Paper towns and why learning is awesome | John Green

2,190,960 views ใƒป 2015-07-22

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yeasel Yu ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yeram Ha
00:13
This is a map of New York State
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์ด ๋‰ด์š• ์ฃผ์˜ ์ง€๋„๋Š”
00:14
that was made in 1937 by the General Drafting Company.
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1937๋…„์— ์ œ๋„ˆ๋Ÿด ๋“œ๋ž˜ํ”„ํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
00:18
It's an extremely famous map among cartography nerds,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋„์ œ์ž‘์— ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
because down here at the bottom of the Catskill Mountains,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ ์บ์ธ ํ‚ฌ ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ‘์—
00:24
there is a little town called Roscoe --
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๋กœ์Šค์ฝ”๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์„์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
actually, this will go easier if I just put it up here --
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋†“์œผ๋ฉด ๋” ์ž˜ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋กœ์Šค์ฝ”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„์—๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๋ก๋žœ๋“œ๊ฐ€,
00:29
There's Roscoe, and then right above Roscoe is Rockland, New York,
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00:32
and then right above that is the tiny town of Agloe, New York.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„์—๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Agloe, New York, is very famous to cartographers,
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์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋Š” ์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ฃผ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋งˆ์„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
because it's a paper town.
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
It's also known as a copyright trap.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ ๋ซ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Mapmakers -- because my map of New York and your map of New York
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ €์™€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‰ด์š• ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€
00:47
are going to look very similar, on account of the shape of New York --
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ํ˜•ํƒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋น„์Šทํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:51
often, mapmakers will insert fake places onto their maps,
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์ข…์ข… ์ง€๋„์ œ์ž‘์ž๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง€๋„ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€์งœ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
in order to protect their copyright.
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์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
00:57
Because then, if my fake place shows up on your map,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ๊ฐ€์งœ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง€๋„ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:00
I can be well and truly sure that you have robbed me.
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์ œ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฒ ๊ผˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
01:04
Agloe is a scrabblization of the initials of the two guys who made this map,
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์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋Š” ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ์–ด๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์•จํผ์Šค์™€ ์˜คํ†  G. ๋ฆฐ๋“œ๋ฒ„๊ทธ์˜
01:09
Ernest Alpers and Otto [G.] Lindberg,
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์ด๋‹ˆ์…œ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:12
and they released this map in 1937.
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1937๋…„์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
Decades later, Rand McNally releases a map
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์ˆ˜ ์‹ญ๋…„ ํ›„, ๋žœ๋“œ ๋งฅ๋‚ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์— ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:18
with Agloe, New York, on it, at the same exact intersection
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์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋”˜์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ง€์ ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
01:22
of two dirt roads in the middle of nowhere.
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๋‘ ํ™๊ธธ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ต์ฐจ์ ์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Well, you can imagine the delight over at General Drafting.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ๋„ˆ๋Ÿด ๋“œ๋ž˜ํ”„ํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
They immediately call Rand McNally, and they say,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋žœ๋“œ ๋งฅ๋‚ผ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
"We've caught you! We made Agloe, New York, up.
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋”ฑ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:36
It is a fake place. It's a paper town.
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์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์งœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์„œ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
We're going to sue your pants off!"
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ํ˜ผ์ด ์™ ๋น ์ง€๋„๋ก ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ณ ์†Œํ• ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!"
01:41
And Rand McNally says, "No, no, no, no, Agloe is real."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋žœ๋“œ ๋งฅ๋‚ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”, ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:46
Because people kept going to that intersection of two dirt roads --
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์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‘ ํ™๊ธธ์˜ ๊ต์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:51
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:52
in the middle of nowhere, expecting there to be a place called Agloe --
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋˜ํ„ฐ๋ผ
01:56
someone built a place called Agloe, New York.
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๋‰ด์š•์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:01
It had a gas station, a general store, two houses at its peak.
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์œ ์†Œ์™€, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ƒ์ , ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—” ๋‘ ์ฑ„์˜ ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:07
And this is of course a completely irresistible metaphor to a novelist,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์ผ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์†Œ์„ค๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์€์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
because we would all like to believe that the stuff that we write down on paper
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ์„ค๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ด ์œ„์— ์จ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
02:16
can change the actual world in which we're actually living,
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์‹ค์ œ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
which is why my third book is called "Paper Towns".
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์ œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฑ… ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด "์ข…์ด ๋งˆ์„" ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:21
But what interests me ultimately more than the medium in which this happened,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค๋ฃŒ์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:26
is the phenomenon itself.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ž์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
It's easy enough to say that the world shapes our maps of the world, right?
