Henry Lin: What we can learn from galaxies far, far away

66,621 views ・ 2015-07-20

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Joohyun Seo
00:12
Here are some images of clusters of galaxies.
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μ—¬κΈ° "μ€ν•˜λ‹¨"을 찍은 사진듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
They're exactly what they sound like.
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"μ€ν•˜λ‹¨"μ΄λΌλŠ” 이름 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ
00:18
They are these huge collections of galaxies,
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 수의 "μ€ν•˜κ³„"듀이
00:20
bound together by their mutual gravity.
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μ„œλ‘œ κ°„μ˜ 쀑λ ₯에 μ˜ν•΄ λ¬Άμ—¬ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
So most of the points that you see on the screen
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화면에 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 점듀은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„
00:25
are not individual stars,
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별 ν•˜λ‚˜ ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:28
but collections of stars, or galaxies.
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별듀이 λͺ¨μΈ 것, 즉 "μ€ν•˜"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
Now, by showing you some of these images,
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이 사진듀을 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬λ©΄μ„œ
00:33
I hope that you will quickly see that
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μ œκ°€ λ°”λΌλŠ” 것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄
00:35
galaxy clusters are these beautiful objects,
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ˜ 아름닀움을 μ•„λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
00:37
but more than that,
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아름닀움 μ΄μƒμœΌλ‘œ
00:39
I think galaxy clusters are mysterious,
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ€ μ‹ λΉ„λ‘­λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
they are surprising,
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μ•„μ£Ό λ†€λžμ£ .
00:43
and they're useful.
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그리고 μœ μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
Useful as the universe's most massive laboratories.
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μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 규λͺ¨κ°€ 큰 μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€λ‘œμ„œ μœ μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
And as laboratories, to describe galaxy clusters
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ„ μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€μ΄λΌκ³  ν•œ 것은
00:51
is to describe the experiments
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ„ 가지고
00:53
that you can do with them.
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μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•œλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
And I think there are four major types,
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넀가지 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
00:57
and the first type that I want to describe
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첫번째둜 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦΄ 것은
01:00
is probing the very big.
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 큰가λ₯Ό κ°€λŠ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—μš”.
01:02
So, how big?
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ ν΄κΉŒμš”?
01:04
Well, here is an image of a particular galaxy cluster.
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자, 이것은 μ–΄λŠ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ˜ μ‚¬μ§„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
It is so massive that the light passing through it
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이 μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ»€μ„œ 이걸 ν†΅κ³Όν•˜λŠ” 빛이
01:11
is being bent, it's being distorted
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νœ˜μ–΄μ§€κ³ , κ΅¬λΆ€λŸ¬μ§€λŠ”λ°,
01:14
by the extreme gravity of this cluster.
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그건 이 μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ˜ 쀑λ ₯이 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
And, in fact, if you look very carefully
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ, 맀우 μžμ„Ένžˆ 보면
01:18
you'll be able to see rings around this cluster.
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이 μ€ν•˜λ‹¨ μ£Όλ³€μ—μ„œ 고리λ₯Ό 보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
Now, to give you a number,
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숫자둜 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μžλ©΄
01:22
this particular galaxy cluster
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보고 계신 이 μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ˜ μ§ˆλŸ‰μ€
01:24
has a mass of over one million billion suns.
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νƒœμ–‘μ˜ 1천 μ‘° 배라고 ν•˜λ‹ˆ (10의 15제곱)
01:28
It's just mind-boggling how massive these systems can get.
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κ·Έ 크기λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄ 놀라 자빠질 μ •λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
But more than their mass,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ§ˆλŸ‰λ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:33
they have this additional feature.
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ΄ 가진 λ‹€λ₯Έ νŠΉμ§•λ„ 보죠.
01:35
They are essentially isolated systems,
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ€ 본질적으둜 각각 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έμ„œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ”λ°μš”,
01:37
so if we like, we can think of them
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ„
01:39
as a scaled-down version of the entire universe.
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우주 μ „μ²΄μ˜ μΆ•μ†ŒνŒμ΄λΌκ³  생각해도 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ λ‹¨μœ„μ˜ μš°μ£Όμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 가진
01:43
And many of the questions that we might have
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01:45
about the universe at large scales,
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λ§Žμ€ μ˜λ¬Έλ“€, 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
01:47
such as, how does gravity work?
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쀑λ ₯이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ”κ°€ 같은
01:49
might be answered by studying these systems.
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의문의 닡을 μ€ν•˜λ‹¨ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ 찾을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
So that was very big.
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  크기가 μ—„μ²­λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
The second things is very hot.
