Janette Sadik-Khan: New York's streets? Not so mean any more

102,795 views ใƒป 2013-10-08

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: K Bang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Sungho Yoo
00:12
The work of a transportation commissioner
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๊ตํ†ต๊ตญ์žฅ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
00:15
isn't just about stop signs and traffic signals.
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๋ฉˆ์ถค ํ‘œ์ง€์™€ ๊ตํ†ต ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
It involves the design of cities
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๊ทธ ์ผ์—๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ๊ณผ
00:20
and the design of city streets.
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๋„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋˜ํ•œ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ฃ .
00:23
Streets are some of the most valuable resources
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
00:26
that a city has, and yet it's an asset
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€์น˜์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์›์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„,
00:28
that's largely hidden in plain sight.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์‚ฐ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
And the lesson from New York
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ 6๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
00:33
over the past six years
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์–ป์€ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€
00:35
is that you can update this asset.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ด ์ž์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฐฑ์‹  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
You can remake your streets quickly, inexpensively,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ
00:40
it can provide immediate benefits,
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์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
00:43
and it can be quite popular.
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๋†’์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
You just need to look at them a little differently.
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ๋‚จ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
This is important because we live in an urban age.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œํ™” ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”์šฑ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
For the first time in history,
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ,
00:55
most people live in cities,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ ,
00:58
and the U.N. estimates that over the next 40 years,
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UN์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 40๋…„๋™์•ˆ
01:01
the population is going to double on the planet.
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ 2๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
So the design of cities is a key issue for our future.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด์ง€์š”.
01:09
Mayor Bloomberg recognized this
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๋ธ”๋ฃธ๋ฒ„๊ทธ ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์žฅ์€ 2007๋…„์—
01:10
when he launched PlaNYC in 2007.
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PlaNYC๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
The plan recognized that cities
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์ด ๊ณ„ํš์€ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ์žฅ์—
01:16
are in a global marketplace,
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์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:18
and that if we're going to continue to grow and thrive
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
01:21
and to attract the million more people
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๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ
01:25
that are expected to move here,
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์ด์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
01:26
we need to focus on the quality of life
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์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ,
01:29
and the efficiency of our infrastructure.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํšจ์œจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
For many cities, our streets have been
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๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:35
in a kind of suspended animation for generations.
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์„ธ๋Œ€์†์—์„œ ์ •์ง€๋œ ๋™ํ™”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กด์žฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
This is a picture of Times Square in the '50s,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 50๋…„๋Œ€ ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ธ๋ฐ,
01:42
and despite all of the technological innovation,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํ˜์‹ , ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋ณ€ํ™”,
01:46
cultural changes, political changes,
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์ •์น˜์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
01:49
this is Times Square in 2008.
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2008๋…„ ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Not much has changed in those 50 years.
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50๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
So we worked hard to refocus our agenda,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์ œ๋ฅผ ์žฌ์กฐ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:58
to maximize efficient mobility,
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์œ ๋™์„ฑ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:01
providing more room for buses, more room for bikes,
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๋ฒ„์Šค์™€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:05
more room for people to enjoy the city,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
02:08
and to make our streets as safe as they can be
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
02:10
for everybody that uses them.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
We set out a clear action plan
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ๋ฒค์น˜๋งˆํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
02:16
with goals and benchmarks.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ํ™œ๋™ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Having goals is important,
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:20
because if you want to change and steer the ship
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋„์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:25
of a big city in a new direction,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
02:27
you need to know where you're going and why.
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๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
The design of a street can tell you everything
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
02:34
about what's expected on it.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
In this case, it's expected that you shelter in place.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์‰ด ๊ณณ์„ ์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฐ์š”.
02:40
The design of this street is really
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์€
02:42
to maximize the movement of cars
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์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ A๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ B๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„
02:45
moving as quickly as possible
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ
02:46
from point A to point B,
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๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™” ์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
and it misses all the other ways
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์šฉ๋„๋Š”
02:50
that a street is used.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์—†์–ด์ง€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
02:52
When we started out, we did some early surveys
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
02:55
about how our streets were used,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:57
and we found that New York City was largely
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๊ฐ€
02:59
a city without seats.