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์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€๋„์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๊ณผ์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
02:33
Like the overall shape of the world is obviously going to affect our maps.
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์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
But what I find a lot more interesting is the way
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ดค๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:41
that the manner in which we map the world changes the world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Because the world would truly be a different place if North were down.
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๋ถ์ชฝ์ด ์•„๋ž˜ ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:50
And the world would be a truly different place
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์™€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋„์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:52
if Alaska and Russia weren't on opposite sides of the map.
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์„ธ์ƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
And the world would be a different place
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์‹ค์ œํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:57
if we projected Europe to show it in its actual size.
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ํˆฌ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
The world is changed by our maps of the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ง€๋„์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
The way that we choose -- sort of, our personal cartographic enterprise,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํš ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด
03:11
also shapes the map of our lives,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ์ƒ ์ง€๋„์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
03:13
and that in turn shapes our lives.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
I believe that what we map changes the life we lead.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋„๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
And I don't mean that in some, like, secret-y Oprah's Angels network, like,
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์€๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์˜ ์ฒœ์‚ฌ๋“ค ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋‚˜ ์•”์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜
03:25
you-can-think-your-way- out-of-cancer sense.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
But I do believe that while maps don't show you where you will go in your life,
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์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ์ƒ ์†์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„
03:34
they show you where you might go.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
You very rarely go to a place that isn't on your personal map.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋„์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋“œ๋ฌผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
So I was a really terrible student when I was a kid.
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆด ์  ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์—ด๋“ฑ์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
My GPA was consistently in the low 2s.
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์ œ ํ‰์ ์€ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๋‚ฎ์€ 2์ ๋Œ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
And I think the reason that I was such a terrible student
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์—ด๋“ฑ์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
03:51
is that I felt like education was just a series of hurdles
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ต์œก์€ ์ œ ์•ž์— ์„ธ์›Œ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:54
that had been erected before me,
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์—ฐ์†๋œ ํ—ˆ๋“ค๋กœ๋งŒ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ๊ณ 
03:56
and I had to jump over in order to achieve adulthood.
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์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋›ฐ์–ด ๋„˜์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
And I didn't really want to jump over these hurdles,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ—ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
because they seemed completely arbitrary, so I often wouldn't,
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ํ—ˆ๋“ค์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ œ๋ฉ‹๋Œ€๋กœ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒˆ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
and then people would threaten me, you know,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊พธ์ค‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
they'd threaten me with this "going on [my] permanent record,"
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"๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€์›Œ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ธฐ๋ก์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค." ๋˜๋Š”
04:10
or "You'll never get a good job."
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"๋„ˆ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ข‹์€ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ." ๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
I didn't want a good job!
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์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ง์—…์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
04:15
As far as I could tell at eleven or twelve years old,
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11์‚ด, 12์‚ด ๋ฌด๋ ต ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
04:17
like, people with good jobs woke up very early in the morning,
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์ข‹์€ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์นจ์— ์ •๋ง ์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:22
and the men who had good jobs, one of the first things they did
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ์ผ ์ฒ˜์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:27
was tie a strangulation item of clothing around their necks.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์˜ท์˜ ๋ชฉ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งค๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌถ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:31
They literally put nooses on themselves,
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ์˜ฌ๊ฐ€๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋งค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:33
and then they went off to their jobs, whatever they were.
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋“  ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
That's not a recipe for a happy life.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋น„๋ฒ•์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
These people -- in my, symbol-obsessed, twelve year-old imagination --
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์ƒ์ง•์— ํ‘น ๋น ์ง„ ์ €์˜ ์—ด๋‘์‚ด์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
04:43
these people who are strangling themselves
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€, ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์„
04:46
as one of the first things they do each morning,
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์–ต์••ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์ฒซ์งธ์ธ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:48
they can't possibly be happy.
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์•„๋งˆ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Why would I want to jump over all of these hurdles
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์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜๊ณ ๋Š”
04:53
and have that be the end?
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์™œ ๋์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
04:55
That's a terrible end!
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์ •๋ง์ด์ง€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
04:57
And then, when I was in tenth grade, I went to this school,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ 10ํ•™๋…„์ผ ๋•Œ ๋‹ค๋‹Œ ํ•™๊ต๋Š”
05:00
Indian Springs School, a small boarding school,
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์ธ๋””์•ˆ ์Šคํ”„๋ง์Šค๋ผ๋Š” ์•จ๋ผ๋ฐฐ๋งˆ์˜ ๋ฒ„๋ฐํ–„ ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ
05:03
outside of Birmingham, Alabama.