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λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έλ‘œ, λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ λœ¨κ²μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
Okay, if I take an image of a galaxy cluster,
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μ œκ°€ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ˜ 사진을 찍고.
01:58
and I subtract away all of the starlight,
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κ±°κΈ°μ„œ 별빛을 λͺ¨λ‘ μ œκ±°ν•˜λ©΄
02:01
what I'm left with is this big, blue blob.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 크고 ν‘Έλ₯Έ λ­”κ°€λ§Œ λ‚¨λŠ”λ°μš”.
02:03
This is in false color.
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이건 색이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
It's actually X-ray light that we're seeing.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 보고 μžˆλŠ” 것은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ Xμ„  λΉ›μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
And the question is, if it's not galaxies,
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이것이 μ€ν•˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλ©΄,
02:10
what is emitting this light?
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이 빛은 μ–΄λ””μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¬κΉŒμš”?
02:12
The answer is hot gas,
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닡은 λ°”λ‘œ 뜨거운 κΈ°μ²΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
million-degree gas --
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μˆ˜λ°±λ§Œλ„μ˜ 기체,
02:16
in fact, it's plasma.
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사싀 이건 ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλ§ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
And the reason why it's so hot
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이것이 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 뜨거운 μ΄μœ λŠ”
02:19
goes back to the previous slide.
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μ•„κΉŒ 보신 μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œμ— μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
02:21
The extreme gravity of these systems
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이 μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ˜ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 쀑λ ₯이
02:24
is accelerating particles of gas to great speeds,
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기체 λΆ„μžλ₯Ό μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ†λ„λ‘œ κ°€μ†ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
and great speeds means great temperatures.
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그리고 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ†λ„λŠ” μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ˜¨λ„λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜μ£ .
02:29
So this is the main idea,
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κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ€ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 보고 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
02:31
but science is a rough draft.
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과학은 μ›λž˜ μ‘°μž‘ν•œ 밑그림일 뿐이죠.
02:33
There are many basic properties about this plasma
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이 ν”ŒλΌμ¦ˆλ§ˆκ°€ 가진 λ§Žμ€ κΈ°λ³Έ νŠΉμ„±λ“€ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:36
that still confuse us,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œ ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ³ ,
02:38
still puzzle us,
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어리λ‘₯μ ˆν•΄ ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λ©°,
02:39
and still push our understanding
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 고온의 물리학에 λŒ€ν•΄
02:41
of the physics of the very hot.
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μ‘°κΈˆμ”© 더 μ•Œμ•„ 가기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
Third thing: probing the very small.
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μ„Έλ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” "맀우 μž‘μ€ 것듀에 λŒ€ν•œ 탐ꡬ"μΈλ°μš”,
02:47
Now, to explain this, I need to tell you
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이걸 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ¨Όμ € μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ»˜
02:49
a very disturbing fact.
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맀우 ν˜Όλž€μ„ μ£ΌλŠ” 사싀뢀터 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μžλ©΄,
02:51
Most of the universe's matter
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μš°μ£Όμ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 물질 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€
02:54
is not made up of atoms.
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μ›μžλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
You were lied to.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ†μœΌμ‹  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
Most of it is made up of something very, very mysterious,
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우주 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ•„μ£Ό μ•„μ£Ό μ‹ λΉ„λ‘œμš΄ 것인데,
03:01
which we call dark matter.
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이걸 "암흑 물질"이라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
Dark matter is something that doesn't like to interact very much,
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암흑 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ€ μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ„ 많이 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 물질인데,
03:07
except through gravity,
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쀑λ ₯을 톡과할 λ•Œλ§Œμ€ μ˜ˆμ™Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
and of course we would like to learn more about it.
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λ¬Όλ‘  이 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ•Œκ³  싢은 게 더 있죠.
03:10
If you're a particle physicist,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μž…μž λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλΌλ©΄,
03:12
you want to know what happens when we smash things together.
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μ–΄λ–€ 것듀을 μΆ©λŒμ‹œν‚¬ λ•Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³  싢을 κ±΄λ°μš”,
03:14
And dark matter is no exception.
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암흑 물질의 μΆ©λŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€κ² μ£ .
03:16
Well, how do we do this?
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자, 이걸 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
03:18
To answer that question,
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이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λ‹΅ν•˜κΈ°μ— μ•žμ„œ,
03:19
I'm going to have to ask another one,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ λ“œλ¦΄ κ±΄λ°μš”,
03:21
which is, what happens when galaxy clusters collide?
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"μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ΄ μ„œλ‘œ μΆ©λŒν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚ κΉŒ" ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
Here is an image.
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μ—¬κΈ° 사진이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
Since galaxy clusters are representative
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ€ 우주 μΆ•μ†ŒνŒμ˜
03:29
slices of the universe, scaled-down versions.
