this TED Conference.
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์ด๋ฒˆ TED ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
So it remains for me to comment on the ways in which chimpanzees
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ €๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ
02:51
are so like us, in certain aspects of their behavior.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ผญ ๋‹ฎ์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
Every chimpanzee has his or her own personality.
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ์ž ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
Of course, I gave them names. They can live to be 60 years or more,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 60๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
although we think most of them probably don't make it to 60 in the wild.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ผ์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ 60์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Mr. Wurzel. The female has her first baby when she's 11 or 12.
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์›Œ์ฆ ์”จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์•”์ปท์€ 11์‚ด ํ˜น์€ 12์‚ด์— ์ฒซ์งธ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜๊ณ 
03:15
Thereafter, she has one baby only every five or six years,
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๊ทธ ๋’ค๋กœ 5, 6๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์”ฉ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
a long period of childhood dependency when the child is nursing,
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์–ด๋ฏธ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ์•„๊ธฐ๋Š”
03:24
sleeping with the mother at night, and riding on her back.
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์—„๋งˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๊ณ , ๋“ฑ์— ์—…ํ˜€ ์ž๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
And we believe that this long period of childhood
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์ด ๊ธด ์œ ๋…„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
03:31
is important for chimpanzees, just as it is for us, in relation to learning.
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ํ•™์Šต์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
As the brain becomes ever more complex
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
03:38
during evolution in different forms of animals,
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๋‘๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
03:42
so we find that learning plays an ever more important role
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•™์Šต์ด ๊ฐœ์ฒด์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์— ๋งค์šฐ
03:45
in an individual's life history.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
And young chimpanzees spend a lot of time watching what their elders do.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
We know now that they're capable of imitating behaviors that they see.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ณธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
And we believe that it's in this way
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
04:01
that the different tool-using behaviors -- that have now been seen
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๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค,
04:04
in all the different chimpanzee populations studied in Africa --
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์ด
04:08
how these are passed from one generation to the next,
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์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์ „ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
through observation, imitation and practice,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ, ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ, ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„
04:14
so that we can describe these tool-using behaviors as primitive culture.
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์›์‹œ์  ๋ฌธํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Chimpanzees don't have a spoken language. We've talked about that.
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€์—๊ฒ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
04:23
They do have a very rich repertoire of postures and gestures,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธ์™€ ๋ชธ์ง“์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
many of which are similar, or even identical, to ours
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ณ 
04:31
and formed in the same context. Greeting chimpanzees embracing.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์ฃ .
04:35
They also kiss, hold hands, pat one another on the back.
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ํ‚ค์Šคํ•˜๊ณ , ์•…์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‘๋“ค๊ฒจ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
And they swagger and they throw rocks.
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๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ์„ ๋˜์ง€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
04:42
In chimpanzee society, we find many, many examples of compassion,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋™์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
precursors to love and true altruism.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๊ณผ ์ดํƒ€์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ทผ์›์ด์ฃ .
04:51
Unfortunately, they, like us, have a dark side to their nature.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๋ณธ์„ฑ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
They're capable of extreme brutality, even a kind of primitive war.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž”์ธํ•œ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
And these really aggressive behaviors, for the most part,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„
05:03
are directed against individuals of the neighboring social group.
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์ด์›ƒํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ฒด๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
They are very territorially aggressive.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜์—ญ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
Chimpanzees, I believe, more than any other living creature,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—
05:16
have helped us to understand that, after all, there is no sharp line
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๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์„ ์€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๋™๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค
05:20
between humans and the rest of the animal kingdom.
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์ž˜ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
It's a very blurry line, and it's getting more blurry all the time
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ํ๋ฆฟํ•ด์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
05:27
as we make even more observations.
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์ ์  ๋” ํ๋ ค์ง€๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
The study that I began in 1960 is still continuing to this day.
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1960๋…„์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
And these chimpanzees, living their complex social lives in the wild,
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์•ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด
05:40
have helped -- more than anything else --
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๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค
05:43
to make us realize we are part of, and not separated from,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šด ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๋ฉฐ
05:47
the amazing animals with whom we share the planet.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
So it's pretty sad to find that chimpanzees,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
05:53
like so many other creatures around the world, are losing their habitats.
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์‚ด ๊ณณ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
This is just one photograph from the air,
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๊ณต์ค‘์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€
06:00
and it shows you the forested highlands of Gombe.
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๊ณฐ๋น„์˜ ๊ณ ์ง€๋Œ€์— ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
And it was when I flew over the whole area, about 16 years ago,
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์•ฝ 16๋…„ ์ „, ์ด ์ง€์—ญ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณธ ์ด ์ˆฒ์€
06:10
and realized that outside the park, this forest,
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1960๋…„์—” ํƒ•๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์นด ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋™์ชฝ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ
06:13
which in 1960 had stretched almost unbroken
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๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
along the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika,
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์ด์ œ๋Š” 30์ œ๊ณฑ๋งˆ์ผ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๊ณฐ๋น„ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์›๋งŒ
06:19
which is where the tiny, 30-square-mile Gombe National Park lies,
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๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
06:24
that a question came to my mind.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
"How can we even try to save these famous chimpanzees,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒํ•˜๋ฉด ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ.
06:31
when the people living around the National Park are struggling to survive?"
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์› ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์• ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ.
06:35
More people are living there than the land could possibly support.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—” ๋•…์ด ๋ถ€์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
The numbers increased by refugees pouring in from Burundi
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๋ธŒ๋ฃฌ๋””์—์„œ ์Ÿ์•„์ ธ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๋‚œ๋ฏผ๋“ค๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋”์šฑ ๋Š˜์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
06:43
and over the lake from Congo.
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ ์ฝฉ๊ณ ์—์„œ๋„ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
And very poor people -- they couldn't afford to buy food from elsewhere.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์˜ฌ ์—ฌ๋ ฅ์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์ง€์š”.
06:52
This led to a program, which we call TACARE.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด TACARE ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
It's a very holistic way of improving the lives
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต์› ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„
07:00
of the people living in the villages around the park.
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๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
It started small with 12 villages. It's now in 24.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—” 12๊ฐœ ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด, ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 24๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
There isn't time to go into it, but it's including things like tree nurseries,
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ใ…†
07:12
methods of farming most suitable to this now very degraded,
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ํ—๋ฒ—์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฐ ์œ„์— ๋ฌ˜๋ชฉ์„ ์‹ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ
07:16
almost desert-like land up in these mountains.
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์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ž‘๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
Ways of controlling, preventing soil erosion.
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ํ† ์–‘ ์นจ์‹์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฑ…๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
07:23
Ways of reclaiming overused farmland,
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ํ”ผํํ•ด์ง„ ๋•…์„ ๋˜์‚ด๋ ค์„œ
07:26
so that within two years they can again be productive.
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2๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฒฝ์ž‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค
07:29
Working to help the villagers obtain fresh water from wells.
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๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ ,
07:35
Perhaps build some schoolrooms.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ์ผ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
Most important of all, I believe,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์€
07:41
is working with small groups of women,
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์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ง‘๋‹จ์—๊ฒŒ
07:45
providing them with opportunities for micro-credit loans.
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์†Œ์•ก ๋Œ€์ถœ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
And we've got, as is the case around the world,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
07:52
about 95 percent of all loans returned.
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๋Œ€์ถœ ํšŒ์ˆ˜์œจ์€ 95% ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
Empowering women, working with education,
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
08:01
providing scholarships for girls so they can finish secondary school,
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์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ์ฃผ์–ด ์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋งˆ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
in the clear understanding that, all around the world,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ต์œก์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก
08:10
as women's education improves, family size drops.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
We provide information about family planning and about HIV/AIDS.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ณ„ํš๊ณผ HIV/AIDS์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
And as a result of this program,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ
08:24
something's happening for conservation.
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์ž์—ฐ์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
What's happening for conservation is that the farmers living in these 24 villages,
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์‚ฌ์ •์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด 24๊ฐœ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€
08:32
instead of looking on us as a bunch of white people
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๋”์ด์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์›์ˆญ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”
08:35
coming to study a whole bunch of monkeys --
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๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
and by the way, many of the staff are now Tanzanian --
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ง์›๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:42
but when we began the TACARE program,
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TACARE ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋’ค๋กœ๋Š”
08:45
it was a Tanzanian team going into the villages.
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ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„ ํŒ€์ด ๋งˆ์„์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
08:48
It was a Tanzanian team talking to the villagers,
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์ง์ ‘ ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:51
asking what they were interested in.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
Were they interested in conservation? Absolutely not.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์—ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
They were interested in health; they were interested in education.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ต์œก์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
And as time went on, and as their situation began to improve,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ , ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
09:06
they began to understand ever more about the need for conservation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
They began to understand
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€,
09:13
that as the upper levels of the hills were denuded of trees,
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์–ธ๋• ์œ„์ชฝ์˜ ์ˆฒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉด
09:16
so you've got this terrible soil erosion and mudslides.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ† ์–‘ ์นจ์‹๊ณผ ์ด๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
Today, we are developing what we call the Greater Gombe Ecosystem.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ด‘์—ญ ๊ณฐ๋น„ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
This is an area way outside the National Park,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์›๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋„“์€ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ
09:28
stretching out into all these very degraded lands.
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๊ณต์› ๋ฐ–์˜ ํ™ฉํํ•œ ๋•…๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
And as these villages have a better standard of life,
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์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง€๋ฉด ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
09:36
they are actually agreeing to put
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณ ์ง€๋Œ€์— ์žˆ๋Š”
09:38
between 10 percent and 20 percent of their land in the highlands aside,
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10์—์„œ 20ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๋•…์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‘๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
so that once again, as the trees grow back,
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž๋ผ๋‚˜๋ฉด
09:47
the chimpanzees will have leafy corridors
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ†ต๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
through which they can travel to interact --
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๊ทธ ๊ธธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค์€
09:52
as they must for genetic viability --
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์œ ์ „์  ์ƒ์กด์— ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ
09:55
with other remnant groups outside the National Park.
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์› ๋ฐ– ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ต๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
So TACARE is a success.
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TACARE๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:02
We're replicating it in other parts of Africa,
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๊ทน๋„์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
10:05
around other wilderness areas
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™ฉ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ
10:07
which are faced with extreme population pressure.
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์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
The problems in Africa, however, as we've been discussing
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
10:15
for the whole of these first couple of days of TED,
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TED์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:19
are major problems.
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๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
There is a great deal of poverty.
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๋นˆ๊ณค์ด ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
And when you get large numbers of people
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋•…์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
10:28
living in land that is not that fertile,
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
10:32
particularly when you cut down trees,
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์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ผ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:34
and you leave the soil open to the wind for erosion,
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก
10:39
as desperate populations cut down more and more trees,
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๋•…์ด ์ ์  ๋” ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
10:42
so that they can try and grow food for themselves and their families,
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ํ’ํ™”์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
what's going to happen? Something's got to give.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:49
And the other problems -- in not only Africa,
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:55
but the rest of the developing world and, indeed, everywhere --
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
what are we doing to our planet?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
11:02
You know, the famous scientist, E. O. Wilson
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ธ ์—๋“œ์›Œ๋“œ ์œŒ์Šจ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ
11:05
said that if every person on this planet
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
11:08
attains the standard of living of the average European or American,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋ฉด
11:12
we need three new planets.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ ๋” ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
Today, they are saying four. But we don't have them. We've got one.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ๋„ค ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
11:20
And what's happened? I mean, the question here is, here we are,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ์ œ ๋ง์€, ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
11:26
arguably the most intelligent being that's ever walked planet Earth,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ์กด์žฌ๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ง€์ ์ธ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด
11:31
with this extraordinary brain,
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๊ทธ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
11:33
capable of the kind of technology
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์ด TED ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์—์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
11:36
that is so well illustrated by these TED Conferences,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ๋„
11:40
and yet we're destroying the only home we have.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
The indigenous people around the world,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์˜ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€
11:47
before they made a major decision,
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์•‰์•„
11:49
used to sit around and ask themselves,
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
"How does this decision affect our people seven generations ahead?"
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"์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ 7๋Œ€์†๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ๊นŒ?"
11:56
Today, major decisions -- and I'm not particularly talking about Africa here,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋“ค์€, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:01
but the developed world --
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
12:03
major decisions involving millions of dollars,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์™€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ค์žˆ๋Š”
12:06
and millions of people, are often based on,
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ ค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
"How will this affect the next shareholders' meeting?"
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"์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์ฃผ ํšŒ์˜์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ๊นŒ?"
12:11
And these decisions affect Africa.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
As I began traveling around Africa
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ
12:15
talking about the problems faced by chimpanzees and their vanishing forests,
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์นจํŒฌ์ง€๋“ค๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆฒ์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
12:20
I realized more and more how so many of Africa's problems
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๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ํ˜„์žฌ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด
12:23
could be laid at the door of previous colonial exploitation.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€ ์ˆ˜ํƒˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
So I began traveling outside Africa, talking in Europe,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ
12:31
talking in the United States, going to Asia.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์•„์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
And everywhere there were these terrible problems.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
And you know the kind I'm talking about. I'm talking about pollution.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์˜ค์—ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
The air that we breathe that often poisons us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ ์  ์œ ๋…ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
12:44
The earth is poisoning our foods.
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๋•…๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Œ์‹๋„ ์œ ๋…ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
The water -- water is perhaps one of the most crucial issues
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๋ฌผ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ
12:50
that we're going to face in this century --
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
and everywhere water is being polluted by agricultural,
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๋ฌผ์€ ๋†์—…, ์‚ฐ์—…, ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค๋กœ
12:56
industrial and household chemicals
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์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
that still are being sprayed around the world,
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ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์€ ์ ์  ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€
13:02
seemingly with the inability to profit from past experience.
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๋•…์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜ํ™•์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
The mangroves are being cut down;
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ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฆผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์ฑ„๋˜๋ฉด
13:10
the effects of things like the tsunami get worse.
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์“ฐ๋‚˜๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ๋” ์‹ฌํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
We've talked about the soil erosion.
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ํ† ์–‘ ์นจ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
We have the reckless burning of fossil fuels
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ชจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ
13:19
along with other greenhouse gasses, so called,
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์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ
13:22
leading to climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
Finally, all around the world, people have begun to believe
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์ด์ œ์„œ์•ผ, ์„ธ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€
13:28
that there is something going on very wrong with our climate.
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์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
All around the world climates are mixed up.
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๊ธฐํ›„๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด
13:34
And it's the poor people who are affected worse.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
It's Africa that already is affected.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
In many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, the droughts are so much worse.
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์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์ด๋‚จ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‹ฌํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
And when the rain does come, it so often leads to flooding
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๋น„๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ํ™์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
and added distress, and the cycle of poverty and hunger and disease.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””๊ณผ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ์•…์ˆœํ™˜ ์†์—์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ๋Š˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
And the numbers of people living in an area that the land cannot support,
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๋•…์ด ๋ถ€์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์•„์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
14:00
who are too poor to buy food,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•ด์„œ ์Œ์‹์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
14:03
who can't move away because the whole land is degraded.
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์ง€์—ญ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ™ฉํํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐˆ ๊ณณ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
And so you get desertification -- creeping, creeping, creeping --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ์ž˜๋ ค๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ
14:12
as the last of the trees are cut down.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
And this kind of thing is not just in Africa. It's all over the world.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
So it wasn't surprising to me
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์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งŒ๋‚œ
14:24
that as I was traveling around the world
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๋งŽ์€ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์ด ํฌ๋ง์„ ์žƒ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
14:26
I met so many young people who seemed to have lost hope.
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๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
We seem to have lost wisdom, the wisdom of the indigenous people.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
I asked a question. "Why?"
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ์ผ๊นŒ?
14:38
Well, do you think there could be some kind of disconnect
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์ •๋ง ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‘๋‡Œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ TED์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
14:42
between this extraordinarily clever brain,
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๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๋‘๋‡Œ์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์—,
14:45
the kind of brain that the TED technologies exemplify,
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๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ
14:51
and the human heart? Talking about it in the non-scientific term,
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šด๊ณผ ๋‘๋‡Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
14:55
in terms of love and compassion. Is there some disconnect?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?
15:00
And these young people, when I talk to them,
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
15:04
basically they were either depressed or apathetic,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์šฐ์šธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ˆ๋ง์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ดด๋กœ์›Œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:07
or bitter and angry. And they said more or less the same thing,
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ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
"We feel this way because we feel you've compromised our future
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"์ด๊ฑด, ์ด์ „ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ง์ณ๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
15:14
and there's nothing we can do about it."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
15:17
We have compromised their future.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
I've got three little grandchildren, and every time I look at them
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์ €๋Š” ์†์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์…‹ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์• ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
15:22
and I think how we've harmed this beautiful planet since I was their age,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ € ๋‚˜์ด์ผ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ง์ณค๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
I feel this desperation.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์šฐ์šธํ•จ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ณ 
15:29
And that led to this program we call Roots and Shoots,
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๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด '๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
which began right here in Tanzania
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์ด ์šด๋™์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
15:35
and has now spread to 97 countries around the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ 97๊ฐœ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ํผ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
It's symbolic. Roots make a firm foundation.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตณ๊ฑดํ•œ ํ† ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
Shoots seem tiny; to reach the sun they can break through a brick wall.
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์ƒˆ์‹น์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ํƒœ์–‘์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
See the brick wall as all these problems we've inflicted on the planet,
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๋ฒฝ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๋งŒ๋“  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
environmental and social. It's a message of hope.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฌ๋ง์˜ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
Hundreds and thousands of young people around the world
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ์˜ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์€
15:56
can break through and can make this a better world for all living things.
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์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
The most important message of Roots and Shoots:
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๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋Š”
16:04
every single one of us makes a difference, every single day.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฃจํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
We have a choice. Every one of us in this room,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š”
16:13
we have a choice as to what kind of difference we want to make.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
The very poor have no choice. It's up to us to change things
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๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต์€ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
16:23
so that the poor have choice as well.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
The Roots and Shoots groups all choose three projects.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น ๋ชจ์ž„์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
It depends on how old they are, and which country,
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๋‚˜์ด์™€ ๊ตญ์ , ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ๋„์‹œ์ธ์ง€ ์‹œ๊ณจ์ธ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
16:34
whether they're in a city or rural, as to what kinds of projects.
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์–ด๋–ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
But basically, we have programs now from preschool right through university,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ทจํ•™ ์ „ ์•„๋™๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:42
with more and more adults starting their own Roots and Shoots groups.
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์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์„ฑ์ธ๋“ค๋„ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น ๋ชจ์ž„์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
And every group chooses, between them,
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค
16:51
three different kinds of project to make this a better world,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
recognizing that all these different problems are interconnected
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
16:58
and impinge on each other.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
So one of their projects will be to help their own human community.
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๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
And then, if they're able, they may raise money to help communities
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
17:07
in other parts of the world.
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๋ชจ๊ธˆ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:09
One of their projects will be to help animals -- not just wildlife,
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๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ, ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:13
domestic animals as well.
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๊ฐ€์ถ•๋„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
And one of their projects will be to help the environment that we all share.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:19
And woven throughout all of this is a message
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์—ฎ๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š”
17:23
of learning to live in peace and harmony within ourselves,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค, ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋“ค, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค,
17:28
in our families, in our communities, between nations, between cultures,
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๋ฌธํ™”๋“ค, ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๊ต๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ž์—ฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
17:32
between religions and between us and the natural world.
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ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ณ  ์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
We need the natural world. We cannot go on destroying it at the rate we are.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:41
We not do have more than this one planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
Just picking one or two of the projects right here in Africa
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ณณ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
17:49
that the Roots and Shoots groups are doing,
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ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
one or two projects only -- in Tanzania, in Uganda, Kenya,
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ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„, ์šฐ๊ฐ„๋‹ค, ์ผ€๋ƒ, ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด, ์ฝฉ๊ณ , ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ž๋นŒ
17:57
South Africa, Congo-Brazzaville, Sierra Leone, Cameroon
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์‹œ์—๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜จ, ์นด๋ฉ”๋ฃฌ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€
18:02
and other groups. And as I say, it's in 97 countries around the world.
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ 97๊ฐœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:06
Of course, they're planting trees. They're growing organic vegetables.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์œ ๊ธฐ๋† ์•ผ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
They're working in the refugee camps, with chickens
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ ์บ ํ”„์—์„œ ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ญ์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ์„œ
18:13
and selling the eggs for a little amount of money,
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๋‹ฌ๊ฑ€์„ ํŒ”์•„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
18:15
or just using them to feed their families,
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋จน์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
18:18
and feeling a sense of pride and empowerment,
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์ž์‹ ๊ฐ๊ณผ ํž˜์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
because they're no longer helpless and depending on others
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์•ผ์ฑ„์™€ ๋‹ญ์„ ํ‚ค์›€์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋ฌด๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
18:23
with their vegetables and their chickens.
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๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:26
It's being used in Uganda
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๊ฐ„๋‹ค์˜ ์†Œ๋…„๋ณ‘์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
18:28
to give some psychological help to ex-child soldiers.
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
Doing projects like this is bringing them out of themselves.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
Once again, they're useful members of society.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:39
We have this program in prisons as well.
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๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
So, there's no time for more Roots and Shoots now.
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๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†๊ตฐ์š”.
18:45
But -- oh, they're also working on HIV/AIDS.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„, HIV/AIDS์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
That's a very important component of Roots and Shoots,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ์„œ
18:52
with older kids talking to younger ones.
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๋‚˜์ด๋“  ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
18:54
And unwanted pregnancies and things like that,
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์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž„์‹  ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:57
which young people listen to better from other youth, rather than adults.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ Š์€์ด์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:03
Hope. That's the question I get asked as I'm going around the world:
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ํฌ๋ง, ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:08
"Jane, you've seen so many terrible things,
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์ œ์ธ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์ด ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
19:10
you've seen your chimpanzees decrease in number
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์ง€๋‚œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง์—๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜€๋˜ ์นจํŒฌ์ง€๊ฐ€
19:13
from about one million, at the turn of the century,
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์ด์ œ๋Š” 15๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
to no more than 150,000 now, and the same with so many other animals.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ .
19:20
Forests disappearing, deserts where once there was forest.
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์ˆฒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
Do you really have hope?" Well, yes.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ๋„ ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์š”.
19:28
You can't come to a conference like TED and not have hope, can you?
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์•„๋ฌด ํฌ๋ง๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด TED ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์— ์˜ค์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
19:32
And of course, there's hope. One is this amazing human brain.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํฌ๋ง์€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋‘๋‡Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:36
And I mean, think of the technologies.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:38
And I've just been so thrilled, finally, to come to people talking about compost latrines.
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š” ํ‡ด๋น„ ์ œ์ž‘์šฉ ๋ณ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฐธ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:45
It's one of my hobbyhorses.
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์ œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
19:47
We just flush all this water down the lavatory, it's terrible.
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๊ทธ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ณ€๊ธฐ์— ํ˜๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜์ฃ .
19:51
And then talking about renewable energy -- desperately important.
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๋งŽ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š” ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
Do we care about the planet for our children?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์†์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
19:59
How many of us have children or grandchildren, nieces, nephews?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„์ด๋‚˜ ์†์ž, ์กฐ์นด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜์ง€์š”?
20:02
Do we care about their future?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
20:05
And if we care about their future, we, as the elite around the world,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ƒ๋ฅ˜์ธต์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
we can do something about it. We can make choices as to how we live each day.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:14
What we buy. What we wear.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ด์ง€, ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ž…์„์ง€.
20:16
And choose to make these choices with the question,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
how will this affect the environment around me?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด ์ฃผ์œ„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„๊นŒ?
20:24
How will it affect the life of my child when he or she grows up?
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๋‚ด ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด์˜ ์‚ถ์—๋Š”?
20:29
Or my grandchild, or whatever it is.
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ํ˜น์€ ์†์ž๋‚˜, ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ?
20:31
So the human brain, coupled with the human heart,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š”, ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฉด
20:36
and we join hands around the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:38
And that's what TED is helping so well with, and Google who help us,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด TED, ๊ตฌ๊ธ€๊ณผ
20:42
and Esri are helping us with mapping in Gombe National Park.
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๊ณฐ๋น„ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์›์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ESRI์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:47
All of these technologies we can use.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
Now let's link them, and it's beginning to happen, isn't it?
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•œ ๋ฐ ์—ฎ์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์š”?
20:52
You've heard about it this afternoon. It's beginning to happen.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜คํ›„์— ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฏธ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
20:56
This change, this change. To see change
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
20:58
that we must have if we care about the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:01
And the next reason for hope -- nature is amazingly resilient.
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฌ๋ง์˜ ์ด์œ ๋Š”, ์ž์—ฐ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:05
You can take an area that's absolutely destroyed,
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ๋„
21:08
with time and perhaps some help it can regenerate.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋˜์‚ด์•„๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:11
And an example is the TACARE program.
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TACARE ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:14
I told you, where a seemingly dead tree stump --
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์ฃฝ์€ ๋“ฏํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๊ทธ๋ฃจํ„ฐ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ์žˆ์–ด๋„
21:17
if you stop hacking them for firewood,
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์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋งŒ์„ ์–ป๊ณ 
21:19
which you don't need to because you have wood lots,
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์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๋Š” ๋ฒŒ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด
21:21
then in five years you can have a 30-foot tree.
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5๋…„ ๋’ค์—๋Š” 10๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋†’์ด์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:25
And animals, almost on the brink of extinction,
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๋ฉธ์ข… ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„
21:28
can be given a second chance. That's my next book.
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๋˜์‚ด์•„๋‚  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฑ…์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
It's inspiring. And it brings me to my last category of hope,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ด์ฃ . ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํฌ๋ง์˜ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋Š”
21:35
and we've heard about this so much in the last two days:
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ดํ‹€๊ฐ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:38
this indomitable human spirit. This determination of people,
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๊ตดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฐ์˜์™€
21:42
the resilience of the human spirit,
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์พŒํ™œํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ •์‹ ์€
21:44
So that people who you would think would be battered by poverty,
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๊ฐ€๋‚œ์ด๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ํ˜น์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์—
21:48
or disease, or whatever, can pull themselves up out of it,
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์ง€์ณ ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผ์œผ์ผœ ์„ธ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:53
sometimes with a helping hand, and take their part in society,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„์›€์˜ ์†๊ธธ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค
21:59
and take their part in changing the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์ผ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:02
And just to think of one or two people out of Africa who are just really inspiring.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ถœ์‹  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
We could make a very long list,
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ธด ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
22:09
but obviously Nelson Mandela, emerging from 17 years
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋„ฌ์Šจ ๋งŒ๋ธ๋ผ๋Š” 17๋…„์˜ ์œก์ฒด๋…ธ๋™๊ณผ
22:12
of hard physical labor, 23 years of imprisonment,
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23๋…„์˜ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์ƒํ™œ์„ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์ง€๋งŒ
22:15
with this amazing ability to forgive, so that he could lead his nation
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฉ์„œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด
22:19
out the evil regime of apartheid without a bloodbath.
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ํ”ผ ํ˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ •๊ถŒ์„ ๊ต์ฒดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:23
Ken Saro-Wiwa, in Nigeria, who took on the giant oil companies,
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๋‚˜์ด์ง€๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ์ผ„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์œ„์™€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์„์œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์› ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
22:28
and although people around the world tried their best, was executed.
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๋น„๋ก ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌํ˜•์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
People like this are so inspirational.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:37
People like this are the role models we need for young Africans.
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์ด๋“ค์ด ์ Š์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ญํ•  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:41
And we need some environmental role models as well,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์—ญํ•  ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
22:45
and I've been hearing some of them today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:47
So I'm really grateful for this opportunity to share this message
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TED ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ
22:52
again, with everyone at TED.
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์ฃผ์‹  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:54
And I hope that some of us can get together and talk about some of these things,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:59
especially the Roots and Shoots program.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
23:01
And just a last word on that --
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ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋”” ๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด
23:03
the young woman who's running this entire conference center,
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์ด ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์ž๋ถ„์„
23:06
I met her today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
23:08
She came up so excited, with her certificate. She was [in] Roots and Shoots.
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์•„์ฃผ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋”๊ตฐ์š”. ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น ๋ฉค๋ฒ„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:13
She was in the leadership in Dar es Salaam.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด ์—์Šค ์‚ด๋žŒ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:15
She said it's helped her to do what she's doing.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ƒˆ์‹น์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:18
And it was very, very exciting for me to meet her
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ๊ธฐ๋ปค๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
23:21
and see just one example of how young people,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋” ๋‚ซ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค
23:24
when they are empowered, given the opportunity to take action,
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ํž˜์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
23:30
to make the world a better place,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ํฌ๋ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
23:32
truly are our hope for tomorrow.
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์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:34
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:37
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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