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์ž‘์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ™ ํ•™๊ต์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
And all at once I became a learner.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ €๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
And I became a learner, because I found myself
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์ € ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์†์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:11
in a community of learners.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
I found myself surrounded by people
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์ œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:14
who celebrated intellectualism and engagement,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์  ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ
05:18
and who thought that my ironic oh-so-cool disengagement
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ €์˜ ๋ฐ˜์–ด์ ์ธ ์ดํƒˆ์ด
05:22
wasn't clever, or funny,
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์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ์ง€๋„ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
but, like, it was a simple and unspectacular response
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„์••์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์—
05:27
to very complicated and compelling problems.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
And so I started to learn, because learning was cool.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์›€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์›€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—
05:33
I learned that some infinite sets are bigger than other infinite sets,
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
05:36
and I learned that iambic pentameter is and why it sounds so good to human ears.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ• ์˜ค๋ณด๊ฒฉ ์šด์œจ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์™œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
I learned that the Civil War was a nationalizing conflict,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‚จ๋ถ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
I learned some physics,
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์› ๊ณ 
05:45
I learned that correlation shouldn't be confused with causation --
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์ƒ๊ด€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
all of these things, by the way,
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์–ด์จ‹๋“ , ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
05:50
enriched my life on a literally daily basis.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋งค์ผ ์ œ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋†’์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And it's true that I don't use most of them for my "job,"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์˜ "์ง์—…"์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
but that's not what it's about for me.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
It's about cartography.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘๋ฒ•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
What is the process of cartography?
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์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
06:04
It's, you know, sailing upon some land, and thinking,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡์˜ ์œก์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:07
"I think I'll draw that bit of land,"
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"์ € ์œก์ง€์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ทธ๋ ค์•ผ๊ฒ ์–ด."
06:09
and then wondering, "Maybe there's some more land to draw."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” "์œก์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ทธ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:13
And that's when learning really began for me.
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์ €์—๊ฒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์›€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
It's true that I had teachers that didn't give up on me,
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์ €๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์…จ๊ณ 
06:17
and I was very fortunate to have those teachers,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์…”์„œ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
because I often gave them cause to think there was no reason to invest in me.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ์›์ธ์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:24
But a lot of the learning that I did in high school
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
06:28
wasn't about what happened inside the classroom,
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๊ต์‹ค ์•ˆ์—์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:31
it was about what happened outside of the classroom.
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๊ต์‹ค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
For instance, I can tell you
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ
06:35
that "There's a certain Slant of light, Winter Afternoons --
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"ํ•œ์ค„๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง„ ํ–‡์‚ด์ด ๋น„์น˜๋„ค. ๊ฒจ์šธ ์˜คํ›„์—-- "
06:37
That oppresses, like the Heft Of Cathedral Tunes --"
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๋ฌด๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ์ง“๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋„ค. ์„ฑ๋‹น์—์„œ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณก์กฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ--"๋ผ๊ณ  ์Š์กฐ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
not because I memorized Emily Dickinson in school
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ๋•Œ ์—๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋””ํ‚จ์Šจ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฅผ
06:43
when I was in high school,
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์™ธ์› ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:45
but because there was a girl when I was in high school,
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๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ ๋•Œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋˜ ํ•œ ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
and her name was Amanda, and I had a crush on her,
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์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์•„๋งŒ๋‹ค์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:50
and she liked Emily Dickinson poetry.
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๊ทธ ์• ๋Š” ์—๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋””ํ‚จ์Šจ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
The reason I can tell you what opportunity cost is,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐํšŒ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:55
is because one day when I was playing Super Mario Kart on my couch,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†ŒํŒŒ ์œ„์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํผ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์นดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
06:59
my friend Emmet walked in, and he said,
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์ €์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ ์—๋ฉง์ด ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
07:00
"How long have you been playing Super Mario Kart?"
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"๋„ˆ ์ˆ˜ํผ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์นดํŠธ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ?"
07:03
And I said, "I don't know, like, six hours?" and he said,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "๋‚˜๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ, ํ•œ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฏค?"๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
"Do you realize that if you'd worked at Baskin-Robbins those six hours,
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"๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฒ ์Šคํ‚จ ๋ผ๋นˆ์Šค์—์„œ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:10
you could have made 30 dollars, so in some ways,
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30๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ตณ์ด ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
07:12
you just paid thirty dollars to play Super Mario Kart."