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μ „ν˜•μ μΈ 단면이라 ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”,
03:33
They are mostly made up of dark matter,
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 암흑 물질둜 이루어져 있고,
03:35
and that's what you see in this bluish purple.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν‘Έλ₯΄μŠ€λ¦„ν•œ λ³΄λΌλΉ›μœΌλ‘œ 보고 μžˆλŠ” 게 λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έκ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
The red represents the hot gas,
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뢉은 색은 고온의 κΈ°μ²΄κ΅¬μš”.
03:39
and, of course, you can see many galaxies.
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ€ν•˜κ³„λ“€λ„ 보이죠.
03:41
What's happened is a particle accelerator
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ΄ μΆ©λŒν•  λ•Œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일은
03:43
at a huge, huge scale.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ μ»€λ‹€λž€ μž…μž 가속기와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
And this is very important,
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이건 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œλ°μš”.
03:47
because what it means is that very, very small
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”, μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€μ—μ„œλΌλ©΄
03:49
effects that might be difficult to detect in the lab,
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νƒμ§€ν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“ , μ•„μ£Ό μž‘μ€ νš¨κ³Όλ“€μ΄
03:52
might be compounded and compounded
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μŒ“μ΄κ³  또 μŒ“μ—¬μ„œ
03:54
into something that we could possibly observe in nature.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 눈으둜 κ΄€μ°°ν•  수 있게 된 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
So, it's very funny.
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ꡉμž₯히 우슡죠.
03:59
The reason why galaxy clusters
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
04:01
can teach us about dark matter,
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암흑 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 것,
04:03
the reason why galaxy clusters
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λ˜λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
04:05
can teach us about the physics of the very small,
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맀우 μž‘μ€ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ 물리학에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 것은,
04:07
is precisely because they are so very big.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ΄ 맀우 크기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Fourth thing: the physics of the very strange.
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λ„€λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” "맀우 μ΄μƒν•œ κ²ƒλ“€μ˜ 물리학"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
Certainly what I've said so far is crazy.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μ œκ°€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° 것도 정말 말도 μ•ˆλ˜λŠ” μΌμ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
04:17
Okay, if there's anything stranger
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이보닀 더 μ΄μƒν•œμ΄ μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
04:20
I think it has to be dark energy.
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μ§€κΈˆλΆ€ν„° λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦΄ "암흑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
If I throw a ball into the air,
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μ œκ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 곡을 κ³΅μ€‘μœΌλ‘œ λ˜μ§€λ©΄
04:24
I expect it to go up.
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κ·Έ 곡이 μœ„λ‘œ 갈 κ±°λΌκ³ λŠ” μ˜ˆμƒν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
04:26
What I don't expect is that it go up
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κ·Έ 곡이 점점 더 λΉ λ₯Έ μ†λ„λ‘œ
04:28
at an ever-increasing rate.
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μœ„λ‘œ 갈 κ±°λΌκ³ λŠ” μ˜ˆμƒν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:30
Similarly, cosmologists understand why
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μš°μ£Όλ‘ μžλ“€μ€ μš°μ£Όκ°€ νŒ½μ°½ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
04:33
the universe is expanding.
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이해λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
04:34
They don't understand why it's expanding
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μš°μ£Όκ°€ 점점 더 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ νŒ½μ°½ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
04:36
at an ever-increasing rate.
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
They give the cause of this
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우주의 가속 팽창 원인에
04:40
accelerated expansion a name,
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μš°μ£Όλ‘ μžλ“€μ΄ 뢙인 이름이
04:42
and they call it dark energy.
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λ°”λ‘œ "암흑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
And, again, we want to learn more about it.
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이것에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 많이 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜μ£ .
04:46
So, one particular question that we have is,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°λ³„νžˆ κΆκΈˆν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 의문이 μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”,
04:49
how does dark energy affect the universe
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λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ λ‹¨μœ„μ—μ„œ 암흑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ μš°μ£Όμ—
04:51
at the largest scales?
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μ–΄λ–€ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”κ°€? μ˜ˆμš”.
04:53
Depending on how strong it is,
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암흑 μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ˜ 강도에 따라
04:54
maybe structure forms faster or slower.
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ ꡬ쑰가 더 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” 더 느리게 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§ˆ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
04:58
Well, the problem with the large-scale structure
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음, λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ λ‹¨μœ„μ˜ ꡬ쑰에 κ΄€ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
05:00
of the universe is that it's horribly complicated.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λ³΅μž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
Here is a computer simulation.
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λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 사진은 μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λ‘œ λͺ¨μ˜μ‹€ν—˜ν•œ κ²ƒμΈλ°μš”,
05:05
And we need a way to simplify it.