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์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:02
Pictures like this, people perched
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์†Œํ™”๊ธฐ ์œ„์— ์•‰๊ณค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:04
on a fire hydrant, not the mark of a world-class city.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋„ค์š”.
03:08
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:10
It's not great for parents with kids.
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ๋„ ์ข‹์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
It's not great for seniors. It's not great for retailers.
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์–ด๋ฅด์‹ ๋“ค๊ป˜๋„, ์ƒ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ข‹์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
03:16
It's probably not good for the fire hydrants.
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์†Œํ™”๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
03:19
Certainly not good for the police department.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
03:22
So we worked hard to change that balance,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
and probably the best example of our new approach
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์•„๋งˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ์˜ ์‹œ๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€
03:29
is in Times Square.
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ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด์ผ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Three hundred and fifty thousand people a day
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์‚ผ์‹ญ์˜ค๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:34
walk through Times Square,
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ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ค๊ณ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:36
and people had tried for years to make changes.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์”ฉ ๊ณ ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
They changed signals, they changed lanes,
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ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ๊ณผ ๊ธธ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ ,
03:41
everything they could do to make Times Square work better.
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ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋” ์›ํ• ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋„๋ก ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
03:44
It was dangerous, hard to cross the street.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•  ๋ฟ๋”๋Ÿฌ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
It was chaotic.
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ํ˜ผ๋ˆ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
And so, none of those approaches worked,
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ํ†ตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
so we took a different approach, a bigger approach,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ๋„, ๋” ๋„“์€ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด
03:53
looked at our street differently.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:55
And so we did a six-month pilot.
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6๊ฐœ์›” ๊ฐ„ ์‹œํ—˜ ์‹œํ–‰์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
We closed Broadway from 42nd Street to 47th Street
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 42๋ฒˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 47๋ฒˆ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋“œ์›จ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ณ ,
04:03
and created two and a half acres
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์— 2.5 ์—์ด์ปค(์•ฝ 1๋งŒ ์ œ๊ณฑ๋ฏธํ„ฐ) ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜
04:05
of new pedestrian space.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณดํ–‰๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
And the temporary materials are an important part
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์€ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜
04:11
of the program, because we were able to show
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๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณดํ–‰๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด
04:14
how it worked.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
And I work for a data-driven mayor, as you probably know.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์žฅ๋‹˜์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
So it was all about the data.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์ธ ์…ˆ์ด์ง€์š”.
04:21
So if it worked better for traffic, if it was better for mobility,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ์ด๋™์„ฑ์— ์ข‹๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:24
if it was safer, better for business, we would keep it,
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๋˜ ๋”์šฑ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋” ์ข‹๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ณ„์† ์ด์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:26
and if it didn't work, no harm, no foul,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹คํ•ด๋„ ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ชป๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ˆ์š”.
04:29
we could put it back the way that it was,
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์›์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋†“์œผ๋ฉด ๋˜์ง€์š”.
04:31
because these were temporary materials.
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž„์‹œ์˜€์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:32
And that was a very big part of the buy-in,
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ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ๋ฐ,
04:35
much less anxiety when you think that something
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์›์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ
04:37
can be put back.
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๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
04:39
But the results were overwhelming.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ต‰์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
Traffic moved better. It was much safer.
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๊ตํ†ต ์ƒํ™ฉ๋„ ์ข‹์•„์กŒ๊ณ , ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
Five new flagship stores opened.
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ์ ๋“ค์ด ์—ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
It's been a total home run.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ™ˆ๋Ÿฐ์„ ์นœ ์…ˆ์ด์ง€์š”.
04:48
Times Square is now one of the top 10
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ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์žฅ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
04:51
retail locations on the planet.
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์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ ์ค‘ 10 ์œ„ ์•ˆ์— ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
And this is an important lesson,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์›ํ• ํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
04:56
because it doesn't need to be a zero-sum game
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์ œ๋กœ์„ฌ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š”
04:59
between moving traffic and creating public space.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Every project has its surprises,
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
and one of the big surprises with Times Square
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฉด์€
05:09
was how quickly people flocked to the space.