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๋„ˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํผ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์นดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  30๋ถˆ์„ ์จ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
07:15
And I was, like, "I'll take that deal."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” "๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:20
But I learned what opportunity cost is.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
And along the way, the map of my life got better.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ €์˜ ์ธ์ƒ ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์ ์  ์ข‹์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
It got bigger; it contained more places.
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๋” ์ปค์กŒ๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
There were more things that might happen,
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์กŒ๊ณ ,
07:33
more futures I might have.
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๋” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
It wasn't a formal, organized learning process,
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๊ด€์Šต์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ์›€์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
07:39
and I'm happy to admit that.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
It was spotty, it was inconsistent, there was a lot I didn't know.
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์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
I might know, you know, Cantor's idea
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌดํ•œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌดํ•œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š”
07:47
that some infinite sets are larger than other infinite sets,
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์บ”ํ„ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
but I didn't really understand the calculus behind that idea.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์ƒ์— ๋‹ด๊ฒจ์ง„ ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์„ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
I might know the idea of opportunity cost,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํšŒ ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ์•Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋‚˜
07:55
but I didn't know the law of diminishing returns.
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์ˆ˜ํ™•์ฒด๊ฐ๋ฒ•์น™์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
But the great thing about imagining learning as cartography,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐฐ์›€์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:00
instead of imagining it as arbitrary hurdles
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋ฉ‹๋Œ€๋กœ์ธ
08:02
that you have to jump over,
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ํ—ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ ์€
08:03
is that you see a bit of coastline, and that makes you want to see more.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
And so now I do know at least some of the calculus
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”
08:09
that underlies all of that stuff.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
So, I had one learning community
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์ €์˜ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—๋Š” ํ•™์Šต๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
08:13
in high school, then I went to another for college,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„
08:15
and then I went to another,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์Šต ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์— ๊ฐ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
when I started working at a magazine called "Booklist,"
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๋ถ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ๋Š” ์žก์ง€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์กฐ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
08:19
where I was an assistant, surrounded by astonishingly well-read people.
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๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ฐ•์‹ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
And then I wrote a book.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ฑ… ํ•œ ๊ถŒ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
And like all authors dream of doing,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๋“ฏ์ด
08:27
I promptly quit my job.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:30
And for the first time since high school,
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๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ดํ›„ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
08:32
I found myself without a learning community, and it was miserable.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•™์Šต ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์—†๋Š” ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์ฐธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
I hated it.
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์ •๋ง ์‹ซ์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:38
I read many, many books during this two-year period.
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2๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
I read books about Stalin,
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์Šคํƒˆ๋ฆฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
08:43
and books about how the Uzbek people came to identify as Muslims,
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์šฐ์ฆˆ๋ฒ ํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šฌ๋ฆผ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:47
and I read books about how to make atomic bombs,
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์›์ž ํญํƒ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
but it just felt like I was creating my own hurdles,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚˜์˜ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
08:52
and then jumping over them myself, instead of feeling the excitement
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๊ทธ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋›ฐ์–ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
of being part of a community of learners, a community of people
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ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋˜์–ด ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€๋ณด๋‹ค
09:00
who are engaged together in the cartographic enterprise
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์ง€๋„์ œ์ž‘ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ง€๋„๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋‚ด๋Š”
09:03
of trying to better understand and map the world around us.
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:06
And then, in 2006, I met that guy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2006๋…„์— ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
His name is Ze Frank.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ œ์ด ํ”„๋žญํฌ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
I didn't actually meet him, just on the Internet.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:14
Ze Frank was running, at the time, a show called "The Show with Ze Frank,"
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Š” "์ œ์ด ํ”„๋žญํฌ ์‡ผ"๋ผ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
09:19
and I discovered the show,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
09:20
and that was my way back into being a community learner again.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•™์Šต์ž์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Here's Ze talking about Las Vegas:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์Šค ๋ฒ ๊ฐ€์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
(Video) Ze Frank: Las Vegas was built in the middle of a huge, hot desert.
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์ œ์ด ํ”„๋žญํฌ: ๋ผ์Šค ๋ฒ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์„ธ์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
Almost everything here was brought from somewhere else --
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋“ค์—ฌ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
the sort of rocks, the trees, the waterfalls.
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๋ฐ”์œ„, ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ํญํฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:36
These fish are almost as out of place as my pig that flew.