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이걸 λ‹¨μˆœν™”ν•  방법이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:07
Well, I like to think about this using an analogy.
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λΉ„μœ λ₯Ό 톡해 생각해 보죠.
05:11
If I want to understand the sinking of the Titanic,
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νƒ€μ΄νƒ€λ‹‰ν˜Έκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μΉ¨λͺ°ν–ˆλŠ”지
05:13
the most important thing to do
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ € ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ,
05:15
is not to model the little positions
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λΆ€μ„œμ§„ μž‘μ€ 보트 쑰각 ν•˜λ‚˜ ν•˜λ‚˜κΉŒμ§€λ„
05:17
of every single little piece of the boat that broke off.
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λͺ¨λΈν™”ν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠλŠ” 게 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
The most important thing to do is
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κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은
05:21
to track the two biggest parts.
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μ»€λ‹€λž€ 두 뢀뢄을 μΆ”μ ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
Similarly, I can learn a lot about the universe
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ, μ €λŠ” λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ λ‹¨μœ„μ˜ μš°μ£Όμ— λŒ€ν•΄
05:27
at the largest scales
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λ§Žμ€ 것을 배우기 μœ„ν•˜μ—¬
05:29
by tracking its biggest pieces
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μ»€λ‹€λž€ 뢀뢄듀을 μΆ”μ ν–ˆλŠ”λ°,
05:30
and those biggest pieces are clusters of galaxies.
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그게 λ°”λ‘œ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
So, as I come to a close,
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이제 강연이 끝날 λ•Œκ°€ λ˜λ©΄μ„œ,
05:37
you might feel slightly cheated.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μ†μ•˜λ‹€κ³  λŠλΌμ‹€μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ–΄μš”.
05:39
I mean, I began by talking about
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μ œκ°€ 강연을 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
05:42
how galaxy clusters are useful,
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μ€ν•˜λ‹¨μ΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μœ μš©ν•œμ§€ 말씀을 λ“œλ Έκ³ ,
05:44
and I've given some reasons,
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λ„ λͺ‡κ°€μ§€ μ„€λͺ…λ“œλ ΈλŠ”λ°μš”,
05:45
but what is their use really?
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ€ν•˜λ‹¨ 이야기λ₯Ό 어디에 μ“ΈκΉŒμš”?
05:48
Well, to answer this,
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음, 그에 λŒ€ν•œ 닡은
05:50
I want to give you a quote by Henry Ford
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헨리 ν¬λ“œκ°€ ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ λŒ€μ‹ ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
when he was asked about cars.
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헨리 ν¬λ“œκ°€ 차에 κ΄€ν•΄ 질문 λ°›κ³ 
05:54
He had this to say:
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λŒ€λ‹΅ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ£ .:
05:55
"If I had asked people what they wanted,
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"λ§Œμ•½ μ œκ°€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 게 뭔지 λ¬Όμ—ˆλ”λ‹€λ©΄,
05:58
they would have said faster horses."
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그듀은 더 λΉ λ₯Έ 말이라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν–ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€."
06:00
Today, we as a society are faced
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ , 우리 μ‚¬νšŒλŠ”
06:03
with many, many difficult problems.
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ–΄λ €μš΄ λ¬Έμ œμ— 직면해 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
And the solutions to these problems are not obvious.
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그런 λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 해결책은 λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
06:09
They are not faster horses.
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'λΉ λ₯Έ 말'이 해결책이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
They will require an enormous amount of
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λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ 것은
06:13
scientific ingenuity.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ–‘μ˜ 과학적 λ…μ°½μ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
So, yes, we need to focus,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 문제 해결에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ°μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ ,
06:17
yes, we need to concentrate,
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λ˜ν•œ, 집쀑해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
but we also need to remember that
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λͺ…심해야 ν•  것은
06:20
innovation, ingenuity, inspiration --
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ν˜μ‹ , 독창성, 그리고 μ˜κ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
these things come
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그것을 μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ”
06:25
when we broaden our field of vision
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우리의 μ‹œμ•Όμ˜ 폭을 λ„“νžˆκ³ ,
06:26
when we step back
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λ’€λ‘œ ν•œκ±ΈμŒ λ¬ΌλŸ¬λ‚˜μ„œ,
06:28
when we zoom out.
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큰 그림으둜 λ³΄λŠ” 것이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:29
And I can't think of a better way to do this than
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κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 방법은 우리λ₯Ό λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Έκ³  μžˆλŠ”
06:31
by studying the universe around us. Thanks.
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우주λ₯Ό μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 거라고 μ €λŠ” μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:34
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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