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'์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ์˜€์„๊นŒ?' ์˜€์–ด์š”.
05:13
We put out the orange barrels,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋‚ด๋†“์€ ์˜ค๋žœ์ง€์ƒ‰ํ†ต์„ ๋ณธ
05:15
and people just materialized immediately into the street.
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์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์ฆ‰์‹œ, ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:18
It was like a Star Trek episode, you know?
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์Šคํƒ€ํŠธ๋ ‰์˜ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ ๊ฐ™์ฃ ?
05:20
They weren't there before, and then zzzzzt!
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์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ, ์งœ์ž”!
05:23
All the people arrived.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:24
Where they'd been, I don't know, but they were there.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:27
And this actually posed an immediate challenge for us,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ์—
05:30
because the street furniture had not yet arrived.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋„์ „์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
So we went to a hardware store
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒ ๋ฌผ์ ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
05:36
and bought hundreds of lawn chairs,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž”๋””์˜์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์—
05:39
and we put those lawn chairs out on the street.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋†“๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
And the lawn chairs became the talk of the town.
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๊ทธ๋žฌ๋”๋‹ˆ, ์ž”๋””์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊นƒ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:46
It wasn't about that we'd closed Broadway to cars.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋“œ์›จ์ด๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์„ ๋ง‰์€๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
05:48
It was about those lawn chairs.
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'์ž”๋””์˜์ž'๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊นƒ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:50
"What did you think about the lawn chairs?"
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"์ž”๋””์˜์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?"
05:51
"Do you like the color of the lawn chairs?"
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"์ž”๋””์˜์ž์˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์„ธ์š”?"
05:53
So if you've got a big, controversial project,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํฌ๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์ธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:57
think about lawn chairs.
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์ž”๋””์˜์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:59
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:01
This is the final design for Times Square,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๋””์ž์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
and it will create a level surface,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์ด์—
06:06
sidewalk to sidewalk,
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ํ‰๋ฉด์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ๊ณ ,
06:08
beautiful pavers that have studs in them
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๊ฐ„ํŒ์—์„œ ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋น›์„ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”
06:10
to reflect the light from the billboards,
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์ง•์„ ๋ฐ•์€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ณ ,
06:12
creating a great new energy on the street,
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
and we think it's going to really create
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ด๊ณณ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ช…์†Œ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋“ญ๋‚˜์„œ
06:17
a great place, a new crossroads of the world
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์ด๋ฆ„๊ฐ’ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ๋กœ,
06:19
that is worthy of its name.
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ํƒ„์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
06:21
And we will be cutting the ribbon on this,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ
06:22
the first phase, this December.
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์ด๋ฒˆ 12์›”์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
With all of our projects, our public space projects,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ, ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:29
we work closely with local businesses
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์ง€์—ญ ์ƒ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜‘์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
and local merchant groups
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์ง€์—ญ ์ƒ์ธ๋“ค์€
06:32
who maintain the spaces, move the furniture,
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น„ํ’ˆ์„ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ ,
06:36
take care of the plants.
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์‹๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ€๊ฟจ์ง€์š”.
06:37
This is in front of Macy's, and they were
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ๋ฉ”์ด์‹œ ๋ฐฑํ™”์  ์•ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
a big supporter of this new approach,
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ํฐ ํ›„์›์ž์˜€์ง€์š”.
06:41
because they understood that more people on foot
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๋„๋ณด ์ด๋™์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ์žฅ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
06:46
is better for business.
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๋” ์ž˜ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
06:48
And we've done these projects all across the city
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ
06:51
in all kinds of neighborhoods.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์›ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
This is in Bed-Stuy, Brooklyn,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ฒ ๋“œํฌ๋“œ-์Šคํƒ€์ด๋ธŒ์„ผํŠธ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
and you can see the short leg that was there,
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜
06:56
used for cars, that's not really needed.