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์ด ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ์ €์˜ ๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด ๊ณณ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
Contrasted to the scorching desert that surrounds this place,
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๋ผ์Šค ๋ฒ ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๊ณณ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๋Š” ๋ชน์‹œ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
09:42
so are these people.
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์ด๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
Things from all over the world have been rebuilt here, away from their histories,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋„์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ์ž ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ
09:47
and away from the people that experience them differently.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๊ฑด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
Sometimes improvements were made -- even the Sphinx got a nose job.
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํ•‘ํฌ์Šค๋„ ์ฝ” ์„ฑํ˜•์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
09:53
Here, there's no reason to feel like you're missing anything.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
This New York means the same to me as it does to everyone else.
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๋‰ด์š•์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Everything is out of context, and that means context allows for everything:
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ ๋ฐ–์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ฃ .
10:02
Self Parking, Events Center, Shark Reef.
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๋ฌด์ธ ์ฃผ์ฐจ, ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ ์„ผํ„ฐ, ์ƒ์–ด ์–ด์ดˆ.
10:04
This fabrication of place could be one of the world's greatest achievements,
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์ด ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—…์ ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
because no one belongs here; everyone does.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ด ๊ณณ์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ . ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
10:10
As I walked around this morning, I noticed most of the buildings
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ด ๋˜์–ด
10:13
were huge mirrors reflecting the sun back into the desert.
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ํƒœ์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ๋’ค์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
But unlike most mirrors,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜
10:17
which present you with an outside view of yourself embedded in a place,
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์™ธ๊ด€์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฑฐ์šธ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
10:20
these mirrors come back empty.
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์ด ๊ฑฐ์šธ๋“ค์€ ํ…… ๋นˆ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
John Green: Makes me nostalgic for the days
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ํ”ฝ์…€์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ์˜
10:24
when you could see the pixels in online video.
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ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:27
Ze isn't just a great public intellectual, he's also a brilliant community builder,
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์ œ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ง€์‹์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ช…์„ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์ž์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
and the community of people that built up around these videos
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ๋“ค ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์„ธ์›Œ์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋Š”
10:34
was in many ways a community of learners.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ชจ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
10:36
So we played Ze Frank at chess collaboratively, and we beat him.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ œ์ด ํ”„๋žญํฌ์™€ ํ•ฉ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
We organized ourselves to take a young man on a road trip across the United States.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ Š์€ ์ฒญ๋…„์„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„ํšํ–ˆ์ฃ .
10:44
We turned the Earth into a sandwich,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
by having one person hold a piece of bread at one point on the Earth,
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ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋นต ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:50
and on the exact opposite point of the Earth,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ
10:52
have another person holding a piece of bread.
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๋นต ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ค๊ณ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:55
I realize that these are silly ideas, but they are also "learny" ideas,
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์–ด์ด์—†๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋˜ "๋ฐฐ์šธ๋งŒํ•œ" ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
and that was what was so exciting to me,
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์ด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ํฅ๋ถ„๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
11:03
and if you go online, you can find communities like this all over the place.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์ด๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
Follow the calculus tag on Tumblr,
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ํ…€๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™ ํƒœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:09
and yes, you will see people complaining about calculus,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
11:11
but you'll also see people re-blogging those complaints,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ค์„ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ฌ๋ ค์„œ
11:14
making the argument that calculus is interesting and beautiful,
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๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํŽผ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
and here's a way in to thinking about the problem that you find unsolvable.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
You can go to places like Reddit, and find sub-Reddits,
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"๋ ˆ๋”ง"๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ "์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”"๋‚˜
11:24
like "Ask a Historian" or "Ask Science,"
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"๊ณผํ•™์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”" ๊ฐ™์€ ์„œ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ๋”ง์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:26
where you can ask people who are in these fields
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
11:30
a wide range of questions,
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๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
from very serious ones to very silly ones.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์—์„œ ์›ƒ๊ธด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:34
But to me, the most interesting communities of learners
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋Š”
11:36
that are growing up on the Internet right now are on YouTube,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋œจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
and admittedly, I am biased.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ €๋Š” ํŽธ์• ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
But I think in a lot of ways, the YouTube page resembles a classroom.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๊ต์‹ค๊ณผ ๋‹ฎ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
Look for instance at "Minute Physics,"
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์˜ˆ์‹œ๋กœ "1๋ถ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™"์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:47
a guy who's teaching the world about physics:
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ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
(Video) Let's cut to the chase.
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(์˜์ƒ) ๋ณธ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:52
As of July 4, 2012, the Higgs boson is the last fundamental piece
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2012๋…„ 7์›” 4์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ํž‰์Šค ์ž…์ž๋Š”
11:55
of the standard model of particle physics to be discovered experimentally.
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์ž…์ž ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
But, you might ask, why was the Higgs boson
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
12:01
included in the standard model,
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์™œ ํž‰์Šค ์ž…์ž๋Š” 1970๋…„๋„์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
12:02
alongside well-known particles like electrons and photons and quarks,
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์ „์ž, ๊ด‘์ž์™€ ์ฟผํฌ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ž…์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ
12:05
if it hadn't been discovered back then in the 1970s?
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ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
12:08
Good question. There are two main reasons.
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์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
First, just like the electron is an excitation in the electron field,
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์ฒซ์งธ๋Š”, ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ „์ž์žฅ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
12:13
the Higgs boson is simply a particle which is an excitation
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ํž‰์Šค ์ž…์ž๋„ ํ‰์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ํž‰์Šค์žฅ์˜
12:16
of the everywhere-permeating Higgs field.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ธ ์ž…์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
The Higgs field in turn plays an integral role
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํž‰์Šค์žฅ์€ ์•ฝํ•œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜• ์•ˆ์—์„œ
12:20
in our model for the weak nuclear force.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
In particular, the Higgs field helps explain why it's so weak.
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ํŠนํžˆ ํž‰์Šค์žฅ์€ ์™œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ์ด ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ์•ฝํ•œ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
We'll talk more about this in a later video,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
12:28
but even though weak nuclear theory was confirmed in the 1980s, in the equations,
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์•ฝํ•œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์ด๋ก ์ด 1980๋…„๋„์— ์Šน์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฐ˜์‘์‹ ์•ˆ์—์„œ
12:32
the Higgs field is so inextricably jumbled with the weak force, that until now
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ํž‰์Šค์žฅ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•ฝํ•œ ํž˜๊ณผ ๋’ค์„ž์—ฌ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€
12:35
we've been unable to confirm its actual and independent existence.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํž‰์Šค์žฅ์˜ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋…์ž์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
JG: Or here's a video that I made
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„1์ฐจ๋Œ€์ „์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ ์ œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ "ํฌ๋ž˜์‹œ ์ฝ”์Šค"์˜
12:40
as part of my show "Crash Course," talking about World War I:
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์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ์จ ๋งŒ๋“  ์˜์ƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
(Video) The immediate cause was of course the assassination in Sarajevo
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(์˜์ƒ) ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์€ 1914๋…„ 6์›” 28์ผ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์˜ˆ๋ณด์—์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜
12:47
of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
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๋ณด์Šค๋‹ˆ์•„ ์„ธ๋ฅด๋น„์•„ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ฃผ์˜์ž์ธ ๊ฐ€๋ธŒ๋ฆด๋กœ ํ”„๋ฆฐ์น˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ
12:49
on June 28, 1914, by a Bosnian-Serb nationalist named Gavrilo Princip.
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์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋Œ€๊ณตํ”„๋ž€์ธ  ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋””๋‚œํŠธ์˜ ์•”์‚ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
Quick aside: It's worth noting
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์งง์€ ์—ฌ๋‹ด: 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ
12:55
that the first big war of the twentieth century began
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ํฐ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ ํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
12:57
with an act of terrorism.
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์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
So Franz Ferdinand wasn't particularly well-liked
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”„๋ž€์ธ  ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋””๋‚œํŠธ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ธ ํ”„๋ž€์ฆˆ ์กฐ์…‰ ํ™ฉ์ œ์—๊ฒŒ
13:01
by his uncle, the emperor Franz Joseph -- now that is a mustache!
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์˜ˆ์จ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ . ์ฝง์ˆ˜์—ผ์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋„ค์š”!
13:05
But even so, the assassination led Austria to issue an ultimatum to Serbia,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•”์‚ด์€ ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๋ฅด๋น„์•„๋กœ ์ตœํ›„ํ†ต์ฒฉ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
13:08
whereupon Serbia accepted some, but not all, of Austria's demands,
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์„ธ๋ฅด๋น„์•„๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ตœํ›„ํ†ต์ฒฉ์„ ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
leading Austria to declare war against Serbia.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฅด๋น„์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์„ ํฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
And then Russia, due to its alliance with the Serbs, mobilized its army.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฅด๋น„์•„์™€์˜ ๋™๋งน์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋™์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
Germany, because it had an alliance with Austria,
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๋…์ผ์€ ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ๋™๋งน์„ ๋งบ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—
13:20
told Russia to stop mobilizing,
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€ ๋™์›์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋„๋ก ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
which Russia failed to do, so then Germany mobilized its own army,
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ž ๋…์ผ๋„ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋™์›ํ•˜๊ณ 
13:25
declared war on Russia, cemented an alliance with the Ottomans,
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์— ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์„ ํฌํ•ด์„œ ์˜ค์Šค๋งŒ ์ œ๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๋™๋งน์„ ๊ตณํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
and then declared war on France, because, you know, France.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์— ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์„ ํฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์ž–์•„์š”.
13:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
13:35
And it's not just physics and world history
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:37
that people are choosing to learn through YouTube.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
Here's a video about abstract mathematics.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ก  ์ˆ˜ํ•™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
(Video) So you're me, and you're in math class yet again,
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(์˜์ƒ) ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ €๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ต์‹ค์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์™”๊ตฐ์š”.
13:48
because they make you go every single day.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์ผ ๋งค์ผ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ต์‹ค์— ๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
13:50
And you're learning about, I don't know, the sums of infinite series.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋„ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌดํ•œ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:53
That's a high school topic, right?
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๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
13:55
Which is odd, because it's a cool topic, but they somehow manage to ruin it anyway.
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์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๋‹ค๋“ค ๋ง์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
13:59
So I guess that's why they allow infinite series in the curriculum.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋งˆ ๋ฌดํ•œ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
So, in a quite understandable need for distraction, you're doodling
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ดํ•ด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ
14:05
and thinking more about what the plural of "series" should be
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ "์—ฐ์†"๋ณด๋‹ค
14:08
than about the topic at hand: "serieses," "seriese," "seriesen," and "serii?"
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์—ฐ์†์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
Or is it that the singular should be changed: one "serie," or "serum,"
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด "์‹œ๋ฆฌ", "์„ธ๋Ÿผ"์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:15
just like the singular of "sheep" should be "shoop."
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"์‰ฝ"์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด "์Š™"์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:18
But the whole concept of things
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์€
14:19
like 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 and so on approaches one, is useful if, say,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 1/2+1/4+1/16 ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์„œ 1์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
14:23
you want to draw a line of elephants,
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๊ทธ ์˜† ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค„์ง€์€ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„
14:25
each holding the tail of the next one:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ธธ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์œ ์šฉํ•œ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€:
14:26
normal elephant, young elephant, baby elephant, dog-sized elephant,
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ, ์ Š์€ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ, ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐœ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ,
14:30
puppy-sized elephant, all the way down to Mr. Tusks and beyond.
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ, ํ„ฐ์Šคํฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์™ธ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€
14:33
Which is at least a tiny bit awesome,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
because you can get an infinite number of elephants in a line,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ค„์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:37
and still have it fit across a single notebook page.
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์•„์ง๋„ ๊ณต์ฑ… ํ•œ ์ชฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒํผ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐจ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
JG: And lastly, here's Destin, from "Smarter Every Day,"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "๋งค์ผ ๋” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ"์˜ ๋ฐ์Šคํ‹ด์ด
14:43
talking about the conservation of angular momentum,
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์œ ๋ทฐ๋ธŒ์ด๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ์šด๋™๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณด์กด๊ณผ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
and, since it's YouTube, cats:
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14:46
(Video) Hey, it's me, Destin. Welcome back to "Smarter Every Day."
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(์˜์ƒ) ๋ฐ์Šคํ‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋งค์ผ ๋” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ" ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฑธ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ด์š”.
14:50
So you've probably observed that cats almost always land on their feet.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
14:53
Today's question is: why?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์™œ? ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
Like most simple questions, there's a very complex answer.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋‹ต๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
For instance, let me reword this question:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณด์ฃ .
15:00
How does a cat go from feet-up to feet-down in a falling reference frame,
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ์šด๋™๋Ÿ‰ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
15:05
without violating the conservation of angular momentum?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ด ์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
15:08
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:09
JG: So, here's something all four of these videos have in common:
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์ด 4๊ฐœ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์—๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
They all have more than half a million views on YouTube.
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์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์—์„œ 50๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์กฐํšŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
And those are people watching not in classrooms,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ต์‹ค ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
but because they are part of the communities of learning
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ฐฐ์›€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ณ 
15:23
that are being set up by these channels.
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๊ฐ ์ฑ„๋„๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
15:25
And I said earlier that YouTube is like a classroom to me,
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์•ž์„œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ต์‹ค ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
15:28
and in many ways it is, because here is the instructor --
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
15:31
it's like the old-fashioned classroom: here's the instructor,
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์˜›๋‚  ์‹์˜ ๊ต์‹ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”. ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
15:34
and then beneath the instructor are the students,
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๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์•„๋ž˜์—๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
15:36
and they're all having a conversation.
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๋‹ค๊ฐ™์ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:38
And I know that YouTube comments have a very bad reputation
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์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋“ค์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์—์„œ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€
15:42
in the world of the Internet,
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๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ €๋„ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ
15:44
but in fact, if you go on comments for these channels,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ์ฑ„๋„๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋ž€์— ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋ฉด
15:47
what you'll find is people engaging the subject matter,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
15:50
asking difficult, complicated questions that are about the subject matter,
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์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ณ 
15:54
and then other people answering those questions.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
And because the YouTube page is set up so that the page in which I'm talking to you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ ธ์„œ
16:02
is on the exact -- the place where I'm talking to you is on the exact same page
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์žˆ๊ณ 
16:06
as your comments,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
16:07
you are participating in a live and real and active way in the conversation.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
And because I'm in comments usually, I get to participate with you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณดํ†ต ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
And you find this whether it's world history,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ด๋“ ์ง€
16:19
or mathematics, or science, or whatever it is.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™, ๊ณผํ•™, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:22
You also see young people using the tools and the sort of genres of the Internet
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๋˜ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง€์ ์ธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
16:27
in order to create places for intellectual engagement,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์•„๋Š” "์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค, ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค."
16:30
instead of the ironic detachment
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์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์  ์œ ์ „๊ณผ
16:32
that maybe most of us associate with memes and other Internet conventions --
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋Œ€ํ™”์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ง“๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฐ˜์–ด์ ์ธ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค
16:37
you know, "Got bored. Invented calculus."
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๋„๊ตฌ์™€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์žฅ๋ฅด์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
Or, here's Honey Boo Boo criticizing industrial capitalism:
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฟ€ ๋ฐœ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฐ์—… ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
["Liberal capitalism is not at all the Good of humanity.
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["์ž์œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ธ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
Quite the contrary; it is the vehicle of savage, destructive nihilism."]
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ; ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ผ๋งŒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํŒŒ๊ดด์  ํ—ˆ๋ฌด์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."]
16:49
In case you can't see what she says ... yeah.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ด๋ผ ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด... ๋„ค.
16:52
I really believe that these spaces,
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์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด
16:56
these communities, have become for a new generation of learners,
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์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋„์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€
17:01
the kind of communities, the kind of cartographic communities
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
that I had when I was in high school, and then again when I was in college.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
And as an adult, re-finding these communities
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋ฅธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
17:13
has re-introduced me to a community of learners,
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๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ 
17:16
and has encouraged me to continue to be a learner even in my adulthood,
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์–ด๋ฅธ์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
so that I no longer feel like learning is something reserved for the young.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐฐ์›€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ Š์€ ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋น„์ถ•๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
Vi Hart and "Minute Physics" introduced me
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๋น„ ํ• ํŠธ์™€ "1๋ถ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™"์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
17:28
to all kinds of things that I didn't know before.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:31
And I know that we all hearken back
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
17:33
to the days of the Parisian salon in the Enlightenment,
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๊ณ„๋ชฝ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ค‘ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์ ๊ณผ ์•Œ๊ณคํ‚จ์กฑ์˜ ์›ํ˜• ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์— ๋Œ€๊ณ 
17:36
or to the Algonquin Round Table, and wish,
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์†Œ์› ๋นŒ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์˜€์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ๊ฑธ,
17:38
"Oh, I wish I could have been a part of that,
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๋„๋กœ์‹œ ํŒŒ์ปค์˜ ๋†๋‹ด์— ์›ƒ์–ด๋ดค์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ๊ฑธ."์ด๋ผ๋ฉฐ
17:40
I wish I could have laughed at Dorothy Parker's jokes."
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๊ทธ ๋‚ ๋“ค, ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ €๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:43
But I'm here to tell you that these places exist, they still exist.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„์ง๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
17:48
They exist in corners of the Internet, where old men fear to tread.
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์–ด๋ฅด์‹ ๋“ค์€ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฌด์„œ์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๊ตฌ์„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
17:54
And I truly, truly believe that when we invented Agloe, New York, in the 1960s,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฅผ 1960๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
18:00
when we made Agloe real, we were just getting started.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ €๋Š” ์ง„์‹ค๋กœ, ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:06
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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