Chris Gerdes: The future race car -- 150mph, and no driver

63,288 views ใƒป 2012-07-11

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Morton Bast Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: K Bang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Willy Song
00:15
So, how many of you have ever
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜
00:17
gotten behind the wheel of a car
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์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์žก์•„๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:18
when you really shouldn't have been driving?
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์ •๋ง ์šด์ „ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ์š”
00:24
Maybe you're out on the road for a long day,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ธด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธธ์„ ๋‚˜์„ฐ๊ณ 
00:26
and you just wanted to get home.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”
00:27
You were tired, but you felt you could drive a few more miles.
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ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๋งˆ์ผ์€ ๋” ์šด์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ๊ณ 
00:30
Maybe you thought,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„
00:31
I've had less to drink than everybody else,
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์ˆ ์„ ๋œ ๋งˆ์…จ๊ณ 
00:33
I should be the one to go home.
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์ง‘์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
Or maybe your mind was just entirely elsewhere.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ์™„์ „ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ์— ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
00:40
Does this sound familiar to you?
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๋‚ฏ์„ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:41
Now, in those situations, wouldn't it be great
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ,
00:44
if there was a button on your dashboard
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ณ„๊ธฐํŒ์—
00:46
that you could push, and the car would get you home safely?
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๋‹จ์ถ”๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:52
Now, that's been the promise of the self-driving car,
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์ด์ œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฌด์ธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฌด์ธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์žฅ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์™”๊ณ 
00:54
the autonomous vehicle, and it's been the dream
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋žœ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ๊ฟˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
since at least 1939, when General Motors showcased
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์ ์–ด๋„ 1939๋…„ ์ด๋ž˜, ๋ฐ”๋กœ GM์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
01:00
this idea at their Futurama booth at the World's Fair.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ „์‹œ ๋ถ€์Šค์—์„œ ์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณด์ธ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
Now, it's been one of those dreams
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์ด์ œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฟˆ๋“ค,
01:05
that's always seemed about 20 years in the future.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ ์•ฝ 20๋…„์€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฟˆ๋“ค ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Now, two weeks ago, that dream took a step forward,
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์ด์ œ, 2์ฃผ ์ „์—, ์ด ๊ฟˆ์ด ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ง ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋”›์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
when the state of Nevada granted Google's self-driving car
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๋„ค๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์˜ ๋ฌด์ธ์ž๋™์ฐจ์—
01:15
the very first license for an autonomous vehicle,
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์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์ฃผํ–‰ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
01:19
clearly establishing that it's legal for them
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ
01:21
to test it on the roads in Nevada.
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๋ฌด์ธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋„ค๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์‹œํ—˜ ์šดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ž„์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Now, California's considering similar legislation,
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์ด์ œ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ฃผ๋„ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ์ž…๋ฒ•ํ™” ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
01:27
and this would make sure that the autonomous car
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์ธ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด
01:29
is not one of those things that has to stay in Vegas.
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๋ผ์Šค๋ฒ ๊ฐ€์Šค์—๋งŒ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:34
Now, in my lab at Stanford, we've been working on
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ €์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์—์„œ๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ
01:38
autonomous cars too, but with a slightly different spin
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๋ฌด์ธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
on things. You see, we've been developing robotic race cars,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„
01:46
cars that can actually push themselves to the very limits
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์ตœ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์„
01:50
of physical performance.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Now, why would we want to do such a thing?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:55
Well, there's two really good reasons for this.
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๋„ค, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
First, we believe that before people turn over control
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์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ, ์ €ํฌ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์šด์ „์„
02:01
to an autonomous car, that autonomous car should be
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๋ฌด์ธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์—๊ฒŒ ๋„˜๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์ด์ „์—, ๋ฌด์ธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€
02:04
at least as good as the very best human drivers.
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „์‚ฌ๋งŒํผ์€ ์šด์ „์„ ์ž˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
Now, if you're like me, and the other 70 percent of the population
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 70ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜
02:10
who know that we are above-average drivers,
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ํ‰๊ท  ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์šด์ „ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:12
you understand that's a very high bar.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
There's another reason as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Just like race car drivers can use all of the friction
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๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ํƒ€์ด์–ด์™€ ๊ธธ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์„
02:22
between the tire and the road,
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ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
02:23
all of the car's capabilities to go as fast as possible,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋“ค์„
02:26
we want to use all of those capabilities to avoid
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ „๋ถ€
02:29
any accident we can.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Now, you may push the car to the limits
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋™์‹œํ‚ฌ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
not because you're driving too fast,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:35
but because you've hit an icy patch of road,
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๋น™ํŒ๊ธธ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
02:37
conditions have changed.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:39
In those situations, we want a car
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:42
that is capable enough to avoid any accident
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„
02:45
that can physically be avoided.
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
I must confess, there's kind of a third motivation as well.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™๊ธฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
You see, I have a passion for racing.
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์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
In the past, I've been a race car owner,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ €๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
02:57
a crew chief and a driving coach,
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ํŒ€์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด์ž ์šด์ „ ์ฝ”์น˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
although maybe not at the level that you're currently expecting.
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๋น„๋ก ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
03:04
One of the things that we've developed in the lab --
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
03:06
we've developed several vehicles --
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--์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ--
03:08
is what we believe is the world's first
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”
03:10
autonomously drifting car.
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๋ฌด์ธ ์šด์ „ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
It's another one of those categories
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ๋“ค๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:15
where maybe there's not a lot of competition.
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์•„๋งˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:19
But this is P1. It's an entirely student-built electric vehicle,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ P1, ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์ธ๋ฐ
03:23
which through using its rear-wheel drive
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๋’ท๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋™ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:25
and front-wheel steer-by-wire
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์ „์ž์‹ ์ฃผํ–‰์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ „๋ฅœ๊ตฌ๋™์ž๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ
03:27
can drift around corners.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ฝ”๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
It can get sideways like a rally car driver,
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์ด ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์šด์ „์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ธธ ์˜†์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:31
always able to take the tightest curve,
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์–ธ์ œ๋“  ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ปค๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ 
03:33
even on slippery, changing surfaces,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๊ตด๊ณก์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋„
03:36
never spinning out.
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
We've also worked with Volkswagen Oracle,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” Shelley์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํญ์Šค๋ฐ”๊ฒ ์˜ค๋ผํด (Volkswagen Oracle)๊ณผ ๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ
03:40
on Shelley, an autonomous race car that has raced
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๋ณด๋„ˆ๋นŒ ์•”์—ผ์ง€๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‹œ์† 210 km ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
03:43
at 150 miles an hour through the Bonneville Salt Flats,
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๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹๊ฑด, ๋น„๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ์น˜๊ฑด ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
03:46
gone around Thunderhill Raceway Park in the sun,
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์ฌ๋”ํž ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ
03:51
the wind and the rain,
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์งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:53
and navigated the 153 turns and 12.4 miles
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์ฝœ๋กœ๋ผ๋„์˜ ํŒŒ์ดํฌ ํž ์–ธ๋•์—์„œ
03:58
of the Pikes Peak Hill Climb route
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153๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฝ”๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ฉฐ 20kn ๋‚˜
04:00
in Colorado with nobody at the wheel.
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์šด์ „์‚ฌ ์—†์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๋‹ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:05
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:10
I guess it goes without saying that we've had a lot of fun
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๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์ด ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:14
doing this.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
But in fact, there's something else that we've developed
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌด์ธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
04:19
in the process of developing these autonomous cars.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”.
04:22
We have developed a tremendous appreciation
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ์šด์ „์ž์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
04:26
for the capabilities of human race car drivers.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ง„๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
As we've looked at the question of how well do these cars perform,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€์ง€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:34
we wanted to compare them to our human counterparts.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
04:37
And we discovered their human counterparts are amazing.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„ ๊ธˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:43
Now, we can take a map of a race track,
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์˜ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
04:47
we can take a mathematical model of a car,
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๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ์žก์•„๋ณด์ฃ .
04:49
and with some iteration, we can actually find
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์–ผ๋งˆ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ๊ณผ์ •๋„ ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
04:52
the fastest way around that track.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผํŠธ๋ž™์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
We line that up with data that we record
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง์—…์  ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ์šด์ „์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์€
04:56
from a professional driver,
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์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•ด ๋ณด์ฃ .
04:58
and the resemblance is absolutely remarkable.
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๊ทธ ๋‘ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•จ์ด๋ž€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„์—์š”.
05:02
Yes, there are subtle differences here,
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๋„ค, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
05:05
but the human race car driver is able to go out
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ์šด์ „์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„
05:08
and drive an amazingly fast line,
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๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์„ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์šด์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
without the benefit of an algorithm that compares
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ์ฝ”๋„ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์„ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
05:13
the trade-off between going as fast as possible
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ง์„ ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ฒŒ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆด ๋•Œ์˜ ๋“์‹ค์„
05:15
in this corner, and shaving a little bit of time
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๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
05:17
off of the straight over here.
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์ „ํ˜€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Not only that, they're able to do it lap
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๊ทธ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„
05:23
after lap after lap.
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๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ํ•ด๋‚ด์ฃ .
05:25
They're able to go out and consistently do this,
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๊ทธ์ฆ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
pushing the car to the limits every single time.
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๋งค ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:32
It's extraordinary to watch.
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๋ณด๊ธฐ๋งŒํ•ด๋„ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ .
05:35
You put them in a new car,
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ํ›„,
05:37
and after a few laps, they've found the fastest line in that car,
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๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋ช‡ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋งŒ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋‚˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฃผํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
and they're off to the races.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„์—์š”.
05:45
It really makes you think,
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์ •๋ง ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
05:46
we'd love to know what's going on inside their brain.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ์†์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์ ธ์š”.
05:51
So as researchers, that's what we decided to find out.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋กœ์จ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:56
We decided to instrument not only the car,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐจ์—๋งŒ ์ธก์ • ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์žฅ์น˜ํ•œ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:58
but also the race car driver,
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ์šด์ „์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
to try to get a glimpse into what was going on
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์šด์ „์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ๋Š”
06:03
in their head as they were doing this.
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ผ๋„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:05
Now, this is Dr. Lene Harbott applying electrodes
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋ณดํŠธ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
06:09
to the head of John Morton.
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์ฃค ๋ชจํŠผ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์ „๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:10
John Morton is a former Can-Am and IMSA driver,
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์ฃค ๋ชจํŠผ์€ ์ „์ง Can-Am ๊ณผ IMSA ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์ž์˜€๊ตฌ์š” (*Can-Am: ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค-๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ•ญ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋Œ€ํšŒ) (*IMSA: ๊ตญ์ œ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—ฐ๋งน)
06:13
who's also a class champion at Le Mans.
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๋ฅด ๋ง์Šค ๋Œ€ํšŒ์˜ ์šฐ์Šน์ž์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
Fantastic driver, and very willing to put up with graduate students
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์šด์ „ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:18
and this sort of research.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
She's putting electrodes on his head
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์ „๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
06:23
so that we can monitor the electrical activity
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆด ๋•Œ,
06:25
in John's brain as he races around the track.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
Now, clearly we're not going to put a couple of electrodes on his head
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐœ์˜ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:31
and understand exactly what all of his thoughts are on the track.
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๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
However, neuroscientists have identified certain patterns
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
that let us tease out some very important aspects of this.
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์ด ํŒจํ„ด๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
For instance, the resting brain
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํœด์‹์ค‘์ธ ๋‡Œ๋Š”
06:43
tends to generate a lot of alpha waves.
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๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์•ŒํŒŒ(ฮฑ)ํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:46
In contrast, theta waves are associated with
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์Ž„ํƒ€(ฮธ)ํŒŒ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ์ง€ ํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:49
a lot of cognitive activity, like visual processing,
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์‹œ๊ฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
things where the driver is thinking quite a bit.
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์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
Now, we can measure this,
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฑธ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
06:57
and we can look at the relative power
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ŒํŒŒํŒŒ์™€ ์Ž„ํƒ€ํŒŒ์˜
06:59
between the theta waves and the alpha waves.
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์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:01
This gives us a measure of mental workload,
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์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:04
how much the driver is actually challenged cognitively
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€
07:07
at any point along the track.
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์ธ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •๋ณด์ฃ .
07:09
Now, we wanted to see if we could actually record this
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:12
on the track, so we headed down south to Laguna Seca.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ชฝ์˜ ๋ผ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์„ธ์นด๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
Laguna Seca is a legendary raceway
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๋ผ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์„ธ์นด๋Š” ์ŽŒ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์™€ ๋ชฌํ„ฐ๋ ˆ์ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ฏค์— ์žˆ๋Š”
07:17
about halfway between Salinas and Monterey.
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์ „์„ค์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด์—์š”.
07:20
It has a curve there called the Corkscrew.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” "์ฝ”๋ฅดํฌ๋”ฐ๊ฐœ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณก์„  ๊ธธ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:22
Now, the Corkscrew is a chicane, followed by a quick
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"์ฝ”๋ฅดํฌ๋”ฐ๊ฐœ"๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์†๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ธธ์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ
07:24
right-handed turn as the road drops three stories.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„ ๊ธธ์ด 3์ธต ๋†’์ด ์ •๋„ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
Now, the strategy for driving this as explained to me was,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋กœ๋ผ๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „๋žต์€
07:31
you aim for the bush in the distance,
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ค๋ถˆ ์ˆฒ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
07:33
and as the road falls away, you realize it was actually the top of a tree.
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๊ธธ์ด ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ, ์•„๊นŒ ๋ณธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:36
All right, so thanks to the Revs Program at Stanford,
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์ž.. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ Revs ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋•๋ถ„์—
07:39
we were able to take John there
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃค ๋ชจํ†ค์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์„œ
07:41
and put him behind the wheel
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์šด์ „์„ ์‹œ์ผœ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
07:42
of a 1960 Porsche Abarth Carrera.
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์ฐจ๋Š” 1960๋…„ํ˜• ํฌ๋ฅด์‰ ์•„๋ฐ”์Šค ์นด๋ ˆ๋ผ(Abarth Carrera) ์˜€์ฃ .
07:44
Life is way too short for boring cars.
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์ธ์ƒ์€ ๋ณ„๋ณผ์ผ ์—†๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ธฐ์—” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์งง์•„์š”.
07:48
So, here you see John on the track,
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์ž ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ฃค ๋ชจํ†ค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
he's going up the hill -- Oh! Somebody liked that --
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ค๋ฅธ ํ›„ -- ์•„! ์•„๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ฃ  --
07:52
and you can see, actually, his mental workload
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‡Œ์† ์ž‘์—…๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š”
07:54
-- measuring here in the red bar --
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--์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
07:56
you can see his actions as he approaches.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ๋•Œ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ .
07:59
Now watch, he has to downshift.
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ œ ์•„๋žซ์ชฝ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
And then he has to turn left.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์™ผ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„
08:03
Look for the tree, and down.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์ž ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
Not surprisingly, you can see this is a pretty challenging task.
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ๋†€๋ž„ ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
08:09
You can see his mental workload spike as he goes through this,
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‡Œ์†์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์นด๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
as you would expect with something that requires
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋‚œ์ด๋„๋ผ๋ฉด
08:15
this level of complexity.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ •๋„๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
08:17
But what's really interesting is to look at areas of the track
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ ํŠธ๋ž™์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ
08:21
where his mental workload doesn't increase.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋‡Œ์† ์ž‘์—…๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ์ปค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
08:24
I'm going to take you around now
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์ด์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์žฅ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ
08:25
to the other side of the track.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜์ฃ .
08:26
Turn three. And John's going to go into that corner
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3๋ฒˆ ์ฝ”๋„ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃค ๋ชจํ†ค์ด ์ฝ”๋„ˆ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
and the rear end of the car is going to begin to slide out.
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์ฐจ์˜ ๋’ค์ชฝ ๋์ด ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
08:31
He's going to have to correct for that with steering.
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์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
08:33
So watch as John does this here.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:35
Watch the mental workload, and watch the steering.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋‡Œ์† ์ž‘์—…๋ถ€ํ•˜์™€ ์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:38
The car begins to slide out, dramatic maneuver to correct it,
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์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ คํ•˜์ž ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ์ ˆ๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
and no change whatsoever in the mental workload.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‡Œ์† ์ž‘์—…๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์š”.
08:45
Not a challenging task.
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๋„์ „์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:48
In fact, entirely reflexive.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
Now, our data processing on this is still preliminary,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„ ์ •๋„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ง€๋งŒ
08:55
but it really seems that these phenomenal feats
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ฐจ์˜ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์˜
08:57
that the race car drivers are performing
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๋ฐ˜์‘ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
08:59
are instinctive.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:01
They are things that they have simply learned to do.
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์šด์ „ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
It requires very little mental workload
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ๋Š”
09:06
for them to perform these amazing feats.
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์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
And their actions are fantastic.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์›Œ์š”.
09:12
This is exactly what you want to do on the steering wheel
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์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์žก๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก๋Š”๋ฐ
09:15
to catch the car in this situation.
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ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋”ฑ ์ด ์ •๋„๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:18
Now, this has given us tremendous insight
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
09:22
and inspiration for our own autonomous vehicles.
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์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
We've started to ask the question:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ :
09:27
Can we make them a little less algorithmic
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๋ฌด์ธ์ž๋™์ฐจ์€ ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์‹ , ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ง๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ
09:29
and a little more intuitive?
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๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
09:31
Can we take this reflexive action
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ ์šด์ „์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋˜
09:34
that we see from the very best race car drivers,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์  ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
09:36
introduce it to our cars,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
09:38
and maybe even into a system that could
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž๋™์ฐจ์—๋„
09:40
get onto your car in the future?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
09:42
That would take us a long step
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์šด์ „์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์ธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์„
09:43
along the road to autonomous vehicles
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€
09:46
that drive as well as the best humans.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ธด ์—ฌ์ •์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
But it's made us think a little bit more deeply as well.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฑฐ์ง€์š”.
09:51
Do we want something more from our car
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์„
09:54
than to simply be a chauffeur?
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ?
09:56
Do we want our car to perhaps be a partner, a coach,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
10:00
someone that can use their understanding of the situation
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์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
10:03
to help us reach our potential?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋™๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ์ฝ”์น˜์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑธ๊นŒ?
10:08
Can, in fact, the technology not simply replace humans,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:10
but allow us to reach the level of reflex and intuition
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘ ํ˜น์€ ์ง๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€
10:14
that we're all capable of?
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์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:18
So, as we move forward into this technological future,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ
10:20
I want you to just pause and think of that for a moment.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ๋„ ์ž ๊น ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์–ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
What is the ideal balance of human and machine?
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ท ํ˜•์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฑธ๊นŒ?
10:26
And as we think about that,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑธ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ,
10:28
let's take inspiration
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œก์ฒด์™€ ์ •์‹ ์ด ์ง€๋‹Œ
10:30
from the absolutely amazing capabilities
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”
10:33
of the human body and the human mind.
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์˜๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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