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์งง์€ ๋„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹คํ…๋ฐ,
06:59
So what we did is we painted over the street,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์œ„์— ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์น ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
07:02
put down epoxy gravel, and connected the triangle
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์—ํญ์‹œ ์ž๊ฐˆ์„ ๊น”๊ณ ,
07:06
to the storefronts on Grand Avenue,
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๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์—๋น„๋‰ด์˜ ์ƒ์  ์•ž๊ณผ ์‚ผ๊ฐ๊ผด๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์„œ,
07:08
created a great new public space,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ ,
07:10
and it's been great for businesses
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๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์—๋น„๋‰ด๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ
07:12
along Grand Avenue.
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์ƒ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
We did the same thing in DUMBO, in Brooklyn,
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๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ค๋ณด ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
and this is one of our first projects that we did,
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€๊ณ ,
07:19
and we took an underutilized,
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์„
07:21
pretty dingy-looking parking lot
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ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์น ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ์–ด
07:24
and used some paint and planters
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์ฃผ๋ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
07:27
to transform it over a weekend.
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๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
And in the three years since we've implemented the project,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ์ง€ 3 ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์„๋•Œ๋Š”,
07:33
retail sales have increased 172 percent.
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์†Œ๋งค์—…์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์ด 172% ๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
07:38
And that's twice that of adjacent areas in the same neighborhood.
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์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ 2 ๋ฐฐ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋งค์ถœ์ด์˜€์ฃ .
07:43
We've moved very, very quickly
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด
07:45
with paint and temporary materials.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
Instead of waiting
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์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์ž‘์„ฑ๊ณผ
07:48
through years of planning studies
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ์ž‘์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
07:51
and computer models to get something done,
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๊ณ„์† ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ,
07:54
we've done it with paint and temporary materials.
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ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
And the proof is not in a computer model.
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๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:59
It is in the real-world performance of the street.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
You can have fun with paint.
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์ฑ„์ƒ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
All told, we've created over 50 pedestrian plazas
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๊ตฌ์—
08:09
in all five boroughs across the city.
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์˜ค์‹ญ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ–‰๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
We've repurposed 26 acres of active car lanes
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 26์—์ด์ปค(์•ฝ 10๋งŒ ์ œ๊ณฑ๋ฏธํ„ฐ)์˜ ์ฐจ๋„๋ฅผ
08:17
and turned them into new pedestrian space.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณดํ–‰๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์ง€์š”.
08:21
I think one of the successes is in its emulation.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
You're seeing this kind of approach,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„
08:25
since we've painted Times Square,
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ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ€˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์ƒ‰ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:27
you've seen this approach in Boston, in Chicago,
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด์—์„œ, ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์—์„œ,
08:30
in San Francisco, in Mexico City,
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์—์„œ, ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ์‹œํ‹ฐ์—์„œ,
08:33
Buenos Aires, you name it.
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๋ถ€์—๋…ธ์Šค์•„์ด๋ ˆ์Šค ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ์ง€์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
08:34
This is actually in Los Angeles,
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค์ธ๋ฐ,
08:36
and they actually copied even the green dots
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋†“์•˜๋˜
08:40
that we had on the streets.
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์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰ ์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
But I can't underscore enough
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
08:44
how much more quickly this enables you to move
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฑด์ถ• ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
08:47
over traditional construction methods.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
We also brought this quick-acting approach
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„
08:52
to our cycling program,
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์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋„์ž…ํ•ด์„œ
08:54
and in six years turned cycling
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6 ๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ
08:56
into a real transportation option in New York.
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๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
I think it's fair to say --
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด --
09:01
(Applause) --
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜) --
09:06
it used to be a fairly scary place to ride a bike,
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์›๋ž˜๋Š” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฝค ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ๊ณณ์ด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ
09:10
and now New York has become
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํƒ€๊ธฐ์˜
09:11
one of the cycling capitals in the United States.
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๋Œ€ํ‘œ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
And we moved quickly to create an interconnected
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๊ธธ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
09:19
network of lanes.
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์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
You can see the map in 2007.
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2007 ๋…„์˜ ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
09:24
This is how it looked in 2013
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350 ๋งˆ์ผ(์•ฝ 560km)์˜ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‚œ๋’ค
09:26
after we built out 350 miles of on-street bike lanes.
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๋ณ€ํ•œ 2013 ๋…„์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
I love this because it looks so easy.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฌ์›Œ๋ณด์—ฌ์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:33
You just click it, and they're there.
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ํด๋ฆญ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:37
We also brought new designs to the street.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋””์ž์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
We created the first parking-protected bike lane
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ฐจ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”
09:43
in the United States.
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
09:46
We protected bikers by floating parking lanes,
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์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์ฐจ ๊ธธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
09:50
and it's been great.
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด์„œ ์ž˜ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Bike volumes have spiked.
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธ‰์ฆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Injuries to all users, pedestrians, cyclists, drivers,
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž, ๋ณดํ–‰์ž, ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์šด์ „์ž ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€
09:55
are all down 50 percent.
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50% ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
And we've built 30 miles of these protected bike lanes,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  30 ๋งˆ์ผ(์•ฝ 50km)์˜ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์ „์šฉ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ ,
10:01
and now you're seeing them pop up
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€
10:02
all over the country.
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์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
And you can see here that this strategy has worked.
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์ด ์ „๋žต์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
10:07
The blue line is the number of cyclists,
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ํŒŒ๋ž€์„ ์€ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์„ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
soaring.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธ‰์ƒ์Šน์ด์ง€์š”.
10:09
The green line is the number of bike lanes.
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์ดˆ๋ก์„ ์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋„๋กœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
And the yellow line is the number of injuries,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ž€์„ ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๋นˆ๋„์ˆ˜์ธ๋ฐ,
10:14
which has remained essentially flat.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋˜์š”.
10:16
After this big expansion, you've seen
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ํฐ ํ™•์žฅ ํ›„์—, ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด
10:19
no net increase in injuries,
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์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
and so there is something to that axiom
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์ฆ‰, ์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋”์šฑ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š”
10:24
that there is safety in numbers.
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๋ง์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
10:27
Not everybody liked the new bike lanes,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
10:30
and there was a lawsuit and somewhat
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ์†Œ์†ก๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
10:32
of a media frenzy a couple years ago.
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์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์—ด๊ด‘์ ์ธ ๋น„ํŒ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
One Brooklyn paper called this bike lane
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๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”
10:38
that we have on Prospect Park West
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ํŒŒํฌ ์›จ์ŠคํŠธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€
10:40
"the most contested piece of land
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"๊ฐ€์ž์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ์ค‘์—์„œ
10:42
outside of the Gaza Strip."
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ์น˜์—ดํ•œ ๋•…" ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:47
And this is what we had done.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
So if you dig below the headlines, though,
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์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ณ„์† ์ฝ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด,
10:54
you'll see that the people were far ahead of the press,
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์–ธ๋ก ๊ณผ๋„, ์ •์น˜์™€๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋Š”
10:57
far ahead of the politicians.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹ค๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
10:59
In fact, I think most politicians would be happy
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด
11:02
to have those kind of poll numbers.
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์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
11:04
Sixty-four percent of New Yorkers support these bike lanes.
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๋‰ด์š• ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์˜ 64%๊ฐ€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ›„์›ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
This summer, we launched Citi Bike,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œก์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์™€
11:09
the largest bike share program in the United States,
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์„œ๋กœ ์ด์›ƒํ•œ 330 ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ€์—ฌ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•ด์„œ,
11:11
with 6,000 bikes
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋Œ€์—ฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ธ
11:13
and 330 stations located next to one another.
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์‹œํ‹ฐ(Citi) ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
Since we've launched the program,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ดํ›„
11:19
three million trips have been taken.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ผ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ฒˆ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
People have ridden seven million miles.
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7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ผ(์•ฝ ์ฒœ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ km)์„ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•œ ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
11:23
That's 280 times around the globe.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ 280 ๋ฒˆ ๋„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
And so with this little blue key,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์—ด์‡ ๋กœ
11:28
you can unlock the keys to the city
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋ˆ„๋นŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
11:31
and this brand new transportation option.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ์˜ต์…˜์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
And daily usage just continues to soar.
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๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๋„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
11:36
What has happened is the average daily ridership
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๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ผ๋งŒ์œก์ฒœ ๋ช…์ด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ
11:38
on the streets of New York is 36,000 people.
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๋งค์ผ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
The high that we've had so far is 44,000 in August.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋นˆ๋„์ˆ˜๋Š” 8์›”์˜ ์‚ฌ๋งŒ์‚ฌ์ฒœ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
Yesterday, 40,000 people used Citi Bike in New York City.
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์–ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š• ์‹œ์—์„œ 4๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ์‹œํ‹ฐ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
The bikes are being used six times a day.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์—ฌ์„ฏ ํšŒ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
11:50
And I think you also see it in the kinds of riders
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
11:53
that are on the streets.
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์œ ํ˜•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
11:54
In the past, it looked like the guy on the left,
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š”, ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:57
ninja-clad bike messenger.
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๋‹Œ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
12:00
And today, cyclists look
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์„ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
12:03
like New York City looks.
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๋‰ด์š• ์‹œ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
It's diverse -- young, old, black, white,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต - ์ Š์€์ด, ๋…ธ์ธ, ํ‘์ธ, ๋ฐฑ์ธ
12:09
women, kids, all getting on a bike.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์•„์ด๋“ค - ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
12:12
It's an affordable, safe, convenient way to get around.
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์‹ธ๊ณ , ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋™์— ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
Quite radical.
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๊ฝค ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
We've also brought this approach to our buses,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฒ„์Šค์—๋„ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
and New York City has the largest bus fleet in North America,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋Š” ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ์ง€๋งŒ
12:23
the slowest bus speeds.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์†๋ ฅ์„ ์ž๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
As everybody knows,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
12:26
you can walk across town faster
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์‹œ๋‚ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
12:28
than you can take the bus.
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๊ฑธ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋น ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
And so we focused on the most congested areas
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ
12:32
of New York City,
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ,
12:34
built out six bus rapid transit lines,
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57 ๋งˆ์ผ(์•ฝ 90 km)์˜ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด
12:37
57 miles of new speedy bus lanes.
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๋ฒ„์Šค ๊ตํ†ต ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
You pay at a kiosk before you get on the bus.
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๋ฒ„์Šค ํƒ‘์Šน ์ „์— ๋งคํ‘œ์†Œ์— ๋ˆ์„ ๋จผ์ € ๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
We've got dedicated lanes that keep cars out
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๋‹จ์† ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•ด์„œ
12:45
because they get ticketed by a camera
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์„ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
12:47
if they use that lane,
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๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
12:49
and it's been a huge success.
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์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
I think one of my very favorite moments
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์œ„์›์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
12:55
as transportation commissioner was the day
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
12:57
that we launched Citi Bike,
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์‹œํ‹ฐ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ ์„œ
12:58
and I was riding Citi Bike up First Avenue
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๊ทธ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์ „์šฉ ์ฐจ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ
13:01
in my protected bike lane,
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1๋ฒˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ
13:03
and I looked over and I saw pedestrians
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ณดํ–‰์ž๋“ค์ด
13:05
standing safely on the pedestrian islands,
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๋ณดํ–‰์ž์šฉ ์•ˆ์ „ ์ง€๋Œ€์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
13:08
and the traffic was flowing,
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๊ตํ†ต์ด ์›ํ• ํ•˜๊ณ ,
13:10
birds were singing --
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์ƒˆ๋“ค์€ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ --
13:12
(Laughter) --
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(์›ƒ์Œ) --
13:13
the buses were speeding up their dedicated lanes.
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋“ค์ด ์ „์šฉ ์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ์ง€์š”.
13:16
It was just fantastic.
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๋†€๋ผ์šธ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
13:20
And this is how it looked six years ago.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด 6 ๋…„ ์ „์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
And so, I think that the lesson that we have
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์—์„œ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตํ›ˆ์€,
13:26
from New York is that it's possible
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:30
to change your streets quickly,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
it's not expensive, it can provide immediate benefits,
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ด์ต์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉฐ,
13:37
and it can be quite popular.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
You just need to reimagine your streets.
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๋‹น์‹  ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:42
They're hidden in plain sight.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‹œ์•ผ ์†์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊น์š”.
13:44